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Various types of operators
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Objectives
On completion of this period, you would be able to know:
• Various operators in Java
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Recap
• What is an array
• What is one dimensional array
• What is two dimensional array
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Operators
• An operator performs an operation on data items
(also known as operands)
• Java operators can be classified as follows
• Arithmetic operators
• Relational operators
• Logical operators
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• Assignment operators• Increment/Decrement operators• Conditional operators• Bit-wise operators• Special operators
OperatorsContd..
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Arithmetic Operators
• Java provides all the basic arithmetic operators
like + , - , * , / , %
• These can operate on any built in numeric data
types like any other languages
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• We can not use these operators on boolean data
type
eg. : These are used as
a+b , a-b , a*b , a/b , a% b
• Here a, b are variables or constants known as
operands
Arithmetic OperatorsContd..
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Relational Operators
• These operators are used for compare two
quantities
• Java supports the following relational operators
• < , <= , > , >= , = = , !=
• The value of the relational expression is either true
or false
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• The syntax for relational operator is
Expression1 <relational operator> Expession2
• Here, Expression1 and Expression2 are arithmetic
expressions
Relational OperatorsContd..
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• When arithmetic expressions are used , it must be evaluated first and then results compared.
eg. : a<b
a<=b
a>b
a>=b
a= = b
a!=b
Contd..
Relational Operators
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Logical Operators
• Java has three logical operators
&& - Logical AND
| | - Logical OR
! - Logical NOT
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• An expression which combines two or more relational expressions
• It is called as logical expression or compound expression
eg. : a >b && c <d• The logical expression given above is true only if
both conditions are true• If either of them are false the expression is false
Logical OperatorsContd..
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Assignment Operator
• These are used to assign the value of an
expression to a variable
• The assignment operator is ‘= ‘
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• These operators are used for shorthand assignment in the following form
V op = value;
• Here, V is variable ,op is operator.
eg. : a+ = 9;
Assignment Operator
Contd..
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• The above form is equivalent to
V = V op value;
eg. : a+ = 1 means a= a+1
Contd..
Assignment Operator
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• Advantages of shorthand assignment operators are
• What appears on the left hand side need not be
repeated and therefore it becomes easier
• The statement is more easier to read
Contd..
Assignment Operator
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Increment/Decrement Operators
• Java has two useful operators
• These are increment(++) and decrement(--)
operators.
• The operator ++ adds one to the operand and the
operator -- subtracts one
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• Both are unary operators and these are in different
forms.
eg. : ++m or m++ ,this is equivalent to m+1
--m or m-- ,this is equivalent to m-1
Increment/Decrement Operators
Contd..
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• The difference occurs only the operator is a part of another expression
eg. : m = 9, k =++ m ; • In this case the value of k would be 10
eg. : m = 9, k = m++ ;• In this case the value of k would be 9 and m
would be 10
Contd..
Increment/Decrement Operators
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Conditional Operator
• The character pair ‘?:’ is a ternary operator
available in Java
• This operator is used to construct conditional
expressions of the form
Expression1 ? Expression2 : Expression3 ;
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• Here, ?: works as follows
• Expression1 is evaluated first if it is true
• Then the Expression2 is evaluated and becomes
the value of the conditional expression
Contd..
Conditional Operator
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• If Expression1 is false, Expression3 is evaluated
• And its value becomes the value of the conditional
expression
eg. : x = (a > b ) ? a : b;
Contd..
Conditional Operator
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Bitwise Operators
• Java has a distinction of supporting special
operators known as ‘Bitwise Operators’
• These manipulate data at values of bit level
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• These operators are used for testing the bits or
shifting them to the right or left
• Bitwise operators may not be applied to float or
double
Contd..
Bitwise Operators
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• The bitwise operators are
& Bitwise AND
| Bitwise OR
^ Bitwise exclusive OR
~ Ones complement
<< Shift left
>> Shift right
>>> Shift right with zero fill
Contd..
Bitwise Operators
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Special Operators
• Java supports some special operators
• Such as ‘ instanceOf ‘ operator
• And ‘Dot’ operator or member selection operators
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instanceOf Operator
• The instanceOf operator is an object reference operator
• It returns true if the object on the left hand side is an instance of the class given on the right hand side
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• This operator allows us to determine the object
belongs to a particular class or not
eg. : s instanceof Student;
• The above statement is true if the object belongs
to the class Student
• Otherwise it is false
Contd..
I
instanceOf Operator
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Dot Operator
• The Dot operator is used to access the instance of variables and methods of a class
eg. : a.dispaly();
• It is also used to access classes and sub packages
from packages
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Summary
• Different types of Operators
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Quiz
1.An Operator Operates______
a) Variables
b) Operators
c) Operands
d) All the Above
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Frequently Asked Questions
• List any Three Logical operator
• List any Four Bitwise Operators
• Explain various operators available in Java
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