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WE WILL SOMETIMES HAVE TO RELY ON

INTUITION (Because we can never have all possible

data before making a decision)

“There is no other way to guard yourself

against flattery than by making men

understand that telling you the truth

will not offend you.”

“We must consider

that each of these

princes of ours has

an aim, and because

it is impossible for us

to know their inner

thoughts, we have

to judge it from their

words, from their

actions…”

“…and some part of [what we judge], we imagine.”

LOYALTY — OF CITIZENS OR STAKEHOLDERS — IS ESSENTIAL TO OVERCOME ADVERSITY.

“Friendships gained with money, not with

greatness and nobility of spirit, are pur-

chased but not possessed, and at the right

times cannot be turned to account.”

EXCELLENT LEADERS ARE GOOD COMMUNICATORS.

“Therefore, an excellent general is

usually an orator because unless he

knows how to speak to the whole

army, he will have difficulty in doing

anything good.”

ONLY THOSE WHO CAN ADAPT WILL SUCCEED.

“…If times and affairs change,

[a leader will fail] because he

does not change his way of

proceeding. If [a person can]

change his nature with times

and affairs, [his] fortune

would not change.”

8“The first error [a prince]

makes, he makes in choosing

his advisors … who are good

or bad according to the

prince's intelligence.”

CHOOSE YOUR PARTNERS AND ASSOCIATES WISELY.

AVOID FLATTERERS. IT IS A RECIPE FOR RUIN.

BUSINESS LESSONS FROM

MACHIAVELLI

KNOW EVERY PERSON FOR

HOW THEY ARE, NOT HOW THEY OUGHT

TO BE.

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4

2 3

6 7

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THOUGH TACTICS AND STRATEGIES MAY CHANGE, A LEADER’S SPIRIT MUST NOT.

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