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Brazilian Portuguese Tutorial
This tutorial is for Brazilian Portuguese, so if you can speak Portuguese from Portugal,
you may notice many differences, but don't worry! We can all understand each other. The
only difference is the accent and some words that will be listed soon. It's like the
difference between English spoken in England and English spoken in the USA.
1. Basic Phrases
Bom dia!Hello! / Good morning!
Boa tarde!Good afternoon!
Boa noite!Good evening! / Goodnight!
Oi/Ol! Tchau!
Hi! / Bye!
Adeus.
Good bye.
Por favor.
Please.
At mais.See you / See you later.
At logo.See you soon.
At amanh.See you tomorrow.
(Muito) Obrigado.Thank you (very much).
No h de qu.You're welcome. / Don'tmention it.
Bem-vindoWelcome
Desculpe-meI'm sorry
Com licena/ Perdo.Excuse me / Pardon
Vamos!Let's go!
Como o senhor est?How are you? (formal)feminine: a senhora
Como vai?How are you? (informal)
E a?How's it going? (Only inBrazil)
Bem / Muito bemWell / Very well
Mal / Muito mal / Mais oumenosBad / Very bad / More or less
Sim / NoYes / No
Como o senhor se chama?What is your name? (formal)
Qual o seu nome?What is your name?
(informal)
Me chamo...My name is...
Prazer em conhec-loNice to meet you.
Igualmente.Same here.
Senhor / Senhora /SenhoritaMister / Mrs. / Miss
De onde o senhor ?Where are you from? (formal)
De onde voc ?Where are you from?
Eu sou de...I'm from...
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(informal)
Quantos anos o senhortem?How old are you? (formal)
Quantos anos voc tem?How old are you? (informal)
Eu tenho _____ anos.I am _____ years old.
O senhor fala portugus?Do you speak Portuguese?(formal)
Voc fala ingls?Do you speak English?(informal)
(No) Falo...I (don't) speak...
Compreende? / Entende?Do you understand? (formal /informal)
(No) Compreendo. / (No)Entendo.I (don't) understand.
Eu (no) sei.yoh noh loh seh
I (don't) know.
Pode me ajudar?Can you help me?
Claro que simOf course
Como?What? Pardon me?
Onde est / Onde esto... ?Where is ... / Where are ... ?
AquiHere.
H / Havia...There is / are... / Therewas / were...
Como se diz ____ emportugus?How do you say ___ inPortuguese?
O que isto?What is that?
Qual o problema?What's the matter (withyou)?
No importa.
It doesn't matter.
O que aconteceu?
What's happening?
No tenho idia.
I have no idea.
Estou cansado / doente.I'm tired / sick.
Estou com fome / sde.I'm hungry / thirsty.
Estou com calor / frio.I'm hot / cold.
Estou chateado.I'm bored.
No me importa.I don't care.
No se preocupe.Don't worry
Tudo bem / 'T bom.That's alright.
Me esqueci.I forgot.
Tenho que ir agora.I must go now.
Sade!Bless you! Parabns!Congratulations! Boa sorte!Good luck!
a sua vez.It's your turn. (informal)
Cale-se! / Cala a boca!Shut up!
Eu te amo.I love you. (informal andsingular)
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Notice that Portuguese has informal and formal ways of saying things. This is becausethere is more than one meaning to "you" in Portuguese (as well as in many otherlanguages.) The informal you is used when talking to close friends, relatives, animals orchildren. The formal you is used when talking to someone who is older than you orsomeone for whom you would like to show respect (a professor, for example.) There are
also two ways to say you in the plural, used when speaking to more than one person.All the adjectives in Portuguese have masculine and feminine forms, as we'll see later.
2. Pronunciation
PortugueseLetter
English Sound
a like a in after
e like e in empty or if it's at the end of a word, like ee in cheesei always like ee
o like the sound of all but without the l sound
u always like oo in fool
lh like lli in million but shorter h silent
nh like ny in canyon
r in beginning of word like h in hot. Between two letters like the Italian r in Maria
rr always like h in hot
d like in Englishj like in English but without the d sound. Something like zh or a hard sh
g before e and i like j. Otherwise like g in go
gue, gui the g in go followed by e or i
qua, quo are always pronounced separately, like kwa, kwo
sbetween vowels, like z in zoo; otherwise like z. (In Portugal, like sh when at theend of a word.
x sometimes like sh in shift or like z in zoo
like ss
z like z in English (In Portugal, like zh when at the end of a word.) like oe in does like but shorter
like a in Artic
like e but shorter
like a in apple
like i but longer
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like o but shorter
like o in more
like u but longer
ch like sh in shift
e like "oen"
3. Alphabet
a a j jota t t
b b l le u u
c c m me v v
d d n ne x xis
e o o z z
f fe p p Foreign letters
g g q qu k k
h ag r rre w dbliu
i i s sse y psolon
Note: The letter (c cedilha) is not part of the alphabet.
Spelling changes as of January 2009:
- The letters K, W and Y are now oficially part of the alphabet;Note: It wasn't oficial.- The deletion of diaeresis (trema: '') in words with gue, gui, que and qui, as: aguentar,arguir, cinquenta, tranquilo, etc;Note: I said that last time, remember? :P- The deletion of differencial acent in the words "pra/para", "pla/pela", "plo/pelo","plo/polo" and "pra/pera" is gone also, but it stands unchanged in the verbs "pr","poder" and others whose use the accent as way to difference from singular and plural
(i.e.: tem/tm);Note: This change was little, but can confuse even native speakers, since, some weeksback then, I had to argue with a friend if the verb "ter" still have its accent in the pluralforms. And yes, it still has. ;)- The deletion acute accent in open diphthongs i and i from paroxytones (i.e.: alcaloide,apoia, boia, colmeia);Note: This change was very drastic, and it's very hard to live with it.
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- The deletion of acute accent on stressed i and u after diphthongs in paroxytone words(i.e.: feiura);Note: This change was also not that hard to live with.
- The deletion of circumflex accent on words with em and o(s) endings (i.e.: leem, voo,enjoo);Note: This one is as very annoying, also. :(- The deletion of hyphen in compound words which second element begins with S orR,whose shall be doubled (i.e.: antirracismo, antissocial), and in cases where there arevowels in both the first element's ending and the second element's beginning (i.e.:antiareo, autoestrada).
4. Definite and Indefinite Articles and Demonstratives
Masc.Singular
Fem.Singular
Masc.Plural
Fem.Plural
the o a the os as
a, an um uma some uns umas
this este esta these estes estas
that esse essa those esses essas
that aquele aquela those aqueles aquelas
Note: The way to say That:
1. you use esse when you see something that is not with you but it's near2. you use aquele when you see something that is far from you or that is not near
you at that moment.
5. Subject Pronouns
eu I ns wetu
you (not used in popularspeech)
vsplural of tu (also not used inpopular speech)
ele / ela/voc
he / she /you (informal)
eles /elas /vocs
they / they /you (plural informal)
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Note: As tu and vs are not used nowadays, I will not use them to explain the declensionsof the verbs. We use the word voc for the same meaning if you're talking to someonefrom your family or friends. If you're talking to someone you don't know, you must use"o senhor" or "a senhora" (Mr or Mrs.). The word tu is only used in the region South ofBrazil, where they normally don't use voc.
In Portugal, o senhor and a senhora are very formal ways to sayyou. Voc is consideredsemiformal and tu is considered informal.
6. To Be and to Have
ser - to be estar - to be ter - to have
eu sou ns somos eu estou ns estamos eu tenho ns temos
ele/ela/voc
eles/elas/ soesto
ele/ela/ estvoc
eles/elas/ estovocs
ele/ela/ temvoc
eles/elas/ tmvocs
In Portugal, the tu form of ser is s, the tu form of estar is ests, and the tu form of teneris tens.
Note: Ser is used to say when you are something, and Estar is used to say when you arein somewhere. Examples:
Eu sou o novo aluno. I am the new student
Eu estou no meu novo carro. I am in my new car
Common Expressions with "to be"to be afraid - ter medoto be against - estar contrato be at fault - ter culpato be careful - ter cuidadoto be cold - estar com frioto be curious - ser curioso (a)to be happy - estar contente
to be hot - estar com calorto be hungry - estar com fometo be in a hurry - ter pressa, estar com pressato be jealous - ter cimesto be lucky - ter sorteto be patient - ser pacienteto be successful - ter sucesso
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to be thirsty - estar com sdeto be tired - estar cansado (a)
7. Question Words
what o que* which qual (quais)
who quem how much quanto (-a) (-s)
how como how many quanto (-a) (-s)
when quando whom a quem
where onde whose de quem
why por que*
Note: the word que always receives the circumflex when itss placed in the end of asentence. For example: Voc est procurando o qu? Youre looking for what? Ele
acha isso por qu? (Why) does he think so?
8. Numbers / Ordinals
0 zero1 um first primeiro
2 dois second segundo
3 trs third terceiro
4 quatro fourth quarto5 cinco fifth quinto
6 seis sixth sexto
7 sete seventh stimo
8 oito eighth oitavo
9 nove ninth nono
10 dez tenth dcimo
11 onze eleventh dcimo primeiro/undcimo
12 doze twelfth dcimo segundo/duodcimo
13 treze thirteenth dcimo terceiro14 catorze/quatorze fourteenth dcimo quarto
15 quinze fifteenth dcimo quinto
16 dezesseis sixteenth dcimo sexto
17 dezessete seventeenth dcimo stimo
18 dezoito eighteenth dcimo oitavo
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19 dezenove nineteenth dcimo nono
20 vinte twentieth vigsimo
21 vinte e um twenty-first vigsimo primeiro
22 vinte e dois twenty-second vigsimo segundo
30 trinta thirtieth trigsimo40 quarenta fortieth quadragsimo
50 cinqenta / cincoenta fiftieth qinquagsimo
60 sessenta sixtieth sexagsimo
70 setenta seventieth septuagsimo
80 oitenta eightieth octogsimo
90 noventa ninetieth nonagsimo
100 cem/cento hundredth centsimo
1000 mil thousandth milsimo
Note: If you are just saying 100, you use just cem. If it's over 100, you use cento. So 101is cento e um. And 156 would be cento e cinqenta e seis. The words for 16, 17, 18 and19 are pronounced like dzesseis, dzessete, dzoito and dzenove respectively. The onlynumbers that have a feminine form are 1 (um/uma) and 2 (dois/duas). All other numbersare masculine.
9. Days of the Week
Monday segunda-feira
Tuesday tera-feiraWednesday quarta-feira
Thursday quinta-feira
Friday sexta-feira
Saturday sbado
Sunday domingo
the day o dia
the week a semana
the weekend o fim de semanatoday hoje
tomorrow amanh
Note: the days from Monday to Friday have this name because they were calledaccording to the fair (feira) that used to take place in that day a long time ago. A "Feira"
is a set of tents pitched in the street where you can buy vegetables, fruits, and other foods.
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10. Months of the Year
January janeiro
February fevereiro
March maro
April abril
May maio
June junho
July julho
August agosto
September setembro
October outubro
November novembroDecember dezembro
the month o ms
the first of [a month] primeiro de [month]
the year o ano
Note: To say the day of a month, you don't use the ordinal form of the number, like inEnglish. You use the real name of the number. Ex: 16/04/2005 - Dezesseis de abril dedois mil e cinco
11. Seasons
spring primavera autumn outono
summer vero winter inverno
Note: To say in the summer, spring, etc. use na orno and the season. No vero meansin the summer.
12. Directions
north norte east leste
south sul west oeste
northeast nordeste northwest noroeste
southeast sudeste southwest sudoeste
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13. Colors
red vermelho violet violeta
pink rosa brown marrom
orange laranja dark brown marrom escuro
yellow amarelo black preto
green verde gray cinza
blue azul white branco
light blue azul claro gold dourado
purple roxo [rosho] silver prateado
14. Time
Que horas so? What time is it?
uma hora. It's one.
So duas, trs, quatro... horas It's two/three/four...
meio dia. It's noon.
meio dia e meia* It's half past noon.
meia noite. It's midnight.
So cinco e cinco. It's 5:05
So oito e quinze. It's 8:15
So quinze para as dez. It's 9:45
So dez para as nove. It's 8:50
So vinte e cinco para as seis It's 5:35
So trs e meia. It's 3:30
Note: you say meio dia e meia because its midday and a half hour (that is feminine).Dont say meio dia e meio, though many people used to say this.
15. Weather
Como est o tempo hoje? How's the weather today?
Est bonito. The weather's beautiful (nice).
Est feio. The weather's ugly (bad).
Est frio. It's cold.
Est quente. It's hot.
Est ensolarado. It's sunny.
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Est ventando. It's windy.
Est chovendo. It's raining.
Est nevando. It's snowing.
Est nublado. It's cloudy.
16. Prepositions
a at ao lado de beside
com with ao redor de around
contra against perto de near
de of, from longe de far from
em in, on em frente a in front of
entre between, among em baixo de below, under
cerca de towards, about em frente de oppositepara for, in order, by atrs de behind
por for, through, along, via em cima de above
sobre on, over at till, until
sem without desde from, since
Note: The word after the preposition em and de sometimes needs to have the article, soyou combine the two words. Examples:
em + o = no - em + a = na - em + um = num - em + uma = numade + o = do - de + a = da - de + um = dum - de + uma = duma
a + o = ao - a + a =
Estou no escritrio. I'm in the office.
Ficamos numa fazenda. We stayed at a farm.
17. Family and Animals
family famlia grandfather av dog cachorro/co
parents pais grandmother av cat gato
husband marido/esposo grandson neto bird pssaro
wife esposa/mulher granddaughter neta fish peixe
father pai uncle tio horse cavalo
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mother me aunt tia goat cabra
son filho nephew sobrinho pig porco
daughter filha niece sobrinha cow vaca
children filhos cousin (m) primo rabbit coelho
sister irm cousin (f) prima turtle tartarugabrother irmo relatives parentes mouse rato
18. To Know People and Facts
conhecer - to know people, places saber - to know facts
eu conheo ns conhecemos eu sei ns sabemos
ele/ela/vocconhece
eles/elas/vocsconhecem
ele/ela/vocsabe
eles/elas/vocssabem
Conhecer means to be acquainted/familiar with someone or something, and it cannot beused with abstract things or ideas. Saber is to know facts, even if those facts involvepeople or things.
Eu sei quem esta pessoa. I know who is this person.Eu sei qual esta cidade. I know which city is this one.Eu conheo esta pessoa. I know this person.Eu conheo esta cidade. I know this city.
19. Formation of Plural
words that end in -l words that end in -owords thatend in -s or
-z
all otherwords
drop the l and put -is if theword does not have an i
before the l. If it has an eyou change it to to make
the same sound.
it has no rule. Sometimes youchange it to -es or -es, or just add
-s, depending on the word. Youbetter memorize the plural when
you learn the word.
have noplural form.
just add an-s.
pastel (pastry) - pastis
corao (heart) - coraes
mo (hand) - mos
co (dog) - ces
nibus
(bus)
culos(glasses)
arroz (rice)
pra (pear) -pras
ma(apple) -mas
guaran(soda) -guarans
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20. Possessive Adjectives
Singular Plural
Masc Fem Masc Fem
my meu minha meus minhas
your teu tua teus tuasyour/his/her/its seu sua seus suas
our nosso nossa nossos nossas
your seu sua seus suas
your/their dele dela deles delas
The possessive adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun that they describe.
21. To Do or Make
fazer - to do or make
eu fao ns fazemos
ele/ela/voc faz eles/elas/vocs fazem
22. Work and School
doctordentist
lawyerprofessorteacherengineerarchitectwriterjournalistmusicianpainterpharmacistbanker
carpenterbarbermechanicsalesmanelectricianpostmanpolicemansoldier
mdicodentista
advogadoprofessorprofessorengenheiroarquitetoescritorjornalistamsicopintorfarmacuticobancrio
carpinteirobarbeiromecnicovendedoreletricistacarteiropolicialsoldado
historymath
algebrageometrysciencephysicschemistryzoologybotanygeographymusicartdrawing
paintinglinguisticslanguages
histriamatemtica
lgebrageometriacinciafsicaqumicazoologiabotnicageografiamsicaartedesenho
pinturalingsticalnguas / idiomas
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pilotsecretarytypistnurse
pilotosecretriadigitadorenfermeira
23. Countries and Nationalities
Country Masculine (Feminine) Nationality
Germany Alemanha alemo (alem)
Argentina Argentina argentino(a)
Australia Austrlia australiano(a)
Bolivia Bolvia boliviano(a)
Canada Canad canadense
Columbia Colmbia colombiano(a)
Costa Rica Costa Rica costarriquenho(a)
Cuba Cuba cubano(a)
Chile Chile chileno(a)
China China chins(a)
Denmark Dinamarca dinamarqus / dinamarquesa
Ecuador Equador equatoriano(a)
Egypt Egito egpcio(a)
Spain Espanha espanhol(a)
United States Estados Unidos (norte) americano(a)France Frana francs(a)
India ndia indiano(a)
England Inglaterra ingls (inglesa) / britnico (a)
Italy Itlia italiano(a)
Japan Japo japons (japonesa)
Mexico Mxico mexicano(a)
Norway Noruega noruegus(a) / norueguesa
Poland Polnia polaco(a) / polons (polonesa)
Portugal Portugal portugus / portuguesa
Russia Rssia russo(a)
South Africa frica do Sul (sul-)africano(a)
Sweden Sucia sueco(a)
24. To / In and From
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to a
from de
in em
Remember to use the prepositional contractions when a noun with an article follows thepreposition.
25. To Come and to Go
vir - to come ir - to go
eu venho ns vimos eu vou ns vamos
ele/ela/voc vem eles/elas/vocs vm ele/ela/voc vai eles/elas/vocs vo
26. Misc. Words
a lot muito always sempre
very much muitssimo everyday todos os dias
a little pouco now agora
very little pouqussimo usually usualmente
sometimes s vezes there a
well bem over there ali
after depois too bad muito mal
poorly mal
27. Conjugating Regular Verbs
Verbs in Portuguese end in -ar, -er or -ir. Before a verb is conjugated, it is called theinfinitive. Removing the last two letters gives you the stem of the verb (cantar is to sing,cant- is the stem.) To conjugate regular verbs in the present tense, add these endings tothe stems:
-ar -er -ir
o amos o emos o imosa am e em e em
Remember that verbs do not require the subject pronouns, so just canto means I sing.Here are some more regular verbs:
-ar verbs -er verbs -ir verbs
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danar to dance aprender to learn convir to convey
desejar to desire comer to eat partir to leave
escutar to listen correr to run imprimir to print
estudar to study ler to read
falar to speak vender to sellpraticar to practice beber to drink
tomar to take compreender to understand
viajar to travel
To make sentences negative, simply put no in front of the verb.
28. Reflexive Verbs
The subject and the object are the same with reflexive verbs - the subject acts upon itself.A reflexive verb in Portuguese will be marked with -se attached to the end of the
infinitive. These verbs are conjugated like regular verbs, except the reflexive pronounagrees with case and gender and precedes the verb when not used in the infinitive form.Reciprocal verbs are the same as reflexive except the action passes from one person to
another. It can only be used in the first and third person plural forms. Reflexive verbssometimes use the "-self" forms in English, while the reciprocal verbs use "each other."
Reflexive Pronouns
mese nosse
Some common reflexive verbs:
deitar-se - to go to bedbanhar-se - to bathe oneselfcasar-se - to get marrieddespedir-se - to farewelllevantar-se - to risesentar-se - to sit down
vestir-se - to dress oneselfatrever-se - to darequeixar-se - to complain
29. Object Pronouns
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The object pronouns are used when you're talking about someone or something that is notthe subject of an action, and are placed together with the verb. If -lo/-la/-los/-las comeafter a verb in the infinitive, you take off the -r of the verb, and put an acute accent ().
Object Pronouns
me-lo / -la / -lhe
nos-los / -las / -lhes
Ex:
Vou dizer-lhe a verdade. I will tell you the truth
Vou apresent-lo (inf: apresentar) a voc. I will introduce him to you
In everyday speech you can put the object pronoun in front of the verb, but it's wrong towrite it this way. Examples:
Me diga se estou certo. Tell me if I'm right
Diga-me se estou certo. Tell me if I'm right
30. Irregular Verbs
For the irregular verbs, you better learn by heart when you learn them. There's no rule orpattern to follow, but don't be nervous, they are fewer in number than the regular verbs.
dizer (to say) ir (to go) pedir (to ask)eu digoele/ela/vocdiz
ns dizemoseles/elas/vocsdizem
eu vouele/ela/vocvai
ns vamoseles/elas/vocsvo
eu peoele/ela/vocpede
ns pedimoseles/elas/vocspedem
31. Impersonal "se"
It shows that an action is made by an indefinite person. It's common, but not simple. Youcan use other resources to make the same sentence. See the difference below:
Aqui se faz, aqui se paga. Here it's done, here it's paid (Brazilian proverb).
O que feito aqui, pago aqui. What is done here, is paid here.
Faz-se necessria a mudana. The change is made necessary.
Precisamos mudar isso. We need to change it.
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Quando se saber? When will it be known?
Quando saberemos? When will we know?
32. Pretrito Perfeito
The pretrito perfeito tense expresses an action in the past. It is used to describe eventsthat are finished or complete. It is formed by adding these endings to the infinitive stem.
-ar verbs -er verbs -ir verbs
-ei-ou
-amos-aram
-i-eu
-emos-eram
-i-iu
-imos-iram
Vivi em Portugal por dois anos. I lived in Portugal for two years.Eles falaram com as crianas. They spoke with the children.
Quem comeu o bolo de chocolate? Who ate the chocolate cake?
33. Pretrito Imperfeito
The pretrito imperfeito tense expresses an action that used to happen but not anymore.
-ar verbs -er and -ir verbs
-ava-ava
-vamos-avam
-ia-ia
-amos-iam
Vivia em Portugal dois anos. I used to live in Portugal for two years.Eles falavam com as crianas. They used to speak with the children.Quem comia bolo de chocolate? Who used to eat chocolate cake?
34. Futuro do Pretrito
The futuro do pretrito tense is the conditional tense.
-ar -er and -ir verbs
-ria-ria
-ramos-riam
Eu a amaria. I would love her.Vocs comeriam o tomate? Would you eat the tomato?Ns partiramos mais cedo. We would leave earlier.
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35. Futuro do Presente
The futuro do presente is the simple future.
-ar -er and -ir verbs
-rei-r
-remos-ro
Ela far a lio. She will make the lesson.Vocs dirigiro at sua casa? Will you drive to your house (or home)?Ns deixaremos ele ir. We will let him go.
Note: In everyday speech, the future tense is not used. Instead, in Brazil we use the formir (to go) + infinitive of the verb. See the difference below:
Ela vai fazer a lio. She will make the lesson.
Vocs vo dirigir at sua casa? Will you drive to your house (or home)?Ns vamos deixar ele (or deix-lo) ir. We will let him go.
36. Food and Meals
breakfastlunchsupperdinnermealfoodbreadrollbuttermeatfishvegetablesfruitcheesecrackerscandy
sandwichice cream
caf da manh / desjejumalmooceiajantarrefeiocomidapopo francs (or mdia)manteigacarnepeixevegetais (verduras / legumes*)frutaqueijobolachadoce
sanduchesorvete
tableclothnapkinforkknifespoonplate, dishglasscupsaltsaltshakerpepperpepper shakersugarsugar bowlvinegarcoffeepot
teapottray
toalha de mesaguardanapogarfofacacolherpratocopotaasalsaleiropimentapimenteiroacaraucareirovinagrecafeteira
bulebandeja
Note: verduras are all kind of leaves (like lettuce) and legumes are all other vegetables(like tomato, potato, etc.)
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37. Gostar
In Portuguese, one who likes literally likes ofsomething, so you need to use thepreposition de (and the appropriate definite article if needed) after the verb gostar. Gostar
plus a noun means to like something. Literally, it means to please and takes an indirect
object, so the construction of the sentence will be different than that of English.
Eu gosto de I like Ns gostamos de we like
Ele/ela/voc gosta de he/she/you like Eles/elas/vocs gostam de they/you like
Eu gosto de flores. I like flowers. (Note: If you like specific flowers, you say: Eu gostodas flores or Eu gosto destas flores)Eu gosto da casa. We like the house.No gosto (disso). I don't like it.Voc gosta (disso)? Do you like it?
38. Fruits, Vegetables and Meats
apple ma lettuce alface ham presunto
orange laranja cabbage couve bacon bacon / toucinho
banana banana cauliflower couve-flor chicken frango
grapefruit toranja aspargus aspargo turkey peru
lemon limo spinach espinafre lobster lagostapeach pssego tomato tomate water gua
fig figo bean feijo soda refrigerantegrape uva rice arroz wine vinho
pear pra carrot cenoura pork porco
plum amora turnip nabo pancake panquecacherry cereja onion cebola corn milho
pineapple abacaxi cucumber pepino sauce molho
melon melo artichoke alcachofra pasta macarro
watermelon melancia eggplant berinjela* beet beterraba
strawberry morango radish rabanete egg ovo
raspberry framboesa broccoli brcolis cake boloblackberry jaboticaba pepper pimenta pie torta
beef bife garlic alho ice cream sorvete
sausage salsicha potato batata passion fruit maracuj
Note: Eggplant is beringela in Portugal.
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39. To Drink
beber - to drink tomar - to drink
bebobebe
bebemosbebem
tomotoma
tomamostomam
When you use beber, it usually refers to alcohol, but there's no problem if you specify thedrink after the verb. You can also say tomar o desjejum - to have the breakfast, butnever say tomar o almoo ortomar o jantar. For this purpose we have the verbs
almoar - to have lunch andjantar - to have dinner.
40. Commands
To form the imperative forms, you put these endings after the stem.
-ar -er or -ir
ele/ela/voc -e -a
eles/elas/vocs -em -am
Fale! = Speak!Coma! = Eat!
No coma! = Don't eat!
Ir and ser have irregular forms as formal commands: v and vo for ir and seja andsejam for ser.
41. More Negatives
To make sentences negative, you place no before the verb. Other negatives may precedeor follow the verb, but if they follow, they must follow a negative verb (a doublenegative). The word order is no + verb + negative. Example: Ele no gosta de nada! Hedoesnt like anything!
nadaningumnenhum(a)tampouconemnem...nemnem sequernunca, jamais
nothing, (not) anythingnobody, (not) anybodyno, noneneither, eithernorneither... nornot evennever, ever
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Nunca means ever when it follows a comparative; jamais means ever when it follows anaffirmative verb.
42. Holiday Phrases
Feliz Natal Merry ChristmasFeliz Ano Novo Happy New YearFeliz Pscoa Happy Easter
Feliz Aniversrio Happy Birthday
Brazilian National Anthem
by Osrio Duque Estrada
Ouviram do Ipiranga s margensplcidasDe um povo herico o bradoretumbanteE o sol da liberdade em raios flgidosBrilhou no cu da ptria nesseinstanteSe o penhor desta igualdadeConseguimos conquistar com braosfortesEm teu seio, liberdade
Desafia o nosso peito prpria morte ptria amada, idolatrada, salvesalve!Brasil, de um sonho intenso um raiovvidoDe amor e de esperana terra desceSe em teu formoso cu risonho elmpidoA imagem do Cruzeiro resplandeceGigante pela prpria naturezas belo, s forte, impvido colosso
Se em teu futuro espelha essagrandeza ptria amadaEntre outras mil s tu Brasil, ptriaamadaDos filhos deste solo s me gentilPtria amada, Brasil!
It was heard from the calm borders of the Ipiranga(river)The loud scream from a heroic peopleAnd the sun of liberty in light raysShone in the sky of the land in that instantIf the gift of the equalityWith strong arms we could conquerIn thy breast, oh libertyChallenges our breast to our own deathO beloved land, worshiped, save save!Brazil, a living ray of an intense dream
Of love and hope comes down to the earthIf in thy beautiful and clear skyThe image of the Cruzeiro (group of stars) appearsGiant for its own natureThou art beautiful, strong and hugeIf in thy future is shown this grandiosityO beloved landAmong other thousand, thou art BrazilThou art kind mother of the children of this landO beloved land Brazil!
Lying forever in a rich cradleHearing the sound of the sea and seeing the deepblue of thy skyThou art blessed o Brazil, flower of AmericaAnd lighten by the sun of the new worldOur land has more fruitsThy fields has more flowersOur forests has more lives
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Deitado eternamente em beroesplndidoAo som do mar e luz do cuprofundoFulguras, Brasil, floro da Amrica
Iluminado ao sol do novo mundoDo que a terra, mais garrida!Teus risonhos lindos campos tmmais floresNossos bosques tm mais vida!Nossa vida em teu seio mais amores ptria amada, idolatrada, salvesalve!Brasil, de um sonho eterno sejasmboloO lbaro que ostentas estrelado
E diga ao verde-louro desta flmulaPaz no futuro e glria no passadoMas se ergues da justia a clava forteVers que um filho teu no foge lutaNem teme quem te adora a prpriamorteTerra adoradaEntre outras mil s tu Brasil, ptriaamadaDos filhos deste solo s me gentil
Ptria amada, Brasil!
Our lives in thy breast have more loveO beloved land, worshiped, save save!Brazil, be the symbol of a great dreamThe starful flag that thou hangstAnd tell to the deep green of this flagPeace in the future and glory in the pastBut if thou rises the clave of justiceYou'll see that no child of yours leaves the battleAnd who loves you has no fear even death
Beloved land!Among other thousand, thou art BrazilThou art kind mother of the children of this landO beloved land Brazil!
Portuguese National Anthem
Heris do mar, nobre povo,Nao valente, e imortal,Levantai hoje de novoO esplendor de Portugal!Entre as brumas da memria, Ptria sente-se a vozDos teus egrgios avs,
Que h-de guiar-te vitria!
s armas, s armas!Sobre a terra, sobre o mar,s armas, s armas!Pela Ptria lutarContra os canhes marchar, marchar!
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Desfralda a invicta Bandeira, luz viva do teu cu!Brade a Europa terra inteira:Portugal no pereceuBeija o solo teu jucundo
O Oceano, a rugir d'amor,E teu brao vencedorDeu mundos novos ao Mundo!
s armas, s armas!Sobre a terra, sobre o mar,s armas, s armas!Pela Ptria lutarContra os canhes marchar, marchar!
Saudai o Sol que desponta
Sobre um ridente porvir,Seja o eco de uma afrontaO sinal do ressurgir.Raios dessa aurora forteSo como beijos de me,Que nos guardam, nos sustm,Contra as injrias da sorte.
s armas, s armas!Sobre a terra, sobre o mar,s armas, s armas!Pela Ptria lutarContra os canhes marchar, marchar!