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© 2003 Pluta Brothers Design, Inc. http://www.plutabrothers.com
Guest speaker:Joe Pluta, Pluta Brothers Design Inc.
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© 2003 Pluta Brothers Design, Inc. http://www.plutabrothers.com
This is a review of the various technologies for Web-enabling legacy applications. Companies Web-enable for many different reasons, and there are many different options. Some of them you may not have even considered. So, rather than rehash just the most popular techniques, this presentation will attempt to address all of your Web-enabling options. I’ll also try to give you some idea of the available products.
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© 2003 Pluta Brothers Design, Inc. http://www.plutabrothers.com
The Options
Replacing
Refacing
Rewriting
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Replacing
If your existing system is out of date and unable to cope with your requirements, you may want to consider replacing it.
Many vendors can supply you with ready-made Web-enabled systems.
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Refacing
Traditional Model
Terminal Emulation
Thin-Client Computing
Screen Scraping
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Traditional Model
RPG Program
Display File
5250 Terminal
5250 datastream
Workstation Data
ManagementEXFMT
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Terminal Emulation
RPG Program
Workstation Data
Management
5250 Emulator
Display File
EXFMT5250 datastream
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Terminal Emulation
Many vendorsClient Access ExpressMochasoftRumbaShareware and Freeware 5250 Emulators
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Terminal Emulation
Can now be done over VPNVirtual Private NetworkSecure, Stable, ReliableSpeed depends on Internet connection
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Thin Client Computing
RPG Program
Workstation Data
Management
5250 Emulator
Display File
EXFMT5250 datastream
Thin Client
TCP/IPThin-Client Terminal
Server
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Thin-Client Computing
Citrix MetaFrameGraphOn WinBridgeMicrosoft Terminal ServerSCO TarantellaVirtual Network ComputingWyse Winterm
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Screen Scrapers
RPG Program
Workstation Data
Management
Screen Scraper Client
Display File
EXFMT5250 datastream
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Screen Scrapers
Providers dwindling:Core TechnologyJacadaSeagullZephyr
Gone:EaselFlashpointMozart
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To Scrape or not to scrape
Pros:No source changesDesktop integration
Cons:Fewer vendorsThe interactive tax
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CFINT: The Interactive Tax
CFINT is a system job that consumes CPU resources when it recognizes that your interactive workload exceeds the interactive CPW rating of your machine. This governor is indiscriminate: When CFINT kicks in, all of your jobs, batch and interactive, come nearly to a standstill.
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CFINT: The Interactive Tax
Most new iSeries models now offer only two options for interactive CPW:
Standard models have zero interactive capability
Advanced edition servers have full interactive capabilities
Except for the very smallest iSeries model, there is no middle ground.
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How Much Does CFINT Cost?
To determine the direct cost of interactive CPW, go to the following IBM Web page:
http://www.iseries.ibm.com/servlet/factFind
This page compares the costs of various iSeries configurations.
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How Much Does CFINT Cost?
The 810-0869 is a 2700 CPW machine. With zero interactive this model costs $50,000, while the same machine with max interactive costs $245,000 – nearly five times the cost.
CFINT makes your hardware costs higher.
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IBM Options
Screen ScrapersHost PublisherHost On-DemandHATS
Like all screen scrapers, the IBM screen scraper solutions require interactive CPW.
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IBM Options
RPG Program
Workstation Data
Management
Display File
EXFMT
Java Beans and Java
ServerPages
Browser
HTML
WebFacing Runtime (WAS)
Data Buffers
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IBM Options
Until just recently, WebFacing also used interactive resources. Now, however, on the newer server models WebFacing will not require interactive CPW.
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Interactive Technologies
Except for the new WebFacing offering, these are all interactive techniques that require no modifications to the legacy systems. These have an initial cost/benefit advantage. However, the new IBM pricing model has made interactive solutions too expensive for many businesses to maintain.
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Rewriting
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Rewriting
Two architectures:Client/Server
Application logic on client, makes requests to servers on the hostExamples: ODBC or Web services
Server/ClientApplication logic on server, makes requests to client to present dataExamples: X-Windows or good old 5250
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Client/Server
Business logic encapsulated in servers or replaced by ODBC callsApplication logic moves to clientThree client options:
Remote databaseThick clientBrowser-based
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Remote Database
AS/400DB2
ODBC Support
Workstation
ODBC based appli-cation
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Remote Database
Remote database designs are relatively less flexible than other architectures. Because the client must have complete knowledge of the database layout, changes to business rules that affect your database can be difficult to deploy.
Remote database is best suited for ad hoc user queries, and not for mission-critical enterprise applications.
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Thick Client
AS/400Program
Call Support
Workstation
Client/Server Appli-cation
Server
Server
Server
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Browser Based
AS/400 Workstation
Web browser
Web Application
Serverxxxx
xxxx
xxxx
Note: This interface uses only HTML, so no sophisticated graphics are supported.
Server
Server
Server
Application and
business logic
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Other
The other client/server architectures share the same concept: business logic is encapsulated in servers. Whether exposed via program call or Web service, or encapsulated in Java classes, these server programs are probably the ultimate goal of a complete rewrite.
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Other
Unfortunately, there are no tools today that can directly mine business logic, although some companies are beginning to claim that ability. Certain 4GL vendors also claim to be able to encapsulate your business rules. But in most cases, a true client/server design will require a significant investment in rewrite (which also means re-testing).
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Server/Client
Application logic unchangedI/O requests replaced by API callsThree UI options:
Thick client on workstationThick client appletCGI or servlet/JSP to browser
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Browser Technologies
Static Web pagesCommon Gateway InterfaceServletsJavaServer PagesJSP and servlets
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Static HTML
Workstation AS/400
Web Server
Web Browser
HTTP Request
HTML Data
Static HTML Pages
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Workstation AS/400
Web Server
Web Browser
HTTP Request
CGI Program(RPG, Perl, …)HTML
Data Database Data
Common Gateway Interface
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Workstation AS/400
Web Server
Web Browser
HTTP Request
Servlet(Java)HTML
Data Database Data
Servlet
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Workstation AS/400
Web Server
Web Browser
HTTP Request
JSP ProcessorHTML Data
Database Data
JavaServer Pages JavaBeans
JavaServer Pages
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Workstation AS/400
Web Server
Web Browser
HTTP Request
Servlet
HTML Data
Database Data
JavaServer Pages
JSP Processor
JavaBeans
Servlet/JSP
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Server/Client
Application logic unchangedI/O requests replaced by API callsThree UI options:
Thick client on workstationThick client appletCGI or servlet/JSP to browser
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Server/Client - CGI
AS/400 Workstation
Web browser
HTTP Server
Application rewritten to
replace workstation I/O with CGI calls.
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
Note: This interface uses only HTML, so no sophisticated graphics are supported.
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Server/Client - CGI
Replace I/O with CGI callsRequires an HTTP serverSeveral vendors
FreeStyle/400LegacyWebRelational Web (*)
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Server/Client - Thick Client
AS/400Application
ClientServer Client APIs
Workstation
Thick Client
UI Server
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Server/Client – Thick Client
Replace I/O with server/client APIMay require additional software
JacadaPSC/400Seagull
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Server/Client - Applet
AS/400Application
ClientServer Client APIs
Workstation
Web browser
HTTP Server
UI Server Applet
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Server/Client - Servlet/JSP
AS/400Application
ClientServer Client APIs
Workstation
Web browser
Web Appl. Server
Servlet
Java Server Page
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
Note: This interface uses only HTML, so no sophisticated graphics are supported.
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Server/Client – Servlet/JSP
Replace I/O with server/client APIRequires Web Application ServerMay require additional software
JacadaJaci/400PSC/400Seagull
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Server/Client – Servlet/JSP
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Server/Client – Servlet/JSP
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Server/Client – Servlet/JSP
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Dialup Batch Thick Client Browser No Source Time CostEmulation Y N N N Y - -Thin Client N N N (N) Y + ++Scrapers (N) N Y N Y ++ +++WebFacing (N) (Y) N Y (N) ++ -C/S Y Y Y Y N ++++ -S/C CGI Y Y N Y N +++ +S/C thick Y Y Y N (N) +++ ++S/C browser Y Y N Y (N) + +++
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Server/Client – Servlet/JSP
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Server/Client – Servlet/JSP