![Page 1: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
17.1 Electric Chargepp.
Mr. Richter
![Page 2: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Agenda
Warm-Up
Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism
Explore Van de Graaff Generator
Notes: Electric Charge Transfer of Electric Charge
Conductors and Insulators Methods of Charging
![Page 3: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Objectives: We Will Be Able To…
Understand the basic properties of electric charge.
Differentiate between conductors and insulators.
Distinguish between charging by contact, charging by induction, and charging by polarization.
![Page 4: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Warm-Up:
When you feel an electric shock, what do you think is happening? Why does this occur?
![Page 5: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Electric Charge
![Page 6: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Electricity at an Atomic Level
All matter has electric charge because it contains:
protons (positive charge), and
electrons (negative charge)
Most moving charge comes from electrons because they: are smaller and lighter on the outside of
atoms
![Page 7: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Electric Charge
Like magnets like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract.
![Page 8: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Electric Charge
Electric charge is conserved. If an object gives electrons to
another object, it becomes more positively charged while
the other object becomes negatively charged.
Losing electrons = more positive
Gaining electrons = more negative In the picture above, the balloon gains electrons from the woman’s hair.
![Page 9: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Quantifying Electric Charge
Because charge comes from the transfer of electrons, all amounts of charge are multiples of the charge of an electron (e).
Charge (q) is measured in Coulombs [C]. electron: -1.60 x 10-19 C proton: 1.60 x 10-19 C neutron: 0 C
A charge of -1.0 C (1/e) contains 6.2 x 1018 electrons. Therefore, 1 Coulomb is a HUGE amount of charge. A lightning bolt has a charge of about 25 C.
![Page 10: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Transfer of Charge
![Page 11: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Conductors and Insulators
Conductors allow electrons to flow freely through them. Charge is easily distributed through
the material evenly. Most metals.
Insulators inhibit the flow of electrons. Excess charge has nowhere to go,
and remains on the surface. Glass, rubber, silk, plastic…
![Page 12: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Charging by Contact
When two materials are rubbed together, like balloons and hair, electrons are physically knocked off the hair onto the balloon.
This is charging by contact.
Conductors that are charged quickly become neutral unless protected by an insulator. Think copper rod with a rubber
handle. Or screwdrivers.
![Page 13: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Charging by Induction
If an object is grounded, it can be charged by induction. No electrons transfer between the objects.
Excess electrons flee to the ground when a charged object is brought nearby, leaving a positive charge.
This is induction. The charge is induced on the object.
![Page 14: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Polarization
A surface charge can be induced in insulators.
The electrons can’t flow, but they can turn away. This is polarization.
This is why a charged balloon can stick to a wall (but not a metal doorknob).
![Page 15: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Wrap-Up: Did we meet our objectives?
Understand the basic properties of electric charge.
Differentiate between conductors and insulators.
Distinguish between charging by contact, charging by induction, and charging by polarization.
![Page 16: 17.1 Electric Charge pp. Mr. Richter. Agenda Warm-Up Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Explore Van de Graaff Generator Notes: Electric](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062718/56649e765503460f94b776d8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Homework
p. 633 #1, 3-5