Download - + For Nurses Caring for People with Epilepsy American Epilepsy Society, 2013 Epilepsy 101 For Nurses
+
For Nurses Caring for People with Epilepsy
American Epilepsy Society, 2013
Epilepsy 101 For Nurses
+Aims
This program has been developed to prepare professional nurses, in a variety of settings to:
Address overall information about epilepsy and seizures to help care for people with epilepsy in the general hospital and community settings
Introduces a level of learning for neurology nurses that are seeking additional information on specialty practices and care
+Overview Curriculum of Epilepsy 101
This program of study has 4 self-paced learning modules:
Basics of Epilepsy for Nurses Recognition and Care of Seizures and
Emergencies Overview of Treatment Options Patient Education and Self-Management
Approaches
There is an option for the participant to listen to audio synced to PowerPoint presentation, along with the option to download the modules in PDF format
+Objectives of Module One:
Upon completion of Module One-the participant will:
Describe the role of nursing in epilepsy careReview the common causes and consequences of seizuresDefine the spectrum of nursing care for people with epilepsy
+Nurse-Patient RelationshipPeople with epilepsy may come in
contact with nurses from diverse settings and with different educational backgrounds and expertise
The nurse-patient relationship may vary in relation to the setting and the patient’s needs
+Spectrum of Nursing Care – Epilepsy Specific Advanced practice nurses on neurology or epilepsy
units
Nurses providing direct patient care and education in a clinic setting or on epilepsy monitoring units
Research nurses and nurse researchers
Nurses in other acute care settings Neurology, medical and surgical units Emergency room nurses Intensive care units Operating and recovery room
+Spectrum of Nursing Care- Other Health NeedsPrimary care practices
Women’s health - gynecology, obstetrics
Wellness clinics – occupational, urgent care, pharmacy-based
+Spectrum of Nursing Care – Community/Independent LivingSchools, camps
Long-term care facilities- assisted living facilities, rehabilitation and nursing home facilities
Independent living programs
Group homes, day programs
Vocational programs
+Nursing Practice
The role of epilepsy nurses varies depending on practice setting- inpatient, outpatient, ICU
Core focus is the sameIdentifyingAssessingEducating
Understanding the impact the disorder has on function and quality of life
+Epilepsy Prevalence/Incidence 2.2 million Americans and > 65 million people
worldwide have epilepsy
300,000 have a first convulsion each year 120,000 under 18 years of age ~ 1 in 26 people will develop epilepsy during
their lifetime
150,000 new cases of epilepsy diagnosed each year
Highest incidence in young children and older adults
65-70% of new cases have no obvious cause
:
+Definitions
A seizure is: A symptom of a disturbance in the brain, Caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain.
Epilepsy means that: A person has had 2 or more seizures, separated
by at least 24 hours The seizures are unprovoked and not caused by
any known medical condition A person has a tendency to recurring seizures. The term seizure disorder is the same as epilepsy.
+Causes of Epilepsy
Annegers JF. The epidemiology of epilepsy. In: Wyllie E, ed. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Principles and Practice. 2001:131-138
+Causes of Epilepsy by Age
Infancy and Childhood
- Birth injury
- Inborn errors of metabolism
- Congenital malformations
Childhood and Adolescence
- Idiopathic-Cryptogenic/genetic
- CNS infection
+Causes of Epilepsy by Age
Adolescence and Young Adult
- Head trauma
- Drug intoxication/withdrawal (acute sz)
Older Adult
- Stroke
- Brain tumor
- Acute metabolic disturbances (acute seizure)
+Post-Traumatic Epilepsy
Epilepsy arising as a result of head trauma
Head trauma may be subtle or severe
Extent & location of injury may increase likelihood of developing seizures 2 types of seizures -early/acute & delayed
onset
Early treatment with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) may not affect the development of seizures later on
+Epilepsy Risk Factors
Intellectual or other developmental disability
Cerebral PalsyAnoxia AutismStrokeMajor head trauma
CNS hemorrhage
CNS infection, neurocystercosis
Dementia
Brain tumor, tubers
Family history
Birth injury
+Seizure Triggers
Non-adherenceSleep deprivationStress (good or bad)Accident/injuryConcurrent illness (fever)Menses or hormonal changesAlcohol/drugsSpecific stimuli (photosensitivity, reflex
epilepsy)
+Mortality
Risk of death higher in people with epilepsy 10 years of life lost for people with known cause of
seizures 2 years of life lost for those with unknown cause of
seizures
Approximately 42,000 deaths are caused by epilepsy annually
Mortality rate associated with seizures lasting 30 minutes may be as high as 19% Vast majority of deaths occur in people with seizure
in the context of an acute brain insult, hypoxia, trauma, etc.
.
+Additional Causes of Death in Epilepsy Life-threatening injuries
Drowning
Status epilepticus
Sudden unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP)
Suicide
+Sudden Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) SUDEP
applies to a sudden death in someone known to have epilepsy, in the absence of an obvious cause for the death
Numbers vary 1 in 10,000 of newly diagnosed 9 of 1,000 candidates for epilepsy surgery
A Spectrum of Severity
Uncomplicated epilepsy,Seizures controlled with
medication
Seizures not completely controlled by treatment;
Epilepsy lowers standard of living due to social, emotional, and educational problems
Seizures refractory to treatment; Epilepsy is disabling
due to frequent seizures and other problems
Increase risk of SUDEP