dots, dashes, and other fun marks
DESCRIPTION
Vowel Points. Dots, Dashes, and other Fun Marks. History of the Hebrew Language. South Semitic. Northeastern Semitic. Northwest Semitic. Arabic Ethiopian. Old Akkadian Babylonian Assyrian. Mari tablets Ugarit tablets Amarna letters. Canaanite. Aramaic. Silver Scroll Amulet. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Dots, Dashes, and other Fun Marks
NortheasternSemitic
• Old Akkadian
• Babylonian
• Assyrian
NorthwestSemitic
• Mari tablets
• Ugarit tablets
• Amarna letters
SouthSemitic
• Arabic
• Ethiopian
Canaanite Aramaic
Hebrew DevelopmentsHebrew Developments
• Vowel markers added by Massortes
• Qumran scrolls show evidence of other sorts of vowel markers
• Massoretic text does not show evidence of attempts to iron out textual difficulties
Fr Gd s lvd th wrld tht h gv hs ‘nly bgttn sn tht whvr
blvs ‘n hm shld nt prsh bt hv ‘trnl lf
; ;
AW
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ePathah
Kamets
Seghol
Tsere
Hirek
Kibbuts
Shurek
Holem u
A
E
IO
U
“A” as in Hat
“E” as in Met
“E” as in They
“I” as in Machine
“O” as in Roll
“U” as in Put
“U” as in True
“A” as in Father
; ;AW
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.
.
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Pathah
KametsSeghol
Tsere
Hirek Kibbuts
Shurek
Holem
u
Pathah
tyIB;tyIB; - “House” - “House”
Hirek
%v,xo;%v,xo; - -
“Darkness”“Darkness”
Seghol B B Aramaic word for Aramaic word for “cluster” (of grapes)“cluster” (of grapes)
ba'Father
~d'a'Man
ha'Brother
vyaiMan
tyIB; House
!Be Son
rh; Mountain
bAj Good
~Ay Day
lAq Voice
~veName
yr;f' yr;f' Sarai
~Wxn" ~Wxn" Nahum
!roh]a; !roh]a; Aaron
qx'c.yI qx'c.yI Issac
hmol{v. hmol{v. Solomon
tyMil;Wv tyMil;Wv Shulamite
ha'le ha'le Leah
!yIq;!yIq;Cain
hy"[.v;y> hy"[.v;y> Isaiah
rm'T' rm'T' Tamar
![;n"K. ![;n"K. Canaan
~yIr'c.mi ~yIr'c.mi Egypt
rWa rWa Ur
lb,B' lb,B' Babylon
ba'Am ba'Am Moab
!ADgIm. !ADgIm. Megiddo
~l;iv'Wry~l;iv'Wry> >
Jerusalem
~r'a] ~r'a] Aram
!Der>y: !Der>y: Jordan
~yhil{a/ ~yhil{a/ ar'B' ar'B'
tyviareB.tyviareB.taew> taew>
~yIm;V'h; ~yIm;V'h; taetae`#r,`#r,a'h;a'h;
In BeginningIn BeginningHe createdHe createdGodGod
the Heavensthe Heavensandand
the Earththe Earth
hf,[]n: ~yhil{a/
rm,aYOw: Wnmel.c;B. ~d'a'
WnteWmd>K''
And He saidGodWe will make
manIn our image
Like our likeness
^n>yBe tyvia'
hb'yaew>!ybeW hV'aih' !ybeW H['r>z: !
ybeW ^[]r>z:
And enmityI will putBetween you
And betweenThe womanAnd
between
Your seedAndbetweenHer seed
^p.Wvy>
hT'a;w> varo
`bqe[' WNp,WvT.
aWhHehe will
bruise yourheadand you
you will bruisehis
heel
bqo[]y:
Whbow" Whto Whbow" Whto ht'y>h' ht'y>h'
#r<a'h'w> #r<a'h'w> ynEP.-l[; ynEP.-l[; tp,x,r:m. tp,x,r:m. ~yhil{a/~yhil{a/
x:Wrw> ~Aht. x:Wrw> ~Aht. ynEP.-l[; ynEP.-l[; %v,xow>%v,xow>
~yIM'h;~yIM'h;
rAa yhiy> rAa yhiy> ~yhil{a/ ~yhil{a/
rm,aYOw: rm,aYOw: rAa-yhiy>w:rAa-yhiy>w:
rAah'-ta, rAah'-ta, ~yhil{a/ ~yhil{a/ ar>Y:w: ar>Y:w: ~yhil{a/ ~yhil{a/
lDEb.Y:w: bAj-lDEb.Y:w: bAj-yKiyKi%v,xoh; !ybeW %v,xoh; !ybeW
rAah' !yBerAah' !yBe