Download - 4.4. Geothermie in Indonesien
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Geothermal energy in Indonesia
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Installed power plant capacity in Indonesia
Biomass500 MW
1%
Hydro4.200 MW12%
Natural Gas6.400 MW
18%
Coal7.400 MW
21%
Oil16.200 MW
45% Geothermal
800 MW
2%Total~35 GWinstalledcapacity
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National energy mix 2025 in target (consumption)
EnergyOptimizing
Geothermal
1%
GeothermalHydro
Coal
Gas
Oil
Others
Gas31%
Coal33%
Oil26%
Others4%
Hydro2%
Geothermal+4%
Coal35%Gas
21%
Oil42%
Hydro2%
GeothermalMinihydroHydro Pwr
Coal
Gas
Oil
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Renewable energy resources in Indonesia
NoEnergySources
PotentialInstalledCapacity
used potentialin %
1Hydro 75.450 MW 4.264 MW 5,7%
2Geothermal 28.000 MW 807 MW 2,9%
3Alternative Energy
Biomass 50.000 MW 302 MW 0,5%
Solar
4,8 kWh/m/
day
Equivalent
5 MW
Wind 10.000Equivalent
0,5 MW
Sea wave1035 MW per
km coast
length
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Geothermal power plants for Indonesia
100% of the electricity demand could be covered by
renewable resources in Indonesia
To use these enduring resources Indonesia needs high-
end technology, e.g. from Germany
Success!+
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Problems of other renewables
> 3.500 m > 1.300 m
no base load no base load
100% base load
Geothermal power (GeoPP): low required space and 24/7 supply
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General function of a geothermal power plant
local geothermal field
geothermal power plantmade in Germany
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CO2 reduction by using GeoPP
CO Emissions Comparison
(lbs/MW-hr)
Source EIA 1998; Bloomfield and Moore 1999
0500
1.000
1.500
2.000
Coal
Oil
Gas
Geothermal
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Role of geothermal power in the energy mix
Drivers for development of geothermal industry
Locally available Indonesia has about 40% of world wide knownresources, which are widely distributed, generally highly productive andhigh enthalpy resources
Need to quit from reliance on oil and other fossil fuels Base load capacity of geothermal power generation is over 90%
Independence of cost increase, deliverability and waste management offossil fuels
Environmentally friendly and renewable energy: zero emission possible
CO trading and clean development mechanism (CDM)
In Indonesia geothermal energy shall have a significant role in theenergy mix!
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Geothermal projects in Indonesia
over 100 single projects
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Joint venture Indonesia Germany
Hugegeothermalresources
Know-how
transfer
Highelectricitydemand
Solution
Power plant
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Create an attractive investment climate by:
Consistent laws and legally binding regulations
Attractive tax regulations
Incentives for renewable energies
Easy process for permits and licenses for installation andutilization of renewable energies
Harmonize inter-ministerial cooperation for installing geothermal
power plants
Use of high-end technology
Geothermal energy in Indonesia: Solution
Solution: Know-how transfer
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Kalina technology: Highest efficiency for geothermal power
Brief summary: Kalina Technology
up to 50% higher plant efficiency
up to 30% lower production costs
reduced emissions (closed circuit) less brine/steam consumption inprocess
more energy recuperation comparedto ORC
lower life-cycle cost of electricity per
kilowatt-hour
Highest efficiency for low & medium enthalpy resources, brine andrecovery heat processes; increases efficiency of any conventionalgeothermal power plant
Combined cycle geothermal power plant
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Scenario for a 10 MW combined GeoPP
Investment costs 38 Mio
exploration 10 Mio
construction 22 Mio
preparation & infrastructure 6 Mio
Operational costs (annually) 1,2 Mio
variable costs (O&M) 0,6 Mio
fixed costs 0,6 Mio
Production costs 4-10 -Cent per KWh
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Benefits
Substitution of fossil fuels by local available geothermal energy
Independence of cost increase, deliverability, waste management of
fossil fuels
Reliable continuous baseload power
Offers modular, incremental development and power to remote sites
Clean, sustainable and renewable, no CO-emissions
Contributes to diversity of energy sources
Maximize geothermal resources for electricity production
Huge potential of electricity supply worldwide
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Worldwide potential and installed capacity
Installed geothermal capacity (~8.500 MW), worldwide potential (~60.000 MW)
Country Potential for electricity generation Installed capacity
MW Total MW
South & Central America 3.500 1.220
The Philippines 6.000 1.900Africa, incl. Kenya 6.500 60
Indonesia 20.000 790
P.R. China 6.700 30
USA 12.000 2.300
New Zealand 1.200 450
Japan 2.400 550
Europe, incl. Iceland andAzores Islands
2.000 1.050
Russia 1.400 60
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Potential locations for GeoPPs
e.terras Asia
e.terras America
e.terras Africa/Europe
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e.terras AG global partner
Africa / Europe
Johannisplatz 3D-81667 Mnchen
T +49-(0)-89-444 299 05F +49-(0)-89-339 830 [email protected]
Asia
P.T. Mitraco SuryaTaman Anggrek 5-43A
Jl. Let. Jend. S. Parman 21Jakarta 11470
T +62 21 5699 9351F +62 21 5699 [email protected]
America
76 North Maine StreetFallon, NV 89406
T +01-775-428-1225F [email protected]
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Thankyou
Geothermal power for a better world