3C 186 A Luminous Quasar in the Center of a Strong Cooling Core Cluster at z>1
Aneta SiemiginowskaCfA
Tom Aldcroft (CfA)Steve Allen (Stanford)Jill Bechtold (Arizona)Doug Burke (CfA)Tracy Clarke (NRL)
Teddy Cheung (NRL)Giulia Migliori (CfA)Malgorzata Sobolewska (CfA)Diana Worrall (Bristol)
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
Outline
• 3C 186 X-ray Cluster • 3C 186 Radio-Loud Quasar • Quasar - Cluster Interactions• Papers: * 2010, ApJ, 722, 102 - “High-redshift X-ray Cooling-core Cluster Associated with
the Luminous Radio-loud Quasar 3C 186”, Siemiginowska, Burke, Aldcroft, Worrall, Allen, Bechtold, Clarke, Cheung * 2005 ApJ, 632, 110, Siemiginowska et al.
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
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Chandra- blue, Gemini -yellow
Cluster Image - CXC Release
X-rays
Optical
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2010/3c186/
October 26, 2010
3C 186
z=1.0671arcsec = 8.2 kpc
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
3C 186: X-ray Cluster
• Chandra ACIS-S • 200 ksec in 4 exposures• Radial extent ~280 kpc
Radius
qso
cluster
2D Models: circular = 0.48 ±0.17
Rcore = 3.06±0.25 = 25.0±2.5 kpc
Elliptical Models => 28 kpc
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
Extract spectra from annuli.Fit spectra of annuli with thermal model => use deproject in Sherpa
X-ray Cluster: Physical Parameters
temp
density
entropy
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
NFW model parameters: concentration => c1=7.4 (+2.8/-2.3) scale => rs=120 (+70/-40) kpc velocity dispersion c=780 (+90/-60) km/s r2500 = 283 (+18/-13) kpc
Surface Brightness fitting results:
= 0.480.17Rcore = 282 kpc
Central density = 0.08 cm-3
Cluster Mass M(r2500) = 1.02(+0.21/-0.14) * 1014 Msun
Gas mass fraction =0.129 (+0.015/-0.016)
Cluster LuminosityL(0.5-2 keV)= 4.60.28*1044 erg/s
3C 186 X-ray Cluster
Luminous and Massive Cluster at z~1Fgas typical for low z clusters - (no evolution?)
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
Density Profile
Cooling time: < 5e8 years Cooling rate: ~ 400190 Msun / year
Heat supply to the cluster?
3C186 Cooling Core Cluster
1.7±0.2*109yr
7.5±2.6*108 yr
Cooling Time Profile
Cluster Core: small Rcore~28 kpc ne ~0.08 cm-3
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
3C186 Cluster Core: Rcore~30 kpc
Cooling time: < 3e8 years Cooling rate: ~ 460 Msun/year
Heat supply to the cluster?
Cooling Time Profile
Cooling Core Clusters
Russell et al 2010
3C186
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
3C 186 RL Quasar in the Cluster
• Massive Black Hole:=> 3.2e9 MsunCIV FWHM (Kuraszkiewicz et al 2002)
=> 5.5e9 MsunSDSS (Shen et al 2011)
• Strong UV Big Blue Bump LBBB = 5.7x1046 erg/s
• Luminous in X-rays LX(2-10 keV) ~ 1.2x1045 erg/s
• Accretion Rate: L/LEdd ~ 0.25
Requires 10 Msun/year
This is a small fraction (< 3%) of the total cooling rate of the cluster.
3C186 SED compared to the SED typical
For a radio-loud QSO in Elvis et al 1994
ChandraBBB
CSS
R-L SED
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
3C 186: Radio Source
2 arcsec
Chandra
2 arcsec
core
VLA 1.5 GHz
VLA 15 GHz
Compact Radio Source CSS Projected Size: 2 arcsec ~16 kpcRadio peaks:
0.3 GHz L(radio) ~1046 erg/s
Young Radio Source! Age: ~5e5 yrs (Murgia et al 1999)
RS size < 30 kpc
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
2 arcsec
Quasar Impact• Jet and Radio Source Power?
Pressure in Radio Lobes => 10-8 erg/cm3
Pressure of thermal gas => 10-10 erg/cm3
Overpressured expansion - strong shock Instantenous jet power:
pdV ~ 1058 ergs (under-estimated)
RS age 5x105 years => Ljet = 1.7x1045 erg/s
Jet Power using Sradio(151 MHz) = 6x10-24 erg/s/cm2/Hz and based on Willot et al (1999) => Ljet = 1046 erg/s
Modeling of the jet SED (see Giulia Migliori poster)=> Ljet > 1047 erg/s
• Quasar Radiation Power => Lrad = 6x1046 erg/s
RS Compact!
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
Cluster Heating?• M (Rcore=45 kpc) = 3x1011 Msun
• Eheat (core) ~ (1keV/1GeV) Mcorec2 => 6x1059 erg
• Core Cooling time => 7x108 years => Needs a supply of E~ 2.7x1043 erg/s
=> Only a fraction of QSO energy to heat the cluster
• Quasar Lbol ~1047 erg/s
• Jet Power ~ 1046 erg/s=> enough to heat the gas in 5e5 year
• Ljet (1046-47 erg) ~ Lradiation (1047) erg
• Quasar role?
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
Quasar Impact: Non-thermal particles
Sobolewska et al
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
Summary• X-ray Luminous massive cluster at high redshift.• Luminous Quasar located in a center of this
massive X-ray cluster.• Cluster exhibits a strong cooling flow• Ljet ~ Lradiation
• Quasar mode could be important for this cluster heating
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
Quasars in Clusters• Powerful RL quasars in Rich Environments
Ellingson & Yee ‘90; Ellingson, Green & Yee ‘90, Smith & Heckman’90
• Search for X-ray clusters by ROSAT
Worrall et al ‘94 Hall et al ‘95, ‘97, Crawford et al ‘99 • Diffuse X-ray emission can also be associated with CMB from radio lobes,
relic, jets Cellotti & Fabian 04, Crawford & Fabian ‘03, Croston et al ‘05, Worrall et al ‘04
• Detecting X-ray emission from thermal cluster gas is Challenging and requires Chandra!
• Majority of nearby clusters host a low power FRI radio source.
• But there are examples of X-ray clusters associated with powerful radio
sources at lower redshift (e.g. Cygnus A, 3C295 see also poster by Ania Szostek)
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
Extract spectra from 7 annuli. Check for Quasar ContaminationFit spectra of the annuli with thermal model
=> use deproject in Sherpa
Spectral Modeling
Clusters , Boston July 2011 Aneta Siemiginowska
Quasar Contamination?
• Simulate PSF - assumed
quasar spectrum of =1.9
• Fit the simulated PSF spectra
for the same regions
• Include a non-deprojected
component in the spectral
model for each cluster region
- simple in Sherpa
• Innermost annulus most affected
fit indicates lower temperatures
kT=2.54 (+1.02/-0.57)