Aim: How do we prepare for the final

exam?DO NOW:

1. Take out review sheet2. What are three things you did not know

on the review sheet

“Blueprint for Living” Includes all things that contribute to the

development of society

Culture

Discover and interpret a society’s past Leakeys-archeologists Discovered that humans first came from

East Africa

Archeology

Dependent on rivers flooding to provide them with fertile land

Transportation and communication was promoted by mild climate, fertile soil and natural waterways

Early River Valley Civilizations:

Established the first democracy Divided into polis (city-states) because of

geography Advances in art, architecture and

philosophy

Ancient Greece

Developed concept of rule by law Created the first Republic Political corruption led to fall Fall of Rome led to period of disorder and

weak central government

Ancient Rome

Greek philosophers

Socrates/Plato/Aristotle

First emperors of the Roman Empire Ended the Republic Augustus began the 200 year period of Pax

Romana

Julius Caesar and Augustus

Discovery of agriculture Led to establishment of permanent

settlements Began in Middle East

Neolithic Revolution

King of Babylon First written code of law

Hammurabi

Conquered Greece and Persian Empire Hellenistic culture-blending of Greek,

Persian and Indian cultures

Alexander the Great

Five Relationships Social order-how a person acts is most

important Filial piety

Confucianism

Founder of Buddhism

Siddhartha Gautama

Traditional religions Appreciation for forces of nature Developed in Africa, Asia, Latin America

Animism

Animistic religion from Japan Worship of nature Emperor is a God

Shintoism

Originated in India Reincarnation Karma and dharma Caste system determined their social status Goal is to merge in brahmin

Hinduism

Eightfold Path Four Noble Truths Need to give up selfish desire Goal to reach nirvana or enligtenment

Buddhism

First monotheistic religion Torah is their Holy Book 10 Commandments

Judaism

Monotheistic religion Grew from the Jewish tradition Jesus is the Savior The Bible is the Holy Book 10 Commandments

Christianity

Monotheistic religion grew out of Judeo-Christian religion

Mohammed is their profit Five Pillars Qur'an is the Holy Book Muezzin calls faithful to prayer five times a

day

Islam

China-deep respect for nature Concept of yin and yang Government that governs the least is the

best

Taoism (Daoism)

Emperor of Byzantine Empire Justinian’s Code revised and preserved

Roman Law

Justinian

Eastern Roman Empire Capital was Constantinople Preserved the cultural heritage of Rome

Byzantine Empire

Founder of the Mongol Empire United all the Mongol tribes Created the largest land based empire in

the world

Genghis Khan

Genghis’s grandson Ruled China’s Yuan Dynasty Pax Mongolica Golden Age for the Silk Road

Kublai Khan

Ruler of the Mughal Empire Believed in religious toleration

Akbar the Great

Golden Age Emphasis on arts, medicine and science Invented algebra Spread the Indian number system Created a large trade based empire

Islamic Civilization

Golden Ages for China Invented porcelain, paper, printing,

compass, rudder China was the most open to trade Economy was very strong

Tang and Song Dynasties

Classical Civilization for India Advanced in science and medicine

Gupta Empire

Controlled trade routes across the Sahara Gold-salt trade Ghana, Mali and Songhai

West African Trading Kingdoms

Muslim King of Mali Went on the haj to Mecca

Mansa Musa

Traveled extensively through Asia and North Africa

Wrote books about their experiences

Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo

Developed advanced and complex societies Built large cities Practice blood sacrifice Mayas and Aztecs developed writing

systems Aztecs and Incas created large empires

Mayas, Aztecs, Incas

Seen in Japan and Europe Rigid social structure Ruler Nobles/Daimyos Knights/Samurai Peasants Relationship between lords and vassals Exchange of land for loyalty Exchange of crops for protection

Feudalism

Holy Wars to gain control of Holy Land in Israel from the Muslims

Led to an increase in demand for Middle East and Asia

Crusades

Revival of Greek and Roman ideas Questioning spirit led to questioning of

authority Humanism

Renaissance

Started the Protestant Reformation Wrote the 95 Theses Against the sale of indulgences

Martin Luther

Protestant leader from Geneva Switzerland Believed in Predestination

John Calvin

Started the English Reformation Founder of the Anglican Church Passed the Act of Supremacy Wanted to divorce his wife

Henry VIII

Increase in trade as a result of the Crusades Leads to the Renaissance

Commercial Revolution

Looking for an all water route to Asia Motivated by Gold, Glory and God Led to the death of Native Americans from

disease Scientific Revolution’s technological

advances led to Age of Exploration

Age of Exploration

Explorer from Spain Led expedition to Asia Founded the Americas

Columbus

King has complete control over the country Power of the king comes from God

Absolutism/Divine Right

Wrote The Prince “The ends justify the means”

Machiavelli

Known as the Sun King Absolute ruler of France Built the Palace of Versailles to help control

the nobles

Louis XIV

Absolute ruler of Russia Westernized Russia Moved capital to St. Petersburg to be a

“window on the west”

Peter the Great

Protestant Rulers of England Came to power as a result of Glorious

Revolution Had to agree to the English Bill of Rights-

limiting the power of the king

William and Mary

Economic theory related to colonialism Colony exists for the benefit of the mother

country Colony provides mother country with raw

materials Mother country sells back manufactured

goods

Mercantilism

Examined natural laws Made major discoveries in Astronomy Sun centered universe Developed the Scientific Method

Scientific Revolution

Active during the Scientific Revolution Believed the Earth rotated around the sun Discovered the moons of Jupiter Laws of Earthly (Terrestrial) Motion Forced to recant his ideas by the Church

Galileo

Concept of natural laws Led to the development of democracy Against absolute rule Talked about the changing relationship

between people and government

Enlightenment

Natural Laws Life, liberty, property If the government is not protecting your

rights, you have the right to overthrow the government

John Locke

Separation of Powers

Montesquieu

Belief that your culture or ethnicity is the best

Ethnocentrism

Spreading and mixing of culture Result of frequent contact with other groups

Cultural Diffusion

Resistant to change Economic decisions are made by tradition Children learn from parents

Traditional Economy/Society

Worldwide exchange of plants, animals and disease

Result of Age of Exploration

Columbian Exchange

Conquistadors rewarded with land Can get taxes and work from Native

Americans that live on the land

Encomienda System

Trip from Africa to Americas Brutal conditions for the people being taken

as slaves

Middle Passage

King had to ask permission to tax the people

Limited the power of the king

Magna Carta

Parliament overthrew the king Limited power of the king King has to follow the laws

Glorious Revolution/Bill of Rights

China Power of emperor comes from gods Similar to divine right in Europe

Mandate of Heaven

Power of king comes from god Used to justify absolute rule Similar to Mandate of Heaven

Divine Right

Renaissance idea Focus on the individual

Humanism

Took over the Byzantine Empire Had a strategic location between Europe

and Asia

Ottoman Empire

Influenced by China Influenced Japan Acted as a bridge between the two

countries because of its location

Korea

Trade routes and trade organizations have had an impact on nations and regions. The effects have been both positive and negative.

Identify two trade routes and /or trade organizations and for each:

Explain one reason for the establishment of the trade route or trade organization.

Discuss one positive effect or one negative effect of the trade route or trade organization on a specific nation or region.

Some suggestions you might wish to consider include the Silk Roads, the trans-Saharan trade routes of the African kingdoms, Mediterranean trade routes, trans-Atlantic trade

Theme: Movement of People and Goods- Trade