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© 2004 James Lockard, Peter D. Abrams
The Current State of The Current State of Computers & TechnologyComputers & Technology
in Educationin Education
Unit 1Unit 1
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Personal Technology Personal Technology ExperiencesExperiences
DescribeDescribe• InstructorInstructor• StudentsStudents
What has changedWhat has changed over time? over time?•How?How?
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Perceptions of Perceptions of Computer Technology Computer Technology
in the 21st Centuryin the 21st Century
In SocietyIn Society
In EducationIn Education
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It’s a Different WorldIt’s a Different World Slogan of the Slogan of the NETSNETS project project
•National Educational National Educational Technology StandardsTechnology Standards
• International Society for International Society for Technology in EducationTechnology in Education
How is our world different?How is our world different?• from our parents’ timefrom our parents’ time• from our own early school daysfrom our own early school days
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Experiences with Experiences with Computer PlatformsComputer Platforms
Apple II, MS-DOS, orApple II, MS-DOS, or other “original” other “original”
MacintoshMacintosh WindowsWindows
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How Does How Does Technology Relate to Technology Relate to
the “Basics” of the “Basics” of Education?Education?
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What Should What Should 21st Century 21st Century
Teachers Know?Teachers Know?
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The State of The State of Computers in EducationComputers in Education
Early predictions of aEarly predictions of a revolution” revolution”•Did not occurDid not occur
What went wrong?What went wrong?• Misjudged difficulty of changeMisjudged difficulty of change• Misjudged time required for Misjudged time required for
changechange
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The State of The State of Computers in EducationComputers in Education
Schools have Schools have acquiredacquired computers computers• < 6 students per computer with < 6 students per computer with
Internet access (US average, Fall Internet access (US average, Fall 2001)2001)
How significant areHow significant are numbersnumbers of computers? of computers?• Use is far more importantUse is far more important
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Technology Expenditures in K-12 Public Schools
0123456789
91-92
92-93
93-94
94-95
95-96
96-97
97-98
98-99
99-00
00-01
01-02
02-03
Bill
ion
s o
f D
olla
rs
NCLB **
E-Rate *
District
What We Are SpendingWhat We Are Spending
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The State of Computers in The State of Computers in EducationEducation
Are current teachers ready Are current teachers ready to use existing computers to use existing computers effectively?effectively?
Are pre-service teachers Are pre-service teachers being prepared adequately?being prepared adequately?
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March /April 1996
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April 1999
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The school that The school that hireshires you you shouldn’t have to shouldn’t have to traintrain you you to integrate to integrate technology into technology into your teaching.your teaching.
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Computers & LearningComputers & Learning Changing perceptionsChanging perceptions
of learning of learning• BehaviorismBehaviorism• Cognitive psychologyCognitive psychology• ConstructivismConstructivism
Engaged learningEngaged learning• Active studentsActive students• Teacher as facilitatorTeacher as facilitator• Authentic learning tasksAuthentic learning tasks
& assessment & assessment
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National Standards for National Standards for Technology in EducationTechnology in Education National Council forNational Council for
Accreditation of Teacher Accreditation of Teacher Education ( Education (NCATENCATE))• Vision of the ProfessionalVision of the Professional
Teacher for the 21 Teacher for the 21stst Century Century• Technology = expectedTechnology = expected
outcome of teacher education outcome of teacher education•Conceptual framework includesConceptual framework includes
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National Educational National Educational Technology Standards Technology Standards = NETS = NETS
• ISTEISTE, funded by NASA, funded by NASA• Support from Dept of Ed,Support from Dept of Ed,
Milken, Apple, et al Milken, Apple, et al• Many professional partners,Many professional partners,
e.g. AFT, NEA, NCTE, etc. e.g. AFT, NEA, NCTE, etc. Standards widely adoptedStandards widely adopted
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Learning EnvironmentsLearning EnvironmentsTRADITIONALTRADITIONAL
Teacher centeredTeacher centered LinearLinear Isolated workIsolated work Information Information
deliverydelivery PassivePassive Facts / knowledgeFacts / knowledge ArtificialArtificial
NEWNEW Learner centeredLearner centered MultipathMultipath CollaborationCollaboration Information Information
exchangeexchange ActiveActive Critical Critical
thinkingthinking AuthenticAuthentic
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NETS-SNETS-S National Educational Technology National Educational Technology
StandardsStandards for for StudentsStudents• Six broad foundation categoriesSix broad foundation categories• Expectations by grade rangesExpectations by grade ranges
Pre-K to 2Pre-K to 2 Grades 3-5Grades 3-5 Grades 6-8Grades 6-8 Grades 9-12Grades 9-12
• Specific performance indicatorsSpecific performance indicators
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NETS-TNETS-T National Educational National Educational
Technology Standards for Technology Standards for TeachersTeachers
Five categoriesFive categories• First includes NETS-S skillsFirst includes NETS-S skills• Others focus on applicationOthers focus on application
in teaching in teaching Expectations at four timesExpectations at four times
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NETS-ANETS-A National Educational National Educational
Technology Standards for Technology Standards for Administrators Administrators (TSSA)(TSSA)
Critical for support withinCritical for support within a school a school
Not part ofNot part of pre-service pre-service teacher education teacher education
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Your Task This MonthYour Task This Month
Become moreBecome more Technology Competent! Technology Competent!
• for your own needsfor your own needs• to enhance the learning to enhance the learning of your students of your students
• to be a 21to be a 21stst
century educator century educator