dna, rna, and dna replication. dna vs rna deoxyribonucleic acid double helix shaped forms:...
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DNA, RNA, and DNA ReplicationDNA, RNA, and DNA Replication
DNA vs RNADNA vs RNA
Deoxyribonucleic AcidDeoxyribonucleic Acid Double Helix ShapedDouble Helix Shaped Forms: Forms:
NuclearNuclear
MitochondrialMitochondrial
ChromosomalChromosomal Never leaves NucleusNever leaves Nucleus Contains C,G, A, TContains C,G, A, T
Ribonucleic AcidRibonucleic Acid Single Helix ShapedSingle Helix Shaped Forms:Forms:
MessengerMessenger
TransferTransfer
RibosomalRibosomal Leaves NucleusLeaves Nucleus Contains C, G, A, UContains C, G, A, U
DNA Base PairingDNA Base Pairing
Adenine bonds with Adenine bonds with ThymineThymine
Cytosine bonds with Cytosine bonds with GuanineGuanine
A-T or T-AA-T or T-A
C-G or G-CC-G or G-C
RNA Base PairingRNA Base Pairing
Adenine bonds with Adenine bonds with UracilUracil
Cytosine bonds with Cytosine bonds with GuanineGuanine
A-U or U-AA-U or U-A
C-G or G-CC-G or G-C
DNA Structure
Phosphate Group (PO4)
Deoxyribose Sugar
Nitrogen Base Pair
Deoxyribose Sugar
Phosphate Group (PO4)
DNA Structure Mobile
Color each part. Color each part.
Cut out the individual pieces.Cut out the individual pieces.
Glue or paste together.Glue or paste together.
Attach string for individual mobiles.Attach string for individual mobiles.
Tape all of the classses together and Tape all of the classses together and make a huge strand to hang from ceiling.make a huge strand to hang from ceiling.
Attach to cardboard and make a puzzle.Attach to cardboard and make a puzzle.
DNA ReplicationDNA Replication
DNA ReplicationDNA Replication
Replication = DNA copies itself Replication = DNA copies itself exactlyexactly(Occurs within the nucleus)(Occurs within the nucleus)
Any mistake in copying = Any mistake in copying = mutationmutation
DNA mutation = chromosomal mutation DNA mutation = chromosomal mutation
Basic Facts of DNA ReplicationBasic Facts of DNA Replication
1. 1. Complementary Complementary base pairing base pairing
makes makes replication possiblereplication possible
C C - - GGA A - - TT
Basic Facts of DNA ReplicationBasic Facts of DNA Replication
2. One side of DNA 2. One side of DNA molecule is molecule is
a a
templatetemplate
for for
making making
thethe
other side other side (strand) (strand)
Process of DNA ReplicationProcess of DNA Replication
1.1. Uncoil & unzip DNA moleculeUncoil & unzip DNA molecule
Enzyme (-ase)Enzyme (-ase) breaks breaks
weakweak
Hydrogen BondHydrogen Bond
between basesbetween bases
Process of DNA ReplicationProcess of DNA Replication
2. 2. Enzyme brings in complementary N-basesEnzyme brings in complementary N-bases
DNA Replicase
Process of DNA ReplicationProcess of DNA Replication
3. 3. Insert N-basesInsert N-bases
DNA Replication TutorialDNA Replication Tutorial
(Go here for on-your-own learning/review)(Go here for on-your-own learning/review)
trc.ucdavis.edu/.../week5/06dnareplication.html
Replication MovieReplication Movie
C C - - GGAA - - TT
Semi-conservative replicationSemi-conservative replication
1.1. Each new DNA Each new DNA molecule molecule
contains contains
one old strandone old strand
& &
one new strandone new strand
DNA vs. RNADNA vs. RNA
DNADNA RNARNA
Sugar = Sugar = deoxyribosedeoxyribose Sugar = Sugar = riboseribose
DoubleDouble-stranded -stranded moleculemolecule
SingleSingle-stranded -stranded moleculemolecule
ThymineThymine bonds with bonds with adenineadenine
UracilUracil instead of thymine instead of thymine
DNA vs. RNADNA vs. RNA
DNADNA RNARNA
Nuclear Nuclear DNADNA
MitochondrialMitochondrial DNA DNA
ChromosomalChromosomal DNA DNA
mRNAmRNA = messenger = messenger
tRNA tRNA = transfer= transfer
rRNArRNA = ribosomal = ribosomal
Nuclear DNA Nuclear DNA never never leaves the nucleusleaves the nucleus
Assembled in nucleus, Assembled in nucleus, moves to cytoplasmmoves to cytoplasm
((leaves the nucleusleaves the nucleus))
RNA RNA vs. vs. DNADNA
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
What is the shape of DNA?What is the shape of DNA?
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
A Double HelixA Double Helix
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
Where is DNA found within Where is DNA found within the cell?the cell?
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
In the nucleus only.In the nucleus only.
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
What is the result of a What is the result of a mistake in the copying mistake in the copying portion of DNA replication portion of DNA replication called? called?
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
A mutationA mutation
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
Cytosine bonds with?Cytosine bonds with?
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
GuanineGuanine
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
Adenine bonds with what in Adenine bonds with what in DNA? RNA?DNA? RNA?
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
ThymineThymine
UracilUracil
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
What is the opposite DNA base pair of:What is the opposite DNA base pair of:
C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-CC-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-CC-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C
G-A-T-C-C-G-A-A-T-T-G-C-C-A-A-T-GG-A-T-C-C-G-A-A-T-T-G-C-C-A-A-T-G
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
Which base pair is that of RNA?Which base pair is that of RNA?
11. C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C. C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C
2. 2. C-A-U-G-G-C-A-A-U-U-G-C-C-U-U-GC-A-U-G-G-C-A-A-U-U-G-C-C-U-U-G
3. G-T-U-C-C-G-T-U-T-U-C-G-G-T-A-C3. G-T-U-C-C-G-T-U-T-U-C-G-G-T-A-C
QUESTIONS TO KNOWQUESTIONS TO KNOW
11. C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C. C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C
2. 2. C-A-U-G-G-C-A-A-U-U-G-C-C-U-U-GC-A-U-G-G-C-A-A-U-U-G-C-C-U-U-G
3. G-T-U-C-C-G-T-U-T-U-C-G-G-T-A-C3. G-T-U-C-C-G-T-U-T-U-C-G-G-T-A-C
YOU ARE READY TO SUCCEEDYOU ARE READY TO SUCCEED