doc.: ieee 802.15 -16 0246 00 007a project: ieee p802.15...

March 2016

Kookmin University Slide 1

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Submission Title: Invisible-Watermarking Image Sensor Communication (IISC)

Date Submitted: March 2016

Source: Mohammad Arif Hossain, Nam Tuan Le, Trang Nguyen, Yeong Min Jang [Kookmin University],

Sung-Hee Lee, and Nam-Kyung Lee [ETRI].

Contact: +82-2-910-5068 E-Mail: [email protected]

Re:

Abstract: This is a proposal for Invisible-Watermarking Image Sensor Communication (IISC) Scheme

based on the Intensity Modulation technique of a image pixel. The proposed scheme is asynchronous and

supportive for frame rate variation. This scheme is feasible for different kind of digital signage application,

smart advertising, device-to-device communication and so on.

Purpose: Call for Proposal Response

Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for

discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this

document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right

to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.

Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE

and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a

Submission

Kookmin University Submission

doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

Invisible-Watermarking

Image Sensor Communication (IISC)


Content

Introduction

Details of technologies

System Topology

Implementation

doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016


doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

Introduction


doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

Invisible-Watermarking Image Sensor Communication (IISC): Communication

between any image senor such as camera and imaging device, for instance, display,

monitor, digital signage etc. can be defined as IISC.

Display MonitorUser

Smartphone

http://litelcom.com

Hidden bit

transmision

Transmitter

Receiver

Web address received

Figure 1: Illustration of Invisible-Watermarking Image Sensor Communication


doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

Fields of Application:

1) Display to Camera Communication

2) Device-to-device communication

3) Display-User Interaction

4) Augmented Reality

5) Smart Advertising

6) Online payment

7) Online map viewing

8) Indoor navigation

9) Location based services


doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

Advantages:

1) Dual use of display (Advertising and Communication simultaneously)

2) Electromagnetic interference free communication

3) No hardware modification

4) Supporting any image format

5) Feasible for static and video image

6) Distortion less data transmission

7) Dynamic real-time data transmission

8) Less computation

9) Less complexity

Disadvantages:

1) Perspective distortion

2) Motion blur

3) Illumination


Detail of technologies

doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016


doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

Working Principle

Image Frame

Steps:

1. During video transmission, one image frame is

made as reference image and the sequential image

frame is modulated to transmit data i.e. the frame

#i is the reference frame and the #(i+1) is the data

frame.

2. The image is divided into NxM block where each

block contains group of pixel. If the image frame

contains PxQ pixel (P=row of pixel, Q= column of

pixel), then every block will contain approximately

(PxQ)/(NxM)= R pixels.

3. The data can be embedded real-time or prior to

data transmission.

4. The data bit ‘1’ interprets changing in the average

intensity or less intensity elements of the pixel

block; while the ‘0’ indicates no variation in the

intensity of the pixels in the block.

5. The reference image and the data image is

compared to extract the data.

NxM pixel block


doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

100111010101……..0100100011101001 (256 bit)

Reference Image Frame Embedded Image Frame

(Camera view-Human eye can

detect the little change in

intensity)

Data Image Frame

16x16 pixel block

Reference Image Frame

frame #i

Embedded Image Frame

frame #(i+1)

Camera frame ( If the

frame rate is 30 fps,

then half of the frame

will carry data)

Data embedding Mechanism


doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

Implementation of Invisible-Watermarking ISC

(Non-Flicker Mode)


doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

Illustration of the Implementation work

Figure: Demonstration of the implemented invisible embedded data for smart digital

signage system. (Right side display contains an original video image while the left one

includes the embedded data inside the image of the video)


doc.: IEEE 802.15-16- 0246-00-007a March 2016

Invisibility Analysis

Figure: Histogram analysis of RGB part of the

original image and the modified image.

Figure: Image used in implementation and

histogram analysis.

(a) Original image and (b) Modified image

doc.: ieee 802.15 -16 0246 00 007a project: ieee p802.15...

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