What are the postulates of the Kinetic molecular theory?
Gases are made of small particles Take up little volume compared with
the volume of the container Move in straight lines Have no attractive or repulsive forces
(mostly) Elastic collisions Average kinetic energy = temp.
The random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is:
Diffusion
Is temperature directly or inversely proportional to pressure according to gay lussacs law?
Directly
Calculate: if a balloon has an original volume of 1.5L at STP, what is the new pressure inside the balloon when it is compressed to 1.0L?
1,140mmHg
Calculate: if the initial volume of a balloon is 1.5L at standard pressure and room temp (25°C). What will the new volume of the balloon be when the temp drops to 3°C?
1,140mmHg
Calculate: 500mL sample of O2 gas at 760mmHg is compressed to 100mL what will the new pressure be?
3800mm Hg
Calculate: a sample of gas occupies 45.2mL at 720mm Hg. What is its volume at standard atmospheric pressure?
43mL
Calculate: A sample of oxygen is collected over water at a total pressure of 755 torr at 20°C. Calculate the pressure of oxygen, if water vapor has a partial pressure of 17.5 torr at 20°C.
737.5 torr
Calculate: What is the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in a mixture of hydrogen and helium if the total pressure is 600 mm Hg and the partial pressure of helium is 439 mm Hg?
161 mm Hg
Calculate: Find the total pressure for a mixture that contains four gases with partial pressures of 5.00 KPa, 4.46 KPa, 3.02 KPa, and 1.20 KPa.
13.78 KPa
Calculate: you have 5.00 L of helium in a balloon at 1.00 atm, if you decrease the volume to 2.00 L, what would your balloons pressure be?
2.5atm
Calculate: The pressure of a sample of helium is a 1.00L container is 0.988atm, what is the new pressure if the sample is placed in a 2.00L container?
0.494 atm
Calculate: A sample of neon gas occupies 0.220L at 0.860atm, what ill be it’s volume oat 29.2kPa pressure?
0.657L
Calculate: What is the volume of air in a balloon that occupies 0.620L at 25°C if the temperature is lowered to 0.00°C?
0.57L
Calculate: A gas at 89°C occupies a volume of 0.67L. At what Celsius temperature will the volume increase to 1.12L?
330°C
Calculate: A helium filled balloon at sea level has a volume of 2.1L at 0.998atm and 36°C. If it is raises to an elevation at which the pressure is 0.900atm and the temperature is 28°C, what will the new volume of the balloon be?
2.3L
Calculate: At 0.00°C and 1.00atm, a sample of gas occupies 30.0mL. If the temperature is increased to 30.0°C and the entire sample is transferred to a 20.0mL container, what will the gas pressure be inside the container?
1.66atm
calculate the number of moles of a gas contained in a 3.0L vessel at 300K with a pressure of 1.5atm
0.18mol = n
At what temperature would 2.10 moles of N2 gas have a pressure of 1.25 atm and in a 25.0 L tank?
181 K
What property of liquids allows water to travel up against gravity through small spaces?
Capillary action
Which attractive force, intermolecular force, is utilized by living systems to hold DNA together. Works like velcro?
Hydrogen bonds
Calculate: If the temperature of 34.4g of ethanol increases from 25.0°C to 78.8°C how much heat will be absorbed by ethanol? (cethanol = 2.44 j/g°C)
4520 J
Calculate: A 4.50g nugget of pure gold absorbed 276J of heat. What was the final temperature of the gold if the initial temperature was 25.0°C? (cgold = 0.129J/g°C)
500 °C
Calculate: the energy required to take a 5g block of ice from -100°C to 200°C if the specific heat of 4.18J/g°C and the heat of fusion is 4,100J/g and the heat of vaporization is 60,100J/g
327270J
Calculate: the energy required to take a 5g of water vapor from 100°C to -200°C if the specific heat of 4.18J/g°C and the heat of fusion is 4,100J/g and the heat of vaporization is 60,100J/g
-327270J