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| 1Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
ETSEIAT / Enginyeria del Transport. 01. Introducci
Llibre Blanc del
transport 2001.
La
poltica
europea
delstransports de cara al 2010: lhora de la veritat
Llibre
Blanc
(2001)
situa
dos
escenaris
possibles:. Tendencial: no es pren cap mesura . Radical: es produeix la mxima transferncia dels trfics cap
els
models
de
transport
ms
ecolgics
a
partir
de:1. Fortes inversions en ferrocarril
2. Imposar el transport ferroviari en els eixos congestionats
3.
Forta
vigilncia
de
la
normativa
laboral
i
de
circulaci
a
la
carretera
4. Harmonitzaci immediata de mesures fiscals
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ETSEIAT / Enginyeria del Transport. 01. Introducci
ModeQuota1998 Evoluci
Quota2010
Tendencial +3%Carretera 44%Radical -7%
Tendencial -1%Ferrocarril 8%Radical +2%Tendencial -1%Navegaci
interior 4% Radical +2%Tendencial 0%Martim a curta
distncia 40% Radical +4%
Evoluci segons els dos
escenaris
Font: P. Noy, LPTP, Barcelona, 2001
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ETSEIAT / Enginyeria del Transport. 01. Introducci
Llibre blanc 20011. Reequilibrar els modes de transport
Reforar qualitat transport per carretera Revitalitzar FFCC Control
del
creixement
del
transport
aeri Vincular els distints mitjans de transport
2. Suprimir els punts destrangulament Desembusar els grans eixos
Corredors multimodals preferents per a mercaderies Xarxa rpida per a viatgers Millorar les condicions de circulaci Projectes de grans infraestructures:
- Travessa dels Alps- Travessa dels Pirineus
- Nous
projectes
prioritaris- Reforar seguretat en tnels Assegurar el finanament
Font: http://ec.europa.eu/transport/
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ETSEIAT / Enginyeria del Transport. 01. Introducci
Llibre blanc 2001
(cont)3. Poltica de transports al servei dels usuaris
Reduir la inseguretat vial Tenir en compte TOTS els costos dusuari Intermodalitat per
a
persones Racionalitzaci del transport urb
4. Gestionar la mundialitzaci dels transports Preveure lampliaci
Sha
de
traduir
en
programes
dacci...Revisi 2006. Revisa levoluci de lacompliment del llibre Blanc; t en compte les noves incorporacions (passar a 27 Estats), levoluci de les tecnologies del transport i dels impactes ambientals i ref algunes de les
previsions .
Font: http://ec.europa.eu/transport/
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| 5Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
ETSEIAT / Enginyeria del Transport. 01. Introducci
Producci de lenergia,dels vehicles i de lesinfraestructures
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ETSEIAT / Enginyeria del Transport. 01. Introducci
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WHITE PAPER 2011
Full de ruta cap a un espai europeu detransport nic
Cap a un sistema de transport competitiu i eficient
DG MOVE
06/04/2011
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| 8Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
The 2011 White Paper . WP 1992 Obertura del mercat de transport. WP 2001 Reequilibrar els modes de transportper lluitar contra els colls dampolla. WP 2011 Collocar el transport en laperspectiva EU 2020
An agenda for promoting growth and jobs throughgreater resource efficiency
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| 9Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
Perfil
. Reptes per al futur
. Una visi per al sistema de transport del 2050
.1 Objectiu i 10 punts de referncia per orientar
l 'acci poltica
.Com fer-ho: 4 " Is i 40 accions
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| 10Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
Old challenges remain but new have comeIncreasing competitivepressure in the global
economy
Increasing oil price andpersistent oil dependency
A deteriorating climate andlocal environment
Growing congestion andpoorer accessibility. Aninfrastructure gap in the
enlarged EU
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| 11Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
Transport for business Transport as abusiness
. The EU economy is one of the most openin the world. The future prosperity of ourcontinent will depend on the ability of allof its regions to remain part of a fullyintegrated world economy
. The transport industry is an important partof the economy: in the EU it directlyemploys around 10 million people andaccounts for about 5% of GDP
. Many European companies are worldleaders in infrastructure, logistics,manufacturing of transport equipment andtraffic management systems
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Increasing oil price and persistent oil dependency. Transport depends on oilfor about 96% of its energyneeds. The transport sectoraccounts for almost 90% ofthe projected increase inglobal oil use.
. The depletion of reserves andgrowing global demand wouldlead to ever higher oil prices.The number of cars in the worldis projected to increase fromaround 750 million today to morethan 2.2 billion by 2050.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
$ / b b l
Oil price in $ '2008/bbl Oil price in $/bbl (current prices)
Source: IEA World Energy Outlook 2010
Source: Prometheus, NTUA (E3MLab)
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A tight carbon budget for the transport sector
. Transport accounts for about onefourth of GHG emissions: 60%comes from passenger transport,one quarter is urban, less than onequarter is inter-continental and overhalf is medium-distance
. In October 2009, the EuropeanCouncil showed support for theobjective of reducing GHGemissions in the EU by 80 to 95%by 2050 compared to 1990 levels
0
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
3.500
4.000
4.500
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
M t o
f C O
Transport Energy industries Industry Residential Tertiary
Source: PRIMES-TREMOVE and TREMOVE
Source: PRIMES, NTUA (E3MLab)
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Fer front al repte
El transport ha de
Emprar menys energia
Emprar energies
ms netes
Explotar eficientment unaxarxa multimodal integradaI intel ligent
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The visionFreight
High global maritime standards More efficient hinterland
connections for ports Modern vessels and cleaner fuels for shipping
Paperless logistics Multimodal long-distance freight
corridors No barriers to maritime transport Cleaner trucks on shorter
distances
Better interface between longdistance and last-mile
Freight consolidation centresand delivery points
ITS for better logistics Low-noise and low-emission
trucks for deliveries
Passengers
Adequate capacity and improvedoverall travel experience
(efficient links between airportsand rail, minimum hassle forpersonal security screening)
Seamless multimodal travel(online multimodal info andticketing, multimodal hubs) Quality service and enforcedpassengers rights
Near-zero casualties for road
Non-fossil mobility (Clean andefficient cars; Higher share ofpublic transport; Alternativepropulsion for urban buses andtaxis; Better infrastructure forwalking and cycling)
Long-distancetravel and
intercontinentalfreight
Intercitytravel andtransport
Urbantransportand
commuting
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| 17Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
ETSEIAT / Enginyeria del Transport. 01. Introducci
Deu objectius per a un transport competit iu i eficienten ls dels recursos
| 17Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
1. Reduir a la meitat ls de turismes amb combustibles convencionals en el transport urb pel 2030; reduir los de les ciutats pel 2050. Aconseguir una logstica urbana essencialment
lliure de
CO2
2. 40% de combustibles amb baix contingut de carboni en laviaci i el 40% (i si s possible el 50%) menys emissions en el transport martim pel 2050
Sistemes de propulsi i combustibles nous i sostenibles.
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| 18Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
ETSEIAT / Enginyeria del Transport. 01. Introducci
Deu
objectius
per
a
un
transport
competitiu
i
eficient
en
ls
dels recursos
18
3. 30% del transport per carretera de >300 km shauria de transferir a altres mitjans pel 2030, i > 50% pel 2050
4. Triplicar la
xarxa
existent
de
ferrocarril
dalta
velocitat.
Cap
el
2050
la
majoria del transport de viatgers a mitja distncia hauria de ser en ferrocarril.
5. Una xarxa bsica multimodal a nivell europeu i completament funcional pel 2030
6. Pel 2050, connectar tots els aeroports principals a la xarxa ferroviria; tots els ports a la xarxa ferroviria de mercaderies i, en els casos en que sigui possible, al sistema de transport fluvial.
Optimitzar el rendiment de les cadenes logstiques multimodals, incloent fent major s dels modes ms eficients.
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| 19Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
ETSEIAT / Enginyeria del Transport. 01. Introducci
Deu objectius per a un transport competit iu i eficienten ls dels recursos
| 19Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
7. Desplegament de SESAR pel 2020 i conclusi de lEuropean Common Aviation Area. Desplegament
dERTMS, ITS,
SSN
i LRIT,
RIS
i Galileo
8. Cap el 2020, establir el marc per a un sistema europeu dinformaci, gesti i pagament de transport multimodal
9. 2050, tendir cap a zero morts per accidents en transport per carretera
10. Avanar cap a la plena aplicaci dels principis: userpays i polluter pays.
Augmentar leficincia del transport i de ls de les infra
estructures
amb
sistemes
dinformaci
i
incentius
de
mercatSESAR: Single European Sky ATM Research
ATM: Air Traffic ManagementLRIT: Long Range Identification & Tracking
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| 20Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
Com
fer
ho 4
is i 40
accions
Internal
market : Create a genuine
Single
European
Transport
Area
by
eliminating all residual barriers between modes and national systems.Internal
market : Create a genuine
Single
European
Transport
Area
by
eliminating all residual barriers between modes and national systems.
Innovation: EU research needs to address the full cycle of research, innovation and deployment in an integrated way .
Innovation: EU research needs to address the full cycle of research, innovation and deployment in an integrated way .
Infrastructure: EU transport infrastructure policy needs a common vision and sufficient resources.
The costs
of
transport
should
be
reflected
in
its
price
in
an undistorted way.
Infrastructure: EU transport infrastructure policy needs a common vision and sufficient resources.
The costs
of
transport
should
be
reflected
in
its
price
in
an undistorted way.
International: Opening up third country markets in transport services, products and investments continues to have high priority.
International: Opening up third country markets in transport services, products and investments continues to have high priority.
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| 21Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
nternal market:nternal market:
Single European Railway Area: domestic passengersmarket open to competition; competitive tendering forpublic service contracts; structural separation betweeninfrastructure management and service provision
EMaritime initiative for paperless and intelligent shipping
A social code for mobile road transport workers and lessrestrictions to road cabotage
Access to real time travel and traffic information tofacilitate multi modal travel planning and integrated
ticketing Further consolidation of passengers rights legislation
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| 22Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area
nnovation:nnovation:
An EU Strategic Transport Technology Plan (2011) that brings together infrastructure and regulatory requirements,
coordination of multiple actors and demonstration projects A Clean Transport Systems Strategy (2012), with specific
measures to facilitate the introduction of Clean Vehicles (e.g. rules on interoperability of charging infrastructure, guidelines and standards for refuelling infrastructure)
Procedures and financial assistance for urban mobility plans, on a voluntary basis
Common EU standards for carbon footprint calculators
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nternational:
nternational:
Completion of the European Common Aviation Area of 58 countries and 1 billion inhabitants by 2020
Extend internal market rules through work in international organisations (ICAO, IMO, OTIF, OSJD, UNECE, the international river commissions etc) and where relevant attain full EU membership
Extend our transport and infrastructure policy to our immediate neighbours, including in the preparation of mobility continuity plans
Promote our approach globally: opening up transport markets to free and undistorted competition and environmentally sustainable solutions