Download - A manifesto by Group 7
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A manifesto by Group 7
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• What we sample at MOR, a great reflection of the upper mantle, is not the whole mantle, as it does not add up to chondritic conditions
• This is not to say there are two reservoirs
• This is not to say there are two layers
• Resolve paradox between geochemistry and seismology: find reservoir. Seismologists, give us a reservoir, delineate it. Let’s look for a sharp, non-horizontal boundary around D’’
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The Earth Sciences
A haiku by James B. Kellogg
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If not primitive – what?
If not 670 – where ?
If not primordial – how?
If not us – who?
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Some facts we’re comfortable stating
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• Zircon cannot be produced in the mantle; finding it in a plume implies it came from a subducted slab
• Plume melting occurs maybe around 100 km, certainly not 500 km or deeper; we know this from garnet trace elements
• What if mass transfer is unimpeded but chemical variations are? Diffusion needs to be faster than advection. This does not explain Sm/Nd isotopes, if anything
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A modest proposal
• Geodynamics: tell us what plumes look like, how fast they go, viscosity contrast
• Geochemists: tell us what they’re likely to be made of
• Mineral physicists: tell us what the wave speeds of those will be
• Seismologists: prove that you can see them, and take their picture
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• We need experimental mineral physics to tell us the effect of physical variables on wave speeds at depths and pressures
• We need geodynamics that tell us whether boundary layers are possible at depths other than the CMB and whether the types of structures seen seismically are any good
• We need first-principles calculations of trace elements in small concentrations require huge unit cells; simulating liquids is even harder
What we need
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Some more questions we want answers to
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• What kind of heat transfer is going on as a slab goes down, and we need to know physical constants (diffusivity, etc.)
• What are the thermal properties of “slab” and “mantle”
• What happens at the bottom of the mantle?
• What do slabs really think?
• How do melts interacts physically and chemically with the mantle
• Is the mantle layered, and why, when
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• Geodynamicists: use the seismic models, look for what they mean
• Mineral physics: step away from the idealized end-member solutions, and completely understand melting etc.
• Find how seismic velocity variations map presence of partial melt; find pressure and depth variations of said velocities
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• Area geophysicist develops infallible toolset to detect melt and volatiles anywhere in the mantle
• Seismologist confirms that slabs lose sharpness and definition in the lower mantle
• Earth scientists maps complete thermochemical structure of D’’
• Wadati-Benioff zone explained
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