![Page 1: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
®
Forging new generations of engineers
![Page 2: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts
![Page 3: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ImpactsHuman
• Throughout time, humanity has used natural resources, animals, plants and inanimate materials, for its survival, consumption, and enjoyment.
• It is often taken for granted things and resources will always be here.
• Many times short term monetary gain is considered a priority.
![Page 4: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Impacts Continued…
Global
• Population:
- is growing at an exponential rate.
- shows a continual change in human needs and wants.
• Energy: non-renewable resources are becoming more and more scarce.
![Page 5: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Ethics
• A set of moral principles or values; a theory or system of moral values.
• The discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation.
![Page 6: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ethical Design Dilemmas
• Situations in which decisions you make are in conflict with what may or may not be morally correct.
• Sometimes this is obvious right away, and other times it is not.
• Solutions to open-ended design problems have dilemmas that designers face when creating the product.
• Let’s look at some pictures of products or things and discuss the ethics involved.
![Page 7: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Inventions
• What are the ethical consequences suggested in these pictures?
![Page 8: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Steps in resolving ethical design decisions
1. Moral Clarity- identify the relevant moral values.
2. Conceptual clarity- clarify key concepts.
3. Just the facts- obtain all relevant information.
4. Informed about options- Consider all genuine options and alternative solutions.
5. Well-reasoned- Make a reasonable decision.
![Page 9: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Design Analogy
• Engineering design as a metaphor or model for thinking about moral decision making- in general, not just within engineering.
• Like design, moral choice often involves alternative permissible solutions to dilemmas.
![Page 10: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Product Lifecycle• Definition• Five Steps
Raise & Extract
Process
Manufacture
Consumer Products
Use
Repair
Recycle
Dispose
![Page 11: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Raise and Extract
• All consumer products begin their lifecycle with
a dependence on the natural environment. • Some form of energy is always required to
extract the natural resources from the earth or its atmosphere.
![Page 12: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Process
• Raw materials are processed or refined.
• Energy is required for the processing and refining.
![Page 13: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ManufactureManufacture• Additional energy is required as the processed
or refined materials move through the manufacturing and assembly process.
![Page 14: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
UseUse• Consumer products are transported to stores
(consuming additional energy) and are ready for purchase.
• Products remain at this stage as long as they are usable or repairable.
![Page 15: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Dispose
Dispose• When the product is no longer of use to us and
we “get rid” of it.
![Page 16: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
EPA Guidelines
• EPA: Environmental Protection Agency. This organization’s mission is to protect human health and the environment.
![Page 17: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
EPA Guidelines
• The EPA works to develop and enforce regulations that implement environmental laws enacted by Congress.
![Page 18: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
EPA Guidelines
• The EPA is responsible for researching and setting national standards for a variety of environmental programs.
• The EPA delegates to states and tribes the responsibility for issuing permits and monitoring and enforcing compliance.
![Page 19: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
OSHA Guidelines
• OSHA-Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• OSHA's mission is to assure the safety and health of America's workers by setting and enforcing standards; providing training, outreach, and education; establishing partnerships; and encouraging continual improvement in workplace safety and health.
![Page 20: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
OSHA Guidelines
• To establish and maintain safe workplace environments, OSHA enforces standards and reaches out to employers and employees through technical assistance and consultation programs.
![Page 21: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Consumer Product Life-Cycle Activity
ProcedureIn this activity, you will select a consumer product and research its
lifecycle from the beginning to end. In groups of two, pick a consumer product that is used everyday. The
product must be instructor approved. Investigate the lifecycle of this product as discussed in the Global and
Human Impacts PowerPoint® presentation. Create a timeline of your product, using PowerPoint®, which discusses
the five steps of the product lifecycle. Include at least three different cited sources using APA style on the
final slide in your presentation.
![Page 22: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Questions1. What is meant by product lifecycle? 2. Why is it important for companies who make products to research
and determine a product’s potential lifecycle? 3. What would you change about your product? Why? 4. Do you think your product will evolve or become obsolete over
time? Why?
![Page 23: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts
![Page 24: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
ImpactsHuman
• Throughout time, humanity has used natural resources, animals, plants and inanimate materials, for its survival, consumption, and enjoyment.
• It is often taken for granted things and resources will always be here.
• Many times short term monetary gain is considered a priority.
![Page 25: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Impacts Continued…
Global
• Population:
- is growing at an exponential rate.
- shows a continual change in human needs and wants.
• Energy: non-renewable resources are becoming more and more scarce.
![Page 26: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Ethics
• A set of moral principles or values; a theory or system of moral values.
• The discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation.
![Page 27: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Ethical Design Dilemmas
• Situations in which decisions you make are in conflict with what may or may not be morally correct.
• Sometimes this is obvious right away, and other times it is not.
• Solutions to open-ended design problems have dilemmas that designers face when creating the product.
• Let’s look at some pictures of products or things and discuss the ethics involved.
![Page 28: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Inventions
• What are the ethical consequences suggested in these pictures?
![Page 29: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Steps in resolving ethical design decisions
1. Moral Clarity- identify the relevant moral values.
2. Conceptual clarity- clarify key concepts.
3. Just the facts- obtain all relevant information.
4. Informed about options- Consider all genuine options and alternative solutions.
5. Well-reasoned- Make a reasonable decision.
![Page 30: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Design Analogy
• Engineering design as a metaphor or model for thinking about moral decision making- in general, not just within engineering.
• Like design, moral choice often involves alternative permissible solutions to dilemmas.
![Page 31: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Product Lifecycle• Definition• Five Steps
Raise & Extract
Process
Manufacture
Consumer Products
Use
Repair
Recycle
Dispose
![Page 32: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Raise and Extract
• All consumer products begin their lifecycle with
a dependence on the natural environment. • Some form of energy is always required to
extract the natural resources from the earth or its atmosphere.
![Page 33: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Process
• Raw materials are processed or refined.
• Energy is required for the processing and refining.
![Page 34: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
ManufactureManufacture• Additional energy is required as the processed
or refined materials move through the manufacturing and assembly process.
![Page 35: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
UseUse• Consumer products are transported to stores
(consuming additional energy) and are ready for purchase.
• Products remain at this stage as long as they are usable or repairable.
![Page 36: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Dispose
Dispose• When the product is no longer of use to us and
we “get rid” of it.
![Page 37: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
EPA Guidelines
• EPA: Environmental Protection Agency. This organization’s mission is to protect human health and the environment.
![Page 38: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
EPA Guidelines
• The EPA works to develop and enforce regulations that implement environmental laws enacted by Congress.
![Page 39: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
EPA Guidelines
• The EPA is responsible for researching and setting national standards for a variety of environmental programs.
• The EPA delegates to states and tribes the responsibility for issuing permits and monitoring and enforcing compliance.
![Page 40: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
OSHA Guidelines
• OSHA-Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• OSHA's mission is to assure the safety and health of America's workers by setting and enforcing standards; providing training, outreach, and education; establishing partnerships; and encouraging continual improvement in workplace safety and health.
![Page 41: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
OSHA Guidelines
• To establish and maintain safe workplace environments, OSHA enforces standards and reaches out to employers and employees through technical assistance and consultation programs.
![Page 42: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Consumer Product Life-Cycle Activity
ProcedureIn this activity, you will select a consumer product and research its
lifecycle from the beginning to end. In groups of two, pick a consumer product that is used everyday. The
product must be instructor approved. Investigate the lifecycle of this product as discussed in the Global and
Human Impacts PowerPoint® presentation. Create a timeline of your product, using PowerPoint®, which discusses
the five steps of the product lifecycle. Include at least three different cited sources using APA style on the
final slide in your presentation.
![Page 43: ® Forging new generations of engineers. Global, Human, and Ethical Impacts](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/55157a0f55034674578b52f5/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Questions1. What is meant by product lifecycle? 2. Why is it important for companies who make products to research
and determine a product’s potential lifecycle? 3. What would you change about your product? Why? 4. Do you think your product will evolve or become obsolete over
time? Why?