N.Suttiwong
04.12.2007:TELIS meeting
Status of 1.8 THz Channel TELIS (TErahertz and submm LImb Sounder)
byNopporn Suttiwong,
Remote Sensing Technology Institute, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 2
1.8 THz Channel (DLR)1.8 THz Channel (DLR)
Mixer: Hot Electron Bolometer (HEB)
Diplexer for coupling in LO
DSB mode
LO: solid state LO technology
Digital autocorrelator spectrometer
Preliminary design of the 1.8 THz ChannelPreliminary design of the 1.8 THz Channel
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 3
1.8 THz Receiver : Diplexer Characterization at 4 K1.8 THz Receiver : Diplexer Characterization at 4 K
Diplexer OverviewDiplexer Overview
1.8 THz channel in the filght module cryostat
MPI based Diplexer
Leakage is about 0.7%
Optimizing Adjustment
on absolute power
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 4
LO=16,96602 GHz
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800 6000
Frequency, MHzB
righ
tnes
s Te
mpe
ratu
re,K
5_16,96602:0x1410(HEBc):17.08
7_16,96602:0x1520(abs.P.):17.08
1.8 THz Receiver : Diplexer Characterization at 4 K1.8 THz Receiver : Diplexer Characterization at 4 K
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800 6000
Frequency, MHz
No
ise
Tem
per
atu
re, K
LO=1832,33 optimized with HEB's current
LO=1832,33 optimized with abs power
Comparison of NT spectrum and the calibrated spectrum measured from optimizing with HEB‘s current and the one optimized with absolute power
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 5
1.8 THz Receiver : Measurement Setup1.8 THz Receiver : Measurement Setup
Tow filter
Iceberg Amplifier
AutocorrelatorSpectrometer
LOHEB
Circulator4-6 GHz LNA
Diplexer
Polarizer
Flat mirror
300K Load
77K Load
Movable mirror
M
50 cm. 77K load
Methanal Gascell
Tow filter
Iceberg Amplifier
AutocorrelatorSpectrometerAutocorrelatorSpectrometer
LOHEB
Circulator4-6 GHz LNA
Diplexer
Polarizer
Flat mirror
300K Load300K Load
77K Load77K Load
Movable mirror
MM
50 cm. 77K load77K load
Methanal GascellMethanol Gascell
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 6
1.8 THz Receiver : Stability of receiver 1.8 THz Receiver : Stability of receiver
Integration time = 2 sec
~25 minutes measurement
Cooler at 10 K
LO: 1832.034 GHz
Absolute power from ACS (926 channels)
Standard deviation ~ +/- 0.4%
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 7
Noise temperature spectrum(across 2 GHz bandwidth)
measured in DSBmode
LO was tuned at 1830.214 GHz
Absolute NT ~2100 K
1.8 THz Receiver : System Noise Temperature Spectrum 1.8 THz Receiver : System Noise Temperature Spectrum
1500
1700
1900
2100
2300
2500
2700
4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800 6000
Frequency, MHz
No
ise
Tem
per
atu
re, K
From measurement on 29.11.2007
D:\TELIS\Measurement_results\2007\2730_11_2007_MicrowindowTHzCH\29_11_2007\ck_uWindows_reproducibility\2_c\ACS\mea2
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 8
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
4000 4500 5000 5500 6000
Frequency, MHz
Brig
htne
ss T
empe
ratu
re, K
The methanol spectrum measured in DSB mode
Measure Sequence : H-G-C-A-…
LO was tuned to 1.8428 THz
Sample gas : methanol
Cell length : 50 cm.
Window material : PE
1.8 THz Receiver : Methanol Spectrum 1.8 THz Receiver : Methanol Spectrum
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 9
Microwindow Selection for THz channelMicrowindow Selection for THz channel
* IF = 5 GHz
Species Line center/GHz LO range/GHz Sideband
OH 1834.75 1829.35-1830.25 USB
OH 1837.8 1842.70-1842.20 LSB
H2O 11 1880.75 1876.55-1875.65 USB
H2O 12 1815.85 1820.05-1820.85 LSB
H2O 13 1840.15 1834.70-1836.00 USB
H2O 14 1853.9 1858.10-1859.60 LSB
O2 2 1875.04 1870.04-1870.84 USB
HO2 1821.8 1817.40-1817.70 USB
CO 1841.36 1836.10-1836.56 USB
HCl 1873.40 1868.15-1869.05 USB
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 11
Atmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages
Why DSB mode on the first flight ?
SSB filter causes the extra standing wave in the system
SSB filter generates the audio-frequency at 4K
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 12
Microwindow Selection for THz channelMicrowindow Selection for THz channel
SPECIES PRIORITY Line center[GHz]
Line center[cm-1]
LO [GHz] Side Band
OH highest 1837,78 61,30 1832,78 USB
HO2 prefer. highest 1781,86 59,44 1786,81 LSB
HO2 highest 1821,83 60,77 1816,83 USB
O2 highest 1870,05 62,38 1875,05 LSB
NO middle 1853,59 61,83 1858,59 LSB
NO2 middle 1854,58 61,86 1859,58 LSB
HCl middle 1873,4 62,49 1868,4 LSB
H2O middle 1853,89 61,84 1858,69 LSB
O3 middle 1835,84 61,24 1830,84 USB
CO low 1841,36 61,42 1836,36 USB
HOCl low 1782,69 59,46 1777,82 USB
HOCl prefer. low 1772,82 59,14 1777,82 LSB
H2O2 low 1849,00 61,68 1844,00 USB
* IF = 5 GHz
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 13
1.8 THz receiver : NT Measurement1.8 THz receiver : NT Measurement
Power sensor
Iceberg Amplifier
Power meter
M
LOHEB
Circulator4-6 GHz LNA
Diplexer
Polarizer
Flat mirror
300K Load
77K Load
Movable mirror
Power sensor
Iceberg Amplifier
Power meter
MM
LOHEB
Circulator4-6 GHz LNA
Diplexer
Polarizer
Flat mirror
300K Load
77K Load
Movable mirror
TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 14
2,58
2,6
2,62
2,64
2,66
2,68
2,7
2,72
2,74
2,76
2,78
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Time, sPo
wer,
uW
The NT measurement (solid state LO)
0,52
0,54
0,56
0,58
0,6
0,62
0,64
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Time, s
Pow
er, u
W
The NT measurement (FIR laser)
TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages
1.8 THz Receiver : System Noise Temperature 1.8 THz Receiver : System Noise Temperature
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 15
1.8 THz channel Prerequirement1.8 THz channel Prerequirement
RadiometricRadiometric
Tsys: <600 K (RAL) <400 K (SRON) <6000 K (DLR)
Gain error: <1%
Offset error: <1 K
Baseline ripple: <0.1 K
SpectralSpectral
Resolution : <4 MHz
Range : 2 GHz (SRON, DLR) 4 GHz (RAL)
Accuracy : <2 MHz
AtmosphereAtmosphereAtmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 16
Development of 1.8 THz Channel in Testing Cryostat
Transfer 1.8 THz channel to the TELIS’s flight module cryostat
Software development for laboratory test
Software development (ground) for the post processing which will be used in campaign
Hardware :Hardware :
Software :Software :
Scientific work:Scientific work:
Characterization of 1.8 THz Channel in Testing/Flight Module Cryostat
Characterization of the TELIS’s IF backend
IF chain
Digital autocorrelator spectrometer
Analysis the measurement data from the first campaign (Teresina, Brasil : Nov 2007)
Focus-> OH ; Satellite validation of MLS/Aura
What to be achieved?What to be achieved?
TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 17
Optical bench
Window
Cryogenic THz channelCryogenic THz channel
Signal
TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 18
Cryogenic THz channelCryogenic THz channel
Polarizer
Polarizer
SSB filter
TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 19
Cryogenic THz channelCryogenic THz channel
Imaging Mirror
LO
SSB filter
TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 20
Cryogenic THz channelCryogenic THz channel
LO
HEB
Diplexer
Imaging Mirror
fIF(USB) = fS-fLO
or
fIF(LSB) = fLO-fS
SSB filter
TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 21
What has been done? / What to do more?What has been done? / What to do more?
TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 22
First Integration of TELIS with MIPAS (10- 21.04.2007):First Integration of TELIS with MIPAS (10- 21.04.2007):
““TELIS side view”TELIS side view”
TELISTELIS MIPAS-BMIPAS-BFlight module cryostatFlight module cryostat
Telescope,Telescope,Optical ModuleOptical ModuleAutocorrelator plateAutocorrelator plate
““TELIS with MIPAS”TELIS with MIPAS”
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 23
TV Test in Karlsruhe (10- 21.04.2007):TV Test in Karlsruhe (10- 21.04.2007):
““TELIS in Vacuum Chamber”TELIS in Vacuum Chamber”
Heat pipe and Black body
Analog/Digital RacksAutocorrelator Plate
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 24
Limb Sounding Measurement from balloon platform
Atmospheric profiles of molecular abundances, temperature, and pressure can be determined from the measured emission spectra.
Atmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 25
Software Development:Software Development:
PC104
HEB,LO,Dip,SSB,Telescope, etc.
ACS
DB
Server
SpectrumPost-
Processing
Raw DataRaw Data
CalibratedSpectra
TCP/IP
Balloon Ground
Autocorrelator calibration
Spectral post-processing
Quantization correction
Calibrating the raw spectra
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 26
TELIS instrument’s specificationTELIS instrument’s specification
RadiometricRadiometric
Tsys: <600 K (RAL) <400 K (SRON) <6000 K (DLR)
Gain error: <1%
Offset error: <1 K
Baseline ripple: <0.1 K
SpectralSpectral
Resolution : <4 MHz
Range : 2 GHz (SRON, DLR) 4 GHz (RAL)
Accuracy : <2 MHz
AtmosphereAtmosphereAtmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 27
Atmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test
Stability of THz channel systemStability of THz channel system
Ph.D Work packages
0,E+00
1,E-07
2,E-07
3,E-07
4,E-07
5,E-07
6,E-07
7,E-07
8,E-07
1720 1740 1760 1780 1800 1820 1840 1860 1880 1900
Frequency/GHz
Pow
er/W
Bolometer
Testing cryostat
A strong influence on the receiver stability comes from the LO source. The utilization of a solid state LO provides the better system stability of the THz channel. The coupling optics was carefully designed in order to provide sufficient LO power to drive the HEB mixer.
The output power of LO (measured by The output power of LO (measured by Bolometer)Bolometer)
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 28
Atmosphere Remote Sensing Measurement TELIS instrument Recently Test Ph.D Work packages
What has been done? / What to do more?What has been done? / What to do more?
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 29
TELIS Team
DLR Institut für PlanetenforschungHEB mixer for 1.8 THz channel
RAL Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, U.K.500 GHz channel, level 2 processing,cryostat design and fabrication
SRON Space Research Organisation of the Netherlands600 GHz channel, level 2 processing,optical design, HIFI technology
Chalmers University of Technology, SwedenHEB mixer for 1.8 THz channel, level 2 processing
Institut für Meteorologie und KlimaforschungForschungszentrum Karlsruhe
Gondola, consultancy
Institut für Umweltphysik, Uni BremenConsultancy
DLR Abteilung MORABAMicrocontroller, consultancy
Institut für MikrowellentechnikUniversität Bern, Switzerland
Consultancy optical design, heterodyne receiver,antenna profiles, spectrometer
DLR Institut für Methodik der FernerkundungPI, total system, 1.8 THz channel
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 30
TELIS instrument overviewLimb sounding technique
Balloon platform: height range 10-40 km, altitude resolution 2 km
TELIS consists of three channels: DLR : 1830 40 GHz
SRON : 600 – 660 GHz
RAL : 499 – 503 GHz
MIPAS &TELIS on the same platform
Species measured by TELIS
DLR : OH, HO2, HCl, NO, NO2, O3, H2O, O2, HOClRAL : BrO, ClO, O3, N2OSRON : ClO, BrO, O3, HCl, HOCl, H2O, HO2, NO, N2O, HNO3, CH3Cl, HCN, H2
18O, H217O, HDO
TELIS instrument
TELIS highlights
MIPAS gondola „with TELIS“MIPAS gondola „with TELIS“
Sensitivity improved vs. MIPAS-B
Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages
N.Suttiwong
4/12/2007, Slide 31
TELIS instrument’s schematic diagramTELIS instrument’s schematic diagram
Telescope
Ground computer
DiplexerSSB Filter
RAL
SIS mixer
SRON
Integrated Receiver
DLR
HEB mixer
LO generation
LO generation
AutocorrelatorSpectrometer
(4x2 GHz)
IF chain(5-7 GHz)
IF chain(2x2-4 GHz)
IF chain(4-6 GHz)
Pointing motor/encoder
MIPASAltitude and HeadingReference System
RateGyroscope
Pointing controller
Pc104 ComputerTemperature,Voltages
HousekeepingUnit
Cryostat
SSB Filter
SSB Filter
InterfaceOptics
Thermal Radiation Source
Telescope
Pointing Controller
Thermal Radiation
Source
Ground computer
DiplexerSSB Filter
RAL
SIS mixer
SRON
Integrated Receiver
DLR
HEB mixer
LO generation
LO generation
AutocorrelatorSpectrometer
(4x2 GHz)
IF chain(5-7 GHz)
IF chain(2x2-4 GHz)
IF chain(4-6 GHz)
Pointing motor/encoder
MIPASAltitude and HeadingReference System
RateGyroscope
Pointing controller
Pc104 ComputerTemperature,Voltages
HousekeepingUnit
Cryostat
SSB Filter
SSB Filter
InterfaceOptics
Thermal Radiation Source
Telescope
AutocorrelatorSpectrometer(4ch x 2GHz)
IF chain(4-6GHz)
IF chain(5-7GHz)
IF chain2x2-4GHz
PC104
MIPAS
Altitude and heading reference system
House Keeping Unit(Temperature, Voltage)
Server Computer Client ComputerClient Computer
Balloon
Ground
Atmosphere
DLR
HEB mixer
SRON
Integrated Receiver
RAL
SIS mixer
LO generation
LO generation
SSB filter
DiplexerSSB filter
SSB filter
Cryostat
Pointing motor /encoder
Transferoptic
RateGyroscope
TELIS instrument Ph.D‘s Goal Overview Cryogenic 1.8 THz Channel Ph.D Work packages