Matter
Pure Substances Mixtures
Elements Homogeneous Mixtures
Heterogeneous MixturesCompounds
Copper, hydrogen Water, salt, Carbon dioxide
Salt water, air, metal alloys
Salad dressing, Trail mix
5.1 Classification of Matter
Physical Properties
○ No new substances formed ○ May be observed, measured,
calculated ○ Viscosity, colour, melting point,
brittleness, state, solubility, boiling point, ductility, magnetism, crystalline structure, hardness, density, lustre, malleability
Chemical Properties
○ New substances are created ○ Describes behaviour as it changes
into a new substance ○ Flammability, reactions with acid,
corrosion
States of Matter
Takes Shape of Container
Expands to Fill Container
Solid No No
Liquid Yes No
Gas Yes Yes
Chemical Change
○ A chemical change is a change which happens when a substance changes into one (or more) with new properties
○ Eg burning, rusting
How can you tell the difference?Physical Chemical
Reversible
New substances?Properties
Energy Changes
How can you tell the difference?Physical Chemical
Reversible Usually Not usually
New substances?
No Yes
Properties Same Different
Energy Changes
Not noticeable Noticeable
KMT
○ All matter is made of tiny particles ○ Different substances are made of
different particles ○ The particles are in constant motion ○ The more energy the particles have,
the faster they move ○ The attraction between particles
decreases with an increase in distance
Solids
○ Particles are close together
○ Particles can vibrate in place
○ High attractive force
○ Increase energy, increase vibrations
Liquids
○ Particles close together
○ Particles vibrate, slide past each other
○ High attractive force ○ Increase in energy
increases vibration and movement
Gases
○ Particles far apart ○ Particles vibrate,
move rapidly in straight lines
○ No attractive force ○ Increase energy,
increase pressure