doc no. itu-apt.ws-ngn-07-pp-23 · itu/apt workshop 16 – 17 march 2007, bangkok, thailan d...

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ITU/APT Workshop 16 – 17 March 2007, Bangkok, Thailan d Session 7_1 - 1

ITU/APT Workshop on NGN PlanningITU/APT Workshop on NGN Planning

SessionSession 77

Planning of Broadband Wireless Planning of Broadband Wireless Access for Rural and RemoteAccess for Rural and Remote

AreasAreas

Ignat StanevIgnat StanevITC, BulgariaITC, Bulgaria


Presentation : motivation and content:Presentation : motivation and content:Rural and remote areas telecom case:

� usually not interesting from business point of view

� telecom development should be supported by government

27%

71%75%

71%

LatinAmerica

Sub-Saharan

Africa

EastAsia &Pacific

SouthAsia

Source: The World Bank(1992)

Percentage of the population living in rural areas

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Rural population and Rural population and teledensityteledensity

Population of large Population of large cities as %cities as %

Large city Large city teledensityteledensity[%][%]

Rural areas Rural areas teledensityteledensity[%][%]

Overall Overall teledensityteledensity[%][%]

Low Income 6,0 9,26 2,15 2,54

Lower Middle 5,8 24,84 7,30 8,77

Upper Middle 16,1 30,77 21,10 22,94

High Income 10,8 57,49 54,83 55,21

Africa 12 6,42 1,39 1,99

Americas 13,6 34,8 21,72 11,39

Asia 4,8 25,97 6,94 7,84

Europe 10,9 48,24 30,19 31,98

Oceania 17,8 45,97 36,77 38,38

WORLD 7,7 17,4 25,25 9,20

ITU WTID 2002

1 : 4,31 : 4,3

1 : 3,41 : 3,4

1 : 1,51 : 1,5

1 : 1,051 : 1,05


LL argestargestcitiescities vs. rural areas in some countriesvs. rural areas in some countries

ITU WTID 2004-2006

Country Urban population (%) % of main lines in urba n areas Teledensity [%]China 41.8 67.4 26.6Mongolia 61.0 70.5 5.9Thailand 28.9 50.3 11.0Tunisia 64.4 97.0 12.3India 28.5 73.3 4.5Bangladesh 22.0 95.0 0.8Bulgaria 70.0 78.0 32.1Pakistan 33.5 75.1 3.4Qatar 91.8 99.0 26.4Syria 51.4 82.5 15.2

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

China

Mon

golia

Thaila

nd

Tunis

iaIn

dia

Banglad

esh

Bulgaria

Pakista

nQat

arSyr

ia

Urban population (%) % of main lines in urban areas

3


FFindingsindings of the United Nations :of the United Nations :

�� all growth in population will concentrate all growth in population will concentrate in in urbanurban areas, no growth in rural areasareas, no growth in rural areas

�� most of the growth will concentrate in urban most of the growth will concentrate in urban areasareasof less developed regionsof less developed regions

LL argestargestcitiescities vs. rural areas vs. rural areas -- useruser behaviourbehaviour

UUsersserswill concentratewill concentrate in urban areasin urban areas,, aas urban areas put s urban areas put higherhigher pressure on the individual to "do what the otherspressure on the individual to "do what the othersdo" and from technical point it is easier todo" and from technical point it is easier toconnect people connect people in urban areasin urban areas


Broadband connection Broadband connection –– statisticsstatistics

0 10 20 30

JapanS.KoreFrance

SingapoSwedenGerman

UKFinlandNorway

Spain

Top 10 countries by mobile multimedia users as % of

population, 2003

http://reports.tmgtelecom.com/ssmi

Internet access of households by type of connection, 2005 (Yearbook 2006-07 )

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Density statistics for Information technologyDensity statistics for Information technology::Internet hosts per Internet hosts per 10 000 inhabitants10 000 inhabitants

Internet users per Internet users per 10 000 inhabitants10 000 inhabitants

PCs per 100 PCs per 100 inhabitantsinhabitants

Low Income 0,98 62,21 0,59

Lower Middle Income

4,32 264,94 2,45

Upper Middle Income

78,69 992,66 8,24

High Income 1 484,20 3 992,87 37,31

Africa 3,38 84,89 1,06

Americas 1 332,97 2 164,28 26,57

Asia 28,73 433,97 2,18

Europe 191,47 1 804,54 17,94

Oceania 885,26 2 771,59 39,91

WORLD 232,66 820,81 7,74

IT density as bases for BBIT density as bases for BBservices requiring services requiring PC/Internet accessPC/Internet access

Ratio Low Income/High Income :Ratio Low Income/High Income : 1 : 641 : 64 1 : 631 : 63

ITU WTID 2002

SubSub--Saharan Saharan Africa Africa regionregion ::

Low Income : 39Low Income : 39

Lower middle Lower middle Income : 4Income : 4

Upper middle Upper middle Income : 5Income : 5

High Income : 1High Income : 1


BroadbandBroadband customers customers –– influence of ICTinfluence of ICT

ICT presented by % of homes with Personal Computer and with Internet access for selection of European countries , data from 2005 :

Source ITU Database2006

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switz erland United

Kingdom

Czech

Republic

Estonia Hungary Latvia Lithuania Poland Slovak

Republic

Bulgaria Romania

% of homes with Internet % of homes with a Personal Computer

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EU Project EU Project -- Broadband for AllBroadband for All

� To develop the network technologies and architectures allowing a generalised and affordable availability of broadband access to European users, including those in less developed regions, peripheral and rural areas.

� Optimised access technologies, as a function of the operating environment, at affordable price allowing for a generalized introduction of broadband services in Europe including less developed regions


� There is difference between rural and urban telecom development, which depends mainly upon the country development (e.g. low income, high income countries)

Conclusion for Conclusion for the rural and remote areas the rural and remote areas characteristicscharacteristics

� In every region of the world there is diversity of different countries (as low income, high income, etc.) which should present different requirements to the rural and remote areas BB access

� Broadband access depends on the IT penetration in the country and that will influence the rural and remote areas BB access

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85%

15%

52%

25%

9%

9%5%

PlanningPlanning of of bradbandbradband wirelesswirelessaccessaccess

CAPEX SensitiveOPEX Intensive

PLAN BUILD RUN

CapEx sensitive

OpEx intensive

Cri

tical

Critical

Purchase / Build

Operate &Maintain

Re-Optimization

Plan New Build

DemandForecast

Networkplanning

Service Definition / Market Capture

Service Definition / Market Capture

Business CaseAnalysis

Business CaseAnalysis

ATMATM

SS7SS7

SONET / SDHSONET / SDH Optical RingOptical Ring Optical MeshOptical Mesh

SynchronizationSynchronization

WDM LinksWDM Links

Bandwidth Requirements

LinkRequirements

Service Mix,Geographical Traffic

Demand

Traffic DemandGeneration / Distribution

Traffic DemandGeneration / Distribution

Access TechnologySelection / Roll-Out

Access TechnologySelection / Roll-Out

VoiceVoice IP / MPLSIP / MPLS

no. of exchanges

Optimum

Total

Exchanges

Subscribers

Circuits

Costs

NODES

CORE

ACCESS

nodes


BroadbandBroadband access technologiesaccess technologies

xDSLxDSL

FTTxFTTxHFCHFC

WirelessWirelessSATSAT

Power line

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PlanningPlanning process for planning of process for planning of wirelinewireline (DSL) BB access network(DSL) BB access network

Target

Geography

VPIaccessMaker

Define and

Characterize the

Market Data

BB services Design DSL

Access Network

VPIaccessMaker VPIaccessMaker

Perform Techno

Economic

Analysis

Design

Parameters/

.Rules

DSL Network

components

Economic

factors

Customers

demand

Market

Evolution Data

DSL Network

Design

BB market Economic Analysis

of DSL Network


PlanningPlanning process for planning of process for planning of wireless BB access networkwireless BB access network

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� The case studies present the planning process that needs to be performed for evaluation of wireless broadband access in rural and remoteareas

PlanningPlanning case studies performed with case studies performed with available network planning toolsavailable network planning tools

� Planning includes market definition and optimization of the access network. First access network is optimized regardless of the terrain characteristics, then network is analysed for coverage and result is adjusted correspondingly

� The case studies are planned with professionalNP tools, available through ITU partners


Planning tools Planning tools –– One Plan Access (One Plan Access (VPIaccessMakerVPIaccessMaker))

Market capture for a service provider

Market definition

Evolution forecasting

Demand mapping

Technology modeling

Network design optimization

Roll-out results

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It can be used for planning and optimizing single links (e.g. path loss,

coverage and availability calculations) as well as for doing network-wide

analysis (e.g. interference calculation, channel assignment).

MULTIlink is a complete solution

for fast microwave link

engineering and designing of

PMP/WLL/LMDS networks.

Planning tools Planning tools -- LStelcomLStelcom MULTIlinkMULTIlink


Oman – Test Case study

Rural market – Muscat area

ITU/BDT Arab ITU/BDT Arab Regional Regional

Workshop onWorkshop on

““ Wireless Wireless Network Network

EvolutionEvolution ””

MuscatMuscat--Oman, 03Oman, 03--05 05 May 2004May 2004

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Case study Oman - Market forecasting:

� Market based on inhabitants / households per sq. km. and penetration from 2% to 10%

� Permanent service –Residential - connection at 64 Kbit/sBusiness - connection at 128 Kbit/s


Case study Oman - Technology definition :

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CCaseasestudy study Oman - Planning processPlanning process::


BS coverage

calculation

CCaseasestudy study Oman - Planning wirelessPlanning wireless::

Max server

coverage

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Case study – Papua New Guinea :TELIKOM planning team

Suburban / Rural market – Port Moresby area


Case study Papua New Guinea –Suburban and rural area :

TELIKOM planning -

wireless BB access

User per sector: 254 Sector payload: 18 Mbps

Radius per BS: 3 KM Frequency of Operation:2.3,

2.4 GHz Bandwidth: 3.5 MHz

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CCaseasestudystudy Papua New Guinea –Planning Planning processprocess::

optimization of service

areas


CCaseasestudystudy Papua New Guinea –Planning wirelessPlanning wireless::

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Case study Bamako - suburban area :

Wireline xDSLand WiMAX overlay


CCaseasestudy study BamakoBamako - Planning processPlanning process::

Technology specification

Network Optimization

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BS coverage

calculation

CCaseasestudy study BamakoBamako - Planning wirelessPlanning wireless::

BS coverage calculation


Case study Bamako – Wireless access network :

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Case study Bamako - Economic Analysis :

Revenues, Costs, NPN


� Planning of broadband wireless accessrequires additional analysis with regard to evaluation and optimization of the terrain coverage

Conclusions for Conclusions for planningplanning of of bradbandbradbandwirelesswirelessaccessaccess

� Effective planning of broadband wireless access in rural and remote areas includes application of appropriate planning tools

� Service/market forecasting, access network optimization and economic analysis are main phases of planning also for broadband wireless access in rural and remote areas

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Requirements to services and customer segments definition andforecastingforecasting

e.g. Permanent serviceDefined by required bandwidth or bit rate

Typical for rural and remote areas : Individual, fa mily, communeservices/users

Broadband penetrationforecasts for the residential

market - EU

Forecasting of customer segmentse.g. Residential market:

Logistic orGompertz'

Linear

Exponential

Beginning interval Average interval Saturation interval

Time

Saturation limit

y (e.g. no. of subscribers)

0

trend

trend

trend


Requirements to the modeling of usermodeling of user locations

nodes / sites

= >

= >

zones /areas

Digital maps – Geo data

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Requirements to the geographical information

� Orthorectified satellite images and aerial photography

� Scanned paper maps (raster format)

Satellite image - resolution of 0.64m to 5m is available on the market for nearly every area in the world (aerial photography is more precise -usually has a pixel resolution of 0.1m to 2m)

DTM

DEM

DBM Clutter data (Sea, Forest, Industrial areas, Dense Urban, etc.)

Elevation data


Requirements to the network optimizationLocation on nodes : Service areas :

E.g. optimal placement of BS E.g. optimal service areas of a BS

� wireless resource is limited, i.e. not possible to have several BS in the same or nearly the same location, as is the case with wireline nodes (e.g. DSLAMs)

� in some wireless technologies served area is function of the traffic load (the

sells breathing effect)

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Requirements to the radio network planning

Non-Terrain Based• Use of "effective antenna height"• Monotonous decline of field strength with

increasing distance to transmitterExample: ITU-R P. 370

DTM Based• Diffraction, shading, reflection• Terrain elevation and land use (morphology)• 2D and 3D models

Examples: "Epstein-Peterson", "Longley&Rice", "Okumura-Hata"

Prediction Models :

Scattering Diffraction

FreespacePropagation

Reflection

Tropospheric EffectsAtmosph. AbsorptionLoss f>10 GHz

Rain Attenuationf>5GHz


� More complex statistical analysis of users in underdeveloped peripheral and rural areas

Future short and longFuture short and long--term workterm work

� Optional, field trials based on case study results

� Additional typical case studies from rural and remote areas of less developed regions

� Application of other NP tolls (through ITU) and preparation of general technical toolsrequirements for planning of broadband wireless access in rural and remote areas

doc no. itu-apt.ws-ngn-07-pp-23 · itu/apt workshop 16 – 17 march 2007, bangkok, thailan d...

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