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2.2 Properties of Water TEKS 4B, 9A
The student is expected to:
4B investigate and explaincellular processes, includinghomeostasis, energy conversions,transport of molecules, andsynthesis of new molecules and9A compare the structures andfunctions of different types ofbiomolecules, includingcarbohydrates, lipids, proteins, andnucleic acids
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2.2 Properties of Water TEKS 4B, 9A
KEY CONCEPTWater’s unique properties allow life to exist on Earth.
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2.2 Properties of Water TEKS 4B, 9A
OHH
_
++
Life depends on hydrogen bonds in water.Water is a polar molecule.
– Polar molecules have slightly charged regions.
– Nonpolar molecules do not have charged regions.– Hydrogen bonds form between slightly positive hydrogen atoms and slightly negative atoms.
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2.2 Properties of Water TEKS 4B, 9A
Hydrogen bonds are responsible for three important properties of water.
– high specific heat– cohesion– adhesion
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2.2 Properties of Water TEKS 4B, 9A
Many compounds dissolve in water.A solution is formed when one substance dissolves in another.– A solution is a homogeneous mixture.– Solvents dissolve other substances.– Solutes dissolve in a solvent.
solution
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2.2 Properties of Water TEKS 4B, 9A
“Like dissolves like.”
– Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes.– Nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes.– Polar substances and nonpolar substances generally
remain separate.
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2.2 Properties of Water TEKS 4B, 9A
Some compounds form acids or bases.An acid releases a hydrogen ion when it dissolves in
water.– high H+ concentration– pH less than 7
more acidic
stomach acid pH between 1 and 3
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2.2 Properties of Water TEKS 4B, 9A
A base removes hydrogen ions from a solution.
– low H+ concentration– pH greater than 7
bile pH between 8 and 9
more basic
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2.2 Properties of Water TEKS 4B, 9A
A neutral solution has a pH of 7.
pure water pH 7