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7.1GeneralWaveProperties1.notebook
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7.1GeneralWaveProperties
Whatisawave?
Awaveisanoscillationthatmovesthroughspace,transferringenergyfromoneplacetoanother.
Wave1.mp4
Water(themedium)ismovedupanddown,butisnotmovedinthedirectionofthewave.
Whichoftheseisnotanexampleofawave?
Alltruewavesmoveorpropagatethroughspace,thereforetheripplesonasanddunearenotwaves.
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7.1GeneralWaveProperties
Vibration Awaveisaperiodicdisturbanceinamaterial(medium)orspace.
Eachparticleofthemediumvibrates,oroscillates,aboutafixedposition.Energyistransferredoutwardsfromthesourceofthewave.
Wavesthatmoveoutwardsfromtheirsourcearecalledtravellingwaves.Thetwotypesofprogressivewavearetransverseandlongitudinal.
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7.1GeneralWavePropertiesWaveCharacteristics
Period
Amplitude
A
Wavelength
WavelengthThedistancebetween2consecutivepointsinphase
FrequencyThenumberofcyclesofthewavepersecond.Thebiggerthe
frequencythehigherthepitchofthenoteorthebluerthelight
AmplitudeThemaximumdistancethatanypointonthewavemovesfrom
itsmeanposition.Thebiggertheamplitudethelouderthesound,therougherthesea,orthebrighterthelight
Period(T)Thetimeittakesforonecompletecycleofthewave.
Displacement(x)Howfartheparticlehastravelledfromitsmeanposition.
Wavespeed(v)Thespeedatwhichthewavefrontspassastationaryobserver
Frequencyf=1/T
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Wavesintimeandspace7.1GeneralWaveProperties
Thesetwowaveformslookthesame,buttheyeachgivedifferentinformationaboutthewavetheyrepresent.
Thisgraphrepresentshowychangeswithtime.Itcouldbeanoscillationofvoltage,displacement,pressure,oranyothersuitablevariable,dependingonthecontext.
Thisgraphrepresentshowychangesalonganaxisxinspace.Itcouldbeawaveofdisplacementorpressure,oranyothersuitablevariable,dependingonthecontext.
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7.1GeneralWavePropertiesTheSpeedofaWaveThesewavesaretravellingacrossthesurfaceofapond.Thelengthofeachwaveis0.25m.
Twowavespasstheduckeachsecond,sothefrequencyis2Hz.
Thismeansthatthewavestravel0.5meachsecond,sothespeedofthewavesis0.5m/s.
speed=frequencywavelength0.5m/s=2Hz 0.25m
v=f
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7.1GeneralWavePropertiesElectromagnetic(EM)WavesElectromagneticwavestravelat300,000,000m/s(3x108m/s)throughavacuum.Thisvalueisapproximatelytheirspeedthroughair.
Atypicalradiostationmaybroadcastatafrequencyof98MHz.Calculatethewavelengthofthisradiowave.
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Transversevs.longitudinalwaves
7.1GeneralWaveProperties
Transversewavesarewhenthedisplacementisatrightanglestothedirectionofthewave
Longitudinalwavesarewhenthedisplacementisparalleltothedirectionofthewave
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7.1GeneralWaveProperties
Waveswillalwaysreflectinsuchawaythattheangleatwhichtheyapproachabarrierequalstheangleatwhichtheyreflectoffthebarrier.
LawofReflection
LawofRefraction
Refractionisaccompaniedbyachangeinspeedandwavelengthofthewaves.
Diffraction
Diffractionisthespreadingoutofawave.
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7.1GeneralWaveProperties
Homework
Page125#1HandoutQuestionsPage127#1&2
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Attachments
Wave1.mp4
SMART Notebook
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