Do-NowDo-Now Please take a few moments to define

these terms using your textbook:

Totalitarianism Fascism Purge Nazism Axis Powers Appeasement

Wednesday, March 11th

AgendaFDR Video clipBeginning a new unit – WWII: rise of dictators

Homework

Leading Into World War II

24.1 - The 1920’s and 1930’s rise of dictators in the Soviet Union, Italy, Germany, & Spain

Do-Now:Please take a few moments to define these terms using your textbook

Totalitarianism Fascism Purge Nazism Axis Powers Appeasement

And meanwhile in Europe… 1936 Nuremburg Party Rally

Adolf Hitler leads 180,000 in an “Oath to Germany” Banners, flags, spotlights, stages Grand spectacles essential to building power

Totalitarian Government Totalitarian rule-

exerting total control over a nation dominates every aspect of life in that country power derived from the destruction of individuals those who disagree are silenced, beaten, killed

Fascism Fascism-

system of government marked by stringent social and economic control, a strong, centralized government usually headed by a dictator, and often a policy of belligerent nationalism

emphasizes the importance of a nation, or ethnic group, and the supreme authority of a leader

Fascist Dictators Adolf Hitler (Germany) Benito Mussolini (Italy)

Communism Communism-

A system of government based on the idea that all goods and land are owned by the society as a whole. The good of the community is placed above the good of the individual.

Although they share some similarities, communist and fascist leaders have historically been enemies

Do-NowDo-Now Please take a few moments to review

yesterday’s definitions.

Totalitarianism Fascism Purge Nazism Axis Powers Appeasement

Thursday, March 12th

Agenda• Notes on the rise of Dictators• Editorial Composition

HomeworkFinish your editorial, if you did not do so in class

Leading into World War II

24.1 - The 1920’s and 1930’s rise of dictators in the Soviet Union, Italy, Germany, & Spain

Meet the Dictators

Soviet Union

Joseph Stalin Took over after Lenin died

(Lenin more moderate, NEP) 1924 “One great leap forward” a vicious brand of communism, reworked economy Like fascism, communism relies on a strong dictator, and

does not represent or preserve individual rights or freedoms

Stalin’s Economic Plan “Collectivization campaign” 5 year plan

Convert small family farms to huge, gov’t controlled plots

Belligerent Nationalism Faced with resistance, Stalin reacted:

forcing the poor off their lands confiscating the food they produced Sending millions to labor camps in Siberia

Agricultural production fell, forced rationing

Stalin’s Economic Plan (cont.) Also pursued rapid industrialization

Assigned millions of laborers from rural areas to build and run new industrial centers

All government money flowed into goods like: Iron, steel, oil, and coal… not into housing clothing,

consumer goods Resulted in shortages of essential products Standard of living plummeted

Despite troubles, by 1940, Stalin was successful The Soviet Union was a modern industrial power

Stalin’s Reign of Terror Political Domination via purges

“Purified” the Communist Party by removing opponents and anyone else he believed to be a threat to his power or ideas

Great Purge of 1939 Stalin’s agents arrested >7 million people >1 million executed, millions of others in camps Purges successfully eliminated any resistance

Fascism in Italy

Benito Mussolini “Il Duce,” the leader Fought and injured in WWI Believed the Versailles treaty deprived Italy Charismatic speaker, found supporters Formed the revolutionary Fascist party, 1919

Fascism in Italy Organized gangs of fascists

developed around Italy Vowed to end Italy’s economic problems Blackshirts – thugs who control the opposition

By 1922, Mussolini had built so much power, he threatened to march on Rome The king of Italy panicked and appointed him prime minister

Fascism in Italy

Goal 1: to improve economic conditions suspended elections, outlawed other political parties Established a dictatorship Firm control improved Italy’s economy

Other European nations commend him!

Fascism in Italy

Goal 2: to build an empire Dreams of a new Roman empire Fascist slogan: “A country is nothing without conquest”

1935, Italy invades Ethiopia Overpowered Ethiopian resistance Ethiopian emperor fled

Other European nations horrified!

Hitler’s Rise to Power

Austrian, wounded in WWI

Furious with Germany’s part in the Versailles treaty Stripped Germany of land and colonies Huge burden of debt for war damage in Fr, Bel, GB War-guilt clause which blamed Germany for starting WWI

The Nazi Party

1919, Hitler joins the National Socialist German Workers’ Party, or Nazi Party Fascism with German Nationalism and Racial Superiority

Hitler becomes leader of Nazi Party Powerful, fanatical public speaker Focus on German’s national humiliation drew support

Failed attempt to overthrow German Gov’t Hitler imprisoned, authors “Mein Kampf”

“Mein Kampf” “My Struggle,” composed in prison

Outlined Nazi philosophy His views on Germany’s problems

Blamed minorities for weakening Germany Notably, Jewish

Called for purification of the Aryan Race Removal of undesirable races = mass extermination / genocide

Nazi Propaganda

““White collar and manual workers of our people, White collar and manual workers of our people, you alone have to suffer the consequences of you alone have to suffer the consequences of this unheard-of treaty. Come and protest this unheard-of treaty. Come and protest against Germany being burdened with the war against Germany being burdened with the war guilt. Protest against the peace treaty of guilt. Protest against the peace treaty of Versailles which has been forced upon us…”Versailles which has been forced upon us…” -Nazi poster, Berlin, Germany, 1921-Nazi poster, Berlin, Germany, 1921

Germany turns to Hitler Great Depression hits Germany, 1930’s Nazi Party promises

National respect economic stabilization restored empire

1930 elections, Hitler loses to Paul von Hindenburg Hindenburg makes Hitler chancellor, head of German gov’t

Hitler as chancellor Ends freedom of speech, Violently silences critics using brownshirts, Nazi thugs

Hitler takes over German parliament burns down

Hitler blames communists Nazi party gains the majority Approved to pass a bill which would give

the Chancellor dictatorial powers

Hindenburg dies 1934

Hitler becomes both chancellor and president Calls himself “Der Fuhrer,” the leader

Do-NowDo-Now Please take a few moments to review

yesterday’s notes and familiarize yourself with the three profiles.

Joseph Stalin Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler

Begin work on your editorial

Friday, March 13th

Agenda• Editorial Composition : Alerting the American Public to the rise of dictators abroad• Organizing information activity

HomeworkFinish your charts if not completed in class.Enjoy your weekend.

Newspaper Editorial Write a 2-3 paragraph editorial criticizing

Stalin’s, Mussolini’s, or Hitler’s rule.

Be specific. Use at LEAST 4 valid, accurate details.

Have a purpose for your writing. For example:1. To alert Americans to a growing danger abroad2. To inform the U.S. government that Americans care about

injustices in other countries3. To demonstrate how fortunate Americans are to live in a

democracy4. Choice

Do-NowDo-Now Please take out your homework to be

checked (5 charts on totalitarianism)

Organize the following terms into categories:

Totalitarianism Fascism Communism Purge Nazism Hitler Mussolini Stalin

Monday, March 16th

AgendaHW check & Do-NowGo over charts togetherPrep Student-taught lessons

HomeworkComplete your lesson plans for tomorrow. Supplement reading / prepare lesson materials. Come prepared to teach the class.

Please re-create the chart in your notebook.

Year

Leader

Supporters

Postwar Problems

Reasons for Public Support

Directions Use chapter 24, section 1& 2 and your notes from

yesterday to fill in the information for each country: Soviet Union Italy Germany Japan Spain

Charts should be completed for homework if not finished in class. You may work with ONE partner, if you prefer.

Germany

Year 1932

Leader

Supporters

Postwar Problems

Reasons for Public Support

Italy

Year 1922

Leader

Supporters

Postwar Problems

Reasons for Public Support

Spain

Year 1939

Leader

Supporters

Postwar Problems

Reasons for Public Support

Japan

Year 1931

Leader

Supporters

Postwar Problems

Reasons for Public Support

Soviet Union

Year 1924

Leader

Supporters

Postwar Problems

Reasons for Public Support

Germany

Year 1932

Leader Adolf Hitler – “Mein Kampf”

Supporters Nazi Party – “brownshirts”

Postwar Problems Hit by DepressionPeople living in poverty

Reasons for Public Support

Inflation, unemploymentEconomic depressionUnhappiness with Treaty of Versailles – appealed to citizens’ feelings of humiliation

ItalyYear 1922

Leader Benito Mussolini

Supporters Fascist Party – “blackshirts”

Postwar Problems Strikes, riotsEconomic problems

Reasons for Public Support

High unemploymentDissatisfaction with terms of Treaty of VersaillesMussolini – WWI Veteran

SpainYear 1939

Leader Francisco Franco

Supporters Fascist Party (Nationalists)

Postwar Problems Civil war – Nationalists backed by Germans; Republicans backed by SovietsLabor strikes

Reasons for Public Support

Liberal reforms in 1931 constitutionIntimidation

JapanYear 1931

Leader Military Leaders

Supporters Militarists

Postwar Problems Needed natural resources to modernize

Reasons for Public Support

Worsening economic problems

Soviet UnionYear 1924

Leader Stalin

Supporters Communists

Postwar Problems Economic failurePeople starving

Reasons for Public Support

Reign of TerrorGreat Purge

Student-Taught Lessons Form 5, even groups Learn of assigned topic Read and discuss assigned topic Prepare 3-5 minute lesson on topic HW:

Supplemental research / lesson materials preparation

Tomorrow: Present lesson to the class

Student Taught Lessons Group 1: pgs 803-805

Hitler becomes Chancellor – Germany Expands

Group 2: pgs 805-806 The Spanish Civil War

Group 3: pgs 807-808 Setting the Scene – Invasion of Poland

Group 4: pgs 808-810 War in the West

Group 5: pgs 810-811 The Battle of Britain

Evaluation: Completeness of Information (15 points)

Make sure the lesson includes all main ideas and important information from the assigned reading

Effectiveness of the lesson (5 points) The lesson achieved the desired learning and all students

understood the information presented.

Creativity (5 points) The lesson was delivered creatively and engaged the

students in some form.