do now you work 8 hours and earn $60. what is your earning rate? (important to include units.) you...
TRANSCRIPT
Do Now
You work 8 hours and earn $60. What is your earning rate? (Important to include units.)
You buy 14 gallons of gasoline at $ 3.65 per gallon. What is your total cost?
1.)
2.)
A baseball travels at 90 kilometers per hour. What is the speed in meters per second?
3.)
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$7.50 per hr
$51.10
25 m / s
hr
km
1
90
sec
25m
km
m
1
1000
min60
1hr
sec60
min1
Do Now
Use your calculator to evaluate the expression.
1.)
2.)
3.)
9 – 8 - 20119 – 8 - 2011
9526
95)2( 6
2)9144(
4.)3
2675
DoSimplify the expression.
1.) 2.)
9 – 9 - 20119 – 9 - 2011
)23(2)4(6 yxyx yxyx 5234
y2x6yx 246 yx 46
y28
CAN USE THEM ON YOUR TESTS!
HELPS YOU WITH YOUR ASSIGNMENT!
1.11.1 Real Numbers and Number Operations
What you should learn:GoalGoal 11
GoalGoal 22
Use a number line to graph and order real numbers.
Identify properties of and use operations with real numbers.
Whole numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, …
Integers: …-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, …Integers: …-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, …
Real numbers: include fractions, decimals, whole numbers, and Integers.
0-1-2-3 1 2 3
originpositive #’snegative #’s
Graph the numbers on the number line.
Ex 1)
0-1-2-3 1 2 3
0, -3, 1
Ex 2) 2, -1, -2
Write two inequalities that compare the numbers.
Ex 1) 0, -3, 1
Ex 2) 2, -1, -2
-3 < 0 <1
-2< -1< 2
Write numbers in increasing order.
Ex 1) 0.34, -3.3, 1.12
Ex 2) 2.23, 2.2, -2.23
-2.23< 2.2 < 2.23
-3.3 < 0.34 < 1.12
Properties of Addition and MultiplicationProperties of Addition and MultiplicationProperties of Addition and MultiplicationProperties of Addition and Multiplication
1. a + b = b + a Commutative property
2. (a + b) + c = a +(b + c) Associative property
3. a + (-a ) = 0 Inverse property
a b = b a
(a b) c = a ( b c )
0,11
aa
a
4. a(b + c) = ab + ac
Distributive property
Identity property5. a + 0 = a
aa 1
Using Unit Using Unit AnalysisAnalysisPerform the given operation. Give the answer with the appropriate unit of measure.
You ride in a train for 175 miles at an average speed of 50 miles per hour. How many hours does the trip take?
example
175 50mileshour
miles
Reflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the Section
When converting units with unit analysis, how do you choose whether to use a particular conversion factor or its reciprocal?
assignmentassignment
DoDoPerform indicated conversion.
1.)
2.)
3.)
9 – 12 - 20119 – 12 - 2011
4.)
116
350 feet to yards
3
2
5 hours to minutes
300 minutes
6800 seconds to hours
2.2 kilograms to grams
2200 grams
1 9
8hoursyards
1.21.2 Evaluate and Simplify Algebraic Expressions
What you should learn:GoalGoal 11
GoalGoal 22
Evaluate algebraic expressions.
Simplify algebraic expressions by combining like terms.
Numerical expressionNumerical expression consists of numbers, operations, and grouping symbols.
Expressions Containing Exponents. Expressions Containing Exponents.
4444445 Example:
The number 4 is the BASE,the number 5 is the EXPONENT, and
54 is the POWER.
Order of Operations
ParenthesesExponents
Multiplication and Division
Addition and Subtraction
3. Then do multiplications and divisions from left to right
1. First do operations that occur within symbols of grouping. 2. Then evaluate powers
4. Finally do additions and subtractions from left to right.
Variable is a letter that represents a number.
Values of the variable are the numbers.
Algebraic expression is a collection of numbers, variables, operations, and grouping symbols.
Value of the expression is the answer after the expression is evaluated.
Evaluate is to make a substitution, do the work, and determine the value.
Definitions:
362554 2 yyxyyx
Terms: are the number.
Coefficient: is the constant in front of the variable.
Like Terms:
Constant term
Ex)4
)2( )2)(2)(2)(2( 16
Ex) 4
2 )2)(2)(2)(2( 16
Evaluate the power.
EvaluateEvaluate the expression when x = 4 and y = 8.
ex) yx 94
)8(9)4(4 substitute
7216
56
Do the work
Get the value
Reflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the Section
What does it mean to EVALUATE?
assignmentassignment
Do NowSolve for x.
1.)
9 – 13 - 20119 – 13 - 2011
63 x
3x
Perimeter = 45
63 x
3x
63 x 3x63 x3x + + + = 45
1.31.3 Solving Linear Equations
What you should learn:GoalGoal 11
GoalGoal 22
Solve linear equations
Use linear equations to solve real-life problems.
Using Addition or Subtraction
The key to success: Whatever operation is done on one side of the equal sign, the same operation must be done on the other side.
Inverse operations undo each other. Examples are addition and subtraction.
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
Generalization:
If a number has been added to the variable, subtract that number from both sides of the equal sign.
If a number has been subtracted from the variable, add that number to both sides of the equal sign.
ex) 63 x3 3
ex) 64 x4 4
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
Generalization:
If a variable has been multiplied by a nonzero number, divide both sides by that number.
example: 4x = - 12
4 4
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
Generalization:
If a variable has been divided by a number, multiply both sides by that number.
example:2
6
x6 6
Hint: you always start looking at the side of the equal sign that has the Variable.
Hint: you always start looking at the side of the equal sign that has the Variable.
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
ex)x
5
24
ex) 43
2x
2
3
2
3
2
5
2
5
2
12x
x2
20
6
10
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
Generalization:
First undo the addition or subtraction, using the inverse operation.
Second undo the multiplication or division, using the inverse operation.
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
20105
w
example:
10 10
105
w
5 5
example: 1024 c2 2
124 c
4 4
3c
subtract 10
multiple by 5
Solving Multi-Step Equations
example:
4 4186 x
6 6
3x
14442 xx
1446 x
Solving Multi-Step Equations
Example) 8325 xxx5 x5
822 xMove the smaller
#.8 8
x210 22
x5
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
Reflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the Section
How does Solving a linear equation differ from Simplifying a linear expression?
assignmentassignment
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
Page 21 # 3 – 13 odd, 21- 25 odd, 68
(Day 1 of 2)
example: )5(4)2(2 xx
4 4246 x
6 6
4x
20442 xx
2046 x
Solving Multi-Step Equations
x4 x4
DoDoPerform indicated conversion.
1.)
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A salesperson at Taylor Ford has a base salary of $20,000 per year and earns a 5% commission on total sales. How much must the salesperson sell to earn $40,000 in one year?
$400,000
example: )4(6)12(3 xx
x6 x6
24369 x
9 9
33333333.1x
246363 xx
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
(Day 2 of 2)
36 36
129 x3
4Book Answer
Are they the same?
example: 281
51 xx
15384615.6x
24013 x13
40
Solving Multi-Step Equations
1340
1326
Book Answer
Are they the same?
1380
Example) 8262 xxx2 x2
86
No Solution
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
Example) 7676 xxx6 x6
77
All Solutions orAll Real Numbers work
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
Reflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the Section
What do you do when you have variables on both sides of the equal sign?
Solving Linear EquationsSolving Linear Equations
Page 22 # 33 – 65 odd, 70, 71
Do Now
1.)
9 – 15 - 20119 – 15 - 2011
You can estimate the diameter of a tree without boring through it by measuring its circumference. Solve the formula for d.C = d
1.41.4 Rewriting Formulas and Equations
What you should learn:GoalGoal 11
GoalGoal 22
Rewrite equations with more than one variable
Rewrite common formulas.
example:
1042 y
2 2
124 y
4 4
3y
Rewriting Formulas and Equations
Solve for y
example:
Rewriting Formulas and Equations
Solve for y
y - =
+ +
+y =
Like Terms
example:
Rewriting Formulas and Equations
y + =- -
+y = -
+y = -
Solve for y
example:
y
y
y
Rewriting Formulas and Equations
Solve for y
cayb Solve this equation for y.
b bcbay
Ex 1)
a a
a
cby
(3.7) Formulas
1st Solve this equation for y
x12 x12
15123 xy
Ex ) 15312 yx
-3 -354 xy
Formulas
5)2(4 y
= 3
2; xthen, find the value of y for the given value of x. (substitute)
-32nd
Reflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the Section
What does it mean to solve for a variable in an equation?
Page 30 # 7 – 14 ALLPage 22 # 56 – 66 EVEN
First, solve this equation for y, then substitute.
# 7 pg 30 ) 263 yx
Formulas
7; x
cbx )(2
Solve this equation for x.
b2 b2
cbx 22
Ex 2)
cbx 22
2 2
2
2 cbx
(3.7) Formulas
bhA2
1
Solve this equation for b.
Ex 3)
h h
bh
A
2
1
1
2
1
2
bh
A
2
(3.7) Formulas
Example)
Solve the investment-at-simple-interest formula A = P + Prt for t.
A = P + Prt-P -P
A – P = Prt
Pr
Pr= tA - P
Pr
(3.7) Formulas
xx 24 How do you solve for x?
now solve this one for C?
rCCs
(3.7) Formulas
First, substitute the given value for x, then solve this equation for y.
24 2493 y
Ex ) 2;15312 xyx
-3 -3
3y
Formulas
153)2(12 y
If not NOW, when?
You have budgeted $100 to improve your swimming. At your local pool, it costs $50 to join and $5 each visit. Find the number of visits you can have within your budget.
9 – 16 - 20119 – 16 - 2011 do
Page 1010 # 1 – 27 ALLPage 65 # 1 – 17 ALL
Go to STAT
1: Edit
*CLEAR the dataBy highlighting the numbers underneath L1, L2, L3 (not the L(not the L11))
No “DO NOW” today
BUT,…get a calculator
1.51.5 Problem Solving Using Algebraic Models
What you should learn:GoalGoal 11 Use general problem solving plan to
solve real-life problems
Go to STAT
1: Edit
*fill in the data
Go to STAT again
over to CALC
4: LinReg(ax+b)
Enter
12
Looking for a Pattern
The table gives the heights to the top of the first few stories of a tall building. Determine the height to the top of the 15th story.
After the lobby, the height increases by 12 feet per story.
SOLUTION
Look at the differences in the heights given in the table.
Story
Height to topof story (feet)
Lobby 1 2 3 4
20 32 44 56 68
12
20 3232 44
12 12
44 5656 68
Go to STAT
1: Edit
*fill in the data
Go to STAT again
over to CALC
4: LinReg(ax+b)
Look at our data
x 0 1 2 3 4
y 20 32 44 56 68
y = ax+b
a = 12b = 20
That means your equation is
y = 12x + 20
Enter
On your screen
Go to STAT
1: Edit
*fill in the data
Go to STAT again
over to CALC
4: LinReg(ax+b)
Page 37 # 11
x 0 1 2 3
y 11 15 19 23
y = ax+b
a = 4b = 11
That means your equation is
y = 4x + 11
On your screen
Enter
Page 37 # 11 – 15, and 22, 23
This word equation is called a verbal model.
USING A PROBLEM SOLVING PLAN
The verbal model is then used to write a mathematical statement, which is called an algebraic model.
WRITE AVERBAL MODEL.
ASSIGN LABELS.
WRITE AN ALGEBRAIC MODEL.
It is helpful when solving real-life problems to first write an equation in words before you write it in mathematical symbols.
SOLVE THEALGEBRAIC MODEL.
ANSWER THE QUESTION.
Writing and Using a Formula
The Bullet Train runs between the Japanese cities of Osaka and Fukuoka, a distance of 550 kilometers. When it makes no stops, it takes 2 hours and 15 minutes to make the trip. What is the average speed of the Bullet Train?
r550
2.25=
Write algebraic model.
Divide each side by 2.25.
Use a calculator.r244
Writing and Using a Formula
LABELS
VERBAL MODEL Distance = Rate • Time
550Distance = (kilometers)
2.25Time = (hours)
rRate = (kilometers per hour)
ALGEBRAIC MODEL
You can use the formula d = r t to write a verbal model.
The Bullet Train’s average speed is about 244 kilometers per hour.
d = r t•r550 (2.25)=
Writing and Using a Formula
You can use unit analysis to check your verbal model.
550 kilometers 244 kilometers
hour• 2.25 hours
UNIT ANALYSIS
USING OTHER PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES
When you are writing a verbal model to represent a real-life problem, remember that you can use otherproblem solving strategies, such as draw a diagram, look for a pattern, or guess, check and revise, to helpcreate a verbal model.
Drawing a Diagram
RAILROADS In 1862, two companies were given the rights to build a railroad from Omaha, Nebraska to Sacramento, California. The Central Pacific Company began from Sacramento in 1863. Twenty-four months later, the Union Pacific company began from Omaha. The Central Pacific Company averaged 8.75 miles of track per month. The Union Pacific Company averaged 20 miles of track per month.
The companies met in Promontory, Utah, as the 1590 miles of track were completed. In what year did they meet? How many miles of track did each company build?
Write algebraic model.1590 = 8.75 + (t – 24)20t
Union Pacific time = (months)t – 24
Union Pacific rate = 20 (miles per month)
Central Pacific time =
(months)t
Central Pacific rate = 8.75 (miles per month)
Total miles of track = 1590 (miles)
Drawing a Diagram
ALGEBRAIC MODEL
LABELS
VERBAL MODEL
Total miles
of track= +• Number of
monthsMiles per
month
Central Pacific
•Number of
monthsMiles per
month
Union Pacific
Divide each side by 28.75.72 = t
The construction took 72 months (6 years) from the time theCentral Pacific Company began in 1863. They met in 1869.
1590 = 8.75 t + 20 (t – 24)ALGEBRAIC MODEL
Write algebraic model.
Drawing a Diagram
1590 = 8.75 t + 20 t – 480
2070 = 28.75 t
Distributive property
Simplify.
Drawing a Diagram
The number of miles of track built by each company is as follows:
Central Pacific:
Union Pacific:
• 72 months
• (72 – 24) months
8.75 miles
20 miles
month
month
= 630 miles
= 960 miles
The construction took 72 months (6 years) from the time The Central Pacific Company began in 1863.
You can use the observed pattern to write a model for the height.
Substitute 15 for n.
Write algebraic model.
Simplify.
= + h 20 12 n
Height to top of a story = h (feet)
Height per story =
12 (feet per story)
Height of lobby = 20 (feet)
ALGEBRAIC MODEL
= 200
Height to topof a story = Height per
story • Storynumber
Height oflobby +
= 20 + 12 (15)
Story number = n (stories)
LABELS
VERBAL MODEL
The height to the top of the 15th story is 200 feet.
Looking for a Pattern
Reflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the Section
After you have set up and solved an algebraic model for problem description, what remains to be done?
assignmentassignment
1.61.6 Solving Linear Inequalities
What you should learn:GoalGoal 11
GoalGoal 22
Solve simple inequalities
Solve compound inequalities.
Verbal Phrase
All real numbers less than 3
Inequality
x < 3
Graph
0 1 2 3-1-2
Let’s describe the Let’s describe the inequality in different inequality in different
ways.ways.
Verbal Phrase
All real numbers greater than or equal to 0
Inequality
Graph
0 1 2 3-1-2
0x
What about this one…What about this one…
Solving Linear Inequalities
Ex 1)
You solve these just like you solved other linear equations.
35 x5 5
2x
Subtract 5
Solving Linear Inequalities
Ex 2) 74 x4 4
3x
Add 4
Solving 2-Step Linear Inequalities
ex) 283 xBeware….
8 863 x
Watch this… 3 32x
Reverse the inequality!Because you divided by a negative.
xx 5344
Solving Linear Inequalities with Variables on both sides
x5x5
349 x4 4
19 x9 9
9
1x
3)42(4 x
Solving Linear Inequalities using the Distributive Property
88
516 x16 16
16
5x
3168 x
xx 383494
Solving Linear Inequalities using Combing Like terms and variables on both sides of the equal sign.
55
0x
55 x
xx 3554 x3x3
Solving Compound Inequalities Involving “And”
A Compound Inequality consists of two inequalities connected by the word andand or the word oror.
A Compound Inequality consists of two inequalities connected by the word andand or the word oror.
40 x
All real numbers that are
greater than or equal to zero and less than 4.
All real numbers that are
greater than or equal to zero and less than 4.
0 1 2 3 4-1
10832 x
Solve for x.
8 8
1836 x3 3
62 x
8
3
61 2 3 4 5
122 x
Solve for x.
2 2
30 x1 1
30 x
1
0-3 -2 -1
2
62 x
Write an inequality that represents the statement.
ex 1) x is less than 6 and greater than 2.
103 x
ex 2) x is less than or equal to 10 and greater than -3.
20 x
ex 3) x is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2.
Write an inequality that represents the statement.
ex 4) The frequency of a human voice is measured in hertz and has a range of 85 hertz to 1100 hertz.
110085 x
3x
What if...
and 6x
3 6
What numbers make bothboth statements true?
3x
What if...
and 6x
3 6
What numbers make bothboth statements true?
No, just the 6x
5x
What if...
and 5x
-5 5
Can this happen??
A number can’t be both….
Solving Compound Inequalities Involving “Or”
Remember…
A Compound Inequality consists of two inequalities connected by the word andand or the word oror.
Remember…
A Compound Inequality consists of two inequalities connected by the word andand or the word oror.
All real numbers that are
Less than -1 oror greater than 2.
All real numbers that are
Less than -1 oror greater than 2.
1x 2xoror
0 1 2 3-2 -1
413 x
Solve for x and graph.
752 xoror
61
1 133 x
3 3
1x
5 5
122 x2 2
6x
37 x
Solve for x and graph.
242 xoror
1210
7 710x
2 2
12x
14 x
Solve for x and graph.
155 xoror
-3-5
4 45x
5 5
3x
Is x = -4 a solution?
3x
What if...
oror 6x
3 6
What numbers make the statement true?
3x
What if...
oror 6x
3 6
What numbers make the statement true?All numbers greater than 3
Reflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the Section
Compare solving linear inequalities with solving linear equalities.
assignmentassignment
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
9 –- 20119 –- 2011 Do
Today
We will take the last section of notes when the Quiz C is complete. If you want to retake Quiz B, get one from Mrs. S.
I will be checking your Do NowsDo Nows and NotesNotes
Get Ready!
(8) Do Nows Notes: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7
1.71.7 Solving Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities
What you should learn:GoalGoal 11
GoalGoal 22
Solve absolute value equations and inequalities
Use absolute value equations and inequalities to solve real-life problems.
An open sentence involving absolute absolute valuevalue should be interpreted, solved, and graphed as a compoundcompound sentence.
Study the examples:…
Taking Notes
Last section this chapter
Test Tomorrow!
(8) Do Nows Notes: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7
An open sentence involving absolute valueabsolute value should be interpreted, solved, and graphed as a compoundcompound sentence.
Study the examples:…
For cbax 0c
cbax cbax
, x is a solution of
or
For 0c , x has no solution
cbax
example 1a) 2x
2x 2xor
2-2
8xexample 1b)
What can x be?
What can x be?
Nothing…, no solution
example 2) 43 x
43 x 43 xor
-3 -3 -3 -3
1x 7x
1-7
example 3) 725 y
725 y 725 yor
+2 +2 +2 +2
95 y 55 y
5 5 55
0 1 2 3-1-2
5
41y 1y
example 4) 275 x
95 x 95 xor
-5 -5 -5 -5
4x 14x
4-14
7 7
95 x
1ST get absolute valueabsolute value
by itself.
Reflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the Section
The equation
assignmentassignment
Does the equation
45105 x has two solutions.
also have two solutions?
45105 x
Page 55 # 9 – 31 oddPage 62 # 17 – 22
Solving Absolute Value Inequalities
An absolute-value inequality is an inequality that has one of these forms:
cbax
cbax
cbax
cbax
example 2) 1043 x
1043 x 1043 xand
-4 -4 -4 -4
63 x 143 x
3 3 33
0 1 2-3 -1-2
2x 3
24x
-4-5
example 3) 514 x
514 x 514 xor
-1 -1 -1 -1
44 x 64 x
4 4 44
0 1 2-3 -1-2
1x2
11x
example 4) 743 x
Solve each open sentence.
example 5) 743 x
No solution
All numbers work.
example 6) 063 x No solution
example 7) 033 x 1
Graph each on a number line.
2x
2x
2x-1 1 20-2-3 3
-1 1 20-2-3 3
-1 1 20-2-3 3
Let’s do some examples…..
example 8) 523 x
523 x 523 xand
-3 -3 -3 -3
22 x 82 x
-2 -2 -2-2
0 1 2-1 3
1x 4x
4
example 9) 712 x
712 x 712 xor
+1 +1 +1 +1
82 x 62 x
2 2 22
4-3
4x 3x
Reflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the SectionReflection on the Section
How are absolute value inequalities containing a
assignmentassignment
symbol solved differently from those containing a or
or symbol?