DO NOW

Without using your book what are the three branches of Natural Science?

Earth and Space, Life, Physical

Physical Science

Space and Time

Matter and Change

Forces and Motion

Energy

Scientific Method

An organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information

Step 1: Ask a question.

Step 2: Make an observation

Step 3: Form a Hypothesis

Scientific Method

Step 4: Test your hypothesis (Experiment)

Step 5: Analyze Results

Step 6: Draw Conclusions

Step 7: Communicate results and develop a Theory

Theory versus Law

Scientific Theory: a well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results. This is created when a hypothesis has been supported

in repeated experiments

Scientific Law: describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it.

Scientific Models

Make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to observe directly.

A way of expressing a number between 1 and 10 and a power of 10.

Can be used for very large or very small numbers.

400,000,000 can be expressed 4.0 x 108

0.000000007 can be expressed 7.0 x 10-9

Scientific Notation

50,000,000= 5.0 x 107

900,000= 9.0 x 105

0.00000003= 3.0 x 10-8

0.002= 2.0 x 10-3

23,000,000,000=2.3 x 1010

450,000= 4.5 x 105

Write the Scientific Notation for the following numbers

When you are asked to multiply two numbers in scientific notations, multiple the numbers in front and then add the notations.

(3.0 x 109) x (5.0 x 103) = 15.0 x 1012 =1.5 x 1013

Multiplying

When you are asked to divide two numbers in scientific notations, divide the numbers in front and then subtract the notations.

(9.0 x 109) / (3.0 x 103) = 3.0 x 106

Dividing

SI – International System of units Length – straight-line distance between 2

points meter

Mass – the quantity of matter in an object Kilogram

SI Units for Measurement

Volume- amount of space taken up by an object.

• Cubic meters m3

Density – ratio of an objects mass to its volume.

Kilograms per cubic meter kg/m3

SI Units

Time- Seconds s

Temperature- kelvin K

Amount of substance- mole mol

Electric Current- ampere A

SI Units

Giga-Mega-Kilo- Deci- Centi- Milli- Micro- Nano-

SI Prefixes

Precision- gauge of how exact a measurement is. The more significant figures in a number the more

precise the number. The precision of a calculation is limited to the least

precise number in the calculation.

7.0856256367 x 4.56734 =

Limits of Measurement

DO NOW

Take out your homeworkWrite the following in scientific notation 43500000000000000.0000007

Accuracy- the closeness of a measurement to the actual value of what is being measured.

Limits of Measurement

Measuring Temperature

Thermometers: Bulb thermometers consist of a sealed, narrow glass

tube, called a capillary tube. As the temperature changes, the volume of the liquid changes.

K= oC + 273 F= 9/5oC + 32.0o

Organizing Data

Use data tables and graphs.

Make it easier to visualize the patterns and changes.

Line Graph

shows changes that occur in related variables (often time).

Slope = Rise/Run

Direct proportion- ratio of the variables is constant.

Inverse proportion- relationship where the product of the two variables is constant.

Bar Graph

Used to compare a set of measurements, amounts, or change.

Circle Graph

Sometimes called Pie Chart Parts related to a whole

Communicating Data

Scientific Journals

Conferences