2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 1
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Portable - Pipelines
Chris Christopoulos, Jr.Lebanon Fire DepartmentLebanon, NH
Responding to Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Portable - Pipelines
Bio – Chris Christopoulos, Jr.
Chris Christopoulos, Jr. is a 34 year veteran of fire service and is currently the Fire Chief and Emergency Management Director for the City of Lebanon, New Hampshire. Chris chairs the Hanover-Lebanon Local Emergency Planning Committee, Regional Hazardous Materials Response Team, and represents the New Hampshire Fire Chiefs on the Governor’s Advisory Council on Preparedness and Security. Chris is the author of a white paper, Portable Pipelines for Emergency Responders (www.portable-pipelines.com), and has delivered training on portable pipelines and bulk highway cargo tank transportation for over 1000 emergency responders throughout the United States.
Chris is a graduate of Mount Wachusett Community College in Garner, MA with an Associates of Fire Science, Granite State College in Concord, NH with a Bachelor’s of Science in Emergency Services Management, and the Naval Post Graduate School, Center for Homeland Defense and Security in Monterey, CA with a Master of Arts in Security Studies.
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INTRODUCTION
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 2
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Course Objectives Given a scenario / P-P container the responder shall identify the container using the
Container Awareness Card:
Container Type
Name / Class
Identify the materials it could be carrying
Identify hazard class found in the container
Capacity weight / volume / pressure
Given a scenario / container the responder shall identify the Portable Pipeline container:
Markings on the container
Operating valves / mechanisms
Emergency valve, shutoffs or pressure relief devices on the container
Methods for determining the pressure in the containers
The amount of lading remaining in damaged containers (if possible)
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Course Objectives
Given a scenario / P-P container the responder shall be able to notify the appropriate owner of the Portable Pipeline container.
Given a scenario the responder shall identify the components and safety features of a CNG Bulk Compression Station (Mother Station).
Given a scenario the responder shall identify the components and safety features of a CNG Bulk Decompression Station (Daughter Station).
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Portable Pipeline
Sometimes called a Virtual Pipeline, is method for supplying natural gas to areas not serviced by a traditional pipeline.
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Supply
StorageDecompression
CNG Portable Pipeline
Compression Transport
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Portable Pipeline - Advantages
Why use a portable pipeline?
Abundance
Low Cost
General – 30-40%
High Horsepower – 50-70%
Reduced CO2 Emissions
18% less than propane
38% less than fuel oil
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Portable Pipeline Applications- Hospital
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 4
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Portable Pipeline - Industrial
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Portable Pipeline - Industrial
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Portable Pipeline – High Horsepower Equipment
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Portable Pipeline – Small Retail
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Components of a
Portable Pipeline
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StorageDecompression
CNG Portable Pipeline
Supply Compression Transport
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Supply
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Compression Station
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Compression Station
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Northeast Bulk CNG Compressor Stations
Baileyville, Maine (active)
Bangor, ME (active)
Eliot, Maine (active)
Milton, Vermont (active)
Pembroke, NH (active)
Manheim, NY (active)
Concord, NH (not active)
Worcester, MA (not active)
Montoursville, PA (not active)
Concord, NH (not active)
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CNG – Highway Cargo Tanks
Type I Cylinder Trailer
Type II Cylinder Trailer
Type III Cylinder Trailer/Module
Type IV Cylinder Trailer/Module
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Bulk CNG End User Sites
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Northeast CNG End User Sites
1st End User sites
March 2013 – Putney, VT (NGA)
May 2013 – Presque isle, me (XNG)
11
710
1
32
2
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CNG Decompression – Daughter Station
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CNG Decompression – Daughter Station
High Temperature Glycol Heater
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG Decompression – Daughter Station
Natural Gas Heater
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CNG Decompression – Daughter Station
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CNG Decompression – Daughter Station
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Type I & Type II Cylinder Trailer
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CNG - Type I Tube Trailer
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CNG - Type I Tube Trailer
High Pressure Steel Cylinders
Tubes are 22 inches in diameter and 36 feet long
Normal Operating Pressure 2,400 to 3,299 psi
Wall thickness between .510 and .647 inches
Capacity 179,221 Standard cubic feet (8 tube configuration)
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG - Type I Tube Trailer
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CNG - Type I Tube Trailer
Pressure relief devices are located at the front of the trailer on each cylinder.
PRD’s have a burst disc that will rupture 5/3 of maximum working pressure –approximately 4,589 psi
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CNG - Type I Tube Trailer
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG - Type I Tube Trailer
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CNG - Type I Tube Trailer
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CNG – Type II Cylinder Trailer
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – Type II Cylinder Trailer
Cylinder has a wall thickness of .401 inches.
Capacity
10 tube = 257,225 standard cubic feet (80,000 # GVW)
12 tube = 333,489 standard cubic feet (100,000 # GVW)
Operating Pressure 3,600 PSI
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CNG – Type II Cylinder Trailer
Pressure relief devices are located at the front of the trailer on each cylinder.
PRD’s have a burst disc that will rupture 5/3 of maximum working pressure – approximately 6,012 psi
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CNG – Type II Cylinder Trailer
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Type III Cylinder Trailer
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CNG – Type III Cylinder Trailer
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CNG – Type III Cylinder Trailer
Aluminum Cylinder wound with Carbon Fiber
POD’s contain 30 Cylinders
5 POD’s per trailer = 150 cylinders
POD’s are connected to a main trailer manifold
Total Capacity 440,700 standard cubic feet
Cylinders 14” diameter x 9’ long
Normal Operating Pressure 3600 psi @ 59°F
Maximum Working Pressure 3,600 to 7,500 psi
Hydro testing every 5 years
Service Life 15 years
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – Type III Cylinder Trailer
Rear View – Open Doors
Rear View – Closed Doors
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CNG – Type III Cylinder Trailer
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CNG – Type III Cylinder Trailer
Main Manifold
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – Type III Cylinder Trailer
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CNG – Type III Cylinder Trailer
Pressure Relief Device – Burst Disk
Pressure Relief Device – Vents
PRD’s activate at 5/3 MAWP (6,012 psi)PRD’s Vent into the frame of the POD
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CNG – Type III Cylinder Trailer
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Type IV Cylinder Module
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CNG – Type IV Cylinder Module
High Density Polyethylene Liner wrapped in an epoxy carbon fiber outer shell
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CNG – Type IV Cylinder Module
Hexagon Lincoln TITAN™ Module
4 cylinders – 42.5” in diameter x 38.5’ long
Normal Operating Pressure –3,600 psi @ 59°F
Module Capacity 355,440 standard cubic feet
8,938 Gallon Water Capacity
Must always maintain minimum of 100 psi
Hexagon Lincoln TITAN™ Module
Hydro testing every 5 years
Service Life of 15 years (extendable to 30 years)
Equipped with an “Emergency Thermal Venting System”
Pressure Relief Valve
Burst Disks
140 in United States – 470 Worldwide
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
TITAN™ Module Mounted on Flatbed without side panels
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
TITAN™ Module Mounted on Flatbed with side panels
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Compass Natural Gas Partners - TITAN™ Module panels
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Natural Gas Advantage - TITAN™ Module panels
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Xpress Natural Gas TITAN™ Module
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
“Fire Protection” System (Emergency Thermal Venting System)
Invented by Erick Girouard, Emcara Development Corp, Canada
Wire “trigger” system – contracts at 226°F
System vents all cylinders simultaneously
45 – 60 minutes for a “full module”
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Location of ETVS Wire
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
ETVS System Actuator
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CNG – TITAN™ Module (pre 2014)
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – TITAN™ Module 2015
TITAN™ Bias Actuated Valve
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CNG – TITAN™ EVTS Venting
Cannot be stopped
45 – 60 minutes
¾” Vent Ports
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Rear Burst Disc
4750 psi
Removed as of early 2016
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Burst Disks
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Pressure Relief Valve
Only active during loading & offloading
Activates at 4500 psi
Reseats at 4200 psi
Pressure Relief Valve
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Pressure Relief Valve
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Front Flange
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Titan™ 5 Trailer
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Titan™ 5 Trailer
None in currently in service in US
40 ft. 40 ft. Magnum 40 ft. Magnum+
4 – 40 ft. Titan Tanks 4 – 40 ft. Titan Tanks 4 – 40 ft. Titan Tanks
1 – 30 ft. Titan Tank 1 – 30 ft. Titan Tank 1 – 30 ft. Titan Tank
0 TUFFSHELL Tanks 8 TUFFSHELL Tanks 9 TUFFSHELL Tanks
424,513 scf CNG 462,177 scf CNG 466,885 scf CNG
Loaded weight 64,676 lb Loaded weight 69,359 lb Loaded weight 69,960 lb
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Titan™ XL
Approx. 525,000 standard cubic feet of CNG
3,600 psi
Venting time = 1 hour
Several in use in Mexico
Expected USDOT Special Permit – fall 2016
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CNG – TITAN™ 1st Responder Challenges No Thermal or Remote Shutdown
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Remote Shut Down - Pneumatic
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Thermal Valve
Only on trailers equipped with the pneumatic remote shut down.
Will also activate if the blue fusible link is subjected to 336°F
This will stop the flow to the main manifold.
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New Hampshire Requirements
New rear view with thermal valve
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Remote Shut Down - Mechanical
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Air Brake Interlock
Not a standard feature
Prohibits trailer movement when rear doors are open
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CNG – TITAN™ Module – XNG Brake Interlock
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Break Away Hose Fittings
Not standard – must be ordered as an add on feature
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Hose Break Protection
XNG
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Hose Break Protection
NGA
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Bonding and Grounding
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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1st Responder Challenges
CNG – Mother and Daughter Sites
Methane Detectors
25% of LEL
50% of LEL
PPM
No specific Fire Code Requirements
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1st Responder Challenges
CNG – End User Site – Plymouth State University
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1st Responder Challenges
Flame Detection
Some sites may be equipped with infrared flame detectors
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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1st Responder Challenges Remote Master Stream Devices
Some local jurisdictions required the installation of remotely operable master stream devices.
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CNG – TITAN™ 1st Responder Challenges
Identification
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CNG – TITAN™ Module
Vents along top of box on both sides
Bureau of International Containers Code
LCIU
Lincoln Composites Incorporated
U – tank type container
1st Numbers – Serial Number
2nd Number (in box) – Check Digit
3rd Numbers/Letters – Container Size
4 = 40 feet long
0 = 8 feet high
T = Tank Container
9 = Minimum Pressure TBD
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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CNG – TITAN™ 1st Responder Challenges
Venting
Cannot be stopped
45 – 60 minutes
¾” Vent Ports
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CNG –1st Responder Challenges
XNG Operating CNG Fueled Tractors
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Response Considerations
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Response Considerations
Gas Release
Natural Gas is lighter than air
Mercaptan may separate from venting gas and is heavier than air
Venting cylinders can be recognized by high pitched gas release noise
Rapid Decompression can create extremely cold temperatures & static electricity
Use of water to control vapors may freeze vent ports or increase rate of decompression
Control potential ignition sources
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Response Considerations
Leak with No Fire Isolate 330 feet in all
directions
Evacuate ½ mile downwind
Leak with Fire Isolate 330 feet in all
directions
Evacuate 1 mile downwind
Isolation and Evacuation – based on ERG Guide 115
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Response Consideration
Up-righting Module
Controlled Venting
2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies
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Chris Christopoulos, Jr.
Lebanon Fire Department
(603) 448-8810
www.portable-pipelines.com
www.energyemergencies.com