THE ---

LOG BOOK0LAccepted for mailing at

special rates of postageprovided for in Section1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 January 15, 1941 Number 1

Happy New Year

The year 1941 lies before uswith unmeasured and untold pos-sibilities. Without question therewill be many problems of a moreor less complex nature also con-fronting us and requiring solu-tion. While the opportunities andproblems each year vary some-what, 1941 is in many ways notdissimilar from other years. Itwill require patience, forbear-ance, tolerance, serious thinkingand continued effort if we are tomake the most and best of itspossibilities. It will also requirecourage, vision and determinationif we are to give a good accountat the end of the year for ourstewardship given to us by Fa-ther Time.

Osteopathy has come a longway in the nearly 70 years sinceits humble beginning. There areso many things of which we maybe proud. Our growth as a pro-fession has been steady and con-tinuous. Our development as anorganized profession has been anoutstanding achievement. Ourstanding as a constructive influ-ence in the world of therapeuticshas continually mounted, and ourservice to humanity has been oneof increasing value. Never in thehistory of our profession has thepublic been so well informed andso acutely conscious of the realvalues in osteopathic service as itis at this time. Osteopathic edu-cation has made strides of mightyimport and we can look forwardwith confidence to continuedgrowth and development.

Let every member of the osteo-pathic profession recognize thatthey are an integral part of atruly great profession, a profes-sion larger than any indivdiualor any group in it. Let us deter-mine that in 1941 each one of usshall make some definite contri-bution looking to further in-crease and improve our serviceto our patients and to the pub-lic. Let .us resolve to supportwith renewed enthusiasm thehundreds of osteopathic institu-tions and the splendid serviceswhich they are rendering. Let usmake it a long pull, a strong pull,and a pull all-together for a big-ger, a finer and a more useful os-teopathic year.

-A.D.B., D.O.

0. B. Dept. Hits New High---

Since the beginnnig of the fallsemester last September, theob-stetrical department of the col-lege has really been more thanbusy. The average number ofcases has been better than onebaby a day and we are veryproud of this fine report

The department broke its all-time record, which was 45 casesdelivered in one month, estab-lished in 1936. Now the ther-mometer takes another spurt tomake the reading 49 deliveriesfor the month of December, 1940.

The following are the figuresfrom September through Decem-ber, inclusive: September, 33, Oc-tober, 41, November, 38 and De-cember, 49.

Deleterious Effects ofSulfanilamide

O. EDWIN OWEN, D.O.Department of Pathology

During the past few years thedrug sulfanilamide and its deriv-atives have sprung into rapid usein the treatment of a great manydiseases. Only a cursory glanceat the volumes of current litera-ture on the subject need be givento learn that this group of drugsis a "two-edged sword." Thisbrief paper does not intend totouch upon the many desirablefeatures of the drugs but ratherto point out the dangers in theiruse so that they may be morecarefully guarded.Mode of Action:

Sulfanilamide is readily ab-sorbed and excreted and is recov-ered in all body fluids. It is ab-sorbed in four hours from the di-gestive tract. Sulfanilamide doesnot arouse a specific response onthe part of the host and does notstimulate antibody production. Ithas no direct effect upon phago-cytic activity and neither does ithave a desirable effect upon thereticulo-endothelial system. Thepresent interpretation of the ac-tion of sulfanilamide is that bac-teria are weakened or degraded,so that their elimination by thewhite blood cells and tissue phag-ocytes is possible. This is the de-sired effect of sulfanilamide andits derivatives. At the same time,a number of deleterious effectsmay take place which must becarefully understood and inter-preted by the physician.

I. CyanosisIn some patients cyanosis will

begin soon after administrationand is due to:

A. Methemoglobinemia.(Continued on Page Four)

Trip to Florida

Dr. and Mrs. Arthur D. Beckerspent the Christmas holidays tak-ing a motor trip to Florida. Thetrip was occasioned by the wed-ding-of -their son, Dr. Alan R.Becker of Winchester, Kentucky,to Miss Catherine Schumacher ofEustis, Florida, on December28th. The former Miss Schu-macher is the daughter of Dr.and Mrs. E. L. Schumacher. Dr.Schumacher is one of the well-established osteopathic physiciansof that state.

An added pleasing event in thetrip to Florida was a complimen-tary luncheon given at Orlandoon Sunday, December 29th, inhonor of Dr. and Mrs. Becker bythe trustees of the State Osteo-pathic Association and by the Di-rectors of the State OsteopathicAuxiliary Association. The oste-opathic profession is very activein Florida and this occasion gavea splendid opportunity to meetmany old friends and to makenew ones.

Holiday Trip by

Leininger and Owen

The day after Christmas Doc-tors Leininger and Owen left DesMoines upon a very worthwhiletrip in the interests of student re-cruiting and college alumni ac-tivities.

Their first stop was Oshkosh,Wisconsin, where time was spentwith Dr. John Rogers; then toMilwaukee where they met withDr. F. E. Hecker and others. Theyreport a pleasant boat trip acrossLake Michigan to Luddington.In Detroit they met with thealumni group and attended theOsteopathic Ball held at theBook-Cadillac hotel in honor ofthe osteopathic students homefor the holidays.

In Cleveland an afternoon teawas attended at the Hotel Cleve-land, also with students home forthe holidays as guests. In Cleve-land, Doctors Dunham andSprague did the honors. The laststop of the interesting trip wasat Columbus Ohio.

Doctors Owen and Leiningerwish to thank the Doctors in thevarious cities who made the tripso interesting and worthwhile.

Pursuit for a ReasonThe Reticulo-endohtelial System

Andrew Taylor Still. M.D., 1874:"The body is a self-repairing

machine.""The body contains within itself

all the chemicals, all the medicinesnecessary for the cure of its cur-able diseases."

George W. Crile, M.D.:"Since chemical and vaccine

therapy have failed, there remainsonly the physiologic method of at-tack against pyogenic infections.-The physiologic method implies,first, a recognition of the principlethat infection must be overcomeby the same means of defensewhich are inherent within the or-ganism itself; and second the ap-plication of measures which. willremove handicaps and interfer-ences, on the one hand, ..and onthe other will build up the de-fense."

Moynihan:"It is the natural defensive pow-

ers of the body fluids and tissues,of serum and leukocytes, that arethe chief agents in finally subdu-ing the bacterial infection. Suffi-cient reliance does not appear tobe placed upon the stupendouspower the body tissues possess forcontrolling infection."

In 1911 Aschoff and Kiyono in-jected mercury, trypan blue, car-bon and other colloidal suspen-sions into laboratory animals.These substances were found ondissection to have been concen-trated in a specific group of cellsconsistently. These cells arefound forming the reticulum ofthe lymph nodes, spleen, bone-marrow and lining the sinusoidsof the spleen and liver and toan infinitely less extent in otherstructures. Since these cells,though widely dispersed, exhibitidentical functions and are simi-larly disposed in tissue, they arecalled, collectively, the reticulo-endothelial system. As a systemit has its physiological duties toperform, assuming a most vitalcapacity relative to infectiousprocesses. Upon this system de-pends the development of im-munity and the formation of anti-bodies without which no onewould survive any infection.

All reticulo-endothelial tissuesare of mesenchymal origin. Thespleen is almost entirely of thisorigin so it is only reasonable thatwe should find here .a greaterproportion of this vital tissuethan in the rest of the body.Practically, it is common usage tothink of the spleen as being syn-onymous with the reticulo-endo-thelial system even though it isan incomplete truth.

Reticulo-endothelial cells: arethe Kupffer cells of the liver,form the reticulum of some tis-sues and line the sinusoids ofothers as mentioned above, arepresent in the hematopoietic tis-sue of the ribs, vertebral bodies,and the proximal ends of the long

(Continued on Page Two)

Entered as second classmatter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at DesMoines, Iowa, under theact of August 24th, 1912.

<* nc >

, - ------- . I

THE LOG BOOK

N. 0. .C.On November 27 this office

sent out a call to each of thesubordinate chapters for a cut ojtheir group and some informa-tion about the chapter. Com-plete reports from each of thethirty-nine chapters could havebeen in this office by the 15th ofDecember but the time was ex-tended to December 30th. Thiswas an opportunity to secure acomplete coverage of our entireCouncil membership in a nation-ally known fraternity magazineand a chance that will not cometo us again perhaps for severalyears. The slight expense oneach chapter amounted to lessthan $5.00 each and well worththe investment. As a result ofthe failure of almost 50 per centof the chapters to respond, thearticle cannot go in as originallyplanned but will have to bechanged to fit the material sent.We will have an article in theFraternity Month in the issue ofMarch, 1941, but as stated above,not quite as originally planned.Review with me the results ofthis request.COLLEGES-

Des Moines stands at the headof the list, having sent in six cutswith full and complete informa-tion out of a possible seven.

Los Angeles responded nextwith four out of six.

Kansas City, three out of five.Kirksville sends five out of ten.Chicago, two out of six.Philadelphia, one out of five.Total, twenty-one out of thirty-

nine.FRATERNITIES-

Axis 100 per cent.Iota Tau Sigma 100 per cent.Psi Sigma Alpha 100 per cent.Phi Sigma Gamma,, four out

of six.Atlas Club, three out of six.Lambda Omicron Gamma, two

out of four.Sigma Sigma Phi, two out of

five.Acacia, Alpha Tau Sigma, Del-

ta Omega and Theta Psi failedto send in either information orcuts.

Regardless of this failure onthe part of many of the chaptersto respond to the call they willbe listed, but not in the Marchissue as first intended.

It is to be hoped that if futureopportunities offer a similarchance for ethical publicity suchas this that there will be a muchbetter response. We constantlyhear the cry that we need to getour name and science before theright people in order to securestudents. This was an opportu-nity and some have passed it bywithout giving it the serious thotit deserved.

This office feels that the year1940 has been a good one. Wehave been able to accomplishmore than we anticipated at thebeginning of the year. We start1941 with a clean slate in someways and with some records thatneed to be erased. We hope theerasures will take place beforethe meeting of the Council in At-lantic City in June.

A little better understanding,a little more cooperation and alittle more enthusiasm for ourscience will do wonders towardssolving the problems ahead. Wehope that the New Year willbring to each of you everythingyou need and most of the thingsyou want.

J. Paul Leonard, President,Detroit, Mich.

H. V. Halladay, Exc-secy.,Las Cruces, N. Mex.

ATLAU CLURWith the beginning of another

year we find several new facesamong the Club's officers gfor thenew semester: Noble Skull, TomHewetson; Occipital, Bob Berger;Stylus, Gordon Elliott; Pyloris,Howard Johnston; Sacrum, Mer-ton Worster; Styloid, Don Mack;and Receptaculum, Laurel Die-trick. Installation of officers, aswell as the initiation of a newmember, Joe Cullen, took placeon Sunday, December 15th. Inhonor of the three graduatingmembers of the fraternity, JimWatt, Bob Smith, and Paul Rut-ter, the semi-annual senior ban-quet was held on Thursday, De-cember 19th.

-G.L.E., Stylus.

Election was held on December17th. New officers elected were:Berger, president; Brail, vicepresident; Taylor, secretary; Ford,corresponding secretary; Fergu-son, treasurer; Wood, reporter.

Senior banquet was held onTuesday, January 7th. The sen-iors receiving life certificateswere: Hardy, Bahling and Jemi-son. Dr. O. E. Owen was toast-master and Dr. H. A. Graney wasguest speaker.

-P.W.

Our chapter is proud to an-nounce that three new membershave been initiated and are nowready to assume the responsibil-ities of an active member. Thesemen are R. H. Johnston, H. W.Morey and T. Linck. May thesemen regard the fraternity asthe men that selected them re-garded their character.

At our last senior banquet wehonored four graduating seniors,we are happy that these menhave been connected with ourfraternity during their stay atschool. These men are J. E.Miller, P. T. Rutter, P. W. Geh-man, and R. E. Smith.

-H.P.

With the approaching of thenew semester Phi Sigma Gammais proud to announce its new of-ficers for the coming year.

Archon, H. TagartSub Archon, R. SowersPronatarius, H. LivingstonCrusophulax, J. YagoobianSub Crusonhulax, G. Deer.Phulax. William Reinfried

To the school for the new yeaiwe pledge ourselves to efforts tcmake it the best in fraternityhistory. -H.H.

A.rAfter a busy two weeks we are

glad to be back and get into theswing of things again. Many ojthe fraters were guests of thevarious osteopathic associationsand the interest in our Alma Ma-ter by all those in the field wasvery enheartening.

We take this opportunity to ex-tend to the graduating seniorsour congratulations and bestwishes for a successful future.Osteopathy may be duly proudof these new physicians and wemay be sure that they will doall in their power to further itsadvances in the field. Good luck!

EDITOR'S NOTE

Due to the lack of space in thisLog Book, we are more than sor-ry that it became necessary tocut down the fraternity notes.We shall make every effort torestore their usual space in thenext isue.

PURSUIT FOR A REASON

(Continued From Page One)bones. The cells are free in thecirculation as the EndothelialLeukocyte of Mallory, found inthe lymph spaces and connectivetissues as the Resting-wanderingcell of Maximow and have beencalled the large monocyte, tran-sitional cell, large mono-nuclear,monocyte, macrophone, histiocyte,hemo-histioblast, and so on byother authorities and I observestill other more common appel-lations by students that it seemsbest not to print.

Fln t-inn"c of +-th 'a4n'-lll .-. -,.,

thelial system are varied and in-dispensible to the organism. Theseinclude, at least, hemolysis of olderythrocytes and blood platelets,phagocytosis of foreign bodies,formation of giant cells, hemato-poiesis, erythrocyte productionis a reversion phenomenon inacute anemias, and the very es-sential production of antibodiesthat are specific for the specificantigenic substance in the serum.

The production and liberationinto the serum of specific anti-bodies that are specifically ef-fective on the particular antigenin the serum of the patient in thecourse of an infection immediate-ly places the reticulo-endothelialsystem and its physiology at thehighest peak of interest from theviewpoint of the student and phy-sician. Bacteria and their toxinsare elements for concern and con-sideration in most of the patho-logic states and in spite of theaid received in some instancesfrom the bacterio-statics, pre-formed sera, non-specific proteintherapy, etc., it is obvious thatthe proper Reticulo-endothelialresponse to the specific antigenof the disease is the determiningfactor in the balance as to wheth-er the patient overcome the in-

fection or the infection kills thepatient. z

Our ability to control the anti-gen-antibody balance or reactionis therefore a criterion of ouradeptitude as a physician or aprofession in the treatment ofinfections.

As has been mentioned above,the spleen and reticulo-endothe-lial system are in a sense visual-ized as synonymous because ofembryonic origin, the enormousquantity of reticulo-endothelialtissue in the spleen and a generalrule that dictates, "as the spleenfunctions, so does the reticulo-endothelial system." It is desir-able that we examine the spleenas to its physiological activity.Secondly, indicating the study ofthe spleen is the fact that thespleen is more accessible by ma-nipulative measures coincidingwith Sympathetic response thanthe remainder of the reticulo-en-dothelial system, and the resultsof Sympathetic activity are rap-idly evident in reduction of thesymptoms of the patient that areproduced by the toxemia. Thehumeral changes are demonstra-ble in the laboratory by simpleand standardized routines. "Theconclusions that flow from thesemost careful experiments are thatthe spleen affords great aid inresisting infective processes, andthat its removal robs the body ofits resistance, or diminishes thatresistance until such time at leastas compensatory processes havehad a chance to establish it onceagain in its original strength.Hektoen's experiments appear toshow that anti-bodies are pro-duced in the spleen, lymphatictissues, and bone marrow."

B.E.L., D.O.(To Be Continuted)

Editor's HeadacheI am beginning to appreciate

why editors leave home! Lastmonth in our Christmas numberof the Log Book we published aChristmas Greeting from the DesMoines Still College OsteopathicFamily. I checked the list ofnames and so did two others.

Dr. Lonnie L. FactoEven so, we left out the nameof Dr. Lonnie L. Facto. We ex-tend apologies to both Dr. Factoand our readers. It surely shouldmake one tolerant to errors ofothers when, in spite of morethan reasonable care, errors cancreep into one's own work.

_A n DBR no,-A-hr. h.n.

L I II

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1 U iik.l.lUllk. U le 1tl'.ll lI-nI-Hllonc -

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THE LOG BOOK

The Log BookThe Official Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor ................ Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor ................... R. O. Drews

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Osteopathic TherapeuticsREGION BELOW THE

DIAPHRAM

(Number 24 in Series)BILIARY COLIC

Biliary colic occurs in both menand women, and for the most partit occurs above the age of 40 al-though it is not rare in people inthe thirties. It is most frequent-ly-due to chronic disease of thegall-bladder (chronic cholecysti-tis), with or without gallstonesand as a result of acute or sub-acute exacerbations. It is morecommon in women than in men,and childbearing, sedentary oc-cupation, lack of exercise, obes-ity and antecedent typhoid allseem to act as predisposing fac-tors. Malignancy of the biliaryapparatus is a possible cause,and adhesions involving the bil-iary structures are occasionallyfound as etiological factors. In-volvement of lymphatic glands atthe hilus of the liver as a part ofabdominal malignancy or otherdisease as tuberculosis may oc-casionally be causative. The pass-ing, or attempted passage, of gall-stones is probably the most com-mon cause of severe attacks ofcolic.

Gallstones usually form in thegall-bladder, but may form inthe biliary ducts or in the com-mon bile ducts. They are usu-ally found to consist mainly ofcholesterin (about 95%) withcalcium and bile pigment. Whensmall, they may lodge in the cyst-ic duct or in the common bileduct. If formed in the biliaryducts or lodged in the commonbile duct, the atack of colic isassociated with jaundice of vary-ing intensity. Jaundice whichwaxes and wanes, accompaniedwith biliary colic is indicative oflodgment of stone in the com-mon duct, usually in the Ampul-la of Vater. Severe and persist-ent jaundice of increasing inten-sity, with or without attacks ofcolic, suggest the possibility ofcancer of the head of the pan-creas. About one case of biliarycolic in five has more or lessjaundice as an associated symp-tom. There are many causes ofjaundice without gall-bladder dis-ease and without gall-stones.

The symptoms of biliary colicconsist mainly of pain, usuallysevere, in the right hypochondri-um and extending to the back be-neath the right scapula, andalso extending toward the um-bilicus. Pain may extend intothe thorax and also into the low-er abdomen. The pain is fre-quently associated with nauseaand vomiting, and may last for afew hours or several days. The

attacks are paroxysmal and theaffection tends to be recurrent.Differential diagnosis must bemade between biliary colic andpeptic ulcer, renal colic of theright kidney, appendicitis, per-forations of a viscus (malignancyof colon or peptic lucer, acutepancreatitis or other acute ab-dominal emergency. In manycases of chronic cholecystitis withor without gall-stones there maybe no colic attacks. In thesecases without colic, more or.lesspersistent digestive disturbanceis a common symptom and vari-ous degrees of indigestion maybe evidenced or may occur in theinterval between attacks of colic.

In considering treatment, itwill be wise to give a moment'sconsideration to the autonomicinnervation of the biliary tract.These structures are supplied byboth the parasympathetic andthe sympathetic division of theautonomic nervous system. Theparasympathic is by way of thevagus and its function is chieflythat of activating peristalticmovement of the gall-bladder andthe ducts. The sympathetic in-nervation is by way of fibersfrom the 7th to 10th dorsal seg-ments of the cord by way of thelateral chain ganglia and thegreater /splanchnic nerve. Thisfunction is vasomotor, secretory,trophic and visceromotor inhibit-or. This last-named function isa most important one in the con-sideration of our present subject;that of biliary colic.

Osteopathic treatment at hetime of the attack of colic con-sists for the most part in gradu-ally applied, slowly-and-steadily-increased deep insistent pressurejust to the right of the spinousproceses in the 7th to 10th dorsalarea. If the patient is lying inbed on the left side, turned slight-ly forward from the exact lateralposition with his back toward theedge of the bed, the osteopathicphysician by standing at the pa-tient's back may apply such pres-sure with the heel of the handforward and somewhat down-ward (mesial). This presureshould be maintained for two orthree minutes at a time, or long-er if possible, and should be ofsufficient intensity as to bow thespine somewhat forward. Thistype of pressure, applied as de-scribed, seems to prove profound-ly stimulating to the sympatheticinnervation whose function isvisceral inhibitor. It tends tolessen the hyperperistalsis and torelax the overstimulated commonbile duct. It tends to controlpain and to facilitate the pass-age of the stone if present. Inabout 60 per cent or more ofcases, this treatment is entirelyeffective and in my personal ex-perience results have been ex-cellent.

I have had a number of casesin which, in addition to suchtreatments, it was necessary togive a narcotic, preferably 1/6or 1/4 of a grain of morphinewith 1/150 or 1/200 of a grain ofatropine. The patient should bekept quiet and in bed, with lightdiet. Hot moist packs appliedover the gall-bladder area seemto be soothing and relaxing in

many cases. If nausea and vom-iting is unduly persistent, a lav-ape of the stnmach with a nolu-tion of bicarbonate of soda is in-dicated.

For a number of years I havekept careful account of cases ofchronic cholesystitis and here isone condition in which in myjudgment we usually find a spe-cific osteopathic lesion. Practi-cally every one of these cases hasa lesion, either of the 8th, 9thor 10th ribs on the right-handside, and frequently there is agroup rib lesion involving allthree. Normalization of theselesions and their maintenance innormal structural position is in-dicated and in many cases is fol-lowed by complete cesstion of allsymptoms related.

A type of treatment that hasfound a real place in therapeuticsin diseases of biliary apparatus isknown as duodenal biliary drain-age. I will not attempt to de-scribe the technic for this pro-cedure in this brief article, butwill make the comment that thistype of treatment has a realplace in consideration in thera-peutics. It is a valuable meas-ure. Its indication is in the treat-ment during the latent period inthese cases of chronic gall-blad-der disease.

In cases which do not respondto conservative treatment andwhere one is satisfied that achronic cholecystitis exists orwhere there are stones as deter-mined by X-ray studies and bycholecystography using opaquedyes, it is best treatment, in myjudgment, to deal with the situa-tion surgically. Complete remov-al of the gall-bladder is the op-eration of choice where possible,and has practically entirely re-placed the older method of gall-bladder drainage.

-A.B.D., D.O.

Marriages

Clare G. Howe of the seniorclass was married to Miss Mar-garet Christensen of Buffalo Cen-ter, Ia. The ceremony took placeat the St. Johns Lutheran Churchin Des Moines, January 11. TheRev. Mr. Gruhn officiated.

Deaths

Dr. Mary Schwab of Vinton,Iowa, died in the hospital at Vin-ton November 27, 1940. Dr.Schwab was graduated from theDes Moines Still College of Os-teopathy in the May doss of 1918and practiced in Vinton (herhome) for several years.

in Elizabethan times in Ger-many a simple uroscopy costabout three cents; ningle visitsoy the doctor eight to fiftycents; consultations $2.50 foreach doctor-if by letter, $1.25.

DESERT-ATIONSBy H. V. H.

New Year's Day found mewith about half a million otherswatching the beautiful Sun Car-nival parade in El Paso. The daywas ideal with warm sun anddry streets altho it had rainedthe day before. There werenearly one hundred units in theparade, many of which werewere drawn from the enormoustraining camp at Fort Bliss.The twenty-six bands arrayed inbrilliant colors and each with afull complement of acrobaticdrum majors and majorettes tookme back many years to my pa-rade days and the saxophone.The elaborate floats depictingmusic in our own country andmany foreign lands were star-tling in their beauty and evi-dence of careful design and manyhours of real labor. I had not-expected to see such a colorfuldisplay in that division of thetwo and one-half hour panorama.I did anticipate the variety andextent of the display from FortBliss but it impressed me dou-bly. I did thrill to the fact thatwe have in training at Fort Blisssome exceptionally fine lookingyoung men. I felt a very strongswell of pride in the modern mo-torized equipment that they droveeasily in the parade. No onecould keep from admiring thethousand fine horses and marvelat their control by their riders.You and I have helped to payfor this demonstration of pre-paredness and we should be proudof it. I am glad that my fewpennies have been voted to in-crease the strength of our de-fenses. But-my patriotism anddesire for safety and a strongdefense program is divided.

I wonder if we as osteopathicphysicians have carefully takenstock of our own defenses. Weare constantly being harassed byan enemy, sometimes real andsometimes imaginary. I wonderif we have examined our ownequipment and brought it up-to-date in order to meet not onlyour present needs but our futureexpectations. Give one of our de-fensive units a thot. Our col-leges are in existence for thepurpose of extending our fieldand replacing those who drop outof practice. Just how are theygetting along and if they are notdoing so well what must be doneabout it?

Take a pencil and paper anddo some figuring like I asked youto do last year and the year be-fore. With fewer entering ourcolleges it must follow that evenless will graduate, for in the fil-tering thru four years there isalways a loss at the end of thetraining period. If we are show-ing a weakness in this line ofdefense we will have to remedyit by modernizing our methods ofapproach. If we have moved outof a field productive of recruitsand into another field still pro-ductive, we will have to adaptour methods to the new site. Wehave not done this so far. This

(Continued on Page Four)

THE LOG BOOK

Society President

Society PresidentPresident Jordan has been ren-

dering a most outstanding serv-ice to the Iowa profession. It iswell recognized that, due to hisefforts, cooperation exists to anunusual degree among the entiremembership. Daily correspond-ence emanates from his officepertaining to the work of the so-Society and the problems withwhich it is confronted. He hasbeen present at all committeemeetings to advise and assistcommittee members in handlingtheir duties and responsibilitiesin the light of all Society activi-ties. When committees have con-sidered that certain non-officialwork should be assigned to him,he has promptly accepted andfulfilled such responsibility. Hisunstinting and untiring devotionto further the best interests ofthe profession has inspired manyothers to do likewise.

Not only has President Jordangiven freely of his time, but hehas also sacrificed greatly inmoney. He has not only gladlypaid the maximum in contribu-tions requested by the Societyfrom its membership, but he hasrefused to accept reimbursementby the Society for the expenseshe has sustained in fulfilling theduties of the office of President.

Yes, the osteopathic professionin LUrx 7an h1c! inriion n rl rll n l111 ilUWn 1LSa ll, IILUeCU, ct LL u ct1u

unselfish servant in the personof President Jordan-one whosesole and only thought is for "thegood of osteopathy."

Legislative Sub-CommitteeDr. S. H. Klein, Chairman of

the Legislative Committee, re-cently selected members oi hislegislative sub-committee, a bodycreated by order of the Legis-lative Committee and Board ofTrustees.

The following members of thisrecently-created committee metin Des Moines at the Savery Ho-tel on Sunday, January 5:

A. D. Craft, Osceola; BerylFreeman, Des Moines; Mary E.Golden, Des Moines; W. D. Tin-'dall, Woden; C. K. Risser, Ma-quoketa; D. S. House, Dubuque;J. A. Kline, Malvern; Paul L.Park, Des Moines; O. E. Rose,Des Moines; J. H. Hansel, Ames;Rolla Hook, Logan; W. A. Mc-Vane, Dyersville; W. D. Andrews,Algona; Holcomb Jordan, Daven-port; N. A. Cunningham, Mar-shalltown; Ralph Jack, Ogden;J. K. Johnson, Sr. and Jr., Jef-ferson; Preston L. Etter, Wash-ington; N. D. Weir, Woodbine;Roy G. Trimble, Montezuma; andT. A. Kapfer.

A.O.A. Unit Contact.The Board of Trustees, at its

meeting on December 8, 1940,selected the following as Iowapersonnel of the A.O.A. unit con-tact system:

Grace Urban, Iowa City; Hol-comb Jordan Davenport; B. M.Gotshall, Waterloo; B. D. How-land Decorah; Charles L. Wheel-er Centerville; S. H. Klein, DesDes Moines; Phil McQuirk, Audu-bon; Marvin Green, Storm Lake;R. B. Gilmour, Sioux City; J. A.

Hirschman, Cherokee, and J. P.Schwartz, Des Moines.

Vocational GuidanceDr. L. A. Nowlin, Chairman of

the Vocational Guidance Com-mitte, is developing a compre-hensive plan of service in thismost important field of activity.Further information will be pub-lished at a later date.

Basic ScienceDr. D. E. Hannan, Chairman

of the Department of Public Af-fairs, will meet with the BasicScience Board on Tuesday, Jan-uary 14, at the Home Lodge, 603East Locust Street, Des Moines.

Industrial and InstituionalService

Valuable information, concern-ing the by-laws of an accident in-surance company, which theAmerican Osteopathic Associa-tion had been endeavoring to ob-tain for the last ten years wasprocured by Doctor Paul O.French, as Chairman of the Soci-ety's Committee on Industrial andInstitutional Service, on Decem-ber 18, 1940.

Detention HospitalPetitions are being circulated

in Scott County calling for avote on construction of a deten-tion hospital in the city of Dav-enport. Doctor J. H. Sunder-bruch, M. D., health officer inScott County, has been very ac-tive in their circulation.

Application for MembershipA 1 - - 1 ____ .t.... 1- .. . . .

Arley u. E-agerton, Btoone, iowa.Dwight S. James,Sercetary-Treasurer.

Desert-Ations

(Continued From Page Three)

line of osteopathic defense isbroken and must be repaired andstrengthened immediately.

We have never taken the trou-ble to put ourselves in the way ofmonetary gifts. This is anotherevident weakness in our defense.Each osteopathic physician shouldappoint himself a committee ofone to keep an alert eye on op-portunities that will help our ed-ucational institutions financially.

Suppose we were invited toenter our talents and assets inthe Sun Bowl parade or the RoseBowl cavalcade what sort of ashowing would we make? Wedo have an enviable record ofservice and growth and all fromwithin but in our near half cen-tury of existence as a separateschool of therapy we have beentoo selfish as individuals. Now-at this time of year-we mustbe preparing for next Fall. Outof nearly ten thousand active os-teopathic physicians we surelyhave five thousand who will workindividually and together to bringto our colleges next Fall an over-flow of material out of which thecolleges will develop the strengthwe need in the field. The otherfive thousand will be alert to en-dowment and foundation moniesand our parade next Fall willequal or surpass that of the RoseBowl and the Sun Bowl together.

-H. V. Halladay.

Deleterious Effects ofSulfanilamide

(Continued from Page One)This is produced by a chemical

combination of sulfone or S02radical of these drugs with hemo-globin, thus preventing it fromuniting normally with oxygen.Cyanosis is not as dangerous asone time thought to be.

B. Sulfhemoglobinemia.This is produced by the union

of hydrogen sulfide radical ofsulfanilamide with hemoglobin.During the use of sulfanilamideit is thought that there may bean increased absorption of hydro-gen sulfide from the bowel assaline cathartics are used, or iffoods such as beans, cheese,clams, cocoa or bran are includedin the diet. One to two grainsof methylene blue by mouth eve-ry Tour hours will often relievethe symptoms of cyanosis.

II. Gastric IntoleranceSome patients show a local ir-

ritation to the gastric mucosa butit is not a constant finding.

III. Central Nervous SystemReactions

Cerebral excitability, insomnia,restlessness, delirium, drowsiness,stupor and dizziness are symp-toms which indicate reduction indosage or even discontinuance ofthe drug. Ambulant patientsshould be cautioned of thesesymptoms, particularly automo-bile drivers.

IV. Skin ReactionsPurpuric, urticarial, scarlatinai,

erythematous, rubellaform, andexfoliatives dermatitis reactionmay enforce discontinuation ofthe drug and even be the pre-cursors of renal complications.

V. Hepatic ReactionsHemolytic jaundice may ap-

pear, due to overloading of theliver with hemolytic pigmentsfrom the rapid destruction of ery-throcytes. This is characterizedby nausea, vomiting, jaundice,and bile in the urine. This is aserious warning-a precursor ofanemia!

Toxic hepatitis may be broughton by a toxic effect of the drugupon the liver cells and is char-acterized by nausea, vomiting,jaundice, excessive bile in theurine, enlargement of the liverand high bilirubin content of theblood plasma. These hepatic re-actions are often associated withdermatitis and may be followedby renal complications. The drugmust be stopped.

VI. AnemiasAnemia may be produced by

the destruction of erythrocytes bythe drug.

1. A mild, simple anemia mayappear after several days of ad-ministration, with a drop both inerythrocytes and hemoglobin Thisis more common with sulfanila-mide. The drug may be contin-ued, if large doses of vitamin B1are used.

2. An acute, hemolytic anemiamay develop during the first weekof treatment which will becomeprogressively severe. It is rarewith sulfanilamide but commonwith sulfapyridine. The anemia

is characterized by a rapid fall inerythrocytes and hemoglobin,macrocytosis, reticulocytosis, leu-kocytosis, jaundice, hematuriaand albuminuria. The drug shouldbe discontinued; fluids forced;liver, iron, and vitamin B1 ad-ministered; and perhaps a bloodtransfusion given.

VII. Agranulocytosis.

This is one of the more dan-gerous complications, appearinglate--after perhaps two weeks ofadministration of sulfapyridine,in particular. It is caused by thedepressing effect of the benzinering contained in the drug, uponthe blood-forming organs. Therewill be a marked lowering ofthe white count, with relative de-crease in neutrophils; tempera-ture; weakness; gastric distress;generalized glandular enlarge-ment; enlargement of the liverand spleen; inflammatory edemaof the throat and mouth, withwhite patches resembling Vin-cent's angina, may be necrosis ofthe membranes; blood-casts andalbumin in the urine. Thesesymptoms may appear severaldays after discontinuation of thedrug. Guard against too hastydismissal of patient! Immediatetreatment including blood trans-fusions must be administered.

VIII. Renal Complications1. Simple albuminuria without

casts or blood cells and withoutnitrogen retention. This symp-tom will clear if the drug is dis-continued or the dosage reducedand fluids forced.

2. Nephritis is a more seriouscomplication. It is more apt tooccur with sulfapyridine, partic-ularly if the fluid intake is low.The intake of fluid should be notbelow 3000 cc. in 24 hours. Thesigns will be albuminuria, casts,anuria, increased non-protein ni-trogen of blood and edema. Ne-phritis is a contra-indication forthe drug.

3. Urinary calculi formation iseven more serious. Their forma-tion follows the use of sulfapyra-dine and sulfathyazole. Crystalsof acetylsulfapyridine and acetyl-sulfanilamide form in the pelvesof the kidneys and the ureters,and may be demonstrated byX-ray. Obstruction may causedilation of the pelvis, hematuria,pyelitis and pyelo-nephritis. Thecrystals form when there is de-creased urinary output with su-per-saturation of the urine and isfavored by highly alkaline urine.the pH of the urine should bekept at about 7.0. There is aquestion as to whether sodiumbicarbonate should be used rou-tinely in the light of calculusformation in the presence ofhighly alkaline urine.

This brief survey of some ofthe more important deleteriouseffects of sulfanilamide and itsderivatives is not intended to dis-courage the use of these drugsin the treatment of diseaseswhere indicated but rather topoint the way toward more care-ful administration.

- -

Entere aTHEEntered as second classmatter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at DesMoines, Iowa, under theact of August 24th, 1912.

LOG~ BOK f Accepted for mailing atspecial rates of postageprovided for in Section1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOI NES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 February 15, 1941 Number 2

GraduationThe week of graduation for the

January, 1941 class was precededby the gala event of Senior As-sembly. This assembly was heldin the auditorium at the collegeand was thoroughly enjoyed bythe entire student body, in addi-tion to a considerable number ofguests present. The usual classhistory and class prophecy weregiven, along with a number of en-tertainment features of ratherunusual merit. Paper ribbon,balloons and horns added to thegeneral merriment and festivity.

Senior BanquetOn Monday evening, January

13, the banquet for the seniorsand their guests given by the of-ficers of the college was held inYounker's beautiful tea rooms. Inmany ways this senior banquet isan outstanding social event in theschool year. The tables werebeautifully decorated with flow-ers and candles. Covers for 55were laid. Talks were given byDr. Ed. Leininger, faculty classadvisor, and by Dr. Owen, the_qlzcziqt;qn nt r -n Far Rookchy-r nrpzi_Sttl>Ct.Mi L UCal1. JL .JDUCt-LU1, P le1-dent of the college, acted astoastmaster and also made a brieftalk. A response was given byJack Miller, president of theclass. The announcement of thePsi Sigma Alpha ScholarshipAward was made on this occasionand Miss Edythe Gates was foundto be the winner, with Mr. HollisJemison and Miss Georgiana Har-ris as runners-up.

Dr. F. A. GordonGraduation exercises were held

at 8 p. m. on Friday evening,January 17, in the St. Johns Lu-theran Church. The class wasdistinctly honored in the factthat Dr. Ferris A. Gordon ofMarshalltown, Iowa, president ofthe American Osteopathic Asso-ciation, was present and gave theCommencement Address. His re-marks were eminently suitable tothe occasion, stressing the factthat character, ability and highidealism in one's work as a phy-sician and surgeon are require-ments for success. In spite ofthe fact that this happened to bea cold, stormy night, a fine largeaudience of relatives and friendsof the graduating class practic-ally filled the auditorium. Thecollege is proud to send thesefourteen osteopathic physiciansinto the field. We extend tothem sincere wishes for theirsuccess and shall follow them intheir various activities whereverthey may be.

(Continued on Page Four)

The Log Book is very proud to'present a few of the statisticsabout a fine osteopathic institu-tion located in the citv of Dr)eMoines. The Des Moines StillCollege of Osteopathy is morethan fortunate in having such anassociated institution where stu-dents of the college are privilegedto witness operations as well asfollowing through many other in-teresting cases in which hospitali-zation has been necessary.

The highly efficient work beingaccomplished at the Des MoinesGeneral Hospital is in large partto be credited to Dr. J. P. Sch-wartz who is surgeon in chief ofthe hospital. Associated with Dr.J. P. Schwartz are Drs. J. L.Schwartz, H. A. Graney, H. J.Marshall, B. L. Cash, P. J. Ma-loney, A. W. Dennis and GarthAnderson. Dr. J. P. Schwartz isdean of the college and head ofthe Surgical Department.

In 1939 there was installed atDes Moines General Hospital anew Roentgenotherapy Depart-ment. The therapeutic equipmentin this department consists of ahigh voltage unit with a variationfrom 100,000 to 220,000 volts. Itgives a complete range for thera-peutic application for every typeof condition in which either su-perficial or deep X-ray therapy isindicated.

The year 1940 was a busy yearindeed for the hospital. The totalnumber of admissions was 1,712;the number of major operationsperformed, 411; the tonsil clinichad 1,523 cases, (not included in

the number of admissions) with41 cases as the high mark forany one day. There were 216babies born in the hospital dur-ing the year. In the X-ray De-partment under the direction ofDr. B. L. Cash 5,378 pictures weretaken during the year. The hos-pital owns 60 milligrams of rad-ium available in cases whereindicated.

The city of Des Moines is in-deed fortunate, along with theDes Moines Still College of Oste-opathy for having this splendidinstitution among its assets. Theexcellent record and superiorservice afforded to citizens of thestate mark it as one of the bettertype of hospitals in Iowa.

Brain-DustingIt is not too early to begin

planning for your annual brain-dusting during the week of May26 to 31st, inclusive. The manyexpressions of appreciation bythe class during the past severalyears have given this week ofAnnual Review and Clinic in-creasing importance in the yearof professional life.

Perhaps the Review Week of1940 was in many ways the mostsuccessful up to that time. Weare already making plans for the1941 season. Take advantage ofthis opportunity to "brush up,"to get in touch with newer de-velopments and as well have op-portunity to see the many im-

Low Back Pain

Knowing that there are manyetiological factors to be consid-ered in the discussion of backacheit is not an easy matter to de-side where to begin. However,it has been found that abnormali-ties of development in the lum-bosacral region of the spine issuch a common condition, in thosepatients complaining of pain inthe lower back, that it seems ad-visable to consider them first.Other conditions accounting forlow back pain will be discussedin subsequent articles.

There are a few of these ab-normalities that are importantenough to warrant a brief dis-cription as to what they are andan attempted explanation as tohow they produce symptoms, howthey are diagnosed, and what canbe done in the way of treatment.

Sacralization is a condition inwhich during the process of de-velopment one or both of thetransverse processes becomeslarge and strong and may formmore or less intimate connectionwith the sacrum or ilium, or both.

Lumbarization is an anomalyin which one or both of the lat-eral masses of the first sacralsegment fails to fuse with thesecond sacral segment. The lum-bar spine is lengthened with in-creased lordosis and the weightshifted to the weakened area be-tween the first and second sacralsegments.

Spina bifida occulta is presentin those cases where there is afailure of fusion of the spinousprocess of the fifth lumbar, orthe first sacral segment; in somecases both. Probably the absenceof the lamina or pedicle on oneside should be considered a partof this condition.

Spondylolisthesis occurs whenthere is a slipping forward of thefifth lumbar vertebra on the sac-rum, sometimes the fourth on thefifth, due to absent or defective]aminae, pedicles or articularfacets.

Positional anomaly or asym-metry of the facets of the lumbo-sacral spine may be the cause ofpain in this area. The articularsurface of one facet may be inthe anteroposterior plane while

(Continued on Page Three)

provements in and about the col-lege and the additions in equip-ment. You owe it to yourself, toyour patients, and to the profes-sion to keep in the very fore-front of osteopathic progress.

I

The Surgical Department

Des Moines General Hospital

ANNUAL BRAIN DUSTING, MAY 26th to 31st Inclusive

Ce

x,>+1

-- -- I -- - -

THE LOG BOOK

N. O. I. C.We seem to have passed over

the peak in the year's work andwe hope we are sliding down nowto the end of the year with nomore obligations other than theroutine of correspondence. Theseveral projects undertaken bythis office have been completedand our contacts closed with thecorresponding publications. Thereis another feature bit of publicitybeing discussed but it may get nofarther than a letter or two so itcan be disregarded this month.

The next big event affectingour membership will of course,be the convention in AtlanticCity. The name and reputationof this famous resort will attractmany. Our committees are atwork preparing for a big conven-tion and they want you to reallyenjoy your visit as well as profitthru your program. It is timenow for you to begin saving thepennies and dimes for this im-portant meeting.

Baird's Manual has been re-ceived and we are well pleasedwith the display of OsteopathicOrganizations. Leland's Direc-tory is on the press and it will bea valuable addition to our data.The editor of Banta's Greek Ex-change has been sent correctedproof and copy for the next issueof our listing and we may nowbe able to take that week offand hide in some deep canyon ofthe Organ Mountains.

H. V. Halladay, Exc.-Secy.Las Cruces, N. Mex.

AOrThe new semester Was started

with the semi-annual election ofofficers. The men elected for theexecutive positions were: DaveFriedman, Cerebrum; Sam Gross,Cerebellum; Dan Feinstein, Cal-amus Scriptorius; Paul Green,Pons.

The pledgeships of Art. Abram-son, Normon Kurzer and BillDiem culminated ceremoniouslywhen they were officially initi-ated into the fraternity Sunday,February 2. Good luck, men!

The new officers and the newactives were honored at a ban-quet held at the Des Moines Club,Monday night, January 26, 1941.Our guests of the evening wereDr. Lonnie L. Facto, and RabbiMonroe Levens.

The boys on the bowling teanlshow promise of being "up in therunning" in the current BowlingTournament being held at school.The spirit of friendly competitionand good sportsmanship is quiteevident among all of the respec-tive groups participating in theTournament.

We feel that it was a distinctprivelege to have seen the re-search film, "The Second LumberLesion," produced under the aus-pices of the American OsteopathicAssociation. As a group of futureosteopathic physicians we wouldlike to urge every member of theprofession in the field to endeav-or to see this excellent picturiza-tion of the Osteopathic LesionComplex.

Among the graduates of theclass of January '41, we find threethree members of this fraternity,all of whom, we are proud to an-nounce, have been fortunateenough to secure hospital intern-ships. Dr. James Watt will bespending the next year in KansasCity, Mo.; Dr. Robert Smith willbe at Lexington, Nebr., and Dr.Paul Rutter has gone to the westcoast to intern in Seattle, Wash.The club wishes the best of luckto its newest men in the field.

At the invitation of Dr. Becker,about twenty of the club mem-bers attended Plymouth Congre-gational Church, on Sunday, Jan.12th. We enjoyed the op-portunity of representing the stu-dent body at the College Presi-dent's home church.

On Sunday, February 2nd, sev-eral of the club's officers haddinner and were entertained atthe Phi Sigma Gamma fraternityon Grand avenue. We sincerelyappreciate the increasing feelingof friendliness and cooperationamong the members of the var-ious fraternities in the collegeand trust that we can reciprocatein a similar manner in the nearfuture.

G. L. E. Stylus.

Another semester has gonedown for the count and alreadymost of us are in there swinginghard on the new adversary. So-phomores, with the "Tough" op-ponent out of the way, anticipatean early kill in the ensuing bout.Let us hope we do not becomeoverconfident with a resulting KOvictory for Dissection or Phar-macology.

Ray Sweeney, trainer for theBrooklyn Dodgers professionalfootball club is back with us forthe Spring semester. Welcome,Ray.

On Friday, January 31, theChapter held a "Dog-patch" jigwhich was well attended and ap-preciated by all. "Lil Abner"with his curvesome "Daisy Mae"was well represented. Someoneheard a cute little MAE hum-ming to herself-Oh happy day,the PSG Lil Abners don't runaway.

House improvements are inswing again. Curtains and blindsare all new; rugs being changed;basement completely plasteredand redecorated; bathrooms re-arranged and painted; etc. Dropin and see us.

Ed.

Pledges, God Bless them, areno more. They were made ac-tives January 16th at Grace Ran-soms Tea Room. After initiation,they were royally feted by theirnew sisters. You noticed thoselovely flowers Mary and Milliewore the next day. Dinner wasfollowed by election of officers.We were happy to have with usMrs. A. D. Becker and Mrs. L. L.Facto who are our new Patron-esses, and Dr. Rachel Woods our

new Field Advisor, also Dr. BerlFreeman. Mrs. Grainey also waselected Patroness.

To end a very successful schoolyear the farewell dinner forGeorgianna Harris and Lillie Mc-Clure Dunlop, our graduatingseniors, was held at the Dr. Woodshome. The Des Moines alumni,both practicing and non-practic-ing were in attendance as werethe Doctors wives. Dinner wasprepared and served by the sor-ority to 26 jeople. Our thanks toMiss Emma MacAdams who hadcharge of the dinner and Dr.Rachel Woods for the use of herbeautiful home. After dinner theseniors were presented with gifts,things they most desired. In-stallation of officers completedthe evening.

New officers: President, M.Seablom; Vice-President, E. Mac-Adams; Secretary, M. Toriello;Corresponding Secretary, M.Weygandt; Treasurer, M. Wil-liams; Guard, R. Payne.

Cor. Sec., M. G. Weygandt

The bowling tournament spon-sored by the Beta Chapter of theSigma Sigma Phi, seems to bebowling some of the fellows over.But after all, why should thesponsors win? We are very gladto see the sportsmanship and thefriendly atmosphere that existsat the alleys and may the bestteam win.

Regular meeting was held Feb-ruary 11, 1941. Another meetingand banquet will be held Febru-ary 25 with Dr. Bennie Devine asthe guest speaker.

-K B. R.

OTEInitiation was held on January

12, 1941 at the Dr. Cash resi-dence. Our Chapter is happy toannounce that three new menhave been initiated. The threenew members are Robert Hatch-itt, Maurice Geraghty, and Har-land Hofer. Election was heldthe same evening. The officersfor the new semester are: Presi-dent and Historian, Jack Lilly;Secretary, Maurice Geraghty;Correspondent Secretary, RobertHatchitt; Treasurer, Wm. Furge-son; Vice President and ChapterEditor, Harland Hofer. Presentat the initiation ceremonies wereDr. D. E. Sloan and Dr. W. P.Kelsey. Following the ceremon-ies a very tasteful dinner wasserved by Mrs. Cash.

January 29th a business meet-ing was held at the Taylor Clinic.President Lilly presented a tenta-tive program for the semester,along with other usual businesstransactions. We are all happyto see the gay face of RobertBennington appear upon thescene again this semester aftera year of absence.

Each and everyone of themembers of Iota Tau Sigma aswell as the entire student bodywas very much surprised whenRobert Hatchitt right out of theclear sky become the bridegroomof a local girl during the holdiayvacation. Congratulations Bob.

-H. G. H.

DESERT-ATIONSI have just finished reading

"Shall We Proclaim Ourselves D.O.'s?" in the February issue ofthe Forum. In New Mexico thelaw requires that you do so ifyou practice in the state andfrom my observation it seemsthat it is a very beneficial ruling.Dr. Canoyer, here in Las Crucesis known as an osteopathic phy-sician and yet he is County Phy-sician and also a member of theExamining Board for the Insaneof the county. It does not seemto have hurt him any to havehis osteopathic physician sign dis-played on his window and overhis door. It might be that themental attitude and the person-ality of the physician has some-thing to do with these things also.

There is another phase of thesubject that was not mentioned inany of the letters received byDr. Walker.

We are stirred up considerablyabout the situation in the matterof student recruiting. There area good many sides to this ques-tion and the majority of themface the profession. A goodmany years ago when we had somany students that we did notknow what to do with them, wehad osteopathic enthusiasm in thefield. The osteopathic physicianwas proclaiming himself as suchand had more to do than hecould take care of. His successwas based entirely upon his abil-ity to relieve or cure the patientby a method that the old linedoctor knew nothing about. Hissuccess and the news of his su-perior service spread from his pa-tients and radiated from him sothat others were attracted to thestudy of osteopathy.

It seems to me that it shouldnot be necessary for us to forceour profession to proclaim itself.It is an admission of a lack ofpride and faith and surely wehave both. I have traveled alittle myself in the last 25 yearsand have talked before nearlyevery state convention duringthat time. I have always foundthe profession anxious to knowmore about osteopathy. It isstill a deep subject to many ofour best known field men andwomen. I believe that we stillhave the pride too that is neces-sary to put over a strong osteo-pathic influence in any commun-ity.

With these two AT WORKthere will be no need for anxietyin the matter of the size of theclasses. Success and faith gohand in hand and produce theenthusiasm that we need now toaugment the number in our col-leges.

An osteopathic sign on yourdoor certainly can do no harmand offers many opportunities tomake the passer-by stop and'think. The word "Doctor" as-'sociated with an individual usual-ly produces nothing more inthots than, "0, he is just anotherdoctor." Osteopathic physiciansare not in that class.

-H. V. H.

II I

THE LOG BOOK

The Lo BookThe Official Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor ................ Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor .................... R. O. Drews

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Osteopathic TherapeuticsREGION BELOW THE

DIAPHRAM

(Number 25 in series)

RENAL COLICThe term "renal colic" is used

to designate colicy pain of renalorigin, or perhaps more frequent-ly pain of a colicy nature involv-ing the ureter. In fact, the en-tire urinary tract may be includ-ed in severe cases.

The most frequent cause ofrenal colic is the result of thepassage or attempted passage ofcalculi. These calculi, if in smallparticles as sand or gravel, maypass from the kidney pelvisthrough the ureter into the uri-nary bladder, remaining in thebladder and acting as the nidusof bladder stones or may passthrough the urethra and appearin the urine. When renal cal-culi forming in the kidney pelvisare too large to enter the ureterthey may block the proximal endof the ureter. Again, calculi mayform in the substance of the kid-ney and sometimes form largecoral-like branching stones.

As to the cause of renal calculithere have been many theoriesadvanced. It is now believed thata metabolic disturbance may bethe underlying factor. Calculiform in either acid or alkalineurine and while of several typesor kinds, the calcium oxalate andcalcium phosphate types predom-inate in the kidney stones andthe -uric acid and urates in thebladder stones. Infections of thekidney pelvis (pyelitis) probablyserve as a predisposing cause.

Renal calculi occur more com-monly between the ages of thirtyand forty, and about equally inmen and women. The passage ofblood clots, frgaments of tissueand masses of bacteria (colonbacillus pyelitis) through the ure-ter may cause colic of a more orless severe character. Dietl'scrisis associated with ectopic kid-ney must be remembered (usual-ly right-sided). Calculi are fre-quently bilateral.

The outstanding symptom ofrenal colic is the pain, its loca-tion and character. It is said, insevere cases, to be the most ex-cruciating and agonizing of allpain to which human flesh is heir.Characteristically it begins in theloin and extends through thegroin to the bladder. It is fre-quently referred to the externalgenitalia and to the upper andinner side of the thigh. It is a

cutting, lancinating sharp pain Low Back Painwhich tends to wax and wane.In certain cases no actual colicoccurs but the distress consists (Continued from Page One)of a deep pain in the costo-verte- that of the other may be in thebral angle. Blood, either visible transverse or oblique plane.or microscopic, is usually found Anyone of the abnormalitiesupon examination of the urine, mentioned creates an unstableThere may be anuria. Strangury lumbosacral joint and this insta-occurs in severe cases and re-bility, places undue stress andpeated vomiting is by no means strain on ligaments, muscles, andrare. joint surfaces. It is probable that

A rule of prognosis has a cer- the mechanism producing thetain value in those cases where pain is by the overriding of thecalculi become arrested in the posterior articulations whichcourse of their passage down the takes place when there is eitherureter. "Such stones will usually an increased lordosis in the lum-pass within three attacks and bar region or a more acute anglewithin three months." The point at the lumbosacral junction. Thisat which arrest occurs is most latter condition may be due tooften where the ureter passes pressure thinning of the inter-over the brim of the pelvis. In- vertebral disk posteriorly. In thetervals between attacks may vary former case the weight is notfrom daily to months or years. entirely borne by the vertebralThere maybe in given cases but a bodies, but is partially supportedsingle attack. by the posterior articulations, plac-

Diagnosis is made by the char- ing a strain on their capsules andacteristic pain, by the examina- articular facets. Thinning of thetion of the urine, and by X-ray intervertebral disk does not di-studies. Appendicitis must be rectly cause pain, but the result-differentiated in right sided cases ing extension lesion of the articu-and intestinal colic may closely lar facets may cause it by thesimulate. Ureteral catherization increased tension upon the cap-is a valuable means of investiga- sular ligaments, encroachmenttion in diagnosis and may be of upon the size of the foramina,value in treatment If the ureter and impingement of the ends ofbecomes blocked hydronephosis the articular processes againstand pyonephrosis may supervene. the pedicles above and the lamina

(To Be Continued) below.A. D. B. D. O. The diagnosis of the abnormali-

ties of the lower spine is madeby X-ray pictures taken in the~-\L~+~M·Y~~·~-M:· ll 1- +---l Y1~aniLt1Uropositerlor lan iaterai pOSi-

Dr. Woods Speaks At tions. However, a flat lumbarDr.Sea t spine, scoliosis with a prominence

Cherokee on the convex side is fairly com-mon in cases of unilateral sacral-

The fifth district Osteopathic zation. In spina bifida occultameeting was held at Cherokee, there are some signs that mayIowa, February 7, 1941, where suggest the diagnosis; talipesDr. John Woods had the honor equinus, a tuft of hair over theto be the main speaker before a lumbosacral region, and enuresis.large attendance.akrreor The waddling gait and acute lum-

Dr. Woods'nsube bosacral angle are fairly charac-Dr. Woods' subject.was on Os- teristic of spondylolisthesis al-

teopathic Technic and Respira- though it may be confused attory diseases. first with bilateral congenital dis-

location of the hip-joints. If thepain passes into the lower ex-

Polk County Osteopathic tremities it follows the courseand distribution of the fourth and

A ss t .in fifth lumbar, and first sacralAssociationnerves.In talking with the patient

The last meeting of the Polk about his condition and explain-County Osteopathic Association ing the X-ray pictures to him wewas held January 10, 1941 at the should be careful not to over em-Des Moines General Hospital. The phasize the fact that his backusual dinner was served by the will never be normal. Some pa-hospital staff and if possible ex- tients are very susceptible tocelled those of previous occas-such suggestion in which caseions. they continue to have some pain

The discussion was Ezema, di- in the lower back regardless ofagnosis, differntial diagnosis and the type of treatment given.treatment given by Dr. P. J. Ma- Some of these patients are dif-loney of the hospital staff. Fol- ficult to treat and if there is alowing the lecture many ques- history of an injury or accident,tions were asked. and compensation is pending, it is

A r r b s m f hard to relieve the pain in theA regular business meeting fol-back before the claim has been

lowed the talk. About forty-five s ettledfmembers and guests were presentfor this very interesting occasion. Clinical observation indicates

that there must be secondaryosteopathic lesions occurring inthese cases. No doubt the ab-

We can guard our tomorrows normalities predispose to second-from the mistakes of today, but ary lesions above and below thewe cannot alter our yesterdays. involved area, and it is the cor-There is no eraser on the pencil rection of these lesions that givesof time. the relief to the patient, although

there may be some relief obtain-ed by relaxing the tissues undertension in those segments show-ing abnormal changes.

Operation for the removal ofan enlarged transverse process,abnormal spinous process, and insome cases the facets, is perform-ed with apparent benefit to thepatient, but considering all casesoperations are rarely done.

-L. L. Facto

'Where Are They Going?'

"Where are they going?" Thatis a very common question aroundschool now, especially since thequalifying exam. grades havebeen turned back and they (thesenior A's) found out that allhave successfully passed the testcovering their: full four yearcourse. So your reporter made aspecial effort to do a little eaves-dropping and found the answersto the question stated above.

Harold C. Bahling will internat the Massachusetts OsteopathicHospital.

Lillie McClure Dunlop will takethe Iowa board and expects topractice here.

Edythe M. Gates will take theWest Virginia and Ohio boardsand will locate for practice inthat area.

Paul W. Gehman will intern atthT- NTrth T izfet r n \->\i * T; e_1ul\ Nu-u.iJA rJL bt, x iUajJILaI in xCIan-sas City, Missouri.

John Hardy will intern at Wal-do Hospital in Seattle Wash.

Georgiana B. Harris will takethe Ohio board and then go intoa general practice and eventuallyspecialize in obstetrics, gyn. andpediatrics.

Hollis G. Jemison will internat the North East Hospital atKansas City, Missouri.

William I. Laut will take theMichigan and Missouri boards,then settle down to a generalpractice in some small town.

Jack Miller will go to WestVirginia and take the boards andpractice in that state.

Paul Rutter will intern at theWaldo Hospital in Seattle, Wash.

Rudolph A. Sabo is a little un-decided what he is going to do.

Ted Schloff will take the Ohioboard and the second half of thenational board in the spring, thenexpects to go into a generalpractice in some small commu-nity in Iowa.

Robert Smith will intern atthe Widney Hospital and Clinicat Lexington, Nebraska.

James Watt will take the Mis-souri board and plans to intern.

We take great pleasure in con-gratulating these students andwish them all the luck they de-serve. There is one thing thatthat new graduate must keep inmind and that is, to work to-gether and stay united so thatthe profession may be able to suc-cessfully meet the the manyproblems that confront it.

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Il

THE: LOG BOOK

I - 3L^.N. ILegislative Committee

Dr. S. H. Klein, Chairman ofthe Legislative Committee, re-ports that to February 5, 1941,the following public health meas-ures were introduced in the pres-ent legislative session which con-vened January 13, 1941:

SENATE FILE 1, a bill to pro-vide a program of uniform, state-wide aid to dependent children inconformity with the Social Se-curity Act of Congress.

SENATE FILE 2, providingcertain physical requirements asa prerequisite to the issuance ofa marriage license.

SENATE FILE 10, relating tonew qualifications of the superin-tendent of Glenwood state schoolnamely, "the superintendent shallbe a well educated physician withat least five years experience inthe actual practice of medicine."

HOUSE FILE 24, dealing withthe committment, care and sup-port of insane persons.

HOUSE FILE 35, authorizingthe taking of chemical tests todetermine intoxication of personsarrested for crimes in which in-toxication may be an issue anddesignating those competent totake the test.

SENATE FILE 60, authorizingcounties, cities or towns andschool districts to appropriatemoney for the support and main-tenance of health, psychologicaland psychiatric clinics.

SENATE FILE 76, providingfor the transfer of the powers oflocal boards of health from town-ship trustees to county boards ofsupervisors.

HOUSE FILE 42, relating tomotor vehicles and providing forexamination of those deemed tobe physically or mentally incom-petent to operate same.

HOUSE FILE 45 SENATEFILE 69 (companion bills), pro-viding for the pledging of netearnings of a municipal electriclight and power plant in any cityof the second class wherein astate educational institution is lo-cated for the purpose of con-structing a municipal hospital oran addition thereto.

HOUSE FILE 70, relating toaid for the needy blind.

SENATE FILE 78, relating tothe fund from which the expensesof the County Board of Healthare paid.

SENATE FILE 95, being a billfor an act to repeal Chapter 123,Code, 1939, relating to the prac-tice of Pharmacy and to enact asubstitute therefor entitled "StatePharmacy Chapter."

SENATE FILE 97, providingfor an appropriation for the boardof pharmacy examiners to con-tinue enforcement of the NarcoticDrug Act for the next fivemonths.

SENATE FILE 157, a bill foran act to repeal Chapter 119,Code, 1939, and to enact a sub-stitute therefor, relating to thepractice of Chiropractic.

SENATE FILE 162, giving cit-ies and towns the power to createhousing assessment districts; toprovide for the alteration, re-moval, repair and improvementof unsanitary and unsafe dwell-ings, houses, apartments andtenements.

SENATE FILE 180, relating tofraternal beneficiary associationsand authorizing the issuance ofcertificates not exceeding $300.00in amount without regard to ageor medical examination.

HOUSE FILE 168, a compan-ion bill to Senate File 2 (abovedescribed).

HOUSE FILE 174, relating tonarcotic drugs, providing for cer-tain exemptions, providing forconfiscation and forfeiture of ve-hicles unlawfully used in the nar-cotic trade and relating to penal-ties for violations of the provi-sions of Chapter 155.1, Code,1939-the Narcotic Drug Act.

SENATE FILE 211, a bill foran act to amend Chapter 122,Code, 1939, relating to the prac-tice of optometry and the dispen-sion of opthalmic lenses andproviding, in part, as follows: "Itshall be unlawful for any personto dispense an opthalmic lens orlenses, without first having ob-tained a written prescription ororder therefor from a duly lic-ensed practicing optometrist, orlicensed practitioner of medicineand surgery as defined in Chap-ter 116 of the Code."

Members of the profession de-siring a copy of any bill listedabove may secure same by writ-ing the Chairman of the Legisla-tive Committee, S. H. Klein, D.O., 1212 Equitble Building, DesMoines.

Due to limited space, it is im-possible to publish further pro-fessional news and information inthis issue of the Log Book.

Application for Membership

W. C. McWilliams, Wapello.Dwight S. James,

Sec.-Treas.

Pursuit for a Reason(Continued From Last Issue)In ancient Greece, when mar-

athon running seemed to be theprincipal diversion, pain in thesplenic area was observed bythese contestants. Anatomistsfound no association between thespleen and the gastro-intestinaltract. The swift giraffe possessesno spleen so it was deemed anadventitious structure causingpain on exertion and constitutingan excess weight. Hence splen-ectomy was almost an entrancerequirement for the marathon,and the spleen appeared to theseancients to be a definite impedi-ment to rapid and prolonged lo-comotion.

The largest branch of the coel-iac axis artery goes to the spleen(suggesting its great importance)and carries with it the post-gang-lionic fibers of the Sympatheticdivision of the vegetative nerv-

ous system from the semi-lunarand lateral chain ganglia Thecells of origin and reflex centerslying in the lateral horn of thegray-matter of the medulla spi-nalis from the third to the elev-enth thoracic segments and con-nected with the lateral chain andsemi-lunar ganglia by white ramicommunicantes. The leinal veinis one of the largest veins in theabdomen and with the superiormesenteric vein forms the portalvein to the porta hepatis of theliver. The terminal ganglia onand within the spleen of the Pa-rasympathetic division of thevegetative nervous system receivefibers from the nucleus dorsalis,vegetative nucleus of the tenthcranial nerve. The vagus op-poses the more important Sym-pathetic innervation to thespleen.

The spleen contains smoothmuscle tissue innervated by theSympathetic. The purpose ofsmooth muscle tissue is to con-tract, rhythmically, consequentlythe spleen is a contractile organ.The loosely formed sinusoids ofthe spleen are lined with reticulo-endothelial cells and the circula-tion is open. This permits thevascular fluids to come into di-rect contact with these cells. Thelymphatic bodies or malphighianbodies in the spleen are similar-ly exposed to the open circula-tion. They were found to havereticulo-endothelial cells as theirreticulum as is present in alllymphoid tissue.

To summarize the physiologicalactivities of the spleen, briefly,in order of importance possibly,we see it first as a reticulo-endo-thelial structure having as muchto do with actually overcomingand preventing the spread of aninfection as the rest of the bodyin an entirety; secondly, a con-tractile structure invaluable ingeneral and portal circulation;thirdly, a lymphoid organ.

During exercise or any Sym-pathetic stimulation or followinginjection of adrenalin, the bloodvessels of the gastro-intestinaltract contract as does the sphinc-ters, and the smooth muscles inthe spleen. This forces the bloodinto the somatic area. This is afactor of inconsiderable impor-tance, for in the dog 20% of itsblood is stored in the spleen forsuch emergencies. It is probablythis extreme contraction whichproduced reflexly due to segment-al hyper-irritability in the splen-ic ache of the marathon runnerand doomed the spleen that wasphysiologically aiding him. Thereaction to infection is a sympa-thetic response. Consequently, wefind the spleen contracting rhyth-mically with the resultant expres-sion of its vascular content, whichserum has contacted the reticu-lo-endothelial tissue acting in re-sponse to the antigen in the se-rum that returned from the areaof infection.

The application of the princi-ples of Reticulo-endothelial activ-ity and the Antigen-Antibody re-:action in infections will be de-scribed in the next issue.

Habits

We have been informed byCentral Office that the new A. O.A. Directory now in the presswill contain the largest numberof names of members in the his-tory of organized osteopathy.That is a most interesting andimportant fact. It means thatthe osteopathic profession recog-nizes the high value in organiza-tion. To be welded together, tobe compact, to be unified meansthat we are building the struc-ture for more intensified effortand accomplishment.

With this thought in the backof our minds, we should beginplanning to attend the AnnualConvention of the American Os-teopathic Association in AtlanticCity from June 23rd to 27th in-clusive. We should establish an-other new record for 1941 in theattendance and the success of thisrepresentative meeting of ourprofession. I have not missed anational convention for manyyears. I attend not only our ownstate conventions but severalstate conventions each year. Iattend all of the city and manyof the district conventions.

The point I wish to make isthat I have the "Convention hab-it." I recommend it to everymember of our profession. Noone can afford to miss the in-formation and inspiration attend-ant upon such activities. Neithercan one afford to miss the meet-ing and making of our many pro-fessional friends made possible inconvention groups. Good habitsare just as binding as bad habits.Begin the formation of the con-vention habit by attending thenext Annual A. O. A. Conventionat Atlantic City. If you alreadyhave the convention habit, beginplanning now that there shall beno break in it.

Advance information regardingarrangements and program forthe Atlantic City Convention in-dicates that in many ways thisconvention will set a new mark.Many opportunities for side tripsand entertainment before and af-ter the convention give this par-ticular convention, because of itsadvantageous location, an addedvalue.

Yours for the development of ahabit that will bring you profitand pleasure.

-A. D. B., D. O.

Graduation(Continued From Page One)

The doctors graduating at thistime were: Harold Bahling, Lil-lie McClure Dunlop, Edythe M.Gates, Paul Gehman, John Hardy,Georgiana Harris, H. GordonJemison, William Laut, Jack Mil-ler, Paul T. Rutter, RudolphSabo, Theodore J. Schloff, Rob-ert Smith, James P. Watt.

To seek only our own good,regardless of others, is alwaysoad business.

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i

--- i THEEEntered as second class T

matter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at DesMoines, Iowa, under the *act of August 24th, 1912.*j--LO BOK

Accepted for mailing atspecial rates of postageprovided - for in :Section1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 March 15, 1941 Number 3Volume 19 March 15- 1941 Number 3I ume

The Accessory FoodFactors II

John B. Shumaker

MineralsSince our resume of the vitam-

ins in the December 15th issueof the LOG BOOK, important do-mestic changes have been de-veloping in the field of accessoryfood factors. Recently our gov-ernment has recommended thefortification of white flour withthiamin, riboflavin, and nicotinicacid; calcium phosphorus, andiron.

It has long been known thatthe processing of wheat to pro-duce white flour has deprivedthis indispensable cereal of mostof its vital properties . Very soonnow, this deficiency will be re-medied and our growing army ofyoung men will benefit in healthby the addition of these sub-stances to flour and other foods.

In the mineral fortification offoods emphasis is being placed onthe elements calcium, phosphorusand iron. Iodine, of course, isequally important, but it is beingsupplied to most of us in ampleamounts in iodized salt. Dietsare most often deficient in thesefour elements, and since they areessential, they assume prime im-portance.

The elements which composethe body may be divided into twoclasses, the metals consist of theelements sodium, potassium, cal-cium, magnesium, iron, copper,manganese, cobalt, nickel, zinc,aluminum, and traces of manyothers. The non-metals consistof oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen,sulfur, chlorine, bromine, iodine,phosphorus, silicon, fluorine, andtraces of other elements whosepresence may be accidental. Thepresent discussion will be limitedto a brief review of the metals.

Sodium (Na.)This element is not present in

sufficient quantity in plant foodsand muscle cuts of meat. Tablesalt supplies the additional quan-tities required. Na is associatedin the body with chloride andbicarbonate. It occurs largely inthe plasma and interstitial fluidsbut is almost absent in erythro-cytes. The daily requirementsare about 4 grams of Na in theform of 10 grams of salt. Thebody will tolerate an intake of35-40 grams of salt per day with-out showing edema. This elementis largely responsible for main-taining the acid-base equilibriumof the body, minor parts being

(Continued on Page Three)(C. t

Pursuit For a ReasonAntigen-Antibody Reaction

Infection, defined as the suc-cessful invasion of tissue by bac-teria, occurs. There follows anincubation period during whichthe bacteria acclimate themselvesto a new environment, begin mul-tiplying, increasing in virulencyand liberating an ever increasingamount of toxin and number ofbacteria into the venous and lym-phatic return from the area ofinfection.

T)uring this period there maybe no symptoms. As the toxemiaincreases, there occurs a groupof symptoms due specifically tothe toxemia, i. e. anorexia, mal-aise, weakness, elevation of tem-perature, increase in metabolicrate, nerve instability, alterationin disposition, and increased ir-ritability of reflexes. These symp-toms may vary in predominancebut one or more of them are al-ways present. Although the pa-tient is not aware, toxemia re-sults in a lowering of the synap-tic resistance of the reflex arcand an alteration in the ioniccontent of the colloidal cellstending toward the acid side.

The lowered synaptic resistancefacilitates the canalization ofnear-by reflex arcs with the re-sultant expression in their tra-jectory of alterations in vaso-motor control, nutrition, sensa-tion and muscle tonicity. Thesymptoms of infection by whichwe deduce the type and locationof the process are thus expressedaccording to the embryonic seg-mentation of the body by theSympathetic nervous system tosomatic structures that must besegmentally associated with thediseased area. Over the Para-sympathetics canalization of ap-proximating reflex arcs occursand symptoms more variable thanthose expressed by the Sympath-etics but more comprehensible tothe patient, i. e., nausea, vomit-ing, constipation result.

The sympathetically expressedsymptoms, pain, muscle spasti-city, impairment of joint motion,skin tenderness, etc., dictate thatthe visceral involvement has beenpresent and developed longenough and irritating enough toproduce sufficient segmentalhyper-irritability that the inti-mately associated somatic area isdefinitely inflammed. Until thisstage in the infection is reached,although the patient has neededosteopathic treatment, he usuallyhas not seen a physician. Adisease, to a patient, is, with re-

Dr. Arthur G. HildrethThere are only a few men in

any profession or group that maybe correctly referred to as stal-warts. Dr. Hildreth was a stal-wart in the osteopathic profes-sion. Perhaps no finer thing canbe said of any man than that heleft a gap in the ranks whichcannot be filled. No mere wordsof mine can measure the loss orexpress our regret in the passingof this great soul. His life andhis work established a high markwhich will forever prove an in-spiration to the many thousandswho knew him and loved him.His contributions to the profes-sion which he served with out-standing distinction are beyondmeasure. In and out of season,his vigorous and eloquent sup-port of fundamental osteopathicprinciples was truly "a cloud byday and a pillar of fire by night"for a rapidly growing and de-veloping school of therapy. Hisconstructive influence will liveforever through his many servicesto the profession he loved andcherished. It was a great priv-ilege to have known Dr. ArthurG. Hildreth.

-A. D. B., D. O.

gard to seriousness, in direct pro-portion to the amount of pain orincapacitation that the maladyinduces. Hence the possibility ofaborting an infectious disease bymanipulative treatment is dwarf-ed by the fact that the disease iswell established when the physi-cian is called. When the phy-sician contacts the infected pa-tient, he finds two factors ofparamount importance. One, theamount of antigen which alsoimplies virulency of the organ-ism, the type of toxin, the stagein the infectious process and thepotentiality of the infectious pro-cess. Contrasting with thisamount of antigen, we discoverwhat is on the other end of thebalance and summing these ele-ments concisely, we mean anti-body response. Antibody responsesimilarly is conditioned by manythings, reticulo-endothelial tissueactivity, amount of stimulation byantigen, function of the reflexarc, extent of function of certainglands, the ionic content of thefluids and tissues of the body,past infections, general resist-ance, etc.

Precisely, therefore, we see thebalance that is between theamount of antign and the amountof anti-body. The general tox-

(Continued on Page Four)

Low Back Pain(Continued From Last Issue)Last month a discussion of the

anomalies of the spine and thepart they play in the causationof backache was given. The pres-ent article will deal with chronicarthritis of the spine, generallyknown as spondulitis deformans,not alone because it is a commoncondition but because ' of the dis-abling effects which in manycases are permanent. It is thepurpose of this paper to brieflydescribe the types of arthritisgrouped under spondylitis defor-mans; therefore, no attempt ismade to give a detailed discus-sion of any one type.

Arthritis of the spine occurs inall classes of people and at allages. It is more common inmales than females and is pres-ent in some degree in practicallyall cases after the age of forty-five. An inherited predisposition,nervousness and worry, infection,trauma, endocrine malfunction,metabolic disturbances, constipa-tion associated with visceroptosis,and faulty body mechanics areimportant etiological factors.

In some cases the changes tak-ing place in the joints are proli-feration of the synovial mem-branes, degeneration of the car-tilage and bone, with infiltrationof the periarticular tissues grad-ually progressing to deformityand ankylosis; and in other casesthere is breaking down of thecartilage, marked hypertrophy ofthe bone, with deformity of thejoints but no ankylosis.

The clinical picture is one ofslow onset characterized by stiff-ness and pain. The pain in thelower back is not unlike that oc-curring in other cases of back-ache. Dull aching sensation withstiffness of the muscles especiallymarked when bending over andlifting which may not completelydisappear upon going to bed.Coughing and sneezing aggra-vates the existing pain or causesharp shooting pains in the backextending into the legs. If thespine higher up is involved thepain extends to the anterior tho-racic and abdominal walls. Thisoccurs more frequently when thecosto-vertebral articulations areincluded in the pathology. Attimes there are gastrointestinalsymptoms present, such as, diar-rhea and constipation. If anky-losis takes place all pain maycompletely disappear.

Spondylitis deformans is divid-(Continued on Page Three)

REFRESHER COURSE, MAY 26th to 31st Inclusive

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4

THE LOG BOOK

N. O. . C.The past month has been a

great inspiration to us. Our cor-respondence has been satisfactoryto the percentage of 90. The de-lays we have had to suffer havenot always been due to neglectbut to caution and in one case toserious illness. Our last projectof the year seems certain to goover 100% but we will not boastnor commit ourselves until later.

Copies of Leland's directoryand Banta's Greek Exchangehave been received and our com-plete membership is listed. Wehave the rather bad news thatthe World Almanac did not giveus the space we thot we wereentitled to and so we have start-ed an investigation to find outwhere the slip occured. Finalword has not been received onthe item. Proof has been return-ed to the Fraternity Month foran article that will appear short-ly in that publication and whilewe would like to have it a littledifferent we must be satisfiedwith this first apperance of theCouncil and its membership in anationally known fraternity pe-riodical. Those of you who willread it please remember that thisoffice merely sent in the mater-ial asked for and we had nothingto do with the editing or the se-lection of pictures.

Again may we urge you tostart with your preparations forthe meeting in Atlantic City. Theprogram already partly outlinedwill present many items of im-portance to our subordinate chap-ters, our Grand Chapters and ourtotal fraternity Alumni.

-J. Paul Leonard, Pres.H. V. Halladay, Exc.-Secy.

ATLA CULPPOne of the highlights of the

fraternity's recent social activi-ties was the combination Hard-Time and Millionnaires' partyheld on Saturday, February 22nd.The decorations included oldnewspapers covering the walls asmurals in the lounge-room andseemed quite appropriate for thevariety of outfits worn by theguests and members. The lady'sprize for the best costume wasawarded to Mrs. Nadene Taylorand the gent's prize to JerryRobb.

Practical-work nights havebeen continued this semester andon February 24th we received anexcellent discussion on Trauma-tic Injuries by Dr. E. J. Leubbersof Cramer's Health Farm of thiscity. Plans are under way formore of these practical eveningswith outstanding speakers bothfrom within and outside the pro-fession.

The first Atlas Sunday Dinnerof this year was held on March2nd with about twenty memberspresent. Dr. and Mrs. Becker,as well as friends and wives ofthe members were among theguests.

The first of the assembliessponsored by the individual fra-ternities of the college was heldon Friday, March 7th with theAtlas Club in charge. An excel-

lent dramatic and musical pro-gram was presented through thecooperation of the American In-stitute of Business. Those takingpart included, Norma Beasley;Nedra McCall; Bobby Beers;Dorothy Boud, accompanist; andVerdo Weddle, master of cere-monies. We wish to thank thisinstitution of "modern businesstraining" for their spontaneousresponse and willingness to co-operate with the college in all itsactivities.

-G. L. E. Stylus

AarWe would like to go on record

and retract our original predic-tion of "being up in the running"in the Bowling Tournament.Thanks to the unerring aim ofour erstwhile opponents, it cer-tainly looks like we're a good betfor the cellar position.

A practical session followed theFraternity meeting last Monday.The boys practiced suturing-onham hocks. A round table dis-cussion on the different methodsof suturing ensued. We plan tohold practical sessions in Osteo-pathic Technic in the future.These are to be held in seminarfashion; a sort of review on var-ious methods of ManipulativeTherapy.

The Fraternity will conductservices at the Polk Blvd. Syna-gogue Friday evening, March 7,1940. These services are in com-memoration of our third anniver-sary as a Fraternity.

The latest reports from thefield indicate that Dr. MaxwellN. Greenhouse is doing very wellwith those dextrous "ten fingers."Maxie's enthusiasm has alwaysbeen contagious. We extend toDr. Al Yarrows all of the bestwishes for success in his new of-fices, which he recently openedin Detroit, Mich.

Plans are now being made forour Assembly program, to be heldat the college, March 28, 1941.We hope to make it an interest-ing one.

-L. R.

Sigma Sigma Phi has shownthe work of the perfect host byallowing the Psi Sigma Alpha theHonor of Victory in the bowlingtournament. We can't under-stand why P. S. A. does not be-lieve it is chivalry.

On February 25, 1941 an ex-cellent discussion on the plansfor the college extension programwas given by Dr. Paul Parks.Our hats are off to the enthusi-astic group who have already ac-complished so much toward thisgoal.

K. B. R.

BUZThe days are growing longer

each time the sun sets and rises,but for some unknown reasontime is going by mighty fast. Intwelve more weeks we will won-der where today has gone to insuch a sneaking way from underour partially opened eyes.

It seems as though the bowlingtournament is leaving the IotaTau Sigma pretty far behind ina cloud of smoke. It so happensthat the Seniors are pretty muchincompacitated the past fewweeks preparing for "Qualify-ings" that will be held the 28th,29th and 30th of April.

Wednesday the 5th of March ameeting was held in the collegelibrary, at which some importantbusiness was transacted. At thattime a pledge banquet was an-nounced to be held Wednesdaynight the 12th of March.

-H. G. H.

DESERT-ATIONSDr. Arthur G. Hildreth

So much will be written aboutDr. Hildreth by more talentedwriters than myself that I hesi-tate to offer a paragraph. Tome he was Osteopathic PhysicianNumber 2, the Old Doctor beingNumber 1, of course. It hasbeen my privilege and honor toknow Dr. Hildreth for 42 yearsand of course more intimatelyduring the past 28 years or sinceI have been a small part of theprofession. In that time it seemsto me that he has not let a daypass without doing something forthe advancement of Osteopathy.His nearly 50 years of servicewill never be equaled for his in-fluence has extended into everystate either thru his legislativework or his teachings. We knewhe must pass on but his deathshocks us all. How fortunate weare that he published his book.In it we have a constant com-panion that will bring him backwhenever we wish and that shouldbe often. It will be difficult topciture our annual conventionwithout Dr. Hildreth there. Hewas so much a part of our osteo-pathic pattern that the designwill now have to be altered toallow for his absence.

BooksThis past month has brought

several letters to my desk askingabout Osteopathic texts. I amnot sure just what interpretationto put on this. There are notenough to consider it an awaken-ing desire for osteopathic litera-ture but there may be a trendthat way. I have been asked torewrite a fine old osteopathictext that has been out of printfor many years. I know this isa valuable book and that thereshould be a demand for it but Ialso know that, comparatively,only a few copies will be sold.We do not have many purely os-teopathic texts. Perhaps we haveenough but I do not think so. Ifwe are not producing books eachyear we are not advancing verymuch. Books are records of dis-coveries or new applications ofproven facts and our expansioncertainly offers the opportunityfor more osteopathic books. OurJournals cannot take the place ofprinted texts. Demand regulatessupply and until we can bringourselves to demand more osteo-pathic texts written by able os-teopathic physicians these evi-dences of our advancement will

be kept under the proverbialbushel.

LettersThe most of you know me well

enough to pass this with a grinor to really give it a seriousthot. I get mad enough at timesto commit murder. Fortunatelyfor the offender he or she isusually miles away and safe. Icannot understand why lettersare not answered when theyshould be. I know we write alot of letters that do not needimmediate attention but we alsowrite quite a few that should beanswered in a day or two orahead of some that may be onthe desk. I checked my mail to-day and find that I am awaitingreplies from eight that really dohave an important bearing onsome matters of concern to ourentire profession. Not many ofus write letters just for the funof it. We ask for information,or authority, or approval, or helpon an idea, or we ask for co-operation in a project for thecommon good of all of us and yetwe find an uncalled-for delay ingetting answers to important let-ters. As a profession we shouldmake it a point of pride to applypromptness to ourselves in thesame degree that we ask it ofpatients who have made an ap-pointment for a certain hour.Delay is the most costly luxurywe enjoy. The apologies I willeventually receive with the an-swers to those eight letters can-not make up the lost time norbring back the opportunity thathas passed on and will not return.

-H. V. H.

Student CouncilThe election of officers for the

ensuing semester was held onFebruary 28, 1941 along with theregular business meeting. Thenew officers are: Philip Reames,president; Howard Johnston, firstvice president; Merton C. Wor-ster, second vice president; W.Dunbar, secretary and treasurer.

Committees were appointed toassume the responsibilities of di-recting the student assemblies,student activities and the studentfund.

The newly appointed assemblycommittee announced that the as-sembly programs for the remain-der of the semester will be incharge of the various fraternitiesand sorority.

Plans for the annual springpicnic were discussed and an-nouncements regarding this eventwill soon be known.

The student band was voted anappropriation for the purchase ofmore music.

The student council announcesthat it is especially anxious tocooperate with both the studentbody and the faculty in the inter-est of the school.

DeathsLast rites for Dr. Robert W.

Hubbard, 33, were held November27, 1941 in Parskburg, West Vir-ginia. Dr. Hubbard had just re-cently joined offices with Dr. W.R. McLaughlin in Parksburg.

I I - I I

THE LOG BOOK

The Log BookThe Official Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor ................ Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor ....................R. O. Drews

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Osteopathic TherapeuticsREGION BELOW THE

DIAPHRAM

(Number 26 in series)

RENAL COLIC (Cont'd)Having considered the defini-

-tion, causes, symptoms and diag-nosis of renal colic it now be-comes logical to discuss the mat-ter of treatment. All of one'sknowledge of diseases and devia-tions from normal functioning,from etiology to minutest path-ological change and from symp-toms and clinical findings todifferential diagnositc criteria,should contribute finally to skilland success in treatment. Cor-rect, logical and effective treat-ment is the goal sought by bothpatient and physician, and thereputation of the physician musteventually be gauged by the mer-its or the lack of merit in hisapplications in treatment.

Whatever the cause of renalcolic, the immediate problem atthe time is the control of painand distress. As has been saidin the preceeding article, the painis often of an agonizing characterand well-nigh intolerable. Theosteopathic treatment to controlthe pain in this condition is inmany ways exactly similar to themethod used in the treatment ofbiliary colic, (January Log Book)excepting that the application ofpressure is lower in the spine,11th dorsal to 2nd lumbar. Deep,steady and continued pressuresufficient to bow the spine for-ward and applied chiefly on theside of involvement is entirelyeffective in many cases. Thisdeep, steady presure should bemaintained for three to five min-ute periods and may require re-petition for twenty to thirtyminutes-or longer.

The sympathetic innervation ofthe ureter, through which we getour chief results in osteopathictreatment in colics, is by way ofthe renal plexus and the sper-matic (or ovarian) plexus for theabdominal portion (kidney to thepelvic brim). The pelvic portionof the ureter receives its sym-pathetic innervation from thehypogastric plexus. In eithercase, the preganglionic origin ofthis sympathetic innervation isfrom the lower dorsal and upperlumbar segments of the cord.Viscero-somatic and somato-vis-ceral reflex arcs are best con-trolled at the segments wherepreganglionic nerves have theirexit.

The rationale and the effective-

ness of this treatment is depend-ent upon the physiological factthat one function of sympatheticinnervation is viscero inhibitorand acts to relax plain musclefibres and to lessen peristaltic-like contractions. The pain, dueto muscle spasm, forceful dilationand alternating contractions islessened or entirely relieved byprofound sympathetic stimulation.The treatment, then, not only re-lieves distress but also facilitatesthe passage of the foreign object(gravel, clot, etc.) The sympath-etic innervation supplies otherfunctions as vasomotor control,trophism and secretory functions.

The osteopathic treatment ofvisceral colics where ever locatedis in many ways similar; that is,the underlying principle of treat-ment is the same. If the colic isgastric, intestinal, rectal, bladder,uterine or tubal, the objectivesought is to lessen peristalsis orperistaltic-like contractions andto relax spasm. The location ofchief application of leverage willvary with the nerve supply of thestructure involved. Pelvic colics,as rectal or uterine colics, mayalso be controlled by firm pres-sure over the posterior sacralarea opposite the second to thefourth sacral foramina. This latereffect is by way of the pelvicnerve.

Patients with renal colic shouldrest in bed at the time of theattack. Copious intake of fluidsis desirable. In about one-thirdof such cases it may be necessaryto use some type of pain-reliev-ing medication in which casemorphine probably is best.

Surgical interference may beindicated where the ureter be-comes blocked by stone or wherethere are stones in the kidneypelvis or in the kidney substance.Nephrectomy may become neces-sary in case of hydronephrosis orpyonephrosis.

-A. D. B., D. O.

The Accessory FoodFactors II

(Continued From Page One)played by K, Ca, Mg. Deficiencymay arise from lowered intake,prolonged vomiting, and from ex-cessive dehydration (diarrhea,sweating, diuresis). Being large-ly confined to the circulatoryfluids of the body it is not storedand leaves the body rapidly in theform of chloride. An adequatedaily intake must therefore bemaintained except in a few cases,i. e., diabetes insipious, where saltand water intake are bothlimited.

Potassium (K.)Potassium is held largely with-

in the cells and most of thatpresent within the cell is tightlybound in the protoplasm. Verylittle K is found in the circula-tory fluids. Plant foods and leanmeats supply ample quantitiesand potassium deficiencies arerare. Urinary excretions of Kand Na occur together, an in-crease in one causing an increasein the other. High intake ofsodium chloride causes greaterloss of K in the urine. The auto-

matic properties of the centralnervous system and of the heartare ascribed in part to the pres-ence of potassium. K plays aprobable role in carbohydratemetabolism.

Calcium (,Ca.)The role of calcium and phos-

phorus in bone and tooth forma-tion is well known. In addition,Ca is needed for blood clottingand for activating trypsinogeninto trypsin. Lack of Ca causesstunted growth in the young.There is growing evidence thatCa deficiency may be in part re-sponsible for susceptibility to di-sease and allergy. The normalblood level is about 10 mg. per-cent in serum. Lowered concen-trations eventually cause hyper-irritability of the nervous systemand tetany. Ca absorption maybe lowered by gastric hypoacidityand by decrease in bile flow.Marked Ca deficiencies may beindicated by constipation, vomit-ing, fever, and acetonuria. Ecze-ma sometimes occurs. A quartof milk per day provides 1.2grams of Ca which is almost thedaily requirement.

Magnesium (Mg.)Magnesium exerts a depressing

action on the nervous tissue. Thedaily requirement is about thatof calcium, i. e., about 1.5 gramsper day. It is abundant in mostplant foods and deficiency is rare. . This element is essential inthe oxidation of glucose, andalong with manganese, it is nec-essary in the activation of vitam-in B1 (cocarboxylase).

Iron (Fe.)Iron, as we know, is necessary

in the production of hemoglobin.Nutritional anemias may arisefor several reasons. Faulty ironabsorption may be a cause. Low-ered gastric acidity, diarrhea, de-crease in bile flow resulting information of iron soaps of thefatty acids, formation of insolubleiron phosphate when phosphatesare fed at the same time, all maybe reasons for failure to absorbFe. Hydrochloric acid and re-duced iron are often administeredtogether. Ferric phosphate withsodium citrate is a soluble formof iron unaffected by alkalinity,and is readily absorbed.

Copper Cu.)Copper is without doubt fre-

quently necessary as an adjunctin the formation of hemoglobin.It appears to serve as a catalystin iron assimilation. The dailyrequirements appear to be about1 milligram per day. Copper isstored in the liver. This is par-ticularly true of infants wherethey must depend upon milk asthe only food for some time. Milkis a poor source of iron and ofcopper. Milk anemias are usu-ally relieved when a little copperis given along with iron. Foodsof the adult usually contain suf-ficient copper to meet daily re-quirements.

Manganese (Mn.)Manganese deficiency, as men-

tioned above, decreases carbohy-drate metabolism. This elementappears to prevent sterility, andis necessary for normal growth.Lack of manganese causes slip-ping of the leg tendons of fowl.

Manganese is frequently em-ployed in anemias and amenor-rhea. The daily requirement isnot known but for children it isbelieved that o.l mg. per pound ofbody weight is necessary. Wholewheat bread is a good source ofmanganese.

Traces of Other MetalsCobalt, nickel, aluminum, zinc

and other metals are known toexist in the body, but their func-tion is unknown. Their presencemay be purely accidental andwithout significance.

Of all the metals, most em-phasis must be placed upon cal-cium and iron. Our present dayfoods are apt to be most deficientin these elements . The day isnot far distant when most of ourfoods will be fortified with min-erals as well as vitamins, and ra-tional food preparation will thenhave taken the place of the intui-tive selection of foods which ourstoneage progenitors found soadequate.

Low Back Pain(Continued From Page One)

ed into atrophic and hypertrop-hic. Atrophic arthritis includesthe type known as spondyloserhizomelique (Strumpell-Marie).In this condition there is a pri-mary ossification of the ligamentsof the spine, particularly the an-terior common ligament, and bythe involvement also of theshoulders and hips. Usually thesacroiliac joints are affected veryearly in its course. This typeoften appears in the absence ofany of the etiological factorsmentioned above. It is more com-mon in men than women, andthey are more susceptible be-tween the ages of twenty andforty. Under hypertrophic thereis a subtype known as Von Bech-terew's arthritis. It is character-ized by proliferative changes inthe vertebrae mainly in the dor-sal region and degenerativechanges in the nervous system,but apparently there is no provenrelationship between the changesin the bones and those in thenervous system.

The diagnosis is made by thehistory of the case and the x-rayexamination. In the differentialdiagnosis tuberculosis, syphilis,tabes dorsalis, tumors of the cord,fractures, back sprains, malign-ancy, rupture of an intervertebraldisk, and osteopathic lesions haveto be considered.

As to how much can be donein a given case depends upon theage, type of person, their resist-ance, occupation, and whether ornot foci of infection are playinga part.

Some patients are relieved byheat, counter irritants, increasedelimination such as colonic irriga-tions, and removal of foci of in-fection. Others show improve-ment when arthrotrophic vac-cines, supportive corsets, correc-tive braces, and traction are used.

Rest and diet are important.Absolute rest on a hard mattress,with or without traction, givesgreat relief in many cases. Inthose cases with severe pain, not

(Continued on Page Four)

THE LOG BOOK

S pg Dst Meets

Spring District MeetingsThe spring district circuit meet-

ings will be held as follows:District I, April 4, Cedar Rap-

ids, Roosevelt Hotel.District II, March 31, Council

Bluffs, Chieftain Hotel.District III, March 30, Ottum-

wa, Ottumwa Hotel.District IV, April 2, Fort

Dodge, Wakonna Hotel.District V, April 1, Storm Lake,

Bradford Hotel.'District VI, April 3, Marshall-

town, Tallcorn Hotel.Doctor J. Leland Jones, in-

structor in infectious diseases andemergency practice, and a mem-ber of the clinic staff at the Kan-sas City College of Osteopathywill be on the program. He willlecture on (1) Common Symp-toms and Treatment of Acute Di-seases, (2) Heart Diagnosis Sim-plified.

Doctor Byron Laycock, instruc-tor in osteopathic principles andosteopathic technique at DesMoines Still College of Osteo-pathy and Surgery will likewisespeak at each meeting. He willlecture on "Osteopathic Princi-ples That Apply Today" and willdemonstrate osteopathic techni-que giving particular attention tothe occipito-atlantal and lowback areas.

President Jordan, who has ar-ranged for the above program,will speak on State Affairs.

Society ConventionDoctor S. H. Klein, Chairman

of the Convention Program Com-mittee, reports that the annualconvention of the Society will beheld at the Savery Hotel, DesMoines, on May 7 and 8.

Legislative CommitteeDoctor S. H. Klein, as Chair-

man of the Legislative Commit-tee, advises that the work of thisCommittee on legislative prob-lems confronting the professionhas thus far been successful.

Applications for MembershipAlan M. Nelson, Belmond.Charles L. Wheeler, Center-

ville.Mary Wheeler, Centerville.-Dwight S. James, Sec.-Treas.

Polk County OsteopathicAssociation

A banquet for the Polk CountyOsteopathic Association was heldat the Hotel Kirkwood February14, 1941.

Following the dinner an excel-lent film was shown on Anteriorpoliomyelitis and Human Fertil-ity.

The senior A students of thecollege were invited to attend thismeeting.

-P. E. K.

NOTICE

If and when you changeyour address, please notify theLog Book promptly.

Pursuit For a Reason

(Continued from Page One)emic symptoms are the indicatorsof the proportion that exists be-tween these two opposing ele-ments. Specific antibody is onlyproduced in consequence of stim-ulation of the reticulo-endothel-ial system by specific antigen.The antibody is specific for thechemical group that composes theantigen and none other. It is theantibody in excess that destroysthe antigen, consequently all thatwe can hope to do, which is allthat needs to be done ,is to in-crease the amount of specificantibodies in the serum. Thismust be done by bringing theproper amount of antigen fromthe infected area into contactwith the reticulo-endothelial tis-sue. This can only be accom-plished by facilitation of the ven-ous and lympathic return fromthe infected area and can neverbe attained with all the foreignproteins or nonspecific antigenicsubstances, or bacteriostatics thatcan ever be manufactured byour usually helpful pharmacologi-cal laboratories. Specific antigenresults in specific antibody forma-tion; and a patient that is ab-solutely immune to any quantityof sterile milk is just as easilykilled by specific antigen in ex-cess and will for all practicalpurposes be just as head as thoughhe never saw a drop of milk, ifspecific antibody formation doesnot result to obliterate antigenin the serum.

Antibody production is due toreticulo-endothelial tissue activityand can only be stimulated byantigen from the area of the in-fection. It is the antibody thatdestroys the antigen and the onlything that ever has or ever willdestroy specific antigen. This istrue in spite of all the intraven-ous mercurials and magic reddyes that ever have or ever willbe developed. Were this not true,the specie of homo sapiens wouldnever have existed long enoughto beguile themselves with theever attractive color of red.

What can be done, then, toinfluence the antigen antibody re-action? This influence is theultimate in therapeutics, every-thing else being incidental. Anti-gen produces the toxemic symp-toms that tell us of the presenceof infection. Antigen stimulatesSympathetic response. We mustbring antigen into contact withreticulo-endothelial tissue andmaintain a proper stimulation ofthat system as indicated by thegeneral symptoms of toxemia sothat the infectious process can beresponded to with sufficient forceto carry on to recovery in thesafest, shortest period of time.We remember that just as repairis a stage of inflammation, so re-covery is a phase of the infect-ions. People usually recover andit is our object to force the courseof the infectious process to arapid, normal termination. Whenthe toxemic symptoms demon-strate a decrease of antigen inthe serum, we must treat thepatient to increase antigen. Thisimplies an increase of venous and

lymphatic return from the areaof infection.

What factors control venousand lymphatic return normally?Muscle contraction and relaxa-tion facilitate return; alternateincrease and decrease of thenegative intra-thoracic and posi-tive intra-abdominal pressures byvirtue of diaphragmatic excurs-ion constitute the greatest singlefactors in maintenance of venousand lymphatic return.

Taking our clue from thesedefinite factors, we stimulatevenous and lymphatic return byincreasing the rapidity of oscil-lation in these positive and nega-tive pressures; by varying thepressure within the belly of andbeneath muscles by stretching,and relaxing the muscles of thesomatic area, elevation of the in-fected part if possible. No por-tion of the technique is trauma-tic. It does not destroy the con-tinuity of tissue. Its only attain-ment is that of its objective, thefacilitation of venous and lym-phatic return. As a general rule,therefore, the lymphatic pumpand other mechanical means ofincreasing venous and lymphaticreturn are specifically indicatedin any condition where we desirea greater venous and lympathicreturn.

Objections to the lympathicpump have been raised. It isthe only way to scientifically in-crease venous and lympathic re-turn, and in the instances of in-fection so by increase antigen ina serum. Still, it has been term-ed dangerous. Morphine in tengrain doses is dangerous, too, onewould imagine, and if no morediscretion is shown than that inthe application and the indica-tions for the lymphatic pump,you may expect a method potentenough to produce striking re-sults therapeutically when indi-cated, to be dangerous when notindicated or when applied incom-petently. If a physician appliesthe lymphatic pump forciblyenough to traumatize inflamma-tory process in the lung tissue, orlong and frequently enough todraw into the serum sufficientantigen to kill the patient, it isonly natural that results wouldbe undesirable. We treat empir-ically in our profession, also, pay-ing too slight attention to indi-cations and contra-indications.Hence it is only to be expectedthat a measure as effective as thelymphatic pump and other meth-ods of facilitating venous andlymphatic return would receivedetrimental credit for killing apatient or intoxicating a patienttoo much, when in reality thesemeasures were given at a stagein the infectious process whenthey were contra-indicated.

The technical procedure of thelymphatic or thoracic pump isvaried by different physicians un-der different conditions, but itsapplication on a patient with aninfection must not diverge farfrom the following outline. Indi-cation-when we desire a greaterintoxication.1. Stand or sit at the head of the

patient.2. Observe the extent or respira-

tory excursion of the patient.This must never be exceeded

under any circumstances orelse the treatment may betraumatic and in some condi-tions fatal in its effect.

3. The hands are placed lightlyupon the patient's chest anter-iorly with the thenar emin-ences about an inch below theclavicles, the fingers extendingtoward the abdomen.

4. Intermittent pressure is ap-plied to the thorax causing thediaphram to descend and as-cend rapidly, 120 complete os-cillations per minute.

5. Force is distributed equallyover the hands and fingers sothat no area is traumatized,particularly below the thenareminences, and the amount offorce used must not exceed therespiratory excursion used bythe patient previous to treat-ment.

6. Thoracic or lymphatic pump isapplied for 5 to 15 minutes, de-pending upon the symptoms oftoxemia present and may beapplied as often as each fourhours, if indicated.

7. Lymphatic pump should bediscontinued when the temper-ature reaches 101 degrees andthe other signs of toxemia inproportion, to avoid too greatintoxication to the patient.Within two hours the increase

in venous and lymphatic returnfollowing this treatment shouldinduct enough antigen to intoxi-cate the patient sufficiently thathe will return to the OptimumReaction Area.

-B. E. L.

Low Back Pain

(Continued From Page Three)relieved by the above methods orby manipulation, some sedativemay be used to make the patientcomfortable for the first fewdays.

The diet, in general, should berich in minerals, vitamins, highin fatty foods, but moderate inproteins and low -in carbohy-drates. It is of value to have thediet so regulated that the stoutperson loses weight and the thinindividual gains.

The general osteopathic treat-ment should be given to aid inthe increase of eliminationthrough the digestive, urinary,and respiratory tracts, andthrough the skin; and for thepurpose of stimulating the fight-ing forces of the body to increas-ed action thereby building up theresistance of the patient.

The correction of lesions by os-teopathic manipulation may re-lieve the acute pain becauseslight articular malrelations inthese cases may cause severepain which is immediately reliev-ed through the nomralization ofthese articular lesions. Many donot appreciate the fact that it isjust as important to correct ar-ticular malrelations occurring inarthritic spines as it is to nor-malize them in nonarthriticspines. However, a great deal ofthought should be given in theprescription of the osteopathictreatment for these cases andjust as much thought used inthe giving of the treatment.

-L. L. Facto

- __tO ' ~ ~ ~~~

X .-- . _ - ----

Entered as second classmatter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at DesMoines, Iowa, under theact of August 24th, 1912.

^ ----------------- < ~~~4 >:

LTHE ---B

LOG BOOK I

Accepted for mailing atspecial rates of postageprovided for in Section1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

, K&

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 APRIL 15, 1941 NUMBER 4

..I. .

POST GRAUATE REVIEW and CLINIC WEEKAll graduate members of the Osteopathic Profession are invited to join with us in six days of

study and clinical demonstration

MAY 26th to MAY 31st inclusive

Classes begin at 8:00 a. m. each day

No Tuition Charge Certificate of Attendance

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

MONDAY

Dr. R. B. Bachman

Obstetrics

Dr. A. D. Becker

Cardiology

Dr. L. L. Facto

DifferentialDiagnosis

Dr. J. P. Schwartz

SurgicalDiagnosis

Dr. Mary Golden

Pediatrics

Round Table on

Osteopathic

Technic

By Visiting

Physicians

and Dr. Laycock

TUESDAY

Dr. E. F. Leininger

Gynecology

Dr. B. E. Laycock

OsteopathicPrinciples

Dr. J. M. Woods

ExaminationOf the Lung

Dr. H. A. Graney

Fractures

Dr. B. L. Cash

Roentgenology

Proctological

Clinics

Dr. J. L.

Schwartz

Dr. Maloney

and Dr. Facto

WEDNESDAY

Dr. R. B. Bachman

Obstetrics

Dr. P. E. Kimberly

Applied Anatomy

Dr. L. L. Facto

Neurologic Clinic

Dr. J. P. Schwartz

SurgicalProblems

Dr. O. E. Owen

The CancerProblem

Round Table on

Osteopathic

Technic

By Visiting

Physicians

and Dr. Becker

THURSDAY

Dr. E. F. Leininger

Gynecology

Dr. B. E. Laycock

OsteopathicPrinciples

Dr. J. M. Woods

ExaminationOf the Lung

Dr. H. A. Graney

Prostate

Dr. H. J. Marshall

Ear, Nose andThroat

Proctological

Clinics

Dr. J. L.

Schwartz

Dr. Maloney

and Dr. Facto

FRIDAY

Dr. R. B. Bachman

Obstetrics

Dr. P. J. Maloney

Skin Diseases

Dr. P. E. Kimberly

Applied Anatomy

Dr. J. P. Schwartz

SurgicalDiagnosis

Dr. 0. E. Owen

Edema

Round Table on

Osteopathic

Technic

By Visiting

Physicians

and Dr. Woods

SATURDAY

Dr. E. F. Leininger

Gynecology

Dr. B. E. Laycock

OsteopathicPrinciples

Dr. 0. E. Owen

BloodChemistry

Dr. H. A. Graney

SurgicalProblems

Program subjectI .,'I

to change

as necessity

may

indicate

Register

promptly

at the office

on arrival

Banquet Thursday evening at 7:00 P. M._______________;

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8

A. M.

9

A. M.

10

A. M.

11

A. M.

2

P. M.

3

to

5

P. M.

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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ . -- ------off -- - -W. Now"Mr-W -F _ O-- § -o§ - _____W__UUM - I _ _ ____.__ V '

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THE LOG BOOK

N. 0. .C.This office is just a little too

busy this month to write much.The final project (we hope) forthe Council is well on the roadto a successful completion. Thruthe 100% cooperation of themembership of the Council moneywas subscribed to place over4,500 Year Books in an equalnumber of college fraternities.This might be classed as publicitybut was done to insure us againstpossible neglect by some readersof three other listings of ourmembership. We sincerely hopethat the book will 'add to theeducation of our college studentsso that they will know what theword Osteopathy means whenthey hear it and that it will alsoexcite their curiosity to the pointof making some personal inquer-ies. Time will tell whether ornot we have been wise or foolishin this.

This office wishes to commendthe officers of our fraternitiesand sororities for their fine sup-port and encouragement. Verylittle time has been lost by de-lays within our own organization.The use of half-tones by outsidepublications has delayed not onlythe printing of our Year Bookbut also considerable work ontwo or three college annuals.Even as we write this we areshort some half-tones that areholding up one form of the book-let.

With the funds limited we can-not send this booklet to the en-tire profession and this is to beregretted for we feel sure thatall of you would like to see ourorganizations in the form inwhich they will be presented toour college fraternities. We aresorry that no extra copies will beavailable.

J. Paul Leonard, Pres.H. V. Halladay, Exc.-Secy.

0TEIota Tau Sigma actives and

pledges are beginning to converttheir climatic inspirations fromwinter to the good old spring.Seems rather nice to now ap-proach the campus daily withoutthe slippery ice. Although laugh-ter often intervened to see cer-tin ones go flip flop, around andaround before entering the doorof knowledge each and everymorning. The supposed thoughtsare that we can now come inwith the tide each morning dur-ing the energetic April showers.

March the 12th a pledge ban-quet was held at the Grivaro Ital-ian Gardens. The main speakerof the evening was Dr. Bennie H.Devine. His subject titled "TheThree Major Qualities of a GoodPhysician." Each and everyone,I am assured obtained somethoughts for silent thinking inorder to ever classify themselvesas a doctor. The new men thatwere pledged are as follows:Luka, Shafer, Schultz, Gaudet,Blohm, Gustofson, Des Lauriersand Belden. We are happy asactives of the Iota Tau Sigma tohave such a fine group of mem-bers pledged into our chapter.

Monday, March 31st, a businessmeeting was held at the TaylorClinic for pledges and actives.Several business transactions werebrought before the platform. Avote by majority includingpledges, decided that the presentcapacity as President, and here-after would be presented with anemblem. It was also decided thata movie picture would be shownat the next meeting, based uponan educational factor.

H. G. H.

UvBowling seems to be one of

our main interests. If we beatthe non-frats, there will be athree way tie for first place.Here's hoping.

Mrs. Byron Laycock entertain-ed the girls with chicken dinnerMarch 2nd. No one can imaginewhat you've missed, with theDoctor playing chef and headwaiter.

The assembly by the girls givenApril 4th seemed to go over bigwith the boys. Never did I be-lieve so many students would at-tend any one assembly. Thanksso much for your spontanious re-action.

M. W.

ATLAS CL2The most important event dur-

ing the past month has been theinitiation of five new membersof this fraternity. The ceremon-ies began on March 18, terminat-ing on Sunday, March 23 withformal initiation and a specialAtlas Dinner in the afternoon.The new men, honored at thattime, and whom we are proud towelcome, are Mike Corrigan,Jerry Dierdorff, Bob Patton, VernStoner, and Karl Waterbury. Wewere also glad to have a shortvisit from Dr. L. C. Boatman, ofSante Fe, New Mexico, who drop-ped in on Saturday, March 22 toassist in part of the initiationproceedings. We appreciate theinterest and co-operation of thegraduates and alumnae who soreadily offer to further our ef-forts in any way possible.

On March 10, we were visitedby Dr. R. B. Kale, of Des Moines,who gave us an excellent demon-stration and informal talk onvarious methods of OsteopathicTechnique. On March 18 ourPractical Work nights continuedwith Dr. O. E. Owen, of the col-lege, offering us many helpfulsuggestions with regard to ex-amination procedures.

Most (?) of us were very sur-prised to learn only recently ofthe marriage of Bud Brail, oneof our Seniors; the event havingtaken place in the early part ofJanuary. Congratulations to youDoc, and also to one or two otherclub members of whom we areslightly suspicious,-but, nuff sed!

G. L. E. Stylus.

AarWe were pleasantly surprised

to have as a visitor, Dr. MartinFriedenberg. "Marty," fresh fromthe plains of Kansas, where he

is interning (Garden City), gaveus a few interesting thoughts on"Internships." "Marty" also in-formed us of the latest surgicalprocedures and explained twosurgical films. These movieswere an Appendectomy and aHemorrhoidectomy. This com-pleted the educational part of ourbi-weekly meeting-made muchmore enjoyable through BrotherFriedenberg's presence.

Several of the boys are plan-ning homeward journeys over theEaster Holiday vacation. Throughthem we extend greetings to ouralumnae in their respective cities.

We would like to take this op-portunity to extend to everyonethe best of greetings on theEaster Holiday. May good cheerand happiness be the order of theday. There is nothing like thegood, old-fashioned holiday spiritto bolster the feeling of brother-hood.

L. R.

DESERT-ATIONSThe desert has always been

beautiful to me even in its manyshades of brown to the exclusionof the more brilliant colors butthis year it wears regal raiment.I took a drive the other day tosee miles and miles of poppiesand many other flowers that Icould not name. The old Indianssay that the flowers were neveras profuse as this year and allbecause of an exceptional rainyseason. The cacti are also inbloom and many have taken onsuch a quantity of water thatthey are bursting. That maysound just a little fishy but it istrue. I visited the Saguara For-est and found many of the plantsthat stand 30 to 40 feet high withlongitudinal splits that extendedfor several feet. Small cacti thatusually are easily seen are hiddenby the dense growth of the gam-ma grasses and cattle-men areelated over the prospect of plentyof grazing land this season. Thedesert dwellers are all happy.But-of course-there is a moralto this story and it is a shame tospoil the picture by what mustfollow.

The desert is only a desert be-cause of a very necessary factorin growth and development. Theearth contains all of the elementsneeded for plant life but dependson the sky for the one thing thatlife depends upon more than anything else. Water is the ingredi-ant that is usually short.

We as a profession lack the wa-ter necessary for our more rapidgrowth and development. If wehad it in sufficient quantities wewould be attracting the "O's" and"Ah's' that out here express oursurprise at the beauty of ourcountry.

It is more gratifying to methan I can express, that my littlegroup of fraternities have recent-ly watered a project that we feelsure will bloom and producefruit. It has taken considerablesacrifice on the part of some ofour membership but they haveworked hard and we will see re-sults. We hope to produce a finecrop of new students and if not

so many students this year, wewill select the seed and plantagain next year and with properirrigation we will enjoy a bettercrop.

It would make us all happy tohave a little water fall on ourplans for endowments and moneygifts for immediate use of ourcolleges. We would be elated toknow that the element of sup-port was augmented in favor ofour P. &. P. W. and other neededdivisions of our protective andresearch projects.

Like the desert we have thetalent, we have the inspirationand we have every reason towant to go forward but we doneed the one element that willenable us to do all of thesethings. Our science is basedupon natural laws and it is notdifficult for us to turn to Natureto see how these work either forthe individual or the group. With-out all of the factors necessaryfor growth and reproduction aspecies dies and leaves only a fewremnants of its existance. Weare anxious for our science togrow, to blossom and producefruit. If we take the time tofind the deficiency and then sup-ply it we will see the results justas I have seen the desert thisyear "arrayed in all its glory."

H. V. H.

HONORED GUESTDes Moines Still College of Os-

teopathy was honored on April10th by the visit of Dr. W. Bal-lentine Henley of the College ofOsteopathic Physicians and Sur-geons, Los Angeles, California. Aspecial general assembly was heldto give Dr. Henley an opportun-ity to talk to the entire studentbody. He spoke on "ConstructivePrograms in Osteopathic Develop-ment."

During the day Dr. Henley wasoccupied with attending classesand laboratories throughout thecollege building. He was theguest of Dr. Robert B. Bachmanat the noon meeting of the Ro-tary Club.

At 6:30 the same evening Dr.Henley was the guest of the PolkCounty Osteopathic Association ata dinner meeting held at theKirkwood Hotel. Invitations weresent to osteopathic physicians inthe nearby Des Moines territory.On this occasion Dr. Henley spoketo a large and interested gather-ing. Many of the osteopathicphysicians attending broughttheir wives and other guests. Dr.and Mrs. J. S. Denslow of Kirks-ville, Missouri, attended this eve-ning meeting as guests of Dr.Arthur D. Becker, President ofthe college.

Des Moines Still College of Os-teopathy, as well as the local pro-fession, was distinctly honored inthis visit of Dr. Henley. His stopin Des Moines was made possibleas a part of an itinerary whichtook him from California to NewYork City; and return. It washis pleasure to visit all of theaccredited - osteopathic collegeswith the view of further cement-ing the fine spirit of cooperation

(Continued on Page Four)

_C____II I I

THE LOG BOOK

7k T n and necessary adaptations shouldoccur ideally without undueIhe Lo Boo0 stress, and readily and effectivelywithout abnormal localization in

The Official Publication of tension stresses. Many of theDES MOINES STILL COLLEGE discomforts associated with preg-

OF OSTEOPATHY nancy are due to the fact thatbecause of osteopathic spinal and

Editor ............. Arthur D. Becker rib lesions these necessary adapt-ations in posture are made at the

Co-editor .R.......... 0. Drews expense of localizd stress ten-Co-editor R. . Drewssions. Toxic crises of various

kinds occur. Excessive morningOsteopathy Without Limitation nausea and vomiting, headaches,

vertigo, constipation and pelvicweight and distress in many cases

Osteopathic Therapeutics are due to abnormal localizationof spinal stresses.

It becomes the province of theOBSTETRICS osteopathic physician, then, inPrenatal Care these cases during the period of

gestation to secure and maintain(Number 27 in Series) normal mobility of spinal and

In order to define the scope of pelvic articulations. It has comethese discussions regarding ob- to be the belief of many womenstetrical practice, it seems wise to that discomfort, disability andindicate a number of items not distress are a necessary part ofincluded in our considerations. the gestation period. This is em-It is, and has been, the purpose phatically not true. The periodof these thumbnail sketches in of gestation should be one ofOsteopathic Therapeutics to keep abounding good health. The ges-them brief, to avoid general and tation period is normal physi-controversial discussions and to ology, not pathology.pass over rather quickly those rou- Again, let me say that it is atine procedures in treatment and matter of securing normal pelvic,care more or less common to all spinal and rib articulation andschools of practice. It has been mobility so that the expectantparticularly the object in these mother may make easily, readilybrief articles to emphasize the and effectively the logical andparticular and peculiar contribu- necessary adaptations in posturetion made by osteopathy in the to a constantly shifting center ofcases under discussion. gravity.

In these articles on obstetrical (To Be Continued)practice we purposely leave out A. D. B., D. O.many routine procedures such aspelvimetry, blood pressure read- STAR ASSEMBLYings, urinalysis, blood tests, diets, TA ASSEaseptic and antiseptic technic atthe time of delivery, indications Items concerning the collegeand contraindications for inter- assemblies held each Fridayfering with the normal course of morning have of necessity beenpregnancy and labor, surgical re- omitted because of lack of spacepairs and many other matters,each one important in itself.Rather, it is the purpose to dis-cuss as briefly as is consistentsome of the procedures in whichosteopathy has made a distinctand worthwhile contribution.

The matter that appeals to mefirst in consideration of prenatalcare in pregnancy cases is oneconcerning posture. As the ute-rus grows with the developmentof the fetus the expectant mothermakes some rather remarkableadaptations in posture. As theabdomen enlarges there is a con-stant and continued shifting ofthe center of gravity. There isincreased inclination of the pelvicgirdle and an accentuation of thelumbar curve with compensatingadaptations (accentuations) inthe dorsal curve and the cervicalcurve. The entire spine makesadaptation in anteroposterior cur-ves to this constantly changingcenter of gravity. In the latemonths of pregnancy even thegait is altered as the patientwalks with a somewhat broaderbase.

It is to be noted that many ofthe articular facets in the lumbarspine become weight-bearingstructures late in pregnancy.Muscular pull on both the dorsaland lumbar spine becomes alteredmaterially late in pregnancy.These are normal occurrences

in our Log Book. It might beinteresting for our readers toknow that these assemblies havebeen held regularly throughoutthe fall and winter and for themost part have been not only in-teresting but valuable contribu-tions to the work of the college.The college orchestra, whilestarting out in the fall ratherinsufficient in numbers, has grad-ually been augmented and withcontinued practice and associa-tion has been turning out somevery creditable opening and clos-ing numbers for each assemblyperiod. The entire student bodyenjoys and appreciates their ef-forts under the guidance ofmaestro Phil Reames.

It would be an error not tomake special mention of the en-tertainment put on in the assem-bly period of Friday, April 4, bythe Delta Omega Sorority. Theyoung ladies of this organizationproduced a skit called "The Ghostof the Freshman" which waswitty, clever and highly enter-taining. One could almost be-lieve that it was produced byprofessionals. The stage settingswere in many ways the mostcomplete and the most effectivein the history of our assembliesover a period of years. The en-tire student body with manyguests thoroughly enjoyed theproduction. As can well be im-

CONVENTION?

The spring and early summeris a busy time, indeed, for pro-fessional groups ,as well as forindividuals. Many state associa-tions have their annual conven-tion in the spring, postgraduatecourses are presented in a num-ber of the various educational in-stitutions and the annual conven-tion of the American OsteopathicAssociation may be said to serveas the climax of these variousand most important professionalactivities.

The day has long passed whenit was possible for individualphysicians to isolate themselvesand gradually descend into thevegetating class. The heavy de-mands made upon the modernphysician and surgeon requirethat he not only be well preparedprimarily but that he shall con-stantly take advantage of themany opportunities presented tokeep abreast and alert to the ad-vances made in the healing arts.Many state osteopathic groupshave included a requirement ofpostgraduate work as a necessarypart of reregistration, and it isanticipated that others will fol-low this excellent procedure. Os-teopathic groups are to be con-gratulated upon their foresight-edness in such a requirement.

On the first page of this issueof the Log Book is presented aschedule for our week of Post-graduate Review and Clinic. Itis available, without tuitioncharge, for graduate osteopathicphysicians and surgeons. We an-ticipate an even larger groupthan the excellent representationof previous years. If posible, Iwould like to stimulate every os-teopathic physician and surgeonto attend his state convention, toattend a postgraduate course, andby all means to plan for the prizeof them all-the meeting of theAmerican Osteopathic Associationin annual convention at AtlanticCity, June 23-27.

A. D. B., D. O.

Pursuit For a Reason

(Continued From Last Issue)Antigen-Antibody Reaction

We have considered one basicform of treatment to increase theamount of antigen in the serumto increase the reaction of thepatient. Other types of treatmentare used also, but the lymphaticpump has been poorly understoodand too infrequently used, conse-quently it is stressed here.

In the course of an infectioustoxemia there occurs periods oftoo great a concentration of anti-genic substances in the serum.With antigen in excess in theserum, the toxemic symptomsshow a pulse, temperature, etc.,that are too high for safety. Withmore intense toxemia, tempera-

(Continued on Page Four)

agined, this fine presentation musthave been the result of a greatdeal of work and planning on thepart of those presenting it. Ourhats are off to Delta Omega fora four-star assembly period!

LOW BACK PAIN

(Continued From Last Issue)The preceding article brought

us to the discussion of tubercu-losis of the spine. This paperwill deal with a brief discussionof tuberculosis, cancer, fractureof the spine, myositis and reflexpain of the lower back.

Tuberculosis of the spine is al-ways secondary to tuberculosissomewhere else in the body. Weshould keep in mind that the on-set of this condition may be as-sociated with trauma whichmight erroneously lead us to be-lieve that it is merely an osteo-pathic lesion or subluxation ofthe vertebral or sacroiliac arti-culations.

However, tuberculosis of thespine is most common in childrenbetween the ages of three andfive and usually the premonitorysymptoms of loss of weight,weakness and fatigue are presentbefore the localized symptomsappear.

Muscular rigidity, pain, nightcries and angular deformity aretypical of the localized lesion.The patient walks slowly andcarefully with the body heldrigid, avoiding any sudden jarsor quick movements, and in pick-ing things off the floor he willbend the knees and hold the spinein the vertical position. The gaitbecomes more difficult if the di-sease spreads to include the spin-al cord and spinal nerves.

Other infections such as gon-orrhea, syphilis, and pyogenic in-fections may also involve thespine at times. We should alsoremember that severe low backpain occurs in some of the acuteinfectious diseases, particularly,in small pox, influenza, and septicsore throat.

Cancer of the spine occursmore frequently than we some-times think. It is secondary toprimary carcinoma in other tis-sues. It should be thought of ifthe patient has pain that is notrelieved by the ordinary methodsof treatment; and especially inthose cases in which there is ahistory of an operation on thebreast, or prostate gland; but itmay follow primary carcinoma ofthe stomach, colon, uterus, oreven the thyroid gland. Most ofthese malignant metastases de-velop in the lower part of thespine but now and then they arefound in the dorsal or cervicalregion. Sarcoma of the bonemay occasionally be found in thelower spine and pelvic bones. Itshould be thought of along withtuberculosis in children complain-ing of backache. Here a historyof trauma may make you feelthat you are dealing with a trau-matic condition when the traumais only incidental. However,there seems to be evidence thattrauma is an exciting factor insome cases.

Fractures of spinous and trans-verse processes, of pedicles, orcompression fractures of thebodies of vertebrae, are becom-ing more common due to the in-crease in automobile accidents.Injury or disease of the spinal

(Continued on Page Four)

I ;

THE LOG BOOK

Forty-Third Annual Convention

The Iowa Society of Osteo-pathic Physicians and Surgeonswill hold its Forty-Third AnnualConvention at Hotel Savery, DesMoines, on May 7 and 8.

Doctor S. H. Klein, ConventionProgram Chairman, reports thathe has completed arrangementsfor speakers who will address thegeneral convention. The follow-ing well-known osteopathic phy-sicians are on the program:

F. J. Trenery, D. 0., radiolo-gist, Los Angeles, California.

Anton Kani, D. O., Omaha, Ne-braska.

J. P. Schwartz, D. O., Head ofDepartment of Surgery and Deanof Des Moines Still College ofOsteopathy.

W. J. Huls, D. O., Davenport.O. Edwin Owen, D. O., Depart-

ment of Pathology, Des MoinesStill College of Osteopathy.

E. J. Leininger, D. O., Depart-ment of Obstetrics and Gynecol-ogy, Des Moines Still College ofOsteopathy.

Ray G. Hulburt, D. O., Editor,American Osteopathic Associa-tion, Chicago, Illinois.

In addition, the following fac-ulty members of the Des MoinesStill College of Osteopathy willconduct a "Symposium of Tech-nic": A. D. Becker, D. O.; L. L.Facto, D. O.; B. E. Laycock, D.O., and J. M. Woods, D. O.

Pre Marital LawThe pre marital bill became the

law of the State on Wednesday,April 9, 1941. All marriage lic-enses issued thereafter must be incompliance wltn tnis law whichmakes a certificate of freedomof both bride and bridegroomfrom communicable syphilis aprerequisite to the issuance of amarriage license.

It is estimated that approxi-mately 200 samples of blood willbe drawn daily in compliancewith the new law and sent tothe university hospital which isat present the only testing agen-cy approved by the state depart-ment of health for this work.

Dr. R. M. Sorenson, Directorof the Iowa state health depart-ment maternal health division,has advised that all samples re-ceived by the department will bemailed out to the university hos-pital the same day and should bereturned to the physician withina period of three days.

Osteopathic physicians are rec-ognized under the state law aseligible to participate in this pub-lic health program, and will re-ceive complete and detailed in-structions from the state depart-ment of health pertaining to themanner and method of compli-ance with the law.

Applications for MembershipA. G. Shook, D. 0., Seymour.D. H. Wire, D. 0., Corydon.Lester J. Swift, Monticello.Dwight S. James. Sec.-Treas.

Pursuit For a Reason(Continued from Page 3)

ture and pulse may drop rapidlyin amount or volume. The pulsemay be thready or. too rapid tocount. Signs of shock appear andevidence of extreme acidosis ispresent. All these findings dem-onstrate an excess of antigen.The only possible factor that willsave the patient is a rapid in-crease in the defensive and offen-sive powers of the serum and aidto reticulo-endothelial tissue ac-tivity. The spleen and liver arethe most accessible organs tocompression manually and thespleen contains more reticulo-en-dothelial tissue than the rest ofthe body, hence when the patientis not producing enough antibodyand the antigen is in excess, weresort to an emergency measureand stimulate the reticulo-endoth-elial system through the spleenand sometimes the liver. Ribsare raised to facilitate circulationto and return from the hemato-poetic and reticulo-endothelial tis-sue there. The thyroid gland ismanipulated directly to produceand liberate more thyroxin whichseems to act as opsonin and alsoraise the metabolic rate, whenthe temperature is below the de-gree that should be present atthe particular stage in the courseof the infectious process.

The amount of tnigen andsymptoms of toxemia which itproduces are the criteria of ourmeasures, therefore. Low antigenobsorption, few or slight symp-toms of toxemia indicate the nec-essity for an increase in venousand lymphatic return from theinfected area. High antigen andevidence of extreme toxicity indi-cate an emergency measure toincrease antibody and reticulo-endothelial tissue activity.

Having defined the indicationsfor increasing antibody and reti-culo-endothelial tissue activity, itmay be well to survey a summaryof the laboratory data derivedfrom patients that were givensplenic stimulation as the onlytreatment for determining thealteration in the blood and serum.

Treating acute toxemia due toan infectious process requiresthe use of a number of methodsand substances in addition tomanual splenic stimulation, butsince these are covered exten-sively elsewhere we will describebelow only the technic and effectof splenic stimulation.

Indications. When the sign oftoxemia become higher than theOptimum Reaction Area (101-104 degrees)

Technique.1. Stand or sit to the pa-

tient's right and place yourright hand under the lowertwo left ribs and pull upwards.

2. Your left hand should beplaced along the anterior chestwall parallel to the costal cart-ilage. No part of the handshould extend over the end ofthe ribs onto the abdominalwall.

3. Slow compressive force isapplied over the spleen withthe left hand, while the righthand pulls upward to keep the

spleen from slipping from un-der the left hand. A comfort-able degree of force is appliedand then the left hand is sud-denly withdrawn. The proced-ure is then repeated.

4. Rate-15 compressions andsudden relaxations per minute-for two minutes.

5. Frequency. May be re-peated each four hours untilthe signs of toxemia fall to theOptimum Reaction Area.The laboratory technique for

determining the effect of splenicstimulation is given below.

The technique is as follows: Aspecimen of blood is taken, thenthe treatment consisting of thirtymanual compressions of thespleen in two minutes; one halfhour after this a second specimenof blood is taken, and one and ahalf hours later, the final speci-men is taken.

In a series of two hundredcases of patients who were ac-utely ill, the following averagesresulted. In 80% of cases thereresulted an increase in leukocy-tes, the average number being2,200 pr cubic millimeter. WithArneth's index determinationthere was a shift to right on80% of cases. There resulted adecrease of 600,000 erythrocytesper cubic millimeter in 76%. Thereticulocytes were increased in80%. The opsonic index was in-95% of cases. The serum agglu-tinins were increased in 80% ofcases. The bacteriolysins wereincreased in 90% of cases.Bibliography:

A. T. Still, Research and Prac-tice.

Sir Berkley Moynihan, "Thespleen and some of its diseases."

Castlio, "Principles of Osteo-pathy."

Howell Physiology.Boyd's Pathology.Downing, "Osteopathic Princi-

ples in Disease."Sajous.Cyclopedia of Medicine-Pier-

sol.Results of Splenic Stimulation-

Castlio.Pottenger "Symptoms of Vis-

ceral Disease."Aschoff, "Lectures on Path-

ology."Moynihan, in "American Ad-

dresses."George Crile, "Problems in

Surgery."Byron E. Laycock, D. O.

Low Back Pain

(Continued From Page Three)cord and meninges; tumors ofthe cord, meninges, and caudaequina; and hemorrhage, myeli-tis, tabes dorsalis, and radiculitisare conditions that cause severepain in some cases.

Then there are those cases inwhich the pain in the lower backis coming from outside the spinalcolumn. It may be from themuscles, fasciae, nerves, or fromthe pelvic and abdominal viscera.The muscles and fasciae in thelower back are on a constantstrain which makes them moresusceptible to toxic reactions.Chrrnic infection.s nar fctonrs. in

backache as they cause irritationto the fibrous tissues as well asthe muscles and produce hyper-trophy and hyperplastic changeswith resulting chronic congestionand fibrotic contracture of themuscles. These muscles are nolonger capable of functioning nor-mally so that strain and fatiguethat ordinarily would not causeany discomfort is now followedby marked pain.

Back pain occurs at times fromreflexes coming from disease inthe pelvis or lower abdomen;rarely, it may come from the up-per abdominal region. Disease ofthe prostate gland and seminalvesicles in the male and from thereproductive organs in the femaleare found most frequently.Strange as it may seem, diseaseof the kidneys does not oftenproduce reflex pain in the lowerback.

The diagnosis of tuberculosisand other infections of the spine,cancer, and fractures are usuallymade by the history of the caseand the use of the X-ray. Whenthere are symptoms of cord in-volvement a thorough neurologi-cal examination should be made.Myositis and myofasciitis usuallyaffects all of the muscles in thelower back and is frequently abilateral condition coming oneither gradually or acutely. Re-flex pain producing backache isusually associated with othersymptoms indicating the organcausing the trouble.

The treatment for tuberculosisand fractures of the spine con-sists of general measures forbuilding up increased resistanceand the use of proper casts andbraces. Palliative measures torelieve pain and make the patientmore comfortable are the mainpoints in the treatment of cancerof the spine; this includes X-ray.The treatment of myositis is rest,the use of heat, and osteopathicmanipulation for the purpose ofnormalizing the articular struc-tures and to free the circulationin the congested areas. It is im-portant in these cases to treatthe upper spine to normalize sec-ondary strain and stress areasthat have followed the primarycondition in the lower back. Re-flex pain is removed by relievingthe cause. This is not alwayseasy to do but some cases arerelieved by treating any ulcerat-ed condition of the gastrointesti-nal tract, by normalizing a re-troverted or retrocessed uterus;by relieving an irritation in thebladder; by massage of a con-gested prostate gland or throughthe correction of abnormal con-ditions in the rectum and theanal canal.

L. L. Facto

Honored Guest(Continued From Page Two)

and unity existing in our osteo-pathic educational institutions. Itis to be hoped that the occasionwill offer again in the not-too-distant future for a repetition ofthis delightful visit.

I mI I

3. O. (O P. O.<4 > . - -Z-11W

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THE

LOG BOOKAccepted for mailing at

special rates of postageprovided for in Section1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

4

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOI NES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 MAY 15, 1941 NUMBER 5

LOW BACK PAIN(Continued From Last Issue)This article deals with abnor-

mal feet and poor posture ascauses of backache. While thereis more or less overlapping whenthese conditions are discussed se-parately, it is done for the pur-pose of placing a little more em-phasis on abnormal feet as acontributory factor in low backpain.

There is every reason to be-lieve that backache from mal-functioning feet is not uncom-mon. In these cases there ismuscle strain in the lower backand often associated sacroiliacand lumbosacral lesions. Foottrouble may be caused by anyone or combination of severalconditions. The anatomical shortleg, flat foot, over flexible arch,and eversion and pronation of thefoot are the most frequent. Wehave not in the past given enoughattention to the feet in the discus-sion of structural malrelations ofthe body, and even now, many ofus do not examine the feet in themaking of a routine physical ex-amination.

It is very difficult at times todecide whether the low back painis coming from lesions primarilyat the sacroiliac or lumbosacralareas, or whether the strain hereis due to malfunctioning struc-tures in the feet and legs.

The feet and legs should beexamined for tenderness, limitedmotion, and contracted muscles,in both the sitting and standingpositions, and then by the use ofany suitable technic normalizethe feet and ankles before pro-ceeding to the knee, hip joint,and the lower back. Most doc-tors would agree that the correc-tion of lumbosacral and sacroiliaclesions will not stay permanentlycorrected in those cases in whichthere is unbalanced posture fromabnormal foot function. There-fore, it becomes necessary tonormalize the feet first and thentreatment of the sacroiliac andlumbosacral regions will be ef-fective. In case of the anatomi-cal short leg the placing of a padin the shoe or building up theheel on the short side, or lower-ing the height of the heel on thelong side for the purpose ofequalizing the pelvis and lowerback will work wonders in somecases.

Poor PostureWe are here interested with

the influence of poor posture asa cause in the production of lowback pain and not in this par-ticular discussion specifically con-cerned with the effects that it

(Continued on Page 3)

OSTEOPATHY-An Opportunityj~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The outstanding problem before high type of service supplied byalert and intelligent young men osteopathic physicians. It is nec-and women today is to find their essary and indicated that weconstructive place in the social make every effort to meet thisscheme of things. They want to problem.find a place where they can really The training of a modern phy-serve and where they can have sician is an exacting one. It de-the opportunity for development. mands much of those who wouldThey want to become useful and qualify. It will require the bestworthwhile citizens in a world of efforts of those who would seekchanging values. this particular avenue of expres-

There are thousands, and it is sion of their own inherent urgecorrect to say even tens of thous- to fill a real place in the world.ands, of young people with two or On the other hand, requiringmore years of college training much, it offers much. It offerswho are earnestly seeking to find an opportunity of service secondsome avenue that demands the to none; it offers the inner-satis-things which they have to offer, faction which comes only to thoseand that in return will secure for who have much to give, andthem an important part in the along humanitarian lines.activities in the present period of The next class enrolls in Sep-economic and sociologic values. tember. Classwork begins on

We believe Osteopathy, as a September 9th. The entrance pre-science and as a profession, de- requisite is two years of liberalserves the careful consideration arts and science, without subjectand investigation of those quali- designation, in an accredited col-fled young men and women to lege or university.whom the work of a physician We would be glad to have a linehas an appeal. Most professions from anyone interested, tellingtoday are either crowded or over- of plans as they have been formu-crowded, and Osteopathy stands lated, and as to the progress madeunique among opportunities as one in crystallizing them. If you areprofession which is not crowded. interested, we want you to knowThere is a wide-spread demand how deeply we here in Des Moinesfor competent, well-trained osteo- Still College of Osteopathy arepathic physicians and surgeons. also interested in assisting you inThe public is becoming increas- the fulfillment of your ambitions.ingly informed and aware of the -A. D. B., D. O.

Faculty ActivitiesMembers of the faculty of Des

Moines Still College of Osteo-pathy have been more than busyduring the past few weeks inmaking their various contribu-tions to convention programs in anumber of states. A technic teamcomposed of Dr. B. E. Laycock,Dr. L. L. Facto, Dr. J. M. Woodsand Dr. A. D. Becker put on asymposium on Osteopathic Tech-nic at the Illinois State Osteo-pathic Convention held in Peoriaon May 5 and 6, and again at theIowa State Osteopathic Conven-tion held in Des Moines on May7 and 8. If the apparent interestand many favorable comments re-garding these presentations in os-teopathic technic can be taken asevidence of its value and of theappreciation of those attending,then the work of this team hasbeen liberally repaid.

Dr. B. E. Laycock and Dr. A.D. Becker gave papers on theprogram at the Children HealthConference at Kansas City onApril 24 and 25. Dr. Laycock

(Continued on Page Three)

Graduating ClassThe month of May, 1941 is in-

deed an important month for thegraduating seniors in Des MoinesStill College of Osteopathy. Inmany ways it is equally import-ant for the college. It meansmuch to any educational institu-tion to send out a large, represen-tative and well-qualified group ofgraduates.

The present graduating class inmany ways has made a fine rec-ord. Out of fifty eligible to takethe comprehensive qualifying ex-amination covering the entirefour years of the professionalcourse forty-nine passed and willreceive their degrees on Fridayevening, May 23, at St. JohnsLutheran Church. Dr. John OwenGross, President of Simpson Col-lege at Indianola, Iowa has beensecured to give the Commence-ment Address.

Graduating festivities beginwith senior assembly on Friday,May 16. On Monday evening,May 19, the senior banquet willbe held in Younker's beautiful

(Continued on Page Four)

Pursuit For a ReasonWe will now revert to the De-

cember issue for the continuityof this and subsequent articles ofthis paper. January interruptedus with the "Reticuloendothelialsystem" and we were concernedwith it for the past four issuesof the Log Book. A coverage ofthis system seemed desirable be-fore the termination of the col-lege year.

As physicians, we spend ourlives in Pursuit Of a Reason; thereason for a disease, the reasonfor a symptom's presence or ab-sence, the reason for a therapeu-tic modality, the reason for a suc-cessful termination to a disease,the reason for a fatal end. Wehave as serious a responsibility asprovidence ever places in humanhands, directing a patient, at thedazzling speed with which infec-tion or trauma takes place, thruthe maze of conflict from whichthe patient usually emerges com-pletely or partly victorious. Al-ways some will fail, and it istoward that group that we in-cessantly strive to aid in a moreeffective way in the future thanhas been possible in the past.Our success in this pursuit in thefuture will be directly proportion-al to our gain in scientific facts,and that means, more than inany other single thing, a broaderknowledge of vegetative anatomy,physiology and the reflexes aris-ing incident to disease and theprocesses by which protoplasmcounteracts its own infections.

It has been said, by those whoshould know better than to com-plain of it if true, that Osteo-pathy is losing much of its so-called religious zeal. Some evencondemn the colleges for this andmake obviously futile attempts toinstill that chimerical spirit intoour students. They were edu-cated in the calomel and quininedays of the ordinary medicalschool when there was not theever-increasing stress and instruc-tion placed upon manipulationand body mechanics as there istoday in all the schools of ortho-dox allopathic medicine. Everypound of fanatical, empirical re-ligious zeal that is exchanged togain a pound or an ounce of trueenthusiasm for the pure scienceof Osteopathy will find us all apound or an ounce advanced. Os-teopathic science is too practicaland if misapplied too deadly, andin the same degree that it is al-most miraculously and specific-ally beneficial when accuratelyapplied for it to be merely ar-dently administered. Osteopathictreatment must be accurately

(Continued on Page Four)

Entered as second classmatter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at DesMoines, Iowa, under theact of August 24th, 1912.

4

0 �� A1\

I

THE LOG BOOK

N. . I. C.With the Year Book in the

mail all we have to do now is tofigure out how we came outfinancially. We hope that this isthe end of the planned projectsfor the Council for the year. Ithas been a pleasure to work withthe 40 chapters and their officersboth subordinate and grand andthe results we hope will warrantanother better and bigger YearBook next season.

It is only a short time until theA. O. A. Convention in AtlanticCity. We have written for ac-commodations for our luncheon.At this writing we do not havethe definite dining room where itwill be held. BUT-we do knowthat it will be June 23 at no-onso keep that open for an officialnotification a little later.

J. Paul Leonard, Pres.H. V. Halladay, Exc.-Secy.

Much activity has taken placearound the house this last month.Especially the gray hairs theSeniors have acquired duringqualifyings.

'The recreation room has beencompletely remodeled, includinga new plastering and paint job.We wish to commend the fellowsthat have given their spirit andhelp in securing this remodelingjob.

The new members that wereinitiated into the fraternity dur-ing the last, and incidently thefiftieth initiation in the historyof this chapter, are, E. Sperry, E.Sheldahl, M. Hodson and D.Frantz.

The Silver Anniversary Danceheld May the Third at the chap-ter house, was a big success. Thecommittee, headed by Ozzie Neil-son, are at this time voted thethanks of the other members fortheir diligent work in makingthis affair such a success.

The Senior Banquet is beingheld May 15th, at the VikingCafe. "Watcha' say," we give thegraduating members a big send-off. The Senior members are, H.Taggart, R. Sowers, J. Yagoobian,T. Koenig, H. Morey, R. Woods,L. Gatien, H. Plautz, J. Edger-ton, K. Fowler, O. Neilson andC. Henkel.

The following men were electedas officers for the coming semes-ter: Archon, T. Deegan; Sub-Archon, J. Mills; Pronatarius, D.Frantz; Crusophulax, G. Deer;Exastase, W. Rodgers; Phulax,E. Sperry.

With the present school yearjust about at a close, let's hope

ATLAS CLTo the graduating seniors of

the fraternity the undergraduatesoffer congratulations and the bestof luck The Atlas Club memberswho are in the class of May, '41include the following: RobertBerger, Max Bergau, James Clap-perton, Laurel Deitrick, RobertDrews, Claire Howe, Tom Hewet-son, Dick Johnson, Howard John-ston, Dan McKinley, and RobertRheinfrank. In honor of theseeleven members the Semi-AnnualSenior Banquet is planned forThursday evening, May 15.

Election of the Club's officersfor the next semester was heldon April 29 Those elected to thevarious offices were: MertonWorster, Noble Skull; RonWoods, Occipital; Gordon Elliott,Pyloris; Vernon Stoner, Stylus;Jerry Dierdorff, Sacrum; MikeCorrigan, Styloid, and Bud Brail,Receptaculum. Installation of of-ficers is planned for Monday,May 12.

The fraternity's annual springpicnic was held as usual this yearon Mother's Day, May 11. A goodattendance was recorded.

Once again the fraternity hasanother wedding announcementto offer-This time it is our goodfriend Joe Cullen, who has "goneand done it." Congratulationsand the best of everything, Joe!

Due to the Senior qualifyingexaminations and the extra strainof tests experienced by the un-derclassmen, the social functionsof the Club have beennecessarily reduced to a mini-mum, but it is hoped that we willbe able to have a final get to-gether of some kind before themajority of the members leavefor home for the summer vaca-tion. And incidently next fall,when we take roll again and findsome students missing because thedraft got you (or me), don't saywe didn't have our fingers crossedor that we forgot to say "We'llbe seeing you." (I hope).

-G. L. E. Stylus

AurThe Fraternity was honored

Monday evening, May 4, 1941, byhaving as a guest speaker, Dr.Paul Park. Dr. Park delivered avery interesting and enlighteningaddress on "Office Practice." Thedynamic personality and keen in-sight of the speaker was felt byall present. We hope that oneday in the future Dr. Park willhonor us again.

Election of officers for the en-suing semester was held Resultswere as follows: Dan Feinstein,Cerebrum; Irving Ansfield, Cere-bellum, Norman Kurzer, Pons;Lou Radetsky, Calamus Scriptori-ous.

Dave Gateman was unanimous-ly elected Sponsor to take Dr.Berck's place next year. Dr.Berck is opening up his practicein Detroit, Mich., early this sum-mer. We shall certainly miss

for just as successful a one in'41-'42.

-D. W. F.

Dr. Berck-his guidance in thelast three years has been flawless.We know that our loss is De-troit's gain.

The Fraternity takes this op-portunity to wish every one avery happy summer vacation. Tothose who graduate we extendevery hope for a successful pro-fessional and a happy personalcareer. May the OsteopathicConcept forever be their creed;for with it the element of suc-cess is almost a foregone con-clusion.

-L R.

We now find that the time hasapproached to where there is onlya few more days until the schoolyear is over for another ninemonth period, and for the Sen-iors forever. Thoughts in thepast have been very pleasant tolook forward to a summer vaca-tion, but in the midst of the pres-ent world conditions we are veryseriously thinking whether wewill be spending a pleasant sum-mer vacation this year.

Tuesday evening, May the 6thIota Tau Sigma held its SeniorBanquet at the Younkers TeaRoom. We were very fortunatein having with us Dr. Floyd Tre-nery from Los Angeles, Califor-nia. IHe spoke on "FraternalProblems and Advantages." Dr.Trenery at present is the SupremePresident of Iota Tau Sigma, andhe certainly give us all some verygood pointers. Other Brothersthat were guests at the Banquetwere: Dr. Byron Laycock, Dr. V.A. Englund, Dr. Byron Cash, Dr.Raymond B. Kale, Dr. D. W.Roberts, Dr. E. E. Steffen, Dr.Donald E. Sloan, Dr. W. P. Kel-sey and Dr. E. Isobaker, all fromDes Moines Other out of townBrothers were: Dr. Victor Pohl,Baxter, Iowa; Dr. D. E. Hannan,Perry, Iowa; Dr. J. W. Rinabar-ger, Keosoqua, Iowa; Dr. E. W.McWilliams, Columbus Junction,Iowa; Dr. B. W. Catschall, Wa-terloo, Iowa, and Dr. Dresser,Humboldt, Iowa. It was indeeda pleasure to meet all of thesemen who have been out in thefield for several years. Alsopresent at the Banquet were thepledges, and feel that they en-joyed every bit of the programas much as the Seniors.

The other day we were verymuch surprised to, see the gayface of Brother Wooliscroft, whois now practicing near Denver,Colorado. He stopped in at thecollege for a little visit whilemaking a tour through DesMoines. We are all happy tosee that Dr. Wooliscroft is look-ing prosperous out there in thehills.

The Seniors who are graduat-ing this spring are: LennardClifford who intends to return tohis native state of South Dakotaand roam the hills, Charles Grayand we are assured that he willreturn to Ohio where MotherNature provided a pond for himto fish, Jess Varner who planson returning to his native stateof Florida to research on the lifecycle of the Anopheles Mosqui-

DESERT-ATIONSThe past month has been a

busy one both in and out of thehouse. With nearly five thous-and N. O. I. C. Year Books toprepare for mailing and manyletters to be answered, too muchtime has been taken from thewonders of the flower gardens.Until you have seen cacti inbloom the majority of you wouldnot be interested in the manyvarieties!. Striking colors, waxypetals with contrasting stamensand style and usually much largerthan expected even from a smallplant, make them constant sur-prises that have stolen the sevencolors of the rainbow. Add thegleam of humming birds and theflitting highly colored butterfliesand you have a kaleidoscope thatthe eye can trail from the cactito the roses to the honeysuckleto the columbine and continuingaround the circle.

The major event of the monthwas the trip to Raton to the N.Mexico state convention withHarold Donovan and wife ashosts. Everything was perfectbut the weather in the North partof the state. Down here we havehad our Spring and now it isSummer. If you prefer Winterat this time of the year go toHarold's part of the state. Rainchanged to sleet and then tosnow as the road wound thru themountains on North and the oldman was glad to get back to thewarmer climate of the South.Can you believe that 125 osteo-pathic physicians from 12 statesmet in Raton for an intensivethree-day convention April 24-25-26? Six from Missouri, two fromIowa, 12 from Nebraska, 1 fromTennessee, 1 from Illinois and theadjoining states well representedwith 50 from our own state. Themeeting was honored by the pres-ence of Dr. F. A. Gordon, ourNational President and Dr. PaulPrice, our National First VicePresident. Other notables wereon the program and the threedays were filled with valuabletalks and demonstrations and theevenings, planned by Mrs. Dono-van, were delightful social affairs.Dr. and Mrs. Donovan openedtheir beautiful home to nearlyone hundred guests the first eve-ning and served a buffet supperthat left us hard to pry fromcomfortable chairs. The magni-ficent home, the excellent foodand the congenial company madethis affair an attraction that willbe the major urge to return tothis meeting next year. An op-eration not planned nor scheduledwas necessary Saturday morning.Dr. Donovan's eight year old sonsuffered an attack of acute apendi-citis and was operated upon byDr. Curtis Brigham. Harold re-

(Continued on Page Four)

toes, and Harland Hofer: whoplans to go to Seattle and learn;how fish actually swim in cans.

This being the last publicationof the school year Iota Tau Sigmawishes to extend its best wishesto you all.

-R. G. H.

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THE LOG BOOK

The Log BookThe Official Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor ................ Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor ............... R. 0. Drews

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Osteopathic TherapeuticsOBSTETRICSPrenatal Care

(Number 28 in Series)The percentage of mothers find-

ing themselves unable to nursetheir babies, either adequately orin part, is entirely too high. Itis the consensus of opinion ofboth the obstetricians and thepediatricians that breast milk isnot only the most satisfactoryand the most complete food forthe newborn baby during its firstseveral months of life, but thatbreast feeding is distinctly bene-ficial for the mother. PerhapsOsteopathy has made no greatersingle contribution to the prac-tice of obstetrics than -it has inthe ability to establish and main-tain the normal functioning ofthe mammary gland during thedesired period of lactation.

It is to be hoped that we can,by bringing this subject of physi-ological lactation into this dis-cussion, serve an even greaterfield of usefulness in the osteo-pathic treatment and care of theexpectant mother. We recognizethe fact that some mothers mustartificially feed their babies be-cause of various factors makingit physically impossible to nursethe baby at the breast. Such fac-tors as employment, serious de-pleting disease and social demandsas reasons for inability to nursethe baby do not come within thescope of this paper. It is highlydesirable, however, that every ex-pectant mother who really desiresto nurse her baby shall be ableto do so.

There are two main reasonswhy the mammary gland mayfail in function. One is quiteentirely mechanical, interferingwith venous drainage from thebreast, and the other reason isin part mechanical, consisting ofosteopathic lesions which inter-fere with the nerve supply to themammary gland and thus dis-turbing the vasomotor control ofits circulation and also the ner-vous control of its secretory ac-tivity.

A less frequent and perhaps aless important cause of inabilityto nurse the baby is a psycholo-gical factor consisting either of afear that they will not be able tosupply adequate nourishment forthe baby, or the sincere convic-tion that they will be unable todo so. This psychological factoris an important one in some casesand one of the great obstetriciansof the country has said that "the

making of milk is largely fac-tored upon the belief that one cando so."

It is desirable, at this time, forus to consider the blood supplyof the mammary gland which isby way of the internal mammaryartery, a branch of the subclavianartery. These internal mammaryarteries, right and left, run downthe anterior wall of the thoraxon either side, and on the insideof the thorax. It reaches themammary gland by perforatingbranches which pass through theintercostal spaces perforating theintercostal muscles. The venousreturn from the mammary glandis by way of venae comites of theinternal mammary artery whichinternal mammary veins emptyinto the innominate vein or thesuperior vena cava. If as a re-sult of poor posture or multiplerib lesions the anterior intercostalspaces are narrowed and the in-tercostal muscles contracturedand fibrosed, the venous drainagefrom the mammary gland is pro-foundly interfered with mechani-cally. This lack of adequatedrainage is in many cases a suf-ficient cause for disturbed func-tioning capacity of the mammarygland. The other of the twomore common causes consists inosteopathic spinal and rib lesionsimpairing the innervation to themammary gland. The mammarygland has only sympathetic in-nervation. The vasomotor con-trol is vasoconstrictor influence.This vasomotor innervation andthe secretory innervation is byway of the sympathetics from thesecond to the sixth dorsal. Osteo-pathic lesions in these areas mayseriously impair the functioningcapacity of the mammary gland.

It is fully recognized and notto be ignored, that undoubtedlythere is a very important hor-monic control and influence inlactation as the result of the in-tegrated activities of the glandsof internal secretion. This con-sists for the most part of thesecretion of prolactin by the an-terior pituitary gland.

While the function of the mam-mary gland as a means of nour-ishing the new baby is chiefly inevidence postnatal, the prepara-tion for this important functionfalls very definitely into therealm of prenatal care. Begin-ning at the seventh month of ges-tation, regular osteopathic treat-ment should be given to normal-ize the upper thoracic cage. Theupper six ribs should be carefullynormalized at their vertebral ar-ticulations. At each treatmentthese ribs should be thoroughlyraised and the anterior inter-costal tissues carefully stretchedand normalized. As was mention-ed in the preceding article in theApril number of the Log Book,errors in posture should be care-fully studied and corrected. Thisprenatal treatment for twomonths preceding delivery is ofgreatest value and may be almostuniversally depended upon to se-cure normal functioning of thisimportant glandular tissue. Whileperhaps not entirely logical to bediscussed in this connection, it isimportant to mention that for

the first three or four days im-mediately following deliverythese upper six ribs on each sidemust be carefully raised and theanterior intercostal tissues nor-malized. True, this is postnataltreatment, but it is practical tomention it in this discussion.

It is the province of the osteo-pathic physician to make it pos-sible for the new mother to nurseher child. The almost completeabsence of breast disturbancesunder such treatment and care isthe best possible evidence of itsvalue. During the period of lac-tation while the breasts are heavythey should be supported by aproperly fitted brassiere which isnot constricting and which prop-erly lifts and holds the breast innormal relations to the chestwall.

A. D. B., D. O.

Postgraduate Review andClinic

Many favorable commentsheard regarding the program forthe Annual Postgraduate Reviewand Clinic to be held at the col-lege, May 26-31, inclusive as pub-lished in the April number of theLog Book have given the officersand the faculty of the collegegenuine pleasure.

We believe we have a worth-while program for those who canarrange to be present for thatweek. We anticipate an evenlarger class than average. Theinvitation is a broad one, beingextended to graduate osteopathicphysicians and surgeons from anyaccredited osteopathic college.

Won't you plan to join with usin a week of condensed, intensivereview? Enjoy the opportunityof meeting with your many col-leagues associated in activitiessimilar to your own. Enjoy thepleasure of mind meeting mindand elbow rubbing elbow in asocial and professional get-to-gether between sessions. Find outwhat the other fellow is doingand thinking, and be prepared tomake your own contributionalong these same lines.

Someone has tritely remarkedthat "when mind meets mind anew spark is generated whichlights both minds to new truths."Take this opportunity to keep intouch with the newer develop-ments and later acquisitions inprofessional information and pro-gress.

-A. D. B., D. O.

Faculty Activities

(Continued from Page One)had several appearances on theprogram of the Minnesota StateOsteopathic Convention at St.Paul on May 2 and 3.

Dr. J. P. Schwartz spoke at theOhio State Osteopathic Conven-tion held at Columbus on May 12and 13, while Dr. A. D. Beckergave several discussions on theprogram of the South DakotaState Osteopathic Conventionheld on May 12 and 13 at SiouxFalls, South Dakota.

Low Back Pain

(Continued From Page One)might have on the general func-tion of the body.

Correct posture assures theconservation of energy becausethe highly efficient mechanism ofthe body carries on its greatestactivity with the least expendi-ture of energy in this position.

Let us see how bad posture pro-duces backache. With the headforward there is flexion of theneck, stooped shoulders, the chestnarrow and sagged, and a weak-ened and protruding adbomen.There is lordosis in the lumbarregion and increased musclestrain thrown on the lower ex-tremities with increased prona-tion of the feet. The increasedeffort, necessary to maintain theupright position under such con-ditions, causes a waste of energy,increased muscle strain, and arti-cular impingement in the lower-

spine. Pain and discomfort inthe lower back will be found inmany of these cases.

The cause of bad posture iscongenital, acquired, or a com-bination of both. Congenialcauses such as abnormalities indevelopment of the spine arefairly common. Hereditary tend-encies are mentioned because pos-tural strain often may be ob-served in large heavy personswith heavy abdomen, in the thin,tall, persons with poor muscula-ture who stand with round shoul-ders and marked lordosis, and inthose who have the round backof adolescence. Occupation, sick-ness, lowered resistance, faultydiet or habits, are important inmany cases. The visceroptosis as-sociated with poor posture maybe responsible for some cases oflow back pain thru viscerogenicreflexes. Weak muscles may notbe the cause of bad posture butcertainly they allow the condi-tion to occur.

The diagnosis is not difficult.However, we should be aware ofthe fact that some organic dis-ease may be present and if this istrue the symptoms may simulatethose of poor posture.

The treatment consists of gen-eral care, exercises, and manipu-lation for improving and reliev-ing structural changes and ifnecessary, supportive measures bythe use of casts and braces.

Exercises should be carefullygiven, their object being to toneup and educate to proper actionthe musculature of the entirebody. Special attention, shouldbe paid to the muscles of theabdominal wall, shoulder girdle,and the gluteal region, that holdthe body in the erect position. Inpostural training the advice is to"push the top of the head up"and at all times to keep the spin-al column straight. Exercise tol-

(Continued on Page 4)

NOTICE

If and when you changeyour address, please notify theLog Book promptly.

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THE LOG BOOK

I m v B ·B.TThe Forty-Third Convention of

the Iowa Society of OsteopathicPhysicians and Surgeons was heldin Des Moines on May 7 and 8.

The following officers wereelected on Thursday, May 8:

President, Holcomb Jordan,Davenport (reelected); VicePresident, Mary E. Golden, DesMoines; Lay Secretary-Treasurer,Dwight S. James, Des Moines; E.F. Leininger was elected as trus-tee to fill the unexpired two-yearterm of Mary E. Golden. Trusteeselected for three-year terms are,R. B. Gilmour, Sioux City (re-elected) and G.- A. Whetstine,Wilton Junction.

H. L. Gulden, Ames, was elect-ed to the Legislative Committeefor a five-year term, succeedingN. A. Cunningham of Marshall-to¥ n.

Delegates to the American Os-teopathic Association in AtlanticCity are, Holcomb Jordan, MaryE. Golden and S. H. Klein.

The President has appointed thefollowing as Department Headsand Committee Chairmen:

Department of Professional Af-fairs, J.K. Johnson, Jr.,- Jefferson;Membership, H. L. Gulden, Ames;Convention Program, Mary E.Golden, Des Moines; Hospitals,Howard A. Graney, Des Moines;Ethics and Censorship, J. W.Rinabarger, Keosauqua; Voca-tional Guidance, John Q. A. Mat-tern, Des Moines; Conventoin Ar-rangements, Ruth Paul, DesMoines; Ophthalmology, H. J.Marshall, Des Moines; Public andProfessional Welfare Committee,Theo. Tueckes, Davenport; PressRelations, J. R. Forbes, SweaCity; Public Education, Lester P.Fagen, Des Moines;; Radio, O.Edwin Owen, Des Moines; De-partment of Public Affairs, D. E.Hannan, Perry; Veterans Affairs,H. D. Wright, Hampton; Conven-tion Exhibits (turned over to Sec-retary); Child Health Conference,Beryl Freeman, Des Moines; In-dustrial and Institutional Service,P. 0. French, Cedar Rapids.

Membership ApplicationsH. Lachmiller, D. O., Clarion.L. A. Stoner, D. O., Britt.F. W. Mcintosh, D. O., Keo-

saqua.-Dwight S. James,

Sec.-Treas,

Graduating Class(Continued From Page One)

tea rooms. Members of the sen-ior class, their wives, the facultyand their wives, and the officersof the school will attend on thisoccasion, along with numerousguests of members of the class.

Des Moines Still College of Osteopathy is justly proud in presenting this splendid class as can-didates for membership in theosteopathic profession. As a resuit of many sacrifices and mudhard work they have really earned the distinction that has cometo them. Our sincere bestwishes for success go with thenin their chosen field of professional activity.

Pursuit For a Reason

(ontinued From Page One)

measured, specifically adminis-tered, and intelligently spaced. Itcan not be a quackish panaceafor it has specific indications,many definite modifications of ap-plication in different patients. Italso has some contra-indications.One may have vibrating enthusi-asm for a scientific fact-and anyone interested in pure science in-evitably grasps the answer tomany, many problems in thescientific evolvements of the os-teopathic school. One interestedin the true science of osteopathyshould never injure that scienceby applying it with blind zealous-ness and abandon. We must notbe guilty of treating as empiric-ally as have other schools of prac-tice that are now trying to gainaccess to Osteopathy's back doorand will eventually try to usurpthe reception room.

In visualizing what is knownof osteopathic science it is neces-sary for us to look back to theprimary cell and watch its de-velopment and metamorphosis.We must study the anatomy andphysiology of those organismsthat were dropped off in variousblind alleys from the train ofevolutionary development. Onlythen can we begin to understandthe answer to the sophomoricquestion, "How do we get thisway" and "Why?"

In a very brief way we havetraversed that road, and now weare up to the point of visualizingwhat little is known at presentabout the embryological develop-ment of the Vegetative NervousSystem. This, in an outlinedfashion, and thence to its knownphysiology.

The Vegetative or AutonomicNervous System is that group ofnerves, ganglia, nuclear tissueand end organs that presides overall involuntary functions. TheVegetative Nervous System is di-vided into two portions: Para-sympathetic and Sympathetic.

The Parasympathetic NervousSystem or Cranio-bulbar andSacral outflow, although its phy-siology will be outlined in somedetail later, is, briefly speaking,motor and secretory to the lungs,gastro-intestinal tract and its as-sociated glands, and depresses thevascular rate and pressure.

The cells of origin of the pre-ganglionic fibers of the Parasym-pathetics are developed and foundin the nuclei of origin of thethird, seventh, ninth and tenthcranial nerves, from the floorof the cerebral aqueduct for theocculomotor down to the medullaoblongata for the vagus. For thesacral portion of this cranio-bul-bar and sacral outflow, the cellsof origin lie in the upper foulsacral segments of the medullaspinalis and emerge with the sec-ond and third sacral nerves tcform eventually the pelvic nerve.

The embryologic development

of this portion of the VegetativeNervous System is in no way dif-ferent from the cerebro-spinalnervous system in which andfrom which the cells of the Para-sympathetics develop and arise inthe adult system.

Intercalated or communicatingfibres connect these parasym-pathetic nuclei, one with each ofthe others and also with manyother cranial nerves. It is overthese reflex pathways that thesymptoms of some distant distur-bances are expressed by produc-ing physiologic perversion and in-flammation in other areas. Theseareas of expression are frequentlycalled Heads' Zones. The num-ber of these areas utilized by ex-pression parasympathetically arevery few compared with the greatnumber of those expressed by thesympathetic.

The symptom expression byway of the Parasympathetics isusually of visceral physiologicperversion. The symptoms; nau-sea, anorexia, vomiting, regurgi-tation, bradycardia, hypotension,questionable colic, diplopia, tinni-tus, sialorrhea rhinorrhea, painand inflammatory activity in anarea supplied by any sensorycranial nerve, usually constipa-tion, diarrhea, urinary urgency,etc., are mostly parasympatheticin origin and they can be pro-duced also by a general toxemia.These symtoms in most cases donot localize a pathologic process.They tell us and the patient thathe is ill-and they may identifythe system involved, such as,Gastro-intestinal, Cardio-vascular,Pulmonary, etc.-but they do notlocalize the involvement at theappendix, or the gallbladder, orthe pancreas, or stomach or eso-phagus for the Gastro-intestinaltract. etc.

For this localization phenomen-on we must in most instancesturn the palpating hand to thesomatic area that receives theviscero-somatic expression by wayof the sympathetic afferent fibres,and thence to efferent fibers (Pot-tinger, Head, Hilton).

We must, therefore, considerthe development of the Sympath-etic Nervous System or the Thor-aco-Lumbar outflow.

-Byron E. Laycock, D. O.

(To Be Continued)

Special Assembly

A special assembly program wasannounced May 13, 1941, in thehonor of Dr. Charles CopelandSmith, who is a representative tothe Public Relations Committeefor Industries.

Dr. Smith gave a very impres-sive speech, before the well rep-resented group, on America To-morrow.

The unexpected is doubly im-pressive-that's why it pays to

. bestow a compliment when it isL deserved.

Low Back Pain

(Continued From Page Three)

erance must be carefully noted,and it may be advisable in rarecases to give the exercises in therecumbent position.

Osteopathic treatment serves torelax contracted muscles, freesthe venous and lymph drainage,and normalizes the spinal articu-lations by the correction of spe-cific lesions. Normalization ofthe articulations is necessary toabolish the abnormal reflexes in-itiating imbalanced muscular ten-sion so that automatic control ofspinal coordination may occur. Onrelieving deformity by supportivemeasures the restriction of ap-paratus as much as possible is de-sired, providing it conforms to theneeds of the case.

No discussion of posture wouldbe complete without at leastmentioning something about scol-iosis, knowing full well that thismay be a part of the poor pos-tural syndrome. In most casesthe strain and stress of muscularimbalance are more noticeable inthe lower back regardless ofwhether the primary curve is inthe lumbar region or higher inthe spine.

Dr. L. L. Facto.

DESERT-ATIONS

(Continued from Page Two)

ports that the boy is recoveringnicely without any complicationsand with Curtis as surgeon andthe complete appointments of theDonovan Hospital we do not needthat assurance.

Several enjoyable cactus hunt-ing trips were scheduled for themonth, the outstanding one beingwith George Sholly of the WhiteSands National Monument.George wanted to investigate thevarieties that grew in the regionof the Lava Beds about 50 milesNorth of the Sands. This spot isinteresting without investigatingthe vegetation. Miles of lava stillin the form in which it cooledand many small craters and sev-eral large enough to drop in agood sized office building andthen not fill the hole. We notonly found two interesting varie-ties of cacti but George had afight with a rattler and came offthe victor so the day was record-ed as a success in several ways.

Better plan to come down thisway during your vacation thisSummer and see some of thethings that make it so attractiveto the old man.

-H. V. H.

LIONS CLUB PRESIDENT

Dr. Homer Fredericks of An-keny, Iowa, has just recently beenappointed president of the newlyorganized Lions Club of that city.

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Accepted for mailing atspecial rates of postageprovided for in Section1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 JUNE 15, 1941 NUMBER 6

Pursuit for a ReasonThe Sympathetic portion of the

Vegetative or Autonomic NervousSystem is properly named. Thissystem of nerves is truly sym-pathetic to the physician and tothe patient. The "State of Em-ergency," sometimes none too"limited" in which we find our-selves daily, is responded to bySympathetic reaction. The Sym-pathetic response is our reactionto infection, trauma or impend-ing characteristics in our environ-mental or social economy thatmay be deleterious to ourselves.The Sympathetic Nervous Sys-tem expresses symptoms that lo-calize disease processes. With-out such localization accurateisolation of a disease or a path-ologically involved area would begreatly delayed and in most in-stances of organic involvementimpossible.

The Sympathetic Nervous Sys-tem and certain associated tissuescomprise our defensive mechan-ism and should be appreciated toa greater extent.

The origin of the Primordia ofthe Sympathetics is still beingdebated, but the general concen-sus of opinion is that the Sym-pathetic Nervous System is de-rived from the Neural Crest. TheNeural Crest is developed fromEctoderm that invaginates tofrom also the Cerebro-spinal Ner-vous System. It completes theneural tube posteriorly and then

au .' .,,u-n.,- eveops later- -,ab Llt: n .I rgaismIiL ueveiops later-ally as well as anteriorly the neu-ral crest is pulled laterally andanteriorly.

The most proximal portion ofthe crest gets no farther in itsmigration than the intervertebralforamina. Thirty-one pairs ofcollections of this tissue formhere the Dorsal Root Ganglia.These ganglia contain the cellsof origin of all afferent fibresfibres carrying impulses centrally.These fibres end centrally bysynaptic relationship around agreat number of cells in the cen-tral nervus system. Peripherallythey contact tissues with theirend organs. These end organsare in practically all tissues ofthe body, somatic and visceral,those supplied by Cerebro-spinalnerves and also those suppliedonly by Vegetative Nerve Fibres.Some of the fibers whose nutrientcells are in the Dorsal Root Gan-glion pass over the White RamusPathway thru the Lateral ChainGanglion without interruption,and thence over the grey ramusto the spinal nerve and travelon peripherally to somatic tissue.Some of these peripheral sensoryprocesses pass thru the Lateral

(Continued on Page Four)

The 45th Annual Conventionof the American Osteopathic As-sociation will be held in AtlanticCity, New Jersey, June 23-27, in-clusive. The June number of theJournal of the American Osteo-pathic Association contains, indetail, the splendid programwhich has been assembled underthe chairmanship of Dr. WalterW. Hopps of Los Angeles.

Certainly, this fine professionalprogram is a challenge to everyosteopathic physician and surgeonin practice. It covers a widerange of professional interestsand in the main is divided intothe General Program runningfro m9 a. m. to 12 noon and from1:40 p. m. to 3 p. m. each day,excepting Friday when the gen-eral sessions close at noon. Themeetings of the various sectionsare scheduled from 3:00 to 5:00each afternoon, excepting Friday.

There will be many meetingsof allied organizations beginningon Friday the 20th and extendingthrough Convention Week. Theseprograms of the allied organiza-tions include a wide range of pro-fessional interests ranging fromAdvisory Board for OsteopathicSpecialists to the newly-formedAuxiliary to the American Osteo-pathic Association composed ofthe wives of osteopathic physi-cians. Many reunions have been........ s ...................planned, among which chiefly arethe annual meetings and ban-quets of the various osteopathic

A Message to YoungPhysicians

In going over some of my fath-er's (Dr. R. Rogers) effects theother day I found an addressmade by Dr. N. S. Davis. Theaddress was to inaugurate thefirst session of The NorthwesternUniversity School of Medicine-October 9, 1859.

I feel that there is a messagein that old manuscript for you-Students of Osteopathy. May Iquote

"In choosing the profession ofmedicine as your calling, youhave individually assumed a highresponsibility. In your futurelives you will be in continuousconflict with disease and death."

"Day by day you are to dealwith the most confidential, themost important, and the mostsacred interests of man. Let meentreat each one of you, then inthe prosecution of your profes-sional career, not only to culti-

(Continued on Page Three)

fraternities and sororities. Thesefraternal meetings are of out-standing interest and value andserve to keep alive the friendshipsestablished among physicians intheir college days.

The Convention will be held inthe Atlantic City Auditorium, of-fering every facility required bya large convention of this typeand scope. Many fine entertain-ment features have been preparedfor wives and families of visitingphysicians, including the Presi-dent's Reception and Ball onMonday evening, sight-seeingtrips, bridge parties, luncheons,and the banquet on Thursday eve-ning of Convention Week.

A most interesting and instruc-tive scientific exhibit has beenarrangd. It is indeed an oppor-tunity for a splendid postgraduatecourse mixed with rest, recrea-tion and amusement. AtlanticCity with its beautiful beach andcelebrated boardwalk has muchto offer in the way of entertain-ment for the visitor. The hotelaccommodations are generousand convenient.

A careful study of the programin its entirety indicates that this45th Convention of the AmericanOsteopathic Association will seta new standard of excellence andreflects much credit upon all the

rni FC nff ircb A + sus ont+,nn

have made it possible.On to Atlantic City.

Health Education BoothsAt County Fairs

It has been suggested that anexcellent way to get merited pub-licity for local D. O.'s and for theprofession of Osteopathy, is forus to supply health informationat County Fairs. There is un-questionably a wide-open field forsuch a public service.

People attending County Fairsare naturally inquisitive andopen-minded and eager to learnof new things. They can bereadily approached with informa-tion on Osteopathy as an effec-tive therapy and a desirable vo-cation.

Ordinarily County Fairs do nothave proper facilities for caringfor emergency cases (Boy Scoutsoften attempt to do the work),so we should have litle difficultyin securing space for a booth inreturn for our responding to em-ergency needs. 250 square feet

(Continued on Page 4)

LOW BACK PAIN

Rupture and Protrusion of theIntervertebral Disk and LesionsOf the Lumbosacral and Sacroli-

iac Articulations(Continued)

While low back pain due torupture or protrusion of the in-tervertebral disk has been knownfor many years it is only in thelast few years that it has reach-ed the place of common discus-sion among orthopedic surgeons.

In some of these cases the nuc-leus pulposus protrudes into thevertebral body after breakingthru the upper or lower vertebralplate. This causes marked local-ized pain restricted to the area ofthe spinous process of the verte-bra involved, with rigidity ofmuscles and stiffness of the lowerback. In other cases the inter-vertebral disk protrudes into thespinal canal or the annulus fibro-sus ruptures with protrusion ofthe nucleus pulposus straightback pressing against the nerveroot, or in the angle between thedural sac and the root sheath.The nerve lies just anterior andin close proximity to the articu-lar facet arising from the verte-bra below. This is invariably theposition of the root as it crossesthe intervertebral disk. Anyprotrusion or backward bulgingof the disk margin tends tosqueeze the root backwardagainst the facet or against theligamentum flavum.

According to the orthopedic andneurosurgeons the outstandingsubjective symptom is pain; notmild sciatic pain, but severe, in-tracable, disabling pain, accentu-ated by coughing and sneezing,and which may be characterizedby long remissions. In the typi-cal case the pain runs down theback of the thigh and outer sideof the leg. The pain in the lowerback may precede the leg painSand a definite history of injury isgiven in about half the cases.The most common physical signs;are a positive Lasegue sign; sci-atic tenderness, paresthesia, anddiminution or absence of one orboth Achilles tendon reflex. Ifthe ruptured fragment is largethere may be evidence of com-pression of all the elements ofthe cauda quina with paralysisof the sphincters and other symp-toms of such a condition. Thesesymptoms are due perhaps to acircumscribed meningitis whichhas been provoked by the me-chanical irritation of a protrud-ing intervertebral disk. The to-tal protein of the spinal fluid isusually increased but not always

(Continued on Page Two)

Entered as second classmatter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at DesMoines, Iowa, under theact of August 24th, 1912.

On to Atlantic City. ~lodllan~e~ity

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vuriuus onicers ancL committee-t~t=.men and comitlepwome~n who

_

THE LOG BOOK

N. 0. I. C.If everything is not in the bag

for the Atlantic City meetingthen it is too late now. The pro-gram looks like it would be suf-ficient reason for attending. Prob-ably the only complaint we willhear will be the usual one of toomuch going on at the same time.The other features that go tomake up a convention are allthere for you in the way of newsights and a full program of ex-cellent entertainment. The lunch-eon at the Dennis Hotel at noonon Monday, June 23rd is veryimportant to all members of theCouncil. Hurry from the Conven-tion Hall to it and help plan an-other year that will accomplishmore than the past one.

Your fraternity banquets areall scheduled and your completeinformation will be given you atthe registration desk. The com-mittees at Atlantic City have puttogether a fine program of everyconvention attraction and youmust be there to enjoy it.

J. Paul Leonard, Pres.-H. V. Halladay, Exc.-Secy.

Low Back Pain(Continued From Page One)

and in some cases it is decreased.The use of intra-spinal injectionof lipiodol or air has been usedto detect the tumor as it pro-trudes into the spinal canal.

Lumbasacral and sacroiliac les-ions are the most common causeof low back pain and are duemost frequently to trauma, whichincludes postural strain discussedin a previous article.

The history of the case is oneof lifting, bending over pickingsomething off the floor, or twist-ing suddenly in most any direc-tion. The history is similar tothat given in rupture of the in-tervertebral disk.

There is severe pain most fre-quently localized to a certainarea of the back but may be gen-ralized across the back with thepoint of severest pain shiftingfrom one side to the other, andrelieved in most cases by recum-bency, particularly so, if motionseems to aggravate the pain. Notinfrequently the pain is referredto the leg, more often in sacroil-iac than in lumbasacral lesions.

Most of you are familiar withthe points of tenderness in thesecases but a brief discussion ofthem may be of help to some ofyou. In the case of a flexion orextension lesion of the fifth lum-bar the tenderness is most acuteover the interspinous ligamentand tissues between the sacrumand fifth lumbar. However, inthe latero-flexion-rotation lesionthe pain is as a rule most severeover the iliolumbar ligament onthe side toward the concavity ofthe lesion although there aretimes when apparently it is onthe side of the convexity; thismay be due to a lesion of the sac-roiliac on that side. When thesacroiliac articulation is in lesionthe pain is localized mesial to,below, or rarely lateral to, theposterior superior spine. In some

Philosophy

The following lines have a ring of true homely philosophy. Inthis day of turmoil and strife and many perplexing problems it iswell, occasionally to remind ourselves that these, too, will pass.

A hundred years ago and moreMfen wrung their hands and walked the floor

And worried over this or thatAs if their woes would squash them flat.

Where are those worried beings nowThe bearded goat and festive cow

Eat grass above their moulded bonesAnd jay birds call in strident tones.

And where the ills they worried o'er?Forgotten all forever more.

Gone all the sorrow and the woeThat lived a hundred years ago.

The grief that makes you scream todayLike other griefs will pass away,

And when you've cashed your little stringAnd jay birds o'er your bosom sing,

The stranger pausing there to viewThe marble works that cover you

Will ponder on the uselessnessOf human worry and distress.

So let this worry business slide.Live while you live and when you've died

Folks will say, standing round your bier,"He made a hit while he was here."

cases the pain is localized in theilio-lumbo-sacral area, which pro-bably indicates an associated les-ion of the fifth lumbar. In othercases there is pain in the sciaticnotch and over the sciatic nerveas it is palpated between thegreater trochanter and the tube-rosity of the ischium. In themore acute sacroiliac involve-ments there is a point of tender-ness in the abdomen midway be-tween the umbilicus and the an-tero-superior iliac spine on theside in lesion.

Muscle contraction is oftenmarked in these lesions frequent-ly equal on the two sides in lum-bosacral lesions but in sacroiliaclesions most often asymmetricalwith a resulting curvature of thespinal column with a short ex-tremity on the side of the lesion.The hamstring muscles on theaffected side may be contractedmaking it impossible to flex thehip on the pelvis while the legis extended. Due to muscularrigidity there is limitation of mo-tion in all directions with rota-tion more limited in sacroiliacthan in lumbosacral lesions. Itis well to test for motion withthe patient sitting, and standing,as well as in the recumbent posi-tion.

The posture of the patient is ofsome diagnostic value. Lateraldeviation is rarely seen in lum-bosacral lesions unless there is alesion of the sacroiliac at thesame time. In acute sacroiliacirritation the spine lists as a ruleaway from the side of the lesionbut in chronic cases the spinemay be deviated toward the sideinvolved. This is sometimesspoken of as sciatic scoliosis.

The diagnosis is made by thehistory, physical signs, and insome cases by special tests ofpassive mobility, described by Las-

-Walt Mason..........

egue, Goldthwait, Gaenslen, andothers. X-ray examination is notoften of much value in lumbosa-cral and sacroiliac lesions. How-ever, it is of marked value inhelping to eliminate fractures,chronic arthritis, congenital ab-normalities, rupture of the inter-vertebral disk with decsease inthe intervertebral space, tubercu-losis, and malignancy whichalong with traumatic neurosis,fibrositis, and referred pain fromabdominal and pelvic visceramust be considered in making adifferential diagnosis.

For the average case osteo-pathic treatment is the treatment.The patient should be seen everyday for three days and thenevery other day until the patientis relieved of his symptoms whichas a rule is no longer than twoor three weeks. In the more se-vere cases it may be necessary toput the patient to bed on a hardmattress, with heat and lightmanipulation to the lower backand when the patient is permit-ted to be up and around it is ad-visable to have him wear a sacro-iliac support for a few weeksparticularly so if he does anyheavy work. Rarely there is acase that may do better with aplaster cast applied to the lowerback. This has been suggestedfor those cases with rupture ofthe intervertebral disk. Cases oflow back pain if unsuccessfullytreated by osteopathic manipula-tion may have been cases of pro-trusion and slight rupture of theintervertebral disk, because inlatero-flexion-rotation lesions thisprotrusion of the intervertebraldisk is a part of the lesion path-ology. When the nucleus pul-posus ruptures into the body ofthe vertebra as shown by theX-ray a plaster cast is indicatedand should be worn for a period

DESERT-ATIONS

With so much to be done towind up the year before the con-vention it has been a busy monthfor the several planned trips couldnot be postponed either. A checkshows that over 200 pieces ofmail left the old desk this pastmonth but the trips are worth amention.

JuarezA shopping trip to the little

city across the border nettedsome hand woven Mexican shoesand a few trinkets. The marketwas interesting as usual with itsdisplay of meats especially so Ibought some garbanza instead.They look like a nasturtium seedbut taste much like butter beans.

Hal Cox RanchA call from a friend about a

place to rest inspired a trip toone of the so-called Dude Ranch-es and the afternoon was spentin watching several activities tak-ing place on the 50,000 acres. Thebranding corral took most of mytime but a short trip to the foot-hills and up a mountain trail wasthe most thrilling. Will makeanother trip there this comingweek to survey the cacti.

"Billy the Kid"World Premier opened in Las

Cruces for Billy was a very in-timate part of the early historyof this immediate section. It isa fine picture but not exactlytrue to history. The great thrillwas to see the fine acting of BobTaylor (Spangler ArlingtonBrugh) whose father graduatedin my class in Osteopathy. Billythe Kid never heard of Monu-ment Valley but it photographedso well in colors that the pro-ducers had to bring it into thepicture and the scenes takenthere are real works of art.

The Hueco MountainsTomorrow will be on my way

to the Huecos. Met a miningengineer in the Post Office theother day and he is certain that100 different kinds of cacti growon the Huecos. Must see for my-self so am off with lunch, 4 cokesand all of the equipment neces-sary to stalk the elusive Epithe-lantha Micromeris. I'll be on atall peak watching your antics atAtlantic City. Have a good timeand drop me a card telling me,"Wish you were here."

-H. V. H.

of eight to twelve weeks followedby some good back support for asimilar period of time.

Operative treatment is done ina very small percent of the cases.This includes injections, myoto-my, fasciotomy, removal of ab-normal bone formations, andjoint stabilization or arthrodesis.

This concludes the discussionon low back pain and while thesearticles have been quite brief itis the hope of the writer thatthey may be of some help to youin your every day osteopathicpractice.

-DR. L. L. FACTO

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I . I . - I .

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THE LOG BOOK

encouraged a goodly number ofmy pregnancy cases to start aThe i L o B0Q O series of such deep breathing ex-ercises, beginning gradually and

The Official Publication of working up to a very definiteDES MOINES STILL COLLEGE and liberal scheduled daily pro-

OF OSTEOPATHY gram. The result was little shortof startling. Pelvic weight and

Editor ................ Arthur D. Becker distress was reduced to a mini-______. ________mum.

Another factor was consideredCo-editor ....................R. 0. Drews and added to this program ofbreathing exercises. The average

Osteopathy Without Limitation woman comes to her time of la-bor with inadequate musculardevelopment in the abdominal

Osteopathic Therapeutics walls. There is need for goodmuscular tone and adequate mus-cular development. So, alongwith these deep breathing exer-

Prenatal Care cises we instituted a series ofexercises calculated to develop

(Number 29 in Series) body wall muscles, particularlyThis is a third brief article on the abdominal muscles . It will

Prenatal Care and it is the plan not be necessary in this discus-to discuss at this time some pro- sion to point out the great valuecedures in which the active in- of such muscular preparation. Ittelligent and continued coopera- was almost the universal rule astion of the patient is a prime the result of these exercises thatnecessity. It is of commanding patients, even late in pregnancy,interest to prospective mothers to were enjoying abounding goodfind that there are things which health and able to indulge inthey can do for themselves, un- their usual activities with entireder the guidance and direction freedom.of their attending physician. It was my plan to discuss these

It is highly desirable that the exercises in great detail with theexercises herein indicated should patients, showing them just howbe incorporated as part of the to do them and explaining thepatient's regime early in preg- reasons for doing them. It wasnancy. They are suggested as my experience that universallythe result of much practical ex- patients were not only interestedperience in their use over a pe- but very cooperative. Obviously,riod of years, and have added we had the advantage of work-value when associated with the ing to a definite goal, and thatosteopathic treatment and care only a few months distant.outlined in the two immediately Briefly, the breathing exercisespreceding articles (Log Book were as follows:April and May, 1941). With the patients lying flat on

We will not attempt in this their back on the floor, they werebrief article to discuss all the to inhale as deeply as possible,factors which tend to promote bringing in the arms directly upand maintain passive pelvic con- over above the head on inhala-gestion. It becomes increasingly tion and bringing them back toimportant, during pregnancy, the side on exhalation. Next,that the pelvic circulation be they were to carry the arms outmaintained in normal tonicity sideways, bringing them up aboveand that venous and lymphatic the head on inhalation and backdrainage be kept at a high level to the side on exhalation. Third,of efficiency. The comfort of the they were to push the abdominalpatient and the function of pel- wall out as far as possible on in-vic organs and tissues are pro- halation and contact it as far asfoundly affected by varying de- possible on exhalation; each ofgrees of passive pelvic conges- these breathing exercises to betion. It is easy to reason, then, done five times at the beginningthat any method by which pelvic and gradually worked up duringpassive congestion can be elimi- the first month of exercising tonated is a matter of primary im- thirty or forty times for eachportance. one.

I early observed in my obstet- These breathing exercises couldrical practice a number of years be interspersed with the muscu-ago that professional singers lar exercises without any strain.tended to have excellent health Have the patients lying on thethrough their pregnancy and to floor on their back, lifting onehave relatively short and easy leg from the floor and then thelabor. In a consideration of the alternate one, with the knees ex-reasons for these associated facts, tended; each five times. Then,I remember that one of the first lift both legs from the floor withthings a professional singer the knees extended, bringing thelearns to do is to breath proper- feet in each case up as nearlyly; that they practice abdominal vertical as possible. These wereand diaphragmatic breathing as to be increased up to twenty-a necessary and important part five times within the first monthof breath control for their vocali- or six weeks of the exercises.zations. It is well recognized Riding a bicycle in the air whilethat deep abdominal breathing lying in this same positon (onwith free diaphragmatic excur- the back), starting in with a fewsion is a most potent and power- seconds and gradually increasingful mechanism in aiding the re- it, was incorporated. Gentle bend-turn of the venous blood and ing and twisting exercises withlymphatic fluid to the heart. I the patients standing erect and

the feet separated about 15 or 18inches with the arms oustretchedand turning the head and should-ers first to one side and then theother were valuable additions.These patients were instructed todo their exercises every day andwere particularly warned to startin very gradually so as not tomake themselves muscularly lameand thus discourage them.

It is recognized there may becases in which such exercises arecontraindicated. For this reasonit should always be directed andguided by the attending physi-cian. It proved, however, to besuch a valuable adjunctive meas-ure as a part of prenatal carethat I could not forego the op-portunity of placing it before ourreaders in this discussion. Theingenuity of the patient and ofthe physician might readily de-vise other exercises which couldbe incorporated with advantage.

I suggested to these patientsthat they do their exercises atsome definite time in the day,and if not inconvenient perhapsthe best time of day is the firstthing in the morning, dressed ina suit of pajamas without anyconstricting clothing. At bed-time each day they are to takethe knee-elbow position for fiveminutes and take a few deep ab-dominal breaths while in that po-sition. This is to be done justbefore getting into bed.

It is to be remembered thatvasomotor control of pelvic cir-culation comes from the spinefrom the tenth dorsal to the sec-ond lumbar. Consequently, alllesions in the lower dorsal, dorso-lumbar junction and upperlumbar area must be carefullycorrected and maintained in nor-malization. As a matter of rou-tine treatment and care otherosteopathic lesions occurring inthe pelvis and the spine generallyreceive consideration as discussedin the immediately preceding ar-ticles.

As a result of trying out thesemeasures in my own private prac-tice over a period of many years,I became convinced of the worthof this plan and recommend it-heartily to the consideration ofall osteopathic physicians andtheir patients.

-A. D. B., D. 0.

Message to Physicians(Continued From Page One)

vate the highest degree of fam-iliarity with every branch ofmedical science and art, but alsoa mental discipline, which willenable you to use the facts andmaterials with which you becomefamiliar, with the highest degreeof promptitude and skill. Youwill require a moral integritythat no temptation can swerve."

"If you do these things faith-fully, when you go out from thesehalls, your lives and acts willconstitute the most efficient sup-port for your Alma Mater, andthe world will be better and hap-pier for your living in it."

It is a privilege and a respon-sibilty to be a Physcian-an Os-teopathic Physician.

-John E. Rogers, D. 0.

Postgraduate Class aSuccess

The annual class in Postgradu-ate Review and Clinic which washeld May 26-31, inclusive, was inmany ways one of the best todate, according to the enthusias-tic opinions of many of those whohad been attending them regular-ly. There were 82 osteopathicphysicians and surgeons register-ed from eleven different statesand from as far away as WestVirginia, Ohio, Michigan, Texas,South Dakota and Minnesota.

The course was intensely prac-tical and dealt with modernmethods in diagnosis and treat-ment. Osteopathic principles andosteopathic technic received amajor emphasis. The regular at-tendance of the visiting physi-cians at all the sessions of theclass was notable. A number ofthe visiting physicians took ad--vantage of the opportunity tobrush up on their technic in lab-oratory diagnosis.

The dinner held on Thursdayevening of the Review Week atWayside Inn was one of merri-ment and good fellowship. Apleasant and profitable eveningwas spent with all the friedchicken one could eat, and theassociated fixings to make a ban-quet royal.

The class presented the collegewith a fine gift in money as anevidence of their apprciation. Theofficers of the college and thefaculty were more than pleasedat the many evidences of appre-ciation on the part of those at-tending. It was, without doubt,an unmixed success and it isplanned to continue the workagain next year.

The Resolutions by the classare herewith presented:

"Whereas, we have been dulyappointed by the PostgraduateClass of DES MOINES STILLCOLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY,May 26, 1941 to May 31, 1941, todraft resolutions for the class,the committee submits the fol-lowing.

1. "Be It Resolved: That weexpress our appreciation-:to -Dr.A. D. Becker and Dr J. P. Sch-wartz, respectively President andDean of Des Moines Still Collegeof Osteopathy, to the faculty andto all who have helped make ourweek's study a profitable andpleasant experience.

"And Whereas, the members ofthis class have been the recipientsof the generous giving of time,knowledge and interest on thepart of the faculty of the post-graduate school.

2. "Therefore Be It Resolved:That we extend to this group ofable instructors our sincere andwholehearted thanks.

"And Whereas, we practicingphysicians deem it a valuableprivilege to participate in thiscourse of study.

3. "Therefore Be It Resolved:That we heartily endorse thecontinuance of this annual schoolof postgraduate review.

"And Whereas, we appreciatethe high standard of instruction

(Continued on Page Four)

I

I II

THE LOG BOOK

Pursuit For a Reason(Continued from Page One)

Chain Ganglion as before, andpass on to Visceral tissues as thesensory portion of the reflex arcthat governs the function, stateof nutrition, etc., of all tissues.

The Dorsal Root Ganglion con-tains in addition to these sensorybipolar cells certain other cells.These are the large multipolarcells of Dogiel or Golgi type 11cell. These multipolar cells en-ter into synaptic relationshipwith the sensory cells. The func-tion is presumed to be trophic,governing the state of nutritionof the cells whose processes car-ry all sensory impulses. This isan important task. It has beensuggested by physiologists in thelast few years that the Golgi IIcell has other functions; that ofcorrelation, and association of theimpulses passing thru the sensorycells. Further research may re-

eal-- ---these cells in the DorsalRoot Ganglion have a muchgreater importance than hashitherto been supposed.

Contrary to custom, I am in-cluding the Dorsal Root Ganglionin the discussion of the Sympath-etic Nervous System for severalreasons.

First, the Dorsal Root Ganglionis derived from the same tissuethat gives origin to the LateralChain Ganglia and the Chromaf-fin cells. Secondly, the DorsalRoot Ganglion contains cellswhose peripheral processes passto visceral as well as somatic tis-sue and condition reflex functionby way of the sympathetics. Anycondition influencing the state ofnutrition of the Dorsal RootGanglion must affect visceral re-flexes as profoundly as somatic,by way of the sympathetics.Thirdly, the possible correlationof impulses in the Dorsal RootGanglion to produce a segmentalhyperirritability that influencesboth visceral and somatic activ-ity. For these three reasons Ibelieve the Dorsal Root Ganglionshould be included in any dis-cussion relative to the Sympath-etic Nervous System.

The antero-medial portion ofthe Neural C rest migrates or ispulled by the anterior and lateraldevelopment of the body furtherin the same direction and is foundsituated on the antero-lateral sur-face of the bodies of the verte-bra. Here symmetrically situated-this group of neural crest cellsis called the Lateral Chain Gang-lia of the Sympathetic NervousSystem; the ganglionated cord.

The lateral chain ganglioniccord is a train of cells derivedfrom the Neural Crest that is dis-tributed bilaterally from theGanglion Impar at the tip of theCoccyx upward or cephalward.The chain is continuous to theSuperior Cervical Ganglion. Thereare discontinuous bits of sym-pathetic tissue distributed on upthru the brain to the GanglionRibes, a few cells at the AnteriorCommunicating Artery. Some au-thors contend that this was acomplete chain from the GanglionImpar to the Ganglion Ribes oneither side of the vertebral col-umn before the rapid growth of

the human soma and cerebralhemisphere produced what slightdisturbance it has to the originalsegmentation or metamerization.

The primordia of the LateralChain Ganglionic cells is doubt-lessly from the Neural Crest.Some authors believe they are de-rived from the Anterior Horn ofthe Medulla Spinalis, and it istrue that anterior horn cells arefound present in the anteriorroot of the spinal nerve. Thesebecome constantly fewer in num-ber the farther along the nerveone's sections are taken. Theydo not become more frequent atand beyond the intervertebralforamen as we feel that theyshould were they in reality thestragglers along the pathway ofthis ganglionic migration. Theywere probably pulled out of theirhorn location by the rapid growthof the tissues external to thespinal cord.

The lateral chain ganglia con-tain the cells of origin of thetrue Sympathetic post-ganglionicfibres. Some of these fibres areinterganglionic, passing from thelateral chain to a pre-vertebralganglion. Some are grey ramiand pass to and with the corre-sponding spinal nerve. Each spin-al nerve carries a grey ramus.The remaining fibers pass to vis-cera, usually by way of the bloodvessels. All Post-ganglionic sym-pathetic efferent fibers are devoidof a thick myelin sheath.

The cells in the Lateral ChainGanglion are connected by syn-apsing fibers that arise in thelateral horn of the grey matterof the spinal cord from the 7thcervical to the 3rd or 4th lumbarsegments These fibers pass outof the cord with the 2nd thoracicto the 2nd lumbar spinal nervesinclusive. They are myelinated,are white, and external to the in-tervertebral foramina they leavethe anterior division of the spinalnerves over which they havepassed and create a pathway thatis white too, therefore, and con-nect with the cells in the LateralChain Ganglion. Consequently,these fibers are called, "Connec-tor Neurons." "White Rami,""White Rami Communicantes,"and the pathway from the spinalnerve to the Lateral Chain Gang-lion is called the "White RamusPathway."

Each White Ramus or Connec-tor Neuron arising from a singlecell in the Lateral Horn of thecord contacts by synapse from 8to 32 cells in the Lateral ChainGanglion. The possibility, there-fore ,of an abnormal stream ofimpulses along a single whiteramus producing radiation effector a multiplicity of reflex arcdisturbances is numerically ex-pressed. It is important to re-member that each afferent fiberconnects in the Central NervousSystem with a number of cellsalso, further magnifying the po-tentiality of reflex arc expres-sion.

The Lateral Chain Ganglia aredisarranged slightly from the or-iginal segmental plan of a pair ofganglia for each metamere. Thisis not true for the amount ofganglionic tissue nor for the greyrami to each spinal nerve. In

certain areas the single gangliaare collected together to formunder a common investment asingle large ganglion. In thecervical area we find three ofthese, usually, on each side, theSuperior, Middle and InferiorCervical Ganglia. In the thora-cic area the upper three or fourmake up the Stellate ganglia.Throughout the rest of the spinalarea the purely metameric seg-mental distribution is more con-stantly preserved, there being apair for each remaining thoracicsegment, 4 or 5 pairs in the lum-bar, 4 or 5 for the sacrial, and 1to 4 in the coccygeal, dependingin the number of coccygeal spin-al nerves.

The antero-lateral growth pull-ed the crestal tissue to the an-tero-lateral surface of the verte-bral bodies. The pathway of theLateral Chain ganglia pulled theWhite Rami along, creating thewhite ramus pathway, and pulledalso some afferent fibers from thedorsal or afferent trunk. Thesepass through the Lateral ChainGanglion but do not terminatethere.

In the Thoracic area the Lat-eral Chain Ganglia lie in relationto the articulation of the head ofthe ribs to the vertebral bodies.The ganglia lie in these paraver-tebral tisues and the grey post-ganglionic fibers, unprotected bya myelin sheath, pass throughthose tissues also, to terminatethere and elsewhere in the som-atic and visceral areas.

This anatomical fact dictatesthat the state of nutrition, ven-ous and lymphatic return muscletonus. fascial tension, joint mo-tion, etc., must all be normal ornormalized for normal synapticlevels to be maintained in theLateral Chain Ganglion.

-B. E. Laycock, D. O.

MOVES OFFICESDr. Alan R. Becker has moved

from Winchester, Kentucky toJackson, Michigan where he hastaken over the offices and prac-tice of Dr. H. O. Peterson, 601First St.

MarriagesThe marriage of Dr. Ralph

Everett Davis of Milwaukee,Wis., to Miss Helen Rebecca Mc-Dowell occurred on Saturday, the7th of June, at 8 p. m. in theSecond Presbyterian Church atKansas City, Missouri. They willbe at home at 1139 East Knappat Prospect, Milwaukee, Wiscon-sin after June 25.

Our warm congratulations!

BirthsBorn to Dr. and Mrs. George

C. Boston of Davenport, Iowa ason, James Richard, on May 17.

Born to Dr. and Mrs. DonaldLeigh twin daughters, KarenTownsend and Sharon Klexneyon May 19.

Born to Dr. and Mrs. RaymondKale at the Des Moines GeneralHospital, a baby girl on M'onday,June 2.

Born to Dr. and Mrs. CliffMillard of Summit, South Dakotaa baby girl, Harriet Jeannine, onJune 1.

Health Ed. Booths(Continued From Page One)

should give us ample space for areception room, treating roomand small storage and cloakroom. The attending physicianwould be prepared to give childhealth counsel as well as to takecare of such emergency work asmight arise. In front of the boothshould be a desk where a mem-ber of the Women's Auxiliarycould distribute Osteopathic lit-erature including vocational guid-ance booklets. On the walls ofthe reception room informativeX-Ray films could be displayed,pictures of Osteopathic Collegesand Hospitals, not to mentioncharts on public health subjectsthat can be secured from theFederal Government. In short,such an emergency station couldbe made not only a health educa-tion center, but a potent "car-rier" for Osteopathic educationalpublicity and student recruiting.

Such booths at County Fairswould give us publicity of thesort that would back up our leg-islative campaigns and bring tothe local D. O.'s valuable contactwith the public. The booth wouldrequire the services of only oneDoctor and one assistant at atime for both the child healthcounsel and the emergency work.At the forthcoming CuyahogaCounty Fair the Cleveland So-ciety plans to have just such anexhibit.

Your Clinic Chairman willgladly furnish you details as tohow to set up a booth with suit-able displays. Here's an oppor-tunity to do something worthwhile. Let's be doing it.

-R. H. Singleton, D. O.

Postgraduate Class(Continued From Page Three)

which we have received, and theoutstanding osteopathic atmos-phere which has pervaded theclassrooms.

4. "Therefore Be It Resolved:That we devote ourselves to therecruiting of new student for DesMoines Still College of Osteo-pathy.

5. "Be It Further Resolved:That a copy of these resolutionsbe sent for publication to the LogBook, and to the Journal of theAmerican Osteopathic Associa-tion, and that a copy be filed inthe college office."

(Signed) Fred A. MartinRachel WoodsJ. Bowman-Buck

Receives AwardDr. Jess Varner of Ocala, Fla.,

a member of the May, 1941 grad-uating class, received the PsiSigma Alpha Award for highstanding through his four yearsin the osteopathic professionalcourse. The runners-up for thismark of distinction were Dr.Charles Stull and Dr. RobertBerger.

This mark of distinction is aworthy one and is made for eachgraduating class as the result ofthe generosity of Psi SigmaAlpha National Scholastic Honor-ary Fraternity.

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Entered as second classmatter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at DesMoines, Iowa, under theact of August 24th, 1912.

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T H E

LOG BOOK f " Accepted for mailing atspecial rates of postageprovided for in Section1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 JULY 15, 1941 NUMBER 7

Women -A CareerIn Osteopathy

For women, no other profession offers the outstanding op-portunities for service that arefound in Osteopathy. In the firstplace, the Osteopathic professionis not crowded. The public de-mand for women physicians issteadily increasing. Unlike manyother professional groups, womenare welcomed to the ranks ofOsteopathy and are given equalrecognition in official positions innational, state, and local organizations. A woman now holds theVice-Presidency of the Iowa So-ciety of Osteopathic Physiciansand Surgeons.

The Osteopathic Colleges offerspecial training in the fields ofObstetrics, Gynecology, and Pediatrics for women students whoare interested in specialization.Very valuable contributions aremade by women to the ChildHealth Clinics over the country.

The Osteopathic Women's Na-tional Association, (the nationalorganization of Osteopathic wo-men physicians), is affiliated withthe National Federation of Women's Clubs of America, and isa very integral part of the Am-erican Osteopathic Association.

Des Moines Still College of Os-teopathy takes pride in maintain-ing a splendid group of youngwomen students who are doingexcellent work in all departmentsof the College, and are an activeforce in the spirit of the institu-tion.

In this present National Em-ergency, when many men are be-ing called into active service ofour country, there arises an im-mediate need for others to re-place them professionally. Thisis a responsibility to the healthof our Nation, which can be ac-cepted by women who are- inter-ested in a career.

College entrance requirementswill be found elsewhere in thisissue of the Log Book. Enrollfor the September class.

Iowa 0. W. N. A.

Back From Atlantic CityThe Forty-fifth Annual Con-

vention of the American Osteopathic Association has becomehistory. Those of you who at-tended this splendid affair arestill talking about the genial hos-pitality we enjoyed, can still feelthe cool salt breezes against yourface as you promenaded theBoardwalk, and saw the breakersroaring in to shore from the blueAtlantic. The program was ex-cellent and the Program Chair-

ENTER D. M. S. C. O. NOW!

Now is the time for students who plan toenter Des Moines Still College of Osteopathyin the fall class to make final plans for matri-culation.

It is necessary that we have an official transcriptof your credits sent directly from the Registrar of thecollege or university where the work was taken. Thetranscript must show 60 semester hours of work (orits equivalent).

For the September 1941 Class there is NO sub-ject designation within the 60 semester hours. Begin-ning with the September 1942 Class, the 60 semesterhours must include the following designated subjects:

12 semester hours of Chemistry8 semester hours of Biology8 semester hours of Physics6 semester hours of English

If any of you men or women who are planning toenter have any question in regard to your individualcredits, we will be glad to assist you with your prob-lem.

We have a new Catalog just off the press whichwe will be happy to send to all who are interested.

Des Moines Still College of Osteopathy722 Sixth Ave. - Des Moines, Iowa

Registration September 8th, 1941Classes Begin September 9th

IlUli, 1jr. VV tlLer VV. roupps UiLos Angeles, California, is to bewarmly congratulated for his un-tiring effort and efficiency. Theattendance was most satisfactoryalthough not as large as whenconventions are held in morecentral locations. The exhibits,both commercial and scientific,were of unusual interest and wellrepaid time and effort in visitingthem.

Many matters of weight andimportance consumed the time ofthose two hard-working groups,the Board of Trustees and theHouse of Delegates. Dr. PhilR. Russell of Fort Worth, Texas,was installed as president. Weextend to him our heartiest con-gratulations and pledge to himour loyalty and support in hisstrenuous year just ahead. Hiswide experience in osteopathicorganized activities should proveto be a valuable asset in meetingthe many problems which always

tUIIJLllU L tilt111e gIlgCL tKC ULtVe U1

any large and active association.Dr. R. McFarlane Tilley ofBrooklyn, New York was electedas president-elect and will bringto his work extended experienceas an official and a fine under-standing of its importance andthe various relative values.

Those who attended the con-vention from Des Moines StillCollege were: Dr. Arthur D.Becker, president, and Mrs.Becker; Mrs. K. M. Robinson,secretary; Dr. O. Edwin Owen,assistant dean; Dr. Robert Bach-man, head of the Obstetrical Department, and Mrs. Bachman;Dr. Lonnie L. Facto, clinic staff,Mrs. Facto and sons, Louis andLonnie; Dr. Mary E. Golden,head of the Department of Pedi-atrics; and Thomas Deegan, JackLilly and 0. O. Wentling, stu-dents.

The osteopathic profession of(Continued on Page Two)

President Honored AtAtlantic City Convention

Dr. Arthur D. Becker, Presi-dent of Des Moines Still Collegeof Osteopathy, was highly hon-ored by the Board of Trustees ofthe American Osteopathic Assoi-ciation at the Forty-fifth AnnualConvention of that society heldat Atlantic City during the weekof June 23rd. He was presentedby Secretary Russell C. McCau-ghan with a Distinguished Serv-ice Certificate which stated thatit was in recognition for meritor-ious work in "Osteopathic Edu-cation and College Administra-tion, Osteopathic Organizationand Literary Activities."

Dr. Becker has been presidentof Des Moines Still College ofOsteopathy for the past six years.He is past president of the Am-erican Osteopathic Association(1931-1932) and for fifteen yearswas a trustee of that organiza-tion. For many years he haswritten numerous articles on os-teopathic subjects. His personalacquaintance with Dr. A. T. Still,the discoverer of osteopathy,made it particularly fitting thathe should be selected to give the"Still Memorial Address" at theAtlantic City Convention.

Sunmner ActivitiesAt the College

Be it known to you studentswho are home at vacation thatactivities are still going on hereat the college during the sum-mer. In fact, you would hardlyknow that regular classes are notin session. The General, Gyne-cological, Proctological and Ped-iatrical Clinics are going fullforce. The Obstetrical Clinic isgoing at more than its averagepace since many of you studentsleft for home. In fact, thosewho have stayed to get in extraclinical work during the summerare indeed getting more experi-ence than they bargained for.These students are spending allday working in the general clinicand most of the nights on ob-stetrical cases. Although theyare getting a big kick out of it, Iam sure they will be glad tohave a few of you vacationersback on the job the first of Sep-tember. We have had some veryinteresting cases in the clinicthis summer, some of which wehope to report to the entire stu-dent body when school opens inSeptember.

The office force is busy withmany and varied activities.

03 (I

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THE LOG BOOK

N. O.I. C.The National Osteopathic In-

terfraternity Council held its an-nual meeting on the Roof Gardenof the Hotel Dennis in AtlanticCity with official representativespresent from each of the elevenosteopathic sororities and frater-nities. Dr. J. Paul Leonard,President, presided at the meet-ing.

Several items of business werediscussed, the most important ofwhich being the problem of whatthe N. O. I. C. could do in theway of student selection. It wasthe opinion of the group that the*Grand Councils of each of themember fraternities and sorori-ties should do everything withintheir power to promote studentselection for the respective os-teopathic colleges in which chap-ters of their organizations arelocated.

Dr. Mary Lou Logan will bepresident of the N. O. I. C. forthe ensuing year. Dr. H. V. Hal-laday was re elected executivesecretary of the group. He is tobe commended upon his very finework, not only in laying thefoundation for the N. O. I. C. butbeing responsible for its perpetu-ation. It is the earnest desireof the group that he continue inthis important position.

There are many importantthings to come before this groupduring the coming year. Underthe capable guidance of Dr. Lo,gan we may look for a year filledwith activity.

DESERT-ATIONSWithout a word of warning Dr.

Virg Halladay breezed into DesMoines on the morning of July 1.There may be cacti in the South-west, but Virg had to be back inDes Moines for the Fourth ofJuly, so he tells us. His swarthycomplexion is a testimony to theinvigorating climate of theSouthwest. He spent severalhours with us here at the College,met with the alumni group onTuesday evening, visited with oldfriends and by the time this goesto press will be on his way toLouisiana where he plans tospend a few days with his son,Morrie, at Camp Claiborne. Virgpromised Desert ations for thisissue of the Log Book, but onaccount of this special trip wewill have them for the next issuewhere they will be written fromOld Mexico. He plans to spendsome time beyond the borderduring the next few months do-ing special research in the taxonomy of cacti.

MarriagesDorothy Jeanne Streitwieser,

daughter of Mr. and Mrs. H. E.Streitwieser, to Dr. Walter A. G.Armbrust on November 16, 1940at Hooper, Nebraska.

Forestine Marie Schaeffer,daughter of Dr. and Mrs. ForestEugene Schaeffer, to Mr. Wen--3,11 "rD ..',rt-oQ Tntkin on TlJune 19.

1C941 uat Detro it.1941 at Detroit. -

Back From Atlantic City(Continued From Page One)

Iowa are proud of the fact thatDr. Ferris A. Gordon this yearpresided as President of the Am-erican Osteopathic Association.He and Mrs. Gordon were natur-ally in the limelight of conven-tion activities. Dr. Gordon is tobe commended upon his out-standing services to the osteo,-pathic profession in serving as itspresident this past year. At thebanquet given in his honor onThursday evening, June 26, hewas presented with a lovelytoken from the profession atlarge in appreciation of his meri-torious activities.

Other physicians from Iowa in-cluded Dr. Holcomb Jordan whois for the second year Presidentof the Iowa Society, and his wife,Dr. Lydia Jordan. Dr. HolcombJordan was First Delegate fromthis state to the House of Dele-gates of the National Convention.Dr. Mary E. Golden and Dr. S.H. Klein were the other twodelegates holding seats in theHouse. They did a splendid jobin representing our profession atthe national business sessions.

Mr. Dwight James and his wifealso attended the convention.Mr. James is secretary-treasurerof the Iowa Society and alsoserves as their very efficient at-torney. In Atlantic City he metwith the lay secretary treasurersand attorneys of other state so-cieties and also spent consider-able time in Washington, D. C.on affairs for the profession.

Dr. Phil McQuirk of Audubon,Dr. D. E. Hannan of Perry, Dr.J. K. Johnson, Jr., of Jeffersonand Dr. Ellen Phenicie of DesMoines are among other physi-cians of the state who attendedthe Atlantic City meetings.

Prior to the convention proper,Drs. Becker and Owen attendedthe meetings of the AmericanAssociation of Osteopathic Col-leges where the current prob-lems and advancements of osteo!-pathic education in the variouscolleges were discussed and ideasinterchanged. One of the mostpertinent conditions confrontingthe osteopathic colleges, and allinstitutions of higher learningfor that matter, is the problemof student selection in face of thepresent national emergency sincethose young men and womenwho would logicaly be enteringour colleges are taking positionswith good remuneration in pre-paredness industries or are en-tering the armed forces.

Dr. Arthur D. Becker present-ed the Memorial Address beforethe general session of the con-vention on Thursday morning,June 26, in honor of the founderof osteopathy-Dr. Andrew Tay-lor Still. Dr. Becker's addresswas a masterly eulogy, not onlyto the man who has founded ourscience but offered a living trib-ute to those who have perpetu-ated it, and gave a salute tothose of the osteopathic profes-sion who shall carry the torchof progress into future years.Mrs. Arthur D. Becker presided

as President of the Auxiliary ofthe American Osteopathic As-sociation. Mrs. Becker is to becommended upon the splendidwork she has done in so capablyheading this newly-formed organ-ization.

Dr. Lonnie L. Facto served asChairman of the Technic Sectionfor the National Convention andwas responsible for a very en-lightening program which waswell attended. Those who pre-sented papers on this sectionbrought out many new ideas andbrought about a rebirth of en-thusiasm for the use and im-provement of osteopathic technic.

Mrs. K. M. Robinson, secretaryof the college, presided in theCollege Booth and had the oppor-tunity of recounting old timeswith graduates, both of recentyears and of several years back.The College Booth provides ameeting place for Des Moinespeople and is always a high lightof the convention.

Dr. O. Edwin Owen presenteda paper before the Sacro-iliacSection and took part in severalother convention features. Dr.Owen was re elected Secretary-Treasurer of Phi Sigma Gammaand re-elected as Editor of thePsi Sigma Alpha publication.

On Wednesday evening theDes Moines Still College AlumniAssociation held their annualbanquet in the Club Room of theHotel Traymore where 47 alum-ni and guests held forth in grandstyle. Now that we are all homeagain and can review the splendid time we had at AtlanticCity, we are looking forward toanother national conventionwhich in 1942 will be held in LosAngeles, and in 1943 at GrandRapids, Michigan.

Dept. of PhysiologyThe College annually enter-

tains a large number of visitorswhose privilege it is to give theinstitution an unofficial inspec-tion. Of chief interest, for themoment, are the alumni who re-turn for a visit. Their commentson the laboratories range fromapproval to amazement. All areinterested, and many are enl1ilu-siastic about the changes thathave taken place; and in a roughway, their enthusiasm is propor-tional to the number of yearssince they have left the college.The laboratories and laboratorycourses underwent a marked andrapid change when Dr. Owencame to the Des Moines Still Col-lege eight years ago. He waswell trained in Zoology and madeevery effort to provide for thestudents the means whereby theymight obtain an adequate train-ing in pre-clinical work. Thelaboratories were reorganized,and a great deal of equipmentwas added so that the students ofthe college might have not onlyan adequate, but an excellenttraining in the Basic Sciences.

In this general trend towardsuperiority in the Basic Sciencefoundations, Physiology profitedat least as much as any of theother fields. Nor did the ad-

(Continued on Page -Three)

Des Moines AlumniActivities

Another year of alumni activ-ity has just been completed anda new year began at the AtlanticCity meeting held during the A.O. A. Convention.

We are grateful to the LogBook for this opportunity to sub-mit a report of the year justencaing.

WVe have had a successful yearin nany respects. There are 2F5paid alumni members who haveraised ever $3,000 on the Hospi-tal piroject.

Thte correspondence has beenso heavy that it was an impossi-bility to answer all of it, but al-nrr.et w'vthout exception we havereceived encouraging letters en-dorsing alumni activities.

At the Atlantic City Conven-tion the same officers were re-elected to serve another year.They are: Frank Jones, Macon,Georgia, President; H. V. Halla-day, Las Cruces, New Mexico,Vice President; P. L. Park, DesMoines, Iowa, Secretary-Treasu-rer; John Rogers, Oshkosh, Wis-consin, Endowment Counselor,and F. D. Campbell, Des Moines,Student Recruiting Counselor.

We were also directed to con-tinue our main objectives. First,of course, is student selectionwhich can be done by every alu-mnus and field physician; andwhich he should be glad to dobecause we must maintain aconstant enrollment in ourschools and replace the ranks ofour doctors retiring from prac-tice. We need a constant streamof new blood entering our col-leges, which, in turn, will enrichthe profession as a whole. Fel-low alumnus, select from yourcommunity young men and wo-men for the September 1941Class. Do it now!

Second, the Hospital site pro-ject should be completed by earlyfall. We have $1500 left to raise;it takes only $10.00 from 150doctors to complete this project.You who have intended to help,but have delayed, send yourcheck today while it is fresh inyour mind.

The ultimate completion of theHospital depends upon the com-pletion of this alumni activity.We are told on every hand thatphilanthropic individuals or or-ganizations ask, "What have thealumni done for their own insti-tution?" Therefore, we are goingto complete the purchase of thehospital site before any outsidefunds are solicited.

Questions on alumni activitieswill be promptly answered if di-rected to P. Li Park, 500 Teach-out Bldg., Des Moines, Iowa.

Respectfully submitted,-P. L. Park, D. O.

Dr. Joseph Gurka writes usthat he is now a Lieutenant inCo. I, 18th Infantry, 1st Divisionat Fort Devens, Massachusetts.

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THE LOG BOOK

The Log BookThe Official Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor .............. Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor .-....Dr. O. Edwin Owen

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Osteopathic TherapeuticsOBSTETRICS

Postpartum Care

(Number 30 in Series)It is not the purpose in these

short, condensed discussions inosteopathic therapeutics associat-ed with the various problems tobe considered as a part of preg-nancy and labor, to deal withany technic of the period oflabor as such. Such technic isdescribed in extended detail inmany standard textbooks on thesubject.

Before discussing, however, thepostpartum treatment and carerelative to the peculiarly osteo,-pathic contributions, I would liketo mention in this connection ameasure of value applicable inthe beginning of actual labor.Where the case is proceedingwith more than reasonable de-liberation, where dilation seemsto be retarded and the first pe-riod of labor is unduly prolonged,it has been my experience thata very thorough osteopathictreatment freeing up the lowerdorsal area, the dorsal lumbarjunction and the entire lumbararea and the lumba sacral junc-tion, with thorough springing ofthe sacro-iliacs, has usually re-sulted in a definite and measur-able speeding up of the entiremechanism of labor. In additionto the treatment just outlined,in many cases steady pressureover the clitoris for ten to twen-ty minutes, and steady firm pres-sure over the second, third andfourth sacral segments haveseemed to be particularly effec-tive in favoring dilation of thelower pole of the uterus and ofthe cervix.

Following labor, unless thelabor has been unusually easyand brief, we find that most pa-tients have a number of osteo-pathic lesions. These lesions arefound not only in the pelvic arti-culations but in the entire spine,including the ribs. These patientshave undergone a series of severemuscular efforts and strains withthe logical result that manyspinal, rib and pelvic articula-tions have been thrown out ofnormal articular relations. Assuch they constitute osteopathiclesions which have the power toeffect and maintain disturbedfunctioning capacities. Here isanother place where Osteopathyhas made a very real and val-uable contribution in the fieldof Obstetrics. These new moth-ers should receive daily - osteo-pathic treatment for at least five

or seven days following delivery.As was mentioned in the articlein the May number of the Log

......I - - - - - - ,BooK, as a part of this treatmentthe upper ribs in particularshould be carefully raised, theintercostal tissues normalized andfreed because of the importantbearing upon the function oflactation. About thirty days fol-lowing labor a careful examina-tion should be made to insurethat the uterus is in proper posi-tion and freely movable. A care-ful check up at the end of thirtydays postpartum should be madeto insure the normality of spinal,rib and pelvic articulations. Thisthorough re-checking should berepeated again 60 and 90 daysafter delivery. The discoveryand correction of osteopathiclesions in this manner is the bestinsurance that the new motherwill be in best possible conditionto make the many and variedadjustments in tissues necessaryduring the first three monthspostpartum. It is not sufficientmerely to have a record of alive mother and a live baby asthe result of a confinement.Rather, we must have a wellmother five and ten years lateras far as the results of any par-ticular period of pregnancy andlabor are concerned.

This is the ideal to which Osteopathy has pledged its service.In this discussion it is taken forgranted that any repairs indi-cated have been promptly at-tended to.

-A. D. B., D. O.

Vacation Plans

Dr. and Mrs. Arthur D. Beckerare taking their summer vaca-tion during the month of July innorthern Michigan. Dr. E. F.Leininger started on vacationJuly 1 and will have reports onhis activities later.

Mrs. K. M. Robinson plans atrip to Duluth and Canada, visiting friends and relatives. Mrs.Leone Lynch of the office forceis planning her vacation for thelast of July. She plans to gointo Chicago and-- spend -sometime in surrounding lake resorts.

Dr. John Woods started onvacation July 1st, Dr. Woods isspending his vacation periodworking out new floral schemeson the "South Forty." Those ofyou who have not seen Dr.Woods' new greenhouse in fullblossom are missing something.His perennial gardens are bankedrow on row, resplendent withchromatic aberration.

Miss Mildred Moore of the of-fice force spent a very delightfultime in Pennsylvania, stoppingoff in Chicago on the way home.Dr. Owen is planning a trip tothe Canadian Northwest and Pa-cific Coast during the first ofAugust. Dr. and Mrs. PaulKimberly are at the present timetouring the Southwest, includingOklahoma, Texas, Arizona andNew Mexico. Dr. and Mrs. Factoand sons, Louis and Lonnie, tookan extended trip following theNational Convention throughTennessee and -Kentucky.

Dept. of Physiology(Continued From Page Two)

vances made by the Departmentof Physiology stop when Dr.Owen relinquished his place inthe department to work in theclinical fields. Moreover, withthe present cooperative attitudeof the administration towardprogress in the Basic Sciences,there is little evidence that suchprogress will stop. The aims ofthe Department of Physiologyare twofold. Firstly, it intendsto provide for the student top-notch instruction; and secondly,it intends to make contributionsto the growing fund of physiolo-gical knowledge, one of the mostimportant building blocks of theosteopathic structure.

None of us would knowinglytake his automobile to a repair-man who was not thoroughlyacquainted with the structureand operation of the machine.Likewise, it would seem to belittle short of criminal negligenceto recommend a field physicianwho did not understand the struc-ture and mechanics of the hu-man body. The Department ofPhysiology, therefore, considersit a moral duty to supply for thestudent both classical physiologyand recent advances as well. Thiscan be done in part throughdidactic work, but there is ac-tually no substitute for labora-tory work. There is more thana little truth in the old adage,"You don't learn by listening;you learn by doing." During thepast year there was added to thelaboratory equipment expensiveapparatus for demonstratingmany phenomena of mammalian(including human) physiology,particularly of the cardiovascu-lar, respiratory and endocrinesystems. The laboratory curri-culum is designed to allow thestudent to inform himself on thephysiological behavior of thevarious organs and organ sys-tems of the body. He is intendedto learn as completely as is prac-tical the normal activities of themuscular, circulatory, respira-tory, endocrine, excretory, di-gestive, reproductive and nervoussystem from his own observa-tions, rather than by word ofmouth or textbook, although itis understood that discussionsand study supplement the labor-atory work.

As soon as a physician isgranted his degree, or with res-ervations, as soon as he startshis clinical work, he is a researchspecialist in the healing arts.Some may restrict the scope oftheir practice, but the samewould apply to general practi-tioner or specialist. He is de-pendent upon his own efforts todiagnose, and treat the illnessesthat come his way, and to keepabreast of the times in his var-ious fields of interest. Conse-quently, the department hastaken upon itself the task offamiliarizing the student withlibrary reference sources, biblio-graphic sources and their utiliza-tion and the use of current lit-erature. The cooperation of thestudents has been excellent. May

they avail themselves of libraryfacilities as assiduously after, asthey did before, their grades wererecorded!

During the past year there wasadded to the laboratory curricu-lum a set of nutritional or diet-etic experiments. The experi-ments consisted of the observa-tion of the effects of normal anddeficient diets with respect tocarbohydrates, fats, proteins,minerals and the several vitam-ins. White rats and guinea pigswere used in the experiments.

The second goal of the Depart-ment of Physiology is quite asimportant as the first, thoughperhaps more idealistic. It is thethesis of Osteopathy that a nor-mal, healthy body can fight itsown biological battles, and it isthe province of the osteopathicphysician to maintain the bodyin a normal physiological stateor to normalize the portion of thebody which may be temporarilycausing discord in the physiologi-cal harmony. In order to dothis, the osteopathic student mustavail himself of informationwhich came to him from anatom-ists, chemists, physiologists, path-ologists or other specialists whowere in no sense osteopathicphysicians or even osteopathic-ally-minded. It would thereforeseem to be the duty of the pro-fession of osteopathy to makecontributions to this communitychest of information from whichhe has drawn, unhampered, hismeans of livelihood. (We neitheroverlook nor disregard the manypractical contributions of Osteo-pathy by way of healing the sick.On the contrary, we are con-stantly amazed at the acuity ofthe osteopathic physician in re-cognizing, or even anticipating,the applicability of physiologicalfindings.) The average physician,medical or osteopathic, is in noposition to undertake original in-vestigation (Cf. Wiggers, Publi -cation No. 13, A.A.A.S.). To thisend many medical schools pro-vide such training for those whoare so inclined. It is our beliefthat there should also be pro-vided for the Des Moines StillCollege the necessary equipmentof apparatus and finance forthose of its graduates who wouldlike to carry on original work.However, we are under no de-lusion that this is within therealm of possibility for a self-sustaining institution. But it welldeserves the support of the alum-ni, either directly or throughfinancial assistance which theycan muster from interested laity.

At present the long-range pro-gram of the department includes(1) An investigation of the os-teopathic lesion, independentlyand in conjunction with the de-partments of Osteopathy andChemistry, from every point ofview subject to analysis; (2) In-dustrial significance of prophy-lactic osteopathic treatment; (3)An extensive library search todetermine where, and to whatextent, Osteopathy has achievedliterary priority in the field ofmedicine; and (4) Endocrines inembryonic development. .

-Hugh D. Clark, Ph. D.

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THE LOG BOOK

1 3^. e I?. P. O.i -- -------------- T--AAmendment to By-Laws

The House of Delegates of theSociety, at the convention onMay 7 and 8, amended the By-laws by repealing the first para-graph of section one (1) of Ar-ticle III and adopting in lieuthereof the following:

"The annual dues of this Society shall be $25.00 payable inadvance to the Treasurer on orbefore May 1, the beginning ofthe fiscal year. For each addi-tional member of an immediatefamily practicing together fromthe same office he or she mayreceive, concurrently, full mem-bership privileges in return foran additional payment of $12.50.Dues during the first year following graduation shall be $4.00,during the second year $8.00 andduring the third year $12.50."

The amendment was preparedand sponsored by the Board ofTrustees of the Society, was en-dorsed by the legislative sub-committee, and was unanimouslyadopted by the House of Delegates.Members of House of Delegates

The following members of theSociety were seated and servedas delegates in the House at therecent convention:

District I: Dale S. House,George C. Boston and D. H. Grau.

District II: Bernice DeConlyand N. D. Weir.

District III: I. S. Lodwick andJ. W. Rinabarger.

District IV: B. M. Gotshall, H.D. Meyer and J. R. Forbes.

District V: R. B. Gilmour andB. W. Jones.

District VI: Grace Nazarene,Rachel H. Woods, H. L. Gulden,N. A. Cunningham and E. F.Leininger.

Board of ExaminersThe Board of Trustees unani-

mously voted to recommend D.E. Hannan for reappointment by'Governor Wilson as a memberof the Iowa Board of OsteopathicExaminers.A. O. A. Convention-Delegates

And AlternatesDelegates selected to serve in

the House of Delegates at thecoming convention of the A. O.A. at Atlantic City, June 23 27,are: Holcomb Jordan, Mary E.Golden and S. H. Klein. Alter-nates selected are: O. EdwinOwen, Lydia T. Jordan and H.L. Gulden.

ExhibitorsThe following companies ex-

hibited at the convention: TheBovinine Company, Chicago, Ill.;Mellin's Food Co., Boston, Mass.;H. G. Fischer & Co., Chicago,Ill.; The Harrower Laboratory,Inc., Glendale, Calif.; C. B. FleetCo., Lynchburg, Va.; AnabolicFood Products, Inc., Glendale,Calif.; Therapeutic OscillatorCorp., West Des Moines, Ia.; M.H. -Newgard X Ray Co., DesMoines, Ia.; Standard ChemicalCo., Des Moines, Ia.; McIntoshElectrical Corp., Chicago, Ill.;The Surgical Supply Co., Omaha;

Nebr.: Physicians & HospitalsSupply Co., Minneapolis, Minn.;Ottawa General Hospital & Ar-thritis Sanatorium, Ottawa, Ill.;Catalyn Iowa Co., Des Moines,Ia. and Ortho Products, Omaha,Nebr.

A Quarter Century of OfficialService

R. B. Gilmour was extended aunanimous vote of thanks by theHouse of Delegates for his recordof twenty-five years of continuous official service to the osteo-pathic profession in Iowa.

Applications for MembershipThomas C. Mann, Estherville.Kenneth B. Riggle, Algona.John H. Fox, Kirksville, Mo.John Hirschman, Cherokee.Lester McNichols, Des Moines.Geo. Christopher Keays, Lenox.-Dwight S. James, Sec. Treas.

Pursuit for a Reason

The Sympathetic Nervous Sys-tem and the Chromaffin cells orsystem are, along with the Dorsal Root Ganglion, derived fromthe Neural Crest. Consequently,it is reasonable that the sym-pathetics and the adrenal glandshould function synergistically.The adrenal gland may in factbe looked upon as a sympatheticreservoir. If adrenolin is injectedinto a subject, sympathetic activ-ity is produced. If the Sympathetic nerves to the Adrenals arecut, then adrenalin liberation isinhibited.

Proper synergism between theSympathetics and the Adrenalgland is essential obviously forsympathetic reaction to the in-fections, trauma and trials oflife. Any factor that will disturbthis physiologic reaction may ser-iously impair or prohibit efficientresistance. Adrenalin producesan increase in blood pressure,pulse rate, increases vasomotortonicity, causes glycogenolysis inthe liver with the resultant hy-perglycemia and even glycosuria,increases the coagulability of theblood, and the cutaneous bloodvolume is diminished, reducingthe possibility of blood loss. TheGastro-intestinal tract is inhibit-ed by the diminution of bloodvolume.

The post ganglionic sympath-etic fibers that travel to the vis-ceral tissues and the pregang-lionic that go to the Adrenalglands pursue interesting courses.Embryologically these nervestravel the shortest and most direct route. In the state of com-plete fetal flexion the fiberstravel practically in a straightline ventrally. The more rapidgrowth of the somatic area andthe alteration in the position ofviscera in the adult necessitatesthe stretching of some nerves,and consequently in the adult theSympathetic and the whole Vege-tative outflow becomes a bit in.tricate. It is important to re-member that the heart and lungbuds form in the cervical areaand descend through the upperDorsal area. Naturally the heartand lungs derive innervationfrom the Lateral Chain Gangliain the cervical and upper dorsalareas. Reflex expression of true

pulmonary and cardiac diseasewill therefore be found in theCervical and Upper Dorsal Area.If the mesothelial investments ofthese structures are involved, theradiation will be less limited.

The parietal pleurae, for ex-ample, are innervated by alltwelve pairs of intercostal nerves.Parietal Pleuritic expression willoccur over the thoracic areathen, and will be segmentally expressed along the course or tra-jectory of the segments involved.Frequently in this expression thefew nerves traveling to the mus-cles, skin, etc., over the site ofpleurisy are not the only cellsand fibres that are involved andthe radiation may involve theentire spinal nerve. Consequent,ly, it is not unusual to find cu-taneous hyperesthesia, musclespasticity and pain at McBurney'sPoint in pleurisy. Patients withpleurisy and pneumonia havebeen operated for a supposed di-seased appendix due to this reflexarc expression. We tend, withtime, to become provincial andsymptomatically associate theappendix with McBurney's Pointpain. This in spite of the factthat the appendix is very fre-quently found up under the GallBladder, occasionally at the sple-nic flexure and has been foundincarcerated in left-sided, indirect, inguinal hernias. There aremore than fifteen involvementsother than appendiceal in originthat can produce pain at McBur-ney's Point. Drawing a diaphram between the symtoms of aThoracic disease and an abdom-inal one is sometimes difficult,and a pneumonia with pleurisyand referred pain, muscle spasti-city, etc., over the right 12thDorsal nerve can be very trouble:some. There will be McBurney'sPain, occasionally psoasitis, fever,leukocytosis, increase in poly'sand occasionally nausea andvomiting. Several old rules areof value. "Pain beginning atMcBurney's Point is rarely acuteappendicitis"; "When the Respir-atory rate equals or exceeds athird of the pulse rate look tothe chest." In general, we vis-ualize that all structures abovethe Diaphragm are innervatedfrom the 5th Thoracic segmentand those more cephalically located mostly 1 to 5 Thoracic.Exceptions will be mentionedlater.

The 5th to 9th Thoracic Seg-ments give white rami to the 5thto the 9th Dorsal Lateral ChainGanglia. From these ganglia thepost ganglionic visceral fibres aregrouped together to form a pairof nerves, the Greater Splanch-nic Nerves. The Greater Splanchnic Nerves pass from theThorax into the Abdomin andpass through the Semilunarganglia situated around the Coe-liac axis artery. The greaterSplanchnics carry a few whiterami from the Lateral Horn ofthe cord 5 to 9 Dorsals to theSemilunar ganglia for synapticrelationships. These have had noprevious ganglionic interruptions.Beyond the Semilunar gangliaall the sympathetic fibers are greypost ganglionic visceral fibers.

Corporate Meeting

The Annual Meeting of theCorporate Board was held in thecollege building on the eveningof June 10. The financial state-ment was presented to the Boardshowing the year's income anddisbursements. The Board ex-pressed its appreciation to theofficers of the college for thegratifying evidence of a success-ful and constructive year fromthe financial standpoint.

The President's Report was re-ceived with interest. He dis-cussed many of the college prob-lems, such as Alumni Develop-ment, Student Recruiting andEducational Standards. He toldof the new laboratory equipmentacquired during the year and es-pecially emphasized the great in-crease in the library of patholo-gical, histological and embryolo-gical microscopic slides.

Election of officers was heldresulting in the unanimous re-election of Dr. A. D. Becker asPresident, Mrs. K. M. Robinsonas Secretary and Dr. H. J. Mar-shall as Treasurer. The Boardof five trustees was re-elected,consisting of Dr. J. P. Schwartz,Dr. Robert Bachman, Dr. H. J.Marshall, Dr. Howard A. Graneyand Dr. J. P. Leonard. A specialmeeting of the Board of Trusteeswas held immediately after theannual meeting of the CorporateBoard and Dr. J. P. Schwartzwas re-elected to the office ofDean and Dr. O. E. Owen wasre elected to the office of As-sistant Dean.

It was the concensus of opin-ion that the year just passed wasin many ways a high mark inthe history of the institution. Itis confidently expected that thecollege program of progress anddevelopment will be successfullycontinued in the coming year.

They travel with the coeliac axisartery and its branches and sup-ply Sympathetic fibers to the ar-tery, its branches, and the tissuesderiving blood from those arter-ies.

Thus, the 5th to the 9th Dorsalsegments are related to the areafrom the Diaphragm to the Um-bilicus. Reflexes from this areaare expressed over the -thoracicarea, 5th to 9th, and over theabdominal wall to the umbilicus.There is a lapping over of re!-flexes from this area with theareas above and below. I wouldlike to call attention to the resi-dual restriction in rib and verte-bral mobility following an acuteexpression of visceral involve-ment. It is only to be expectedthat this lack of mobility im-pedes venous and lymphatic re-turn and can therefore maintainsymtoms, favor chronicity, andpredispose to recurrence of vis-ceral involvement. The pathologyinduced by such expression in thesomatic area of course predis-poses to the myositic and arthri-tic changes that are found in al-most every spinal area.

-Byron E. Laycock, D. O.Dept. of Osteopathic Principles

.

--- THE

LOG B IOOK 1Accepted for mailing at

special rates of postageprovided for in Section1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOI NES ST1 Li. COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 AUGUST 15, 1941 NUMBER 8

The DifferentiationOf Upper and LowerMotor Neuron Lesions

It is because the general prac-titioner over a period of yearssees a great many cases of aneurological nature that I de-cided that an article of this na-ture would be helpful to thephysician who does not limithimself to any one special fieldof practice.

A differentiation of upper andlower motor neuron lesionsshould always precede any dis-cussions of diseases of the brainand spinal cord.

An upper motor neuron is anerve cell that gives off an axonthat passes from the cortex inthe pre-rolandic area of thebrain to erd around cells in thecranial motor nuclei or cells inthe anterior horn of the graymatter of the spinal cord. Theyare purely voluntary cells andtheir fibers make up the cortico-bulbar and cortico-spinal tracts.Neurons in the extra-cortico-spinal tracts are not a part ofthis system; therefore, no dis-cussion of them will be under-taken at this time.

Over these upper motor neu-rons pass voluntary impulses thatproduce certain purposeful move-ments which have been graduallydeveloped over a long period oftime. Impulses that inhibit theaction of the lower motor neu-rons also, pass over these fibers,and they apparently have aslight governing effect on thenutrition of the muscles.

A lesion of the upper motorneuron produces certain signsand symptoms, depending uponwhat part of the upper motorneuron system is involved. If itbe the cortico-bulbar part thenvarious symptoms indicative ofmalfunction of certain of themotor cranial nerves would bepresent. If it is the cortico-spinal tract then there would beinterference with the action ofthe arm or leg on the oppositeside if above the motor decus-sation, and if both the bulbarand spinal portions are affected,then symptoms indicating suchdisturbance would be present.

The typical symptoms are hy-pertonia, (spasticity), incompleteloss of power, with only slightatrophy; increased reflexes; nomuscle fibrillation and only mildvasomotor changes; negative re-action of degeneration; and cer-

(Continued on Page 4)

Osteopathic Educational Programs and TrainingGiven Official Recognition

Matters of supreme importance and compelling interest to theentire osteopathic profession and their many patients and friendshave materialized in the past few weeks in the official recognitionof osteopathic education and of the service of osteopathic physiciansand surgeons to the public.

Deferment of Osteopathic Students and PhysiciansA memorandum has been sent out from the National Head-

quarters of the Selective Service System indicating that occupation-al deferment for students and other necessary men in certain spe-cialized professional fields may be extended by the agencies of theSelective Service System to include students of osteopathy andosteopathic physicians.

This, it seems to us, is a recognition of the highest order of thefact that the osteopathic profession has a contribution to makein the health, safety, and interest of the American people whichdeserves to be insured against any factors which might impair itsvalue. The entire osteopathic profession has gone on record inwlolehearted support of the defense program and this ruling ofthe National Headquarters of the Selective Service System is anevidence of their full appreciation of the useful and worthwhileservice of our profession.

Osteopathic Physicians Recognized By United States CongressA further matter of great importance and interest to the entire

osteopathic profession was the recognition of the integrity ofosteopathic educational programs by the United States Congress.In the Military Establishment Appropriations Bill of 1942 whichpassed Congress and was signed by the President, there is authori-zation for the army to employ graduates of medical or osteopathicschools for army interne training at not to exceed $720 a yeareach. Here, again, is the evidence on the part of the United StatesCongress of their appreciation of the valuable service availablethrough osteopathic channels, not only to the civil population butfn tfln r-icnh^l an con^3:1dir c in ; rr "17\ IVnonit-nlo

These two acts of official recognition are indicative of therapid strides osteopathy as a profession is making in official circlesas well as in public consciousness. They come as the result ofmany years of serious effort and planning on the part of osteopathiceducators and osteopathic officials. Des Moines Still College ofOsteopathy, along with all the recognized colleges of osteopathy,will continue to be alert to increasingly deserve these tributes toosteopathic progress.

Annual Homecoming October 17

Conferences between alumni and college officials have set thedate for the Annual Homecoming of Des Moines Still College ofOsteopathy as October 17. Experience of the past two years hasmade everyone connected with this Homecoming Day enthusiasticfor its repetition. Members of our large alumni groups shouldbegin planning now to take advantage of this annual get-togetherfor the renewal of friendship, for a visitation and inspection of thecollege, and for a royal good time-A feast of reason and a flowof soul.

In a letter to our State Alumni Chairman, Dr. Paul Park, ourNational Alumni President, Dr. Frank F. Jones of Macon, Georgia,has assured us of his attendance. We plan to make full use ofDr. Jones' time and ability. There will be a general assembly at10:30 in the morning at the college auditorium, an afternoon ofscientific program, and a banquet, entertainment and dancing partyin the evening. A more detailed report of the program will beavailable for the next issue of the Log Book.

Join the gang! Renew and revitalize your acquaintance withthe progress being made throughout your college. We anticipatea bang-up good time and we do not want any of our membersto miss out.

Pursuit for a Reason"The pathology induced by de-

creased mobility, impaired ven-ous and lymphatic return in thesomatic area, of course predis-poses to the myositic and arth-ritic changes that are found inalmost every spinal area." Thisfinal remark of the previousportion of this paper is of coursenot to be interpreted to meanthat in every part of every spinesuch changes are found. It doesmean, however, that by the timewe reach maturity most of ushave at least one or more (usu-ally more) segments involved inthis chronic pathology.

It was the effect of this chronicfibrosis, low grade arthritic andmyositic involvement that Beadleand Schmorl noted to be so In-explicably frequent in their un-usual spinal research. They re-marked that frequently in youngspines there occurred areaswhose discs and periarticular tis-sues could not be differentiatedhistologically from those ordin-arily found in spines of the upperage brackets from 60 years onward. Beadle and Schmorl won-dered what local inflammatoryprocess could produce so fre-quently these definite changesand suggested research measures

ha I -I in c i 4 fr+ r% h,

cause. Of course, it was estab-lished years and years beforeBeadle and Schmorl started theirwork that these spinal changesare the evidence of chronic Os-teopathic lesion pathology.

These lesions are etiologicallyrelated to either primary orsecondary factors and it is notpossible to detect histologically,pathologically or symptomatical-ly in most instances whether thelocal involvement is primary orsecondary in the living, and nomore easily at the autopsy table.It is deplorable that such a massof research has been illy spentupon effect and none paid to thecause. What a wealth of in-formation could have been pro-duced if the viscera related tothose spinal segments had beenexamined in every way possibleduring the routine autopsies.Certainly, many contributingcauses of death and debilityhitherto unsuspected by the or-dinary medical profession wouldhave been discovered.

While we are in the mid-dorsalarea it is necessary to rememberthat at least 50% of the lesionsencountered are secondary due

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Entered as second classmatter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at DesMoines, Iowa, under theact of August 24th, 1912.

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THE LOG BOOK

Pursuit for a Reason

(Continued From Page One)

to compensation, and possiblyanother 45% due to reflex arcdisturbance or so-called symp-tom expression. Many or evenmost of the compensation lesionsmay have accentuated somaticand visceral effect due to viscero-somatic reflex disturbance. Thecompensation factor must be re-moved before there can be anypossible permanency in lesioncorrection. We should printthat on our charts.

The 5th to the 9th Thoracicsegments are related to the 5thto 9th intercostal areas, the ab-dominal wall to the umbilicusand the contents beneath thiswall--roughly. This spinal areaviscerally contributes nerve sup-ply to the parietal and diaphrag-matic pleurae, diaphragm, diaph-ragmatic peritoneum, liver, gall-bladder, bile ducts, Sphincter ofOddi, stomach and its sphincters,pancreas, upper duodenum,spleen, adrenal glands, somefibers to kidneys, and the peri-toneum reflected over thesestructures. Any factor, physiolo-gical or pathological, causing anincreased number of impulsesalong these sympathetic fiberswill cause vaso-constriction, dim-inution of blood volume throughthose tissues, constriction of thesphincters, relaxation of thewalls, decreased secretion, de-creased nutrition, decreasedfunction to any one or severalof the structures named. Theonly exception being one thatheightens these effects and thatbeing the increased impulses tothe adrenals resulting in an ac-centuated sympathetic effect.

Maintained sympathetic stimu-lation established the vegetativeimbalance and physiological dis-cord that invariably precedes andpredisposes to, if not actuallycausing definite pathologicchanges; though this in time willbe definitely accomplished.

The effect of an increased ten-sion of somatic tissues and thecoincident inflammatory reac-tion, the induced segmental hy-perirritability and maintainedbombardment of and by the Sym-pathetics is of course one of themost serious and ubiquitous eti-ologic factors. Another factorworthy of thought is the generalor systemic impairment to nu-trition, metabolism or the de-fense mechanism occasioned byperverted reflex arc control ofstructures vital to those proces-ses. The essential splenic activ-ity in infections taken for ex-ample. The reticulo-endothelialtissue in the spleen, cannot func-tion normally in an infectiondue to the disturbance to thevasomotor supply to the Lienalartery and the supply to thesmooth muscle in the spleen.Then it is very obvious that amid-dorsal lesion can have an in-hibiting effect upon a defensivemechanism essential for life tocontinue. The same lesion areamay pervert the blood supply

Des Moines Still College Building.

and splanchnic nerve supply tothe liver or kidneys and impairthe function of those structures.In an infection, or a disease ofthose structures themselves, thislesion effect may be ominousand even fatal in effect. Hence,my frequently reiterated state-ment, "Every patient needs sometype of Osteopathic ManipulativeTherapy." This does not implyat all, that that treatment beone of force or rolling the bonesand hoping that they'll comehome.

Lesion pathology is also pro-duced in the somatic area intowhich symtoms are expressed bythe very reflex arc disturbanceand segmental hyperirritabilitythat is the mechanism of symp-tom expression. The pathologymay have already been present,instituted by some early traumaor compensation factor. Regard-less of how or when the lesionpathology developed, its allevia-tion through manipulative treat-ment to prevent the detrimentaleffect of the lesion reflexly uponthose structures vital to the re-covery and life of the patient isabsolutely necessary. To neglectthis is to deprive the patient ofthe full force of the hand oftherapy and the strongest fin-gers on that hand in particular.

In this regard the mid-dorsalarea must never be overlookedfor the liver, spleen and adren-als so very important in reactionto in cections and trauma relatedto this spinal area.

It is the current opinion thata patient confined to bed with

any infection or toxemia shouldreceive at least three mild andshort manipulative treatments ineach twenty-four hours. Insome institutions and in someconditions this routine is in-creased, sometimes markedly.Occasionally there are contra-indications to some types ofmanipulation that are just asstringent as are the indicationsin the other and usual instances.

We have the facilities in ourstructure to produce the anti-bodies necessary to overcomeany of our infections that stimu-late our reticulo-endothelial tis-sues, but we can only accomplishthis to greatest efficiency whenunencumbered by the detrimen-tal effects of lesion pathology.We have the power in our handsto remove that pathology andwe should never deprive any pa-tient of proper treatment.

-Byron E. Laycock, D. 0.

VACATIONS

Mrs. K. M. Robinson, our ef-ficient secretary, left August 10for a two-weeks' well earned va-cation. She plans to visit in Du-luth, Minnesota and nearbypoints.

Dr. O. Edwin Owen, assistantdean of the college, is spendinghis vacation on a motor trip toGlacier National Park. He plansto go to Banff and Lake Louiseif his time permits.

Dr. and Mrs. Laycock arespending their vacation on a mo-tor trip. Their destination was

Addition to ObstetricalStaff

The college is pleased to an-nounce that Dr. John M. Woods

Dr. John M. Woods

has accepted the position as lec-turer in the Department of Ob-stetrics. Dr. Woods has formany years been associated withthe faculty group of the collegeand has a reputation as a teacherand instructor that has given hima high place in osteopathic edu-cational circles. He has beenmuch in demand on conventionprograms and has the happyfaculty of organization in hiswork so that his presentationsare of greatest value to studentgroups. Dr. Woods brings to thisdepartment more than 18 yearsexperience in the practical fieldof Obstetrics and we feel fortu-nate in the opportunity to capi-talize this fine background. TheObstetrical Department in DesMoines Still College of Osteo-pathy is a very large and im-portant one and is the result ofmore than 25 years of careful,conscientious and constructiveendeavor.

Dr. Leininger to JoinHospital Staff

Dr. E. F. Leininger has re-signed his position with the col-lege and has become affiliatedas a member of the staff of DesMoines General Hospital. He isto be associated with the workin the Surgical Department. Dr.Leininger for the past threeyears has been an active mem-ber of the college faculty andhas made a contribution of highcharacter in his work here. Oursincere best wishes go with himfor continued success in his newassociation.

somewhat indefinite, but theyplanned to visit various places inNorthern Minnesota.

Dr. and Mrs. Arthur D. Beckerreturned from their vacation onAugust 1st, reporting that theyhad had a fine rest after a some-what strenuous year. Dr. Beckeris sporting a fine coat of tan andstates that the sun shines brighton the golf courses in Michigan.

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7

THE LOG' BOOK

The Log BookThe Official Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor ---...----- Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor --..-......... ..Robt. Drew

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Osteopathic Therapeutics

TREATMENT(Number 31 in Series)

Perhaps one of the most pro-found observations and state-ments of Dr. A. T. Still was hisrecognition of the self-sufficiencyof the animal organism. Thebody contains within itself thenecessary substances and powersto function adequately undernormal conditions and to insti-gate and effect repairs. Thebody contains within itself thecapacity to combat infections, ashas been explained in detail inthe articles under the heading,"Pursuit For a Reason," whichhave been running in the LogBook as presented by Dr. ByronE. Laycock.

There is contained within thecells and tissues of the body aninherited rhythm of functionwhich tends to persist and inwhich there is evidenced a re-sourcefulness of functional ca-pacity over and above the aver-age requirements. These import-ant and far-reaching considera-tions are the factors which giverise to the statement, "We tendto the normal"-a statementthat has been so many times re-peated that it has become almosttrite. Given the requirements ofadequate and suitable food, oxy-gen, fluid intake, suitable tem-peratures, exercise, and light, ahealthy condition is normal.Health is automatic.

Departures from the healthfulcondition of the animal bodyimply that there is a biologicaldiscord which prevents the nor-mal functioning capacity of theorganism and lessens the inher-ent resourcefulness of cells, tis-sues and organs in making anoptimum response to the prob-lems presenting. This disturbinginfluence may be found in someof the requirements as designat-ed above, Osteopathy's profoundand far-reaching contribution totherapeutics lies in the discoveryof the fact that structural perver-sion which has been designa;edas "osteopathic lesion pathology'iis a common and a most import-ant cause of disturbed functionIcapacity and lessened resource-fulness of those cells, tissues andorgans anatomically and physi-ologically associated with suchlesion pathology.

Cells, tissues and organs areinterdependent. Through themechanism of the nervous sys-tem and the circulatory systemthey are normally, constantly

Des Moines General Hospital.

and intimately aware (if we maybe pardoned for using the ex-pression) of the activities anddemands of other cells, tissuesand organs. Normally there isa fine, controlled and balancedfunctional reaction between var-ious parts of the body mechan-ism. This finely adjusted bal-ance, this ready and adequateresponse, this action and inter-action between cells, tissues andorgans is the answer in the nor-mal, healthful functioning of thebody mechanism and is an es-sential part of optimum, normal,healthful functioning capacityand adequate resourcefulness.

It is not the plan or the inten-tion here to include a discussionof the pathology of the osteo-pathic lesion or of the exactlysimilar pathology of tissueswhose innervation is anatomical-ly and physiologically associatedwith the osteopathic lesion area.Researchers have shown beyondquestion that a constant andprofoundly-disturbing factor insuch lesion pathology is a chem-ical change in the tissue fluidsin which there is a definite low-ering of alkalinity. This disturb-ance in the hydrogen ion con-centration has been referred toas a localized relative acidosis.Such chemical change is a pro-foundly disturbing mechanisminducing edema and profound al-terations in cellular and tissuefunctioning capacity. This chem-ical change in tissues is closelyassociated with a loss of integrityof the vascular tissues predicatedupon the disturbed functioningcapacity of the vasomotor inner-vation.

The ultimate, fundamental andbasic objective in effective treat-ment to be of real therapeuticvalue must consist, first, in re-storation of the normal alkalinebalance in the involved tissues.Osteopathic treatment meets this

need. The restoration of anato-mical integrity in the area oflesion pathology, which includesarticular normalizations, is im-portant and necessary, but is in-cidental. It is the means bywhich we accomplish a normali-zation of tissue chemistry. Themethods of osteopathic treatmentare mechanical in application.The objectives of osteopathictreatment are primarily and es-sentially and basically chemical.

A. D. B., D. O.

Osteopathic Opportunity

Applications for the Septemberclass indicate that we will havea fine class of new students as-sociated with the college thisfall. These applications havecome from widely - scatteredparts of the country and includemany with qualifications far inexcess of those required. Ournne large class of 50 graduatinglast May leaves a large gap, andit is important that these num-bers be replaced if we are toeffectually maintain adequatestudent man-power and make itpossible for us to capitalize ourabundant clinical opportunities.

There has never been a bettertime for qualified young men andwomen to begin their profession-al training than at this time. Al-most daily in our mail we haverequests telling of the need anddesire for competent osteopathicphysicians and surgeons. Thepublic is increasingly aware ofthe high type of service madepossible by members of our pro-fession. To those to whom thework of a physician and surgeonhas an appeal and who arelooking for an opportunity ofservice second to none, we rec-ommend the careful considera-tion and evaluation of opportuni-ties offered in an uncrowded andgrowing profession.

Births

To Dr. and Mrs. W. C. An-dreen of Wyandotte, Michigan adaughter, Judy Lou, on July 10.

To Mr. and Mrs. A. J. David-son of Detroit, a son, ArthurJohn III on August 1st. Mrs.Davidson was formerly MargaretWoofenden, daughter of Dr. andMrs. Lloyd Woofenden of De-troit.

To Dr. and Mrs. Hugh Clarkof Des Moines, a baby girl,Nancy Jane, on July 23.

To Dr. and Mrs. R. Dale Ben-nett of Williamsburg, Virginia,a son, Richard Dale, on July 30.

To Dr. and Mrs. B. A. Storeyof Thornton, Iowa, a daughter,Sue Bennett, on August 7.

"God grants liberty only tothose who love it, and are al-ways ready to guard and defendit," said Daniel Webster. Free-dom of choice of physician is in-cluded in that broad term, LIB-ERTY, and any health programdevised by government shouldembody this fundamental con-cept.

Osteopathic Health

The health of our people isreally the foundation upon whichall their happiness and all theirpowers as a state depend.--Disraeli.

-Osteopathic Health

Osteopathy may be the meansof solving most lame back prob-lems. For years osteopathic phy-sicians have been relieving back-ache by skillfully executed mani-pulative procedures aimed atrestoring normal body mechanics.

Osteopathic Health

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Do- - ---- ? .... JI ..............

THE LOG BOOK

I 3. . p .v. I

Board of TrusteesThe second meeting of the

Board of Trustees for the presentfiscal year was held at the Sav-ery Hotel, Des Moines, on Sun-day, August 10. Many importantproblems confronting the profes-sion were considered and deter-mined.

NebraskaYour Society secretary-attor-

ney was the principal speaker ata special meeting of the Ne-braska Osteopathic Associationheld at Central City, Nebraska,on Sunday, July 20, 1941.

The Nebraska association vot-ed unanimously to adopt theIowa plan of employing a laysecretary-attorney at that meet-ing. Applications for the posi-tion are now being considered bythe association's officials.

Attorney General's OpinionOn July 3, 1941, the Iowa At-

torney General issued an opin-ion holding that osteopathic phy-sicians have the legal right torefract eyes.

Dr. S. H. Klein, Chairman ofthe Legislative Committee hasmailed a copy of the opinion to allosteopathic practitioners in Iowa.Additional copies will be mailedupon request.

Membership CommitteeDr. H. L. Gulden, Chairman of

your Membership Committee, ismaking plans for a state-widemembership drive. He urges allthose who have not paid thisyear's dues to do so at once,thereby eliminating solicitationby the membership team assign-ed to your particular area.

Department of ProfessionalAffairs

Dr. J. K. Johnson, Jr., Chair-man of your Department of Pro-fessional Affairs, is hereby en-gaged in stimulating his commit-tee chairmen into constructionaction. Each such chairman ispresenting a comprehensive co-ordination. Committee meetingswill then be held with Dr. John-son and the respective plans setin motion.

District MeetingsPlans and preparations for the

October District Circuit meetingsare now being developed by Pres-ident Jordan.

Board of ExaminersDr. D. E. Hannan of Perry,

Ia., has been reappointed byGovernor George A. Wilson to athree year term as a memberof the Iowa Board of OsteopathicExaminers.

Membership ApplicationDr. McVerhey, Pella, Iowa.

-Dwight S. James, Sec.-Treas.

We were pleased to have Dr.and Mrs. Harry E. Skinner ofDetroit stop at the college onJuly 25 on their way to Yellow-stone National Park.

Dr. Walter S. Maddux of theclass of January, 1902 died onJune 19, 1941 at his home inPueblo, Colorado. Dr. Madduxhas been in poor health for anumber of years past.

The DifferentiationOf Upper and LowerMotor Neuron Lesions

(Continued from Page One)

tain pathological reflexes ofwhich Babinski's toe sign is themost characteristic.

The most common causes ofsuch a condition are cerebralvascular accidents; as' in apo-plexy; and may be due to hemor-rhage, thrombosis or embolism.These conditions may occur whenthe blood pressure reading isnormal. Therefore, do not let anormal blood pressure readingmislead you.

The lower motor neuron con-sists of a cell located in a nuclearmass of a cranial nerve or in theanterior horn of the gray matterof the spinal cord and its axonwhich passes to voluntary mus-cle.

It serves as the final commonpath for all impulses comingfrom the higher centers andfrom the peripheral parts of thebody. This cell not only excitesmuscle fibers to reflex, volun-tary, and postural or tensioncontraction, but also exerts atrophic influence upon musclefibers. Destruction of the cran-ial nuclear cells or anterior horncells causes flaccid paralysis ofthe muscles that they supply.The muscles rapidly undergo at-rophy and are replaced by con-nective tissue. Since the cranialnuclear cell or the anterior horncell is the motor part of the re-flex arc, diminution or loss of thedeep and tonus reflexes followsdisease or destruction of this cell.

The outstanding symptoms ofthe lower motor lesion are flaccidparalysis with complete loss ofpower limited to certain seg-ments; marked atrophy with di-minished' or absence of reflexes;muscle fibrillation is often pres-ent and vasomotor phenomenamay be marked; and partial orcomplete reaction of degenera-tion in the involved muscles.

In the discussion of the diag-nosis of a lower motor lesion,involvement of the nerve, orprimary changes in the muscula-ture may have to be differenti-ated. It should not be confusingif we remember that in a typi-cal lower motor neuron lesiononly the muscles supplied by thecells in the anterior horn areinvolved, whereas in neuritis thesensory fibers as well as the mo-tor fibers are affected. In theprimary myopathies the atrophyis usually bilateral; the deep re-flexes gradually grow weakerand are ultimately lost. As thedisease progresses, quantitativeelectrical disturbances appear;but as long as there are anymuscle fibers left an electricalresponse can be elicited.

The most common cause oflower motor lesions in the spinalcord is anterior poliomyelitis andfor those of the cranial nerves,vascular accidents. Other causessuch as tumors, toxic poisoning,and sclerosis occur less frequent-ly.

It is fairly common to have anupper motor and a lower motorlesion present at the same timewhen a vascular accident occurs.Paralysis of the third, or seventhcranial nerve as a lower motoron one side with the paralysis ofthe arm and leg on the oppositeside as a typical upper motorneuron lesion are the most fre-quent.

One of the. most difficult les-ions to differentiate for the av-erage physician is that involvingthe seventh cranial nerve. Is itan upper motor or lower motor?It simplifies it if you recall thatthe upper part of the face isbilaterally innervated while thelower part is not supplied in alike manner. In a supranuclearor upper motor lesion the upperpart of the face is not complete-ly paralyzed, although the mus-culature is weakened, so the pa-tient can close the eye on theaffected side. When the lowermotor lesion is present the pa-tient cannot close the eye orwrinkle the forehead on the in-volved side. Another point oftenoverlooked is that in an uppermotor lesion stimulation throughthe emotional centers, such aslaughing, will cause the musclesof the lower part of the face onthe paralyzed side to contractwhich is not true in the case ofa lower motor lesion.

-L. L. Facto, D. O.

Looking Around

As is quite usual during thesummer months, the college of-ficials take the opportunity tocarefully go over the collegebuilding and equipment to seethat everything is in good orderfor the coming year. This sum-mer rather extensive activitiesare underway in refinishing sev-eral of the larger laboratories.The Dissecting Room has beenentirely redecorated and put infirst-class condition as the resultof a paint job and the refinishingof all of the equipment. ThePreparation Room as a part ofthe anatomical laboratory hasalso come in for its share of therenewal process. A generoussupply of dissecting material hasbeen received during the summerand this important department isalready to step into full swingwith the beginning of the collegeyear. The large chemical labor-atory is resplendent in a newcoat of paint and the refinishingof desks, benches and stands.This laboratory is a very largeand commodious one and is abusy place throughout the schoolyear.

Particular interest has attach-ed this summer to the variousclinics associated with the col-lege. We have been agreeablysurprised at the large number ofpatients available in all the var-ious clinics, and were more thanfortunate in the fact that anunusually large number of stu-dents elected to remain for clinicwork during the summer. TheGeneral Clinic has been heavierthan for many years previousand has been limited only by the

amount of student man-poweravailable to take care of thenumber of patients seeking treat-ment and care. The SpecialtyClinics have also been large dur-ing the summer and we havegone out of our way to makethese specialized services avail-able to the clinic patients.

Of outstanding interest hasbeen the Obstetrical Clinic. Heretoo, in keeping with the otherclinic services in the college, wehave had a very busy summer.This clinic has at times seriouslytaxed the entire resources of thestudent groups available for thiswork.

There has always been somediscussion as to whether or notit is advisable to maintain theclinic throughout the summermonths, and it has been sug-gested at various times that per-haps it would be wise to discon-tinue the clinic for the summer.Our policy, however, has beenalong quite opposite lines. Wehave felt that it is wise and ofadvantage to maintain the var-ious clinics throughout the sum-mer months without interrup-tion. There are several reasonsfor this opinion.

First, it is of great value tothe hundreds of patients whoneed the services of the clinic.The Des Moines Still Collegeclinic in its various services anddepartments supplies a vital needand demand for the large, andworthwhile group of people whotake advantage of its many ser-vices.

Secondly, it gives an oppor-tunity for those students whowould like to take advantage oftheir summer vacation to workoff a portion of their clinicalservices.

And, third, it preserves the in-tegrity of the clinic as such sothat with the opening of the newcollege year all of the variousclinical services-general clinics,specialty clinics and obstetricalclinics-are in full swing andwell organized. In this waythere is no delay in starting offthe new year's work with anabundance of clinical patients.For these several reasons it hasseemed best to maintain our clin-ics throughout the summermonths.

The Laboratory in Microtech-nic maintained during the pastfive years in its new location andits enlarged capacity has provedto be a very valuable additionto the college. Full sets of mic-roscopic slides in histological,pathological and embryologicaldepartments have been preparedand are available as loan libra-ries to the students working inthese several departments. Wewere ourselves somewhat amazedto find on careful and conserva-tive inventory that the totalvalue of these mounted slideswas in excess of $11,000 as gaug-ed by current wholesale pricesfor the same material. This col-lection of mounted slides is anasset of great value to the insti-tution and serves a useful pur-pose to all students who are do-ing any work whatever in themicroscopy laboratories.

__I II II

- Entered as second classmatter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at Des-Moines, Iowa, under theact of August 24th, 1912.

- -T ' ..THE

I LOG BOOK4~~~~~~~~~~~· ~~ HG

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 SEPTEMBER, 15, 1941 NUMBER 9

Embryology

Organization »,nd Competence inEmbryonic Development

Baldly defined, embryology isthe study of the development ofan individual from the origin ofthe germ cells to adulthood. Themost significant elements of thedefinition are contained in theconnotations of "individual" and"development."

From the instant when spermand egg unite there occurs aceaseless series of changes:growth, cell division and differen-tiation until the body assumesits final form. Through millionsof years of experimentation na-ture has produced a coordinatedseries of chemical reactions, be-ginning with fertilization andcontinuing throughout embryonichistory, which is constant Onlyrarely are innovations in the de-velopmental pattern permitted,and when they occur the varia-tions from the standard must beslight, else the embryo cannotcontinue its development. Byand large, it is these slight devi-ations which have produced thediversity of animal life; it is thesameness which guarantees thatlife will persist.

In spite of a universal com-munity of plan which necessitatesthat the union of human egg andsperm will become a humanadult, each zygote possesses anindividuality from the first. Assoon as the sperm has made itshereditary contribution to theegg the fate of individuality isirrevocably sealed. The new in-dividual and its developmentalprocesses will be a composite ofits ancestors, even back to thefirst bit of protoplasm on earth.Each individual is the same asevery other to the point beyondwhich difference would causedeath; each one is different fromall others to the extent of theheterogeneity of its ancestry.

At all times during the embry-onic transformations there is anindissoluble interdependence be-tween form and function whichis retained throughout life. Em-bryonic anatomy and physiologyare no more discrete than thesame phases of the adult. It isnot possible, therefore, to con-ceive of embryology as a series ofanatomical stages for such a con-cept closes to the mind the moredynamic phases of the science.Details of descriptive embryologyare still being added to the litera-ture, but recently more attentionhas been paid to the functionalaspects of development..

This viewpoint may quite prop-erly be said to date from thework of Wilhelm Roux, whose

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Osteopathy Given Primacy

The business of an osteopathic educational institution is to pre-pare qualified students to become competent osteopathic physiciansand surgeons. It is needless here to discuss the rapid and compre-hensive strides that osteopathic education has made in the yearssince the first osteopathic college was opened. Today, osteopathiceducational programs are at a high peak, and this prominence hasbeen obtained as the result of much thought and the expenditureof tireless energy by many gifted individuals in our profession.

Here in Des Moines Still College of Osteopathy we feel that itis vitally important that the Department of Osteopathy, as such,shall be maintained in its rightful prominence in the curriculum.It seems entirely obvious that an osteopathic college should giveosteopathic principles, osteopathic diagnosis and osteopathic treat-ment the first place in consideration. We believe that we are do-ing just that. While we speak of the Department of Osteopathy,as a matter of fact it is not possible to contain osteopathic instruc-tion in any one department. We believe that the golden thread ofosteopathic thinking and of osteopathic application must runthrough each department and in all discussions, from the basicsciences to the last clinical application. If students are to becomecompetent osteopathic physicians and surgeons, we feel that it isnecessary to present the suggestion not only in the Department ofOsteopathy as such, but from every logical angle in each of themany departments of the curriculum.

During the freshman year a series of lectures are given onthe History of Osteopathy. During the sophomore year the stu-dents are given a course of 90 hours on Osteopathic Principles. Itis this course that furnishes the background for osteopathic think-ing and osteopathic reasoning. It is in this course that the scien-tific background for osteopathic understanding and osteopathic rea-soning is laid. It is here that the known and accepted facts in thebasic sciences of Anatomy, Physiology, Pathology and Chemistryare interpreted and applied in the light of osteopathic discoveries.

During this same sophomore year a course in OsteopathicTechnic of 90 hours is given, with lectures, quizzes, demonstrationsand actual practice in application. This course of OsteopathicTechnic I, as we designate it, is particularly designed to enable thestudent to become familiar with the diagnostic methods requiredfor the detection of osteopathic lesions.

In the junior year an advance course in Osteopathic Technicis given, with particular emphasis upon the mechanics and meth-ods of lesion correction. This course is given in lectures, demon-strations and actual practice in technic manipulative procedures.This work in osteopathic corrective technic is given in small groupsand under careful and personal supervision of competent instruct-ors, and comprises 126 hours.

After having become intimately acquainted with the osteo-pathic principles and osteopathic technic, the students then in thelast half of the junior year and throughout the senior year go intothe clinic where their knowledge is put into practical applicationon the many patients available. Emphasis is continually placedupon the discovery, evaluation and normalization of osteopathiclesions in each case. This work is guided and checked by compe-tent staff physicians and the results of correction of lesions arecarefully noted and recorded.

During the last semester of the sen'or year a course in Osteo-pathic Technic III is presented. This course is planned to servethe purpose of a clearing house for the technical problems whichthe students may have encountered and which up to this time havenot been fully clarified or solved. This course in Technic III con-sists of 36 hours entirely devoted to practical technic.

We are rightfully proud of our method of presentation of thepeculiarly osteopath;i side of therapeutics. It has reached itspresent state of prominence as the result of experience, and thereseems to be every reason to believe that it is a carefully-contrived,comp ehensive and effective plan of instilling into the students'minds the principles and the mechanisms of the osteopathic con-cept.

Pursuit for a Reason

The Thoracic area of the spineand ribs house most of our vitalorgans. Of as much or moreimportance, is the Thoracic ori-gin of the Thoraco-lumbaroutflow or the SympatheticNervous System. Spinal lesionsfrom the 1st Dorsal to the 1stLumbar vertebral segments canproduce somatico-visceral reflexare effect in practically anystructure of the body, and defi-nitely and quickly in any havingSympathetic nerves traveling toit or to its blood vessels. Thislist is, of course, fairly com-plete.

The effect may be one of veg-etative imbalance-sympatheticstimulation or inhibition, pro-longed to a pathologic state. Itis usually a matter of sympa-thetic stimulation, however. Themechanism of the production ofthis imbalance will be discussedlater from the standpoint ofphysiology of nerve tissue, andfrom the biochemical aspectfollowing that. ,

In visualizing Sympathetic ef-fect upon a structure or deter-mining what symptoms or signsare due to sympathetic stimula-tion or inhibition, it is well toobserve in a general way Sym-pathetic stimulation, Sympa-theticotonia and Parasympa-theticontonia or Vagotonia.

We can visualize in ourselvesduring our, of course, few peri-ods of anger, or in any otheranimal that is aroused, the effecton the organism of generalsympathetic stimulation.

Sympathetic stimulation caus-es dilation of the pupils by con-tracting the radiating fibers ofthe pupil the Dilator pupillaemuscle, making the eye morereceptive to light. An exoph-thalmos is induced by sympa-thetic stimulation to the muscleof Muller bridging over the in-ferior orbital fissure. The pilo-motor muscles contract causingthe hair to "stand on end" and"gooseflesh." The erect hairgives a thicker pad of hair andair for protection against coldweather and trauma. It, alongwith the exophthalmos, makesthe organism appear larger andmore ferocious. The somaticmusculature is increased in toni-city, preparing the animal forfight or flight. The tensed mus-cle tissue gives a protectivearmor plate and this along withconstriction of the cutaneousblood vessels reduces the possi-bility of trauma and blood loss.There is also an increase in thecoagulability of the blood. All

(Continued on Page Two)

I

Accepted for mailing atspecial rates of postageprovided for in Section1103, Act- of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

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I I

THE LOG BOOK

Embryology(Continued From Page One)

curiosity regarding the causes ofdevelopment (Entwicklungsme-mechanik) began the new scienceof experimental embryology.Among the many important dis-coveries in this field which havecome from the laboratories ofAmerica, England and Germany

Hugh D. Clark, M. S. Ph. D.

probably none is more significantthan the concept of the organ-izer. For his contributions to thesubject of organizer activity HansSpemann was recently awardedthe Noble Prize of Medicine.

The precise chemical identityof organizer substances is a con-troversial subject, but workersare apreed that nreonnizrs acftix7it7is essentially analogous to aseries of chemical reactions. Themaster organizer, appearing earlyin development, governs the for-mation of the germ layers. Inso doing, it has consequently im-mutably decreed which tissuesshall become digestive and re-spiratory systems (entoderm);which, integumentary and nerv-ous (ectoderm); and which, ex-cretory, circulatory, reproductive,muscular and skeletal (meso-derm). (The endocrine systemwill form the basis of a separatearticle).

As soon as the germ layers areformed there is a new anatomicalsubstrate on which the organizersmust exert their effects. Newchanges will be initiated, there-fore, just as different reactionstake place between differentchemical reagents. The newchanges become manifest as newanatomical details, each one be-ing more like the adult structurethan its predecessor. Differentia-t-on and increasing specificity ofstruture continue simultaneouslyin all systems, but not at thesame rate. Ectoderm, the oldestof the germ layers ontogenetic-ally and phylogenetically, is thefirst to differentiate The outerlayer is functionally skin fromthe beginning; out of this em-bryonic "skin" is formed the neu-ral plate, which gives rise to thespinal cord, brain and specialsenses.

The development of the eye isan excellent example of the ac-tivity of secondary organizers.The sensory portion of the eye isderived from central nervous tis-sue by evagination from the

brain and by actual migration ofcells from a point more distant.As soon as the optic vesicle hastouched the head ectoderm twochanges take place: firstly, thecontact induces invagination ofthe head ectoderm to form theel is, and secondly the contact in-

duces the invagination of theoptic vesicle to receive the lensvesicle, now growing mesially.This inductive action is not arti-factitious since the optic vesiclewill cause similar changes evenin ectoderm transplanted to thehead from the belly wall, provid-ing differentiation of the skintissue has not proceeded too far.Likewise, the optic vesicle willinduce lens formation in the bellywall, when it is transplanted tothat position.

Any tissue is subject to theactivity of any organizer up to acertain point, as lens formationfrom tissue in the belly wall in-dicates. However, with increasingage of the embryo the capabili-t'es for differentiation or compe-tence are progressively lost. Theloss of embryonic competence iscarried to an extreme in the caseof nervous tissues which retainsthe power of regeneration of cellparts, but has lost the power toreproduce its cells. Extreme spe-cialization of this tissue hascaused the sacrifice of the mostimportant physiological preroga-tive of cells: that of reproduc-lion TIv wx7v nf Cnntract the

reverse situation is observing in.I f-n> I ^I lyy Tnrnvn1lx-7 +ih n ra"or xrxi luiic Cegg,. iNUllIally ltn ctg Wi.lproduce one individual, but theclimax of embryonic competenceis inferred by the occasional de-velopment of identical twins. Inthis event, the egg shows theability to form not one, but twocomplete individuals, in each ofwhich all of the processes men-tioned above proceed simultane-ously.

-Hugh Clark, Ph. D.

(This is the first of a series ofarticles on embryology which willattempt to show the position ofembryology in the osteopathiccurriculum, by indicating some ofthe facts regarding embryology asa science and its relation to An-atomy, Chemistry, Physiology,Pathology and Obstetrics).

Pursuit for a Reason(Continued From Page One)

of these factors are protectiveor defensive to the animal.

From the point of view of theGastro-Intestinal tract and theassociated glands, we can saybroadly they are inhibited. Thelachrymal, salivary and mucoussecretions a-e inhibited. The se-cretion is reduced in amount andis concentrated temporarily.Should the stimulation of the;ympathet c continue, there fallsa decrease in the organic con-stituents of the secretion, as wellas a decrease in total volume.The mechanism of the inhibitoryeffect is doubtlessly that of sym-pathetic stimulation to the bloodvessels

Tile Gastric blood vessels areconstricted in the generalizedsympathetic response resultingin decreased secretion, dilationof the stomach walls through

relaxation of the mural mus- preparations are well under wayculature. - Peristalsis is stopped for your meeting in Los Angelesand the sphincters contract. The next year. Dr. Hatfield is al-gastro-intestinal functions of the ready proving an able leader andliver and pancreas are inhibited it was my privilege to sit in aby the sympathetic response. meeting of those who will haveThe sphincter of Oddi contracts the major responsibility for yourand the small intestine is at instruction and entertainmentrest. The ileocecal valve does next July. You need have nonot pass intestinal content as fears for any part of the pro-the circular muscle there is con- gram. When you go to Cali-tracted and the muscle in the fornia you will find it even morerest of the small and large so than you thought. I am al-intestines, excluding the sphinc- most in favor of including it inters, is relaxed. The Gastro- the region I call God's Countryintestinal tract has its blood and after the convention I mayvessels contracted, is at rest, do so. The sensible thing forand its sphincters contracted. you to do is to watch carefully

One function of the sympa- the plans as they unfold andthetic nerve supply to the spleen check off the items that you willis to contract the smooth muscle try to cover. I know from whatthere. This forces, along with was said at the meeting that youconstriction of the blood vessels will be busier than the proverb-to the Gastro-intestinal tract, all ial one-eyed man at the fiveavailable blood volume into the ring circus for you are to havesomatic area. In the dog the too many enjoyable things of-spleen holds 20 per cent of its fered both on the program andtotal blood volume at rest. This in the way of entertainment.storage function is not so well Plan to take a month off forpreserved in the human, but the you will want to see the manyreticuloendothelial tissue in the interesting features along thespleen still is the most import- way both going and returningant mechan'sm for the produc- and California has too manytion of antibodies that are our wonderful things to be seen toonly definite method of over- cut your visit to a few days.coming most infect'ous processes I was astounded at the workThe spleen in infections dilates being done by Dr. John Hiss.and contracts with slow rhythm, John is an old friend of mineforcing out, in addition to the beginning away back in ournormal venous and lymphatic school days. I have followedreturn larppe nuant'tipe of hlnnd ..Li..------I. .--t tn: ,,r t,, ..... ", ---- ,-c , _. tr.o..^v v.i. ,tlIOUgil WlLIl Ii1 itlm IIdtVn t it-uatrich in antibody content. We his book from cover to cover. Ican readily see that should a re- have also read the medical textflex arc disturbance disrupt this that followed it two years latersplenic function the results in an and it is very much inferior. Theinfection may be disastrous. thing that impressed me more

The sphincters of the lower than anything else during mybowel and the bladder are con- visit to Dr. Hiss' Clinic was thestricted. The walls of the vis- many evidences of the use ofcera ae relaxed due to vaso- Osteopathy both in name and inconstriction and possibly the in- practice. Osteopathic lesions arehibitory effect of sympathetic called such and are diagnosedstimulation. I say "possibly" be- and treated as such and are notcause it is not established as a confined to the feet. Patientsphysiologic fact as yet. who need lesions corrected from

Sympathetic response increas- the feet on up are taken carees the pulse rate and usually of either in one of the offices

(Continued on Page Four) for that purpose or are sentback to their home physicianfor continued osteopathic care. I

DESERT-ATIONS watched Dr. Hiss in his clinicfor the full hour and saw 43

Los Angeles in 1942 patients happy in the privilegeA couple of letters from friends of being able to gain his per-

in California forced me to make a sonal attention if only for achange in my plans for the minute. I talked to these pa-month of August and I spent the tients and heard nothing butearly part of the month there favorable comment and it wasinstead of in Mexico as originally not a picked crowd but the reg-planned. After visiting in the ular run on that clinic day. Isouthern part of the state for a saw and talked to and examinedwhile I finally landed in Los An- several cases who had beengeles. Having known about the through the bunion operationfamous B.eakfast Club for sev-and they were each very mucheral years my curiosity was satis- pleased over the results obtainedfled through an invitation giv en in comfort and in the reductionby Curtis Brigham and the us:al of the deformity. All of theseCalifornia abjectives of size and patients knew what osteopathyglamour apply. From 8:00 X. _M. was and what it could do foruntil 8:30 there is not a dull mo-them not only for their feet butment and it has been somnie timefor other complaints Whensince I have seen over 40O0 people you go to the Los Angeles Con-so tho oughly enjoy themselves. vention and plan to visit theI wish it were possible for each many fine osteopathic institu-of you when you visit Los An- tions there put the Dr. Hissgeles next year, to attend one ofClinic on your list too for itthese meetings. They are spotsof inspiration each week that will strengthen your belief incannot be equaled Osteopathy.

You will be glad to know that -H. V. H.

I_YP___PI__/_P______rrll--1-- �I -�

THE LOG BOOK

The Log BookThe Official Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor ................ Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor -................... Robt. Drew

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Osteopathic Therapeutics

TREATMENT (Cont'd.)(Number 32 in Series)

It is generally recognized thatamong the most important du-ties of the osteopathic physicianin planning treatment is first thediscovery, and second the nor-malization of osteopathic spinallesions. It is the wish of thewriter at this point to call at-tention to the fact that suchprocedu es, important as theyare, do not fully discharge hisobligation. In the preceding ar-ticle in the August number ofthe Log Book we called particu-lar attention to the fact thatthe basic objective in normali-zation of osteopathic lesion pa-thology is of a chemical naturesecured through articular nor-malization. It is obvious, evento superficial observation, thatthere are problems of a mechan-ical nature requ-ring solution.In any mechanism as complexas the human body with itsmany inter-related activities thepossibility of mechanical de-rangement and obstruction isever present. Dr. A. T. Still inhis early writings regarding os-teopathic therapeutics repeated-ly made the statement, "Therule of the artery is supreme."I think one might be warrantedin paraphrasing that importantstatement by saying, "Normaland free circulation of all bodyfluids is imperative if health andnormal functioning is to be theresult."

There is no intention here tominimize the great importanceof normal, unrestricted and un-impeded vasomotor control byway of the autonomic nervoussystem. The circulatory integ-rity is dependent to a very largedegree upon these nervous me-chanisms. The maintenance ofnormal blood pressure as a re-sult of card-ac force, elasticityof arterial walls and arteriolarperipheral resistance is largelya matter of nerve control, andis an integral part of the integ-rity of the circulation.

It becomes necessary, how-ever, in many cases for the os-teopathic physician to makecareful examinat on to discovermechanical obstruction involv-ing chiefly venous and lymphat-ic return. Such examination in-volves the soft tissues and is ren-dered most effective by theknowledge on the part of thephysician of those areas whereobstruction tends to occur. Mus-cular and fasc'al contractu es

Homecoming Day October 17What an inspiration it is to be a part, if even a small part, in

a really big and worthwhile project. It makes one feel humble, andat the same time enthused, to realize that our activities are makinga real contribution in moving, challenging and worthwhile pro-grams. Homecoming Day, as most of the readers of the Log Bookknow, was instituted and is sponsored by the loyal and enthusiasticalumni of Des Moines Still College of Osteopathy. The immediatemanagement is under the direction of the Executive Secretary ofthe National Alumni Association, Dr. Paul Park, who is also Presi-dent of the Iowa State Alumni Organization.

Dr. Park has kindly consented to continue as chairman ofHomecoming Day th's year after having made such a great successof the program a year ago. His plans this year are supported bythe active cooperation of not only the college authorities but byseveral active osteopathic organizations. Among them we find theInter-fraternity Council, the Student Council, the OsteopathicWomen's College Club (an organization composed of the wives ofstudents), the local chapter of the National Women's Auxiliary tothe A. 0. A., and the Polk County Osteopathic Association. Thesuccess of Homecoming Day in the past has been in large part dueto the genuine interest and enthusiasm of these groups who planto make October 17, 1941, a real day in osteopathic history. As wetold you a month ago, Dr. Frank Jones, National President of thealumni of Des Moines Still College of Osteopathy, will be presentfor the entire day and this fact in itself is more than enough to in-sure the success of the occasion.

We plan to make one innovation in the program that seems tohave been crowded out on previous occasions. We want every vis-iting alumnus and their friends to take advantage of the occasionand sufficient time to go through the entire five floors of the col-lege building. We want you to see everything from the Bacteri-ology Laboratory on the fifth floor to the Dissecting Room on thefirst floor. We want you to see the new laboratory equipment. Wewant you to see the new laboratory rooms. We want you to notethe redecoration and the many improvements throughout the col-lege building. We shall plan to have student guides available toescort the var'ous fgrouns throughout the tour of inspection. If youare going to actually realize the progress made in your Alma Materyou must do so as the result of having actually seen the many ad-ditions and improvements evident throughout the institution.

The first meeting of Homecoming Day will be the general as-sembly in the college auditorium at 10:30 a. m., at which time Dr.Frank F. Jones will make the principal address. From two to fivein the afternoon there will be the presentation of a technical pro-gram for the visiting physicians. This will consist of clinics, tech-nical talks and demonstrations in osteopathic diagnosis and technic.

The evening program, as usual, will prove to be the piece deresistance of the day, starting off with a banquet at 6:30 at theSavery Hotel with some excellent entertainment provided, andwith Dr. Frank F. Jones again as principal speaker. The LocalChapter of the Women's Auxiliary to the A. 0. A. have decided toincorporate their Founder's Day program with Homecoming Day.The grand finale will be the dancing party until the wee smallhours.

We want every alumnus who can possibly arrange to do so toplan to come for this annual get-together. It is entirely unneces-sary to urge those who have attended previous Homecomings. Youwill meet many of your acquaintances. You will be inspired andenthused. You will be given a new insight into osteopathic educa-tion. We believe you will go away saying that it was a most worth-while occasion and many times worth the effort made in coming.Put on your "Old Gray Bonnet" and plan to spend the day withus on October 17!

may play an important part inpreventing normal venous andlymphatic drainage. Obviously,this 'is most likely to occur inthe appendicular portions of thebody (arms and legs) and inthe neck affecting the head. Theorgans contained within thebody cavity, however, in thethorax, the abdomen and thepelvis by no means escape, dueto lack of normal tone in bodywalls,' bad posture and thenever-ceasing pull of gravity.Organs in malposition developstasis of tissue fluids as a resultof mechanical interference withdrainage. Stasis spells death.Stasis in tissue fluids marks thebeginning of many pathologies,both functinal and structural.

These many factors are part andparcel of osteopathic thinkingand osteopathic treatment

Man was intended by natureto be a creature of great physi-cal activity. Primitive man hadto fight or flee from his ene-mies. tle had to scour thecountry in search of food. Hehad to contrive shelter from theelements. He had to move withthe seasons. His very existencedepended upon heroic physicalactivities. As a consequence hebreathed deeply and maintaineda high type of tonicity in hismusculature, and particularlyimportant, in the musculatureforming the body walls.

It is an old saying and an im-portant observation that "The

tone of the abdominal contentspretty much take their cue fromthe tone of the belly wall."When we exercise we think ofexercising the muscles of thearms and legs. It is of muchgreater importance that we con-trive exercises which put tone inthe body walls. All return cir-culation, venous and lymphatic,is dependent upon the integrityof the body wall. The efficiencyof the excursion of the dia-phragm as a mechanism main-taining venous and lymphaticreturn is dependent upon thetone of the body wall. The dia-phragm may be likened to apiston in a cylinder composed ofthe body cavities and its effect-iveness is dependent upon thethrow of the piston and the in-tegrity of the cylinder walls.

We hear a good deal today ofthe fact that as individuals wehave become soft. Many of usdo not work hard enough tomaintain adequate musculartone, and we do not breathedeeply because of lack of neces-sity produced by muscular effort.

It becomes the province of theosteopathic physician to givesuch soft tissue treatments as toinsure the removal of mechani-cal interference. The thoroughstretching and freeing of thedeep fascias of the neck andtheir extensions into the thoraxis an important factor favoringreparative processes in manydiseased conditions of the head,neck and thorax. A careful andthorough stretching out of theaxillary fossa, the bicipital fos-sa, the fascias on the inner-sideof the arm, and the interosseousmembrane between the bones ofthe forearm are important in re-lation to disabilities of the armand hand. I have seen persistentand intractable eczema of thehands clear up readily undersuch treatment, securing normalvenous and lymphatic return.

Dr. A. T. Still in conversationwith me pointed out the perti-nent fact that lymphatic drain-age of the pleura was largely byway of the axillary space, andcalled attention to the fact ofthe importance of free lymphaticdrainage in conditions affectingthe pleura. It is interesting inthis light to note that manyconditions of acute asthmaticseizure are promptly relieved bystretching and freeing the deepaxillary tissues.

Careful, deep and thoroughstretching of the fascias inScarpa's triangle, along Hunt-er's canal and in the poplhtealspace is important in many con-ditions affecting the legs andfeet. The interosseous mem-brane between the fibula andtibia should be thoroughlystr etched. Such soft tissuetreatments may be firm andthorough without any bruising ofthe important structures in theseareas.

It is well recognized and ac-cepted that such conditions asathlete's foot are due to fungusinfections and the proper treat-ment is the application of afungicide. In spite of such treat-

(Continued on Page Four)

I I

THE;: LOG' BOOK

0 TDr. Hannan Honored

Dr. D. E. Hannan, of Perry,Secretary of the Iowa Board ofOsteopathic Examiners, was e-lected President of the Ameri-can Association of OsteopathicExaminers at that organization'srecent meeting at Atlantic City.

Fall District MeetingsThe fall District Circuit meet-

ings will be held as follows:District I, October 5, Man-

chester.District II, October 8, Red

Oak.District III, October 10, Ot-

tumwa.District IV, October 6, Al-

gona.District V, October 7, Sioux

City.District VI, October 9, Nevada.President Jordan has arranged

a most timely and interestingprogram.

Annual Society ConventionDr. Mary E. Golden, Vice

President and Chairman of theConvention Program Committee,reports that the Annual SocietyConvention will be held at theSavery Hotel, Des Moines, onWednesday and Thursday, May6 and 7. 1942.

Smallpox-Diphtheria CampaignDr. D. E. Hannan, Chairman

of the Department of PublicAffairs, has again submitted tothe Iowa State Department ofHealth his Society's plan forparticipation of osteopathic phy-sicians in the Department'sstate-wide smallpox vaccinationand diphtheria immunization pro-gram, and official approval bythe Department has been issued.The campaign will be held dur-ing the week of November 3.

Complete information and ma-terial will soon be mailed to allmembers of the Society pertain-ing to the program.

Professional AffairsDr. J. K. Johnson, Jr., Chair-

man of the Department of Pro-fessional Affairs, held a meetingfor his Committee Chairmen atJefferson, Sunday, August 24.The following attended in addi-tion to Dr. Johnson, Jr.: Dr. H.L. Gulden, Dr. John Q. A. Mat-tern, Dr. Ruth Paul, Dr. Theo.H. Tueckes, Dr. J. R. Forbesand Dr. Lester P. Fagen.Dwight S. James, Secretary-Treasurer and Attorney for theSociety was also present.

Problems of the various Com-mittee Chairmen were consid-ered and plans adopted for aconstructive, vigorous and cor-related campaign of professionaland public service.

After the meeting those in at-tendance enjoyed a deliciousbuffet dinner at the residence ofDr. Johnson, Jr.

Nebraska ConventionDr. S. H. Klein, Chairman of

the Legislative Committee, Dr.R. B. Gilmour, Trustee, andDwight S. James will appear onthe convention program of theNebraska Osteopathic Associa-tion, Monday, September 22,1941, Hotel Lincoln, Lincoln,Nebraska.

Dr. Chandler Joins JohnsonClinic

Dr. W. P. Chandler a recentgraduate of Des Moines StillCollege of Osteopathy and Sur-gery, moved to Jefferson onMonday, August 25, and is nowassociated with Dr. J. K. John-son, Sr. and Jr, of the JohnsonClinic.

Dr. and Mrs. Chandler andtheir two children are residingat 204 West Lincolnway, Jeffer-son.

Membership Committee..- Dr. H. L. Gulden, Chairmanof the Membership Committee,has laid tentative plans for aconcerted membership drive be-ginning September 21 and end-ing September 27. He reportsthat approximately fifty mem-bers of the Society will partici-pate in the campaign.

Applications for MembershipW. 'P. Chandler, D. O. Jeffer-

son, Iowa.-Dwight S. James, Sec.-Treas.

Pursuit for a Reason(Continued From Page Two)

the blood pressure. Most sym-pathetic fibers increase both find-ings. A few only increase thepulse rates and not the bloodpressure. If these fibers andtheir synapses are canalized ina disease we can understand howthe blood pressure may be lowwhen in most other instances itis increased. Hence in an infection at least the pulse rateis a better criterion than theblood pressure.

The bronchial musculature isrelaxed due to probably againboth vasoconstriction and inhibi.tion. The mucus secretion isinhibited. Although this in itselfdoes not increase the respiratoryrate it does favor the freeexcursion of air and there is acoincident increase in the res-piratory rate usually in propor-tion to the pulse.

The sympathetic response in-creases the activity of some ofour glands entirely and certainfunctions of others. The Thyroidincreases the output of Thyroxinwhich in infections seems to actas the vital opsoninic substance,Other effects which we will notmention are increased also. Theadrenal glands part of the sym-pathetic system, are accentuatedto increased secretion normally

3 in the sympathetic response. TheE adrenal medulla is derived from

the parent tissue of the sympa-

thetic system, the Neural Crestand is with possibly one excep-tion the only visceral or somatictissue that receives White RamiCommunicantes directly fromthe lateral horn of the spinalcord. The full effect and actionof adrenolin will constitute a pa-per in itself. The biliary actionof the liver is inhibited but cer-tain endocrine and enzymic action is increased. For instanceglycogenolysis is greatly stimu-lated and the blood sugar mountsso high in the sympathetic re-sponse that frequently glycosur-ia is found. This is true with orwithout coincident physical ac-tivity. The fibrinogen produc-tion is quite likely increased andmany other functions we canpresume to be accentuatedthough there has been no physi-ologic substantiation of it towarrant our stating them asfact.

In this brief and sketchy sur-vey we see the sympathetic re-sponse is the production of asomatic individual. His Gastro-intestinal functions are inhibitedand he is ready to resist physi-cal forces infections traumastrain. He is in condition topreserve himself. If the sym-pathetic response is overly in-hibited and does not occur anyoi these forces may terminatethe life of the pat'ent. Treat-ment of children is so interest-ing because they are so unin-nioltea ana respona- sympaLnei-cally with startling rapidity.They recover quickly and get illwith equal speed. Many elderlyindividuals have so inhibitedtheir sympathetic response thatalmost any infection or traumais met with weak and protractedresistance. Hence the import-ance of understanding sympa-thetic response as much as isestablished.

-Byron E. Laycock D. O.

One Minute Sermon

By W. B. MillardThe Greater Fool

"Young gentlemen," said theprofessor to the incoming fresh-man class, "let us suppose that,by paying a modest sum in ad-vance, you could get a permit togo into the largest departmentstore and help yourself to every-thing-diamonds, p-ecious stones,platinum watches, gold c'garettecases, fishing tackle, hunting out-fits, monogrammed shirts, silkunderwear imported suits, greatcoats, hats, shoes, everything;the only limit being what youcould carry away. How manskinds of a fool would you call thefellow who, having paid theprice, we-e to say, 'Guess I 1take a paper of pins and oneshoe-string'?

"But the folly of such an oneis as, the wisdom :of Solomorcompared to the abysmal imbe-cility of the youth who pays iradvance for a college education

which entitles him, to the limitof his capacity, to absorb the ac-cumulated wisdom of the ages,to intimate acquaintance withthe geniuses of all ..time to aknowledge of the universe inwhich he lives, and to the de-velopment of a trained mindwhich will make him a leader ofmen; and who then says, 'GuessI'll take a squash course, ride apony over the hard places, andbe content to keep an eyelashabove the flunking point'"

-Advance

Osteopathic Therapeutics

(Continued From Page Three)ment many of these cases are, tostate it mildly, extremely per-sistent. The response to topi-cal treatment is greatly en-hanced by the freeing of venousand lymphatic drainage to thelegs as indicated above.

In the treatment designed tofavorably affect the drainage,particularly of the hands andfeet, it is beneficial to thor-oughly articulate the bones com-prising the carpus and tarsus tostretch the interosseous tissuesof the meta carpal and meta-tarsal areas, and to thoroughlystretch the palmar and plantarfascias.

It was Dr. Carl McConnellwho so persistently called theattention of the osteopathic pro-fession to the great importanceof what he chose to designateas "ventral technic" in thetreatment of organs of the ab-domen and pelvis. In manyconditions of ptosis such treat-ment plays an. important anduseful part in addition to thenormalization of spinal lesionpathology. Place the patient inthe knee-elbow position with thethighs vertical, the head restingin the hands, the abdominalwall relaxed. Carefully, gently,but deeply, lift the abdominalstructures and organs upwardand forward toward the dia-phragm. Have the patient fol-low tis treatment up y. taking+1-T: onvnn -nnoi~in-n n+ harltimAtL115 ctl sIt meJu LlUl l p:t1i L aI ULuillis;,

and take some deep abdominalbreathing exercises contractingthe belly wall muscles as muchas possible on expiration and al-lowing them to distend on in-spiration. This can be done fortwo to five minutes with manyadvantages in therapeutics ofthis area.

It is hardly necessary here tocall attention to the definitecontraindication of abdominalmanipulation in any condition ofacute abdomen.

-A. D. B., D 0.

Birth

Born to Dr. and Mrs. Will'amR. Marlow of Elgin, Illinois, ason, William Robert, on August17.

HOMECOMING DAY OCTOBER 17

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Entered as second classmatter, February 3rd, 1923,at the post office at DesMoines, Iowa, under theact of August 24th, 1912.

_--------------------- <

THE

LOG BOOK L.Accepted for mailing at

special rates of postageprovided for in Section1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,authorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 OCTOBER 15, 1941 NUMBER 10

Diagnostic Procedures

Perhaps there is no field ofpractice that is more abused andused as an alibi than LaboratoryDiagnosis, The announcement ofnew procedures falls upon us sorapidly that we either disregardtheir significance or appropriatetheir use without proper consid-eration of their inherent value.It is true that much of the prog-

-ress in treatment has been due tothe continual and unfailing workof clinical laboratories whichmakes it possible to more accur-ately diagnose cases and extenda more truthful prognosis.

Those of you who have beenin practice for a number of yearshave seen diagnostic procedurescome and go, with old proceduresdiscarded for new ones. Youhave seen gallant promises madefor a given procedure, only tofind it proven to exceed the in-herent limits of accuracy. Sel-dom does laboratory procedurealone diagnose a case without in-terpreting it in the light of thehistory of the patient, physicalfindings, symtoms, etc. Studentsin our colleges today and youngphysicians find it difficult to real-ize that all of the procedures thatwe have at our command havenot always been with us. Theydo not remember when a blood-pressure apparatus and a stetho-scope were "new-fangled gad-gets" and the use of a microscopea novelty.

Perhaps it is due to the factthat this is a mechanical age inwhich we live, that in recentyears physicians have come torely upon laboratory procedureswithout giving credence to theentire picture. How often a stu-dent asks an older physician howhe knows a given patient is ane-mic when a blood count has notyet been performed! We are ata stage in the development ofdiagnostic procedures where wemust learn to give each methodits proper evaluation. On theone hand we must intelligentlyuse and interpret modern labora-tory procedures, and on the otherhand we must know the art oftaking a good case history, inter-pret the symptoms and physicalsigns.

There are two phases of theproblem of laboratory diagnosisconfronting the physician. First,the capacity of the laboratorytechnician to perform tests pro-perly and accurately. This doesnot mean that technicians areknowingly dishonest, for they are

; rn..nt-iin » a -rn Pq.L 2 )

Osteopathy Given Primacy(Continued From September)

It is always difficult to say which leg of a three-legged stool ismost important. There have been many contributions made to thehealing art in the last two thousand years and it might be a matterof controversey as to which one was the most important. We maymention as examples the discovery of the microscope, the discoveryof the circulation of the blood, and the development of antisepsisand anesthetics.

Without any doubt, one of the outstanding contributions in theworld of therapeutics was the discovery of the basic and fundamentalprinciples of osteopathy by Dr. A. T. Still. These osteopathic prin-ciples were revolutionary, they were profound, they were logical,they were inherently scientific. Osteopathic principles may be welldefined as the application in diagnosis and treatment of the knownand accepted facts in anatomy, physiology, chemistry and pathology.When I say accepted, I mean accepted by the scientific world. Itis noticeable and of great interest that the new discoveries andnew appreciations in these four fundamental sciences have not inany least particular changed the basic and underlying principles ofthe osteopathic concept. This fact alone should make any thought-ful individual consider seriously the claims of such a system oftheorapeutics.

The result of the application of these principles in practice formany years has attracted wide and growing interest and continuesto attract attention and increasing respect in the scientific world.The Osteopathic principle is scientific it is logical, it is sane, and itcan be applied to an increasingly wide scope of human disabilities.The principles have ,not changed, but the scope of the applicationof these principles in therapeutics is by no means a closed book.One must remember that the osteopathic school of practice earnedits place in the sun by curing or greatly relieving thousands andtens of thousands of the so-called incurable cases that had been therounds, cases in which all treatment had been a failure and that asufficiently large percentage of these cast-off cases were eitherpartially or completely relieved by osteopathic diagnosis and treat-ment so as to finally establish the osteopathic concept and its ap-plication in treatment. Osteopathy is a disinctive school of practiceand has made an outstanding contribution to therapeutics.

Now I think there is only one real excuse for osteopathic edu-cational institutions and that is to teach osteopathy. Such teachingneed not conflict with the policy of the many osteopathic educatorswho have determined that osteopathic education shall be sound andinclusive, that the standards in osteopathy education must be high,and that osteopathic physicians must be competent, modern physi-cians and surgeons, carefully trained to care for the wide range ofhuman needs in matters of health and disease. I have had the honorfor more than 25 years to be included in such educational councilsand have endeavored to make my contributions to increasinglyhigher standards in osteopathic educational programs. I heartilyapprove of the policy that osteopathic physicians and surgeons shallhave a broad gauge education, second to none.

To those of us who are giving our time to osteopathic educa-tional institutions there has come the inquiry from some of theolder members of our own profession, asking whether or not it istrue that osteopathic colleges are giving less time, with loss ofeffectiveness, in teaching the principles of osteopathy and in em-phasizing the wide spread ramifications of the application of theseprinciples throughout the entire field of theraueutics. The factthat such an inquiry should be made is in itself a cause for concern.Anyone can recognize that with the growth of the osteopathicschool of medicine, with the increase in the time and scholasticstandards of its curriculum, if extreme watchfulness is not con-stantiy exercised, it might be possible that the germ of the wheatcould be lost in the threshing. Personally I do not believe that thisis true. Never in the history of the osteopathic profession, from itsvery foundation, has the soundness and worthwhileness of the osteo-pathic principle in application been so well established and so wellfortified by scientific research as it is today in our colleges. Thefact that osteopathic principles have been borrowed, purloined, imi-

(Conrtiniuedr on Pa:e 'Four)

EmbryologyThe Biogenetic Law

Embryology is oftentimes re-ferred to as developmental ana-tomy. This allusion reflects thefact that for many years afterinterest had been aroused in thesubject only anatomical methodswere available. Moreover, de-tails of embryological physiologywere not available until compara-tively recent times. In addition,from the practical point of v'iew,both the animal material andscientific equipment necessary tostudy embryology from the phy-siological point of view forbid theroutine study of this aspect ofembryology. In consequence ofthese factors, the term "embry-ology" generally has the implica-tion of a series of anatomicalstages from the egg to the adultorganism. This is, of course, anextremely important phase of em-bryonic development, and someof its major features are to bereviewed.

Within the egg exist the poten-tialities for forming a completeindividual. The sperm cell at thetime of fertilization provides thestimulus for realization of thesepotentialities, and to some extent,modifies them by bringing to theegg paternal genetic influences.With this stimulation the egg,now called the zygote, begins aseries of changes which are es-sential to the development of theindividual. The changes whichoccur between the zygotic and theadult phase of the life of an in-dividual constitute the study ofembroyology; the history ofevents from the formation of thezygote until death of the indi-vidual comprises the ontogeny ofthat individual. The story ofsuch transformations, leading in-evitably to the formation of anorganized human being makes afascinating study. But the storydoes not end here, for the stepsin the formation of an individualincorporate the more importantaspects of the ancestry of that in-dividual. In the protoplasm ofthe egg is bound up its past. Manis "a part of all I have seen"perhaps to a far greater extentthan most realize.

Biologically this viewpoint isknown as the Biogenetic Law orthe Theory of Recapitulation. Itis said that "ontogeny recapitu-lates phylogeny," or more loosely,"man, in the course of his de-velopment climbs his own familytree." This correlation was first

(Continued on Page Four)

I

MID YEAR CLASS ENROLLS JAN. 24, 1942

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I

THE LOG BOOK

The new semester finds thefraternity in status quo. We areall happy to be back despite en-joyable vacations spent in ourresnpectiv homes.

The opening banquet of theyear was held Monday evening,October 6. Everyone was in highspirits throughout the evening.Guests of honor were Dr. A. D.Becker, Dr. L. L. Facto, andRabbi Monroe S. Levens. Thevery interesting speeches deliv-ered by these able men were metwith deep and consuming inter-est. Osteopathy, as one of thetopics of the discussion, shonebrightly. We all hope to ascendproportionately the new moun-tains of success that come intothe horizon each succeeding year.

Homecoming being just a fewdays off, we take this opportu-nity to invite all alumni to theiralma mater for a gala celebra-tion.

To our new pledges, Monte-Goose of Detroit, Michigan, andTed Isaacson of Denver, Color-ado, we extend greetings, andwe are sure that they will comethrough with flying colors.

To Dr. and Mrs. Martin Frie-denberg congratulations!

Officers for the new semesterare as follows:

Cerebrum-D. FeinsteinCerebellum-I. J. AnsfieldCalamus Scriptorius-L. Radet-

skyPons-N. KurzerCalvarium-P. GreenNeurlogia-A. Abramsohn

nTiuThe I. T. S. is looking forward

to a very busy year. The fra-ternity is growing like the newborn and every member is work-ing enthusastically.

Four meetings have been held,so far, this semester. At ourmeetings we plan to have specialtechnique demonstrations, prob-lems of practice etc., given bypracticing physicians of DesMoines, with the second meetingof each month set aside for pure-ly social purposes.

The freshman smoker was heldat Babes' Cafe this year withforty attending. A fine steakdinner was served and severalshort speeches were made by thegraduated brothers in the field.Among these were Dr Cash, Dr.Laycock, and Dr. Fisher of ourfaculty. Other doctors presentwere Drs. Sloan, Englund, Kale,and Kelsey.

Jack Lilly, our president, at-tended the last National Conven-tion and had innumerable ex-periences of interest which hepassed on to us at our first meet-ing which was held at his home.

We regret to say brothersRalph Morgridge and Major An-derson failed to return this sem-ester. We hope they are ableto be with us in the near future.It is also with deep regret thatwe inform you of the illness ofour brother, Dr. Jess Varner.Jess was established in practice

ATLAS CLUThe coming of fall and the new

school year has always beenheralded by great activity andanticipation o u t "ArlingtonWay"; but this year a new all-time high was reached upon thereturn to school and to the fra-ternity of twenty-three menfrom the east, west, north, andsouth, each with the socalled un-quenchable thirst for knowledgeand to renew their efforts toemulate the "Old Doctor."

A good deal of this long-storedexuberance was given vent to inthe form of a party last Fridaynight, October 3, at the AtlasClub. The entire organizationwas present to enjoy games,dancing, a midnight supper, andthe social companionship andfraternalism that is so character-istic of Atlas.

We were honored at this, ourfirst party of the year, by thepresence of Doctors Tom A. Hew-etson, Tom Griffith, and RobertBerger. These men are alwaysa welcome sight around the cluband add a very distinctive touchto any party. We regret thatDr. James Clapperton of theGrosse Point hospital, GrossePoint, Michigan, was unable toarrive in time for the party. Jimdid spend a very busy week withus however, and there are manyin Tncag MAffinzc: wbho hntpd ry oo

Jim leave.

The annual Atlas Smoker washeld on September 30, in honorof the freshman class and theunanimous concensus of opinionis that a finer group of men can-not be found. They should con-tribute mucn to tne iraterntyand the profession as a whole.

The Atlas Club would like totake this opportunity of extend-ing to the Alumni of the schooland of the club a most heartyWelcome Back. We sincerelyhope that you include a visit tothe Atlas Club as part of yourHomecoming activity.

-V. Stoner, Stylus.

The Deltas have begun anotheryear as an active organization atD.M.S.C.O. Already two meet-ings have served to reacquaintand reunite us, though we missedone of our members who was ill.Rachel Payne, who so ably wrotethese reports a year ago, is backwith us now, and again in fullnumber we look forward to aninteresting year. Those of ouralumnae who make use of the 6 p-portunities of Homecoming, weshall be happy to greet them andshow them the school of 1941 ofwhich we are proud.

-Mary Klesner, Corr Sec.

when his health broke and hewas unable to continue We areall hoping for his speedy recov-ery.

Osteopathically,Corresponding Seck.

At this time the members ofP.S.G. would like to extend theirgreetings to all the members ofthe new freshman class from asuccessful stay at D.M.S.C.O.

The new men that have be-come affiliated with P.S.G. Fra-ternity through their pledgingare Herb Harris, Jim Crane, VicZima, Gus Peterson, Frank Bak-er, Pat Lombari, Bill Grotty andDick Snyder.

The first work-nite of the 1941-42 school year was held Sept. 17and proved very successful withDr. John Mattern being the mainspeaker of the evening; also hegave a demonstration in Osteo-pathic Technic. Thanks to Dr.Mattern for his fine cooperation.

Many new plans for improve-ments of the house are now un-derway and in the near futurewe hope to have these plans com-pleted.

Friday, Nov. 7, 1941, has beenset as the date for the AnnualFall Dance. Under the compe-tant leadership of Phil Reames,the chairman of the dance com-mittee, this should prove to bea colorful affair.

Mr. Robt. Blakely, a researchman on foreign affairs for theDes Moines Register and Trib-une, gave an interesting talk onthe present war conditions, atthe recent P.S.G. Smoker. Alsoproving very interesting were theianfirt-ninorz imnnrtor1 from t-hpClltXC tGLlll ~ 1I11t i LgU iia t, 11 tll

Club 100.We are glad to see Dave Hef-

lin back in school after a year'sabsence. He seems to have madequite a hit already, especiallyacross the street from the P.S.G.house.

Congratulations to Jerry Brow-er, who was recently married.His absence from the house willbe greatly missed.

-D. W. F., Sec'y

Diagnostic Procedure(Continued From Page One)

not, but they may be overworkedor lacking in experience. Rather,it is the responsibility of the phy-sician to secure the services ofan experienced technician oroversee the work himself. Acommon example of this situationand its consequences may be il-lustrated by stamping the diag-nosis of diabetes mellitus on acase just because sugar appearsin the urine, without consideringthe presence of acetone in theurine and determining the blood-sugar level. Other examples are,faulty apparatus, improper dilu-tion of blood, incorrect identifica-tion of blood cells in leukemia.

The second phase of the prob-lem deals with the physician'sability to interpret the test andmake use of it in outlining treat-ment and in making a reliableprognosis. For example, quali-tative sugar in the urine, maysimply indicate excessive carbo-hydrates in the diet, or it mightindicate diabetes mellitus. Thisis just the beginning of a se-quence of procedures which mustbe carefully directed by the phy-sician.

These remarks in regard to

Pursuit For a ReasonThe Parasympathetic Nervous

System or the Cranio-bulbar andsacral outflow of the Vegetativenervous system is not as widelydistributed as the Sympathetic.It is usual that symtoms of vis-ceral dysfunction expressed bythe sympathetics are referred tothe somatic area and producethere pain or hyper-esthesia,muscle contracture and restric-tion of articular motion. Thissegmental reflex arc expressionmay be acute or chronic, transi-ent or long lived depending uponthe degree of reflex arc disturb-ance, the period of its existence,the degree of resultant inflam-mation in the tissues segmentallyinnervated, and whether treat-ment is Osteopathic or Allopathic.

The Parasympathetic's expresssymptoms of any visceral irrita-tion by producing reflex arc dis-turbances in the nerve supply tosome other viscus usually firstthe one or ones most closely re-lated anatomically and physbolog-ically and with progressively lessfrequency and slighter disturb-ance to those more distant. Thereare a few exceptions to each ofthese manners of expression thatare important enough to at leastmention.

The pathways over which anyreflex arc expression occurs mustbe over one of the following, Vis-cero-Visceral, Viscero-Somatic,Somatico-Visceral, and Somatico-Somatic reflex pathways. Differ-entiating the visceral symptomsproduced by the viscero-visceral,from the Somatico-visceral re-flex arc disturbances is not fre-quently possible. We permit ourknowledge of anatomy to dictateto what is known of physiologyin making the foregoing state-ment as to the area of expressionof each of the positions of theVegetative nervous system. Con-sequently we will turn to theAnatomy and Physiology of theParasympathetic portions of theVegetative Nervous System andthen consider with similar brev-ity the matter of expression bythat system.

The Parasympathetic NervousSystem is divided by the MedullaSpinalis into two portions, theCranio-bulbar outflow that arisesin the Medulla Oblongata andabove, and the Sacral outflowthat arises in the Sacral cord.

The Cranio-bulbar outflow hasits cells 'of origin in the Nucleiof origin of the third, 7th, 9th,and 10th cranial nerves. The axiscylinders leaving these cells passwith the corresponding cranialnerve and with others with someblood vessels, and independently,and it is characteristic that thesewhite, myelinated nerves arelong pre-ganglimic fibers that

(Continued on Page Three)

laboratory diagnostic proceduresare offered for your meditationrand to serve as a preface to aseries of brief articles on specifictests and their interpretation, toappear in subsequent issues ofthe Log Book.

-0. Edwin Owen, D. O.Dept. of Clinical Pathology

II I s

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111 t-JY lJVlUIll Y6 WIIU lL ,U t,3 I:

THE LOG BOOKi

The Log BookThe Official Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor ................Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor ................. Robt. Drew

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Osteopathic Therapeutics

TREATMENT(Number 33 in Series)

Endocrine ImbalancePerhaps no phase of diagnosis

and treatment of human illlnessis commanding more attention atthis time than are the disabilitiesassociated with disturbance of theso-called ductless glands. Exten-sive studies and research projectsare being pursued in many inde-pendent and widely separatedgroups. Many products preparedfrom endocrine glands or theirsecretions have been put uponthe market and widely prescribedand used for well nigh limit-less numbers of disabilities rang-ing from allergies to psychoneu-rosis. There has been much ofunsupported theory and far flungconjecture in this interesting andrelatively new field of endocrin-ological investigation with manyblind alleys and many reverses.It has been particularly notice-able that a considerable part ofendocrine prescription of two orthree years ago, has been discard-ed today as being either worth-less or actually contraindicated.There is still much confusion andconjecture in the diagnosis andtreatment of disturbances associ-ated with endocrine dysfunction.

This does not mean of course,that research and investigationare not warranted and that cer-tain facts have not become estab-lished with a fair degree of ac-curacy and understanding. Itseems to be true, that there is aremarkable inter-relationship in'the function of the variousglands making up the endocrinesystem. There is evidently a highdegree of interdependency andcorrelated activity between thethyroid and the adrenals betweenthe thyroid and the pituitary, be-tween the pituitary and the gon-ads and many other associations.There is no question, I th nk, inany ones mind but that the en-docrines have a profound influ-ence on body functions probablyin large part affected through theautonomic nervous system. Cer-tain endocrine clinical pictureshave become definitely establish-ed such as toxic goiter, cretinism,acromegaly, giantism, certaintypes of obesity and a consider-able number of other conditions.

It has become evident to manyosteopathic physicians and sur-geons as a result of many yearsexperience and observation inthese cases of so designated en-docr'ne imbalance that osteopathythrough normalization of lesion

MID-YEAR CLASS

We are already laying plans in anticipation of the comingJanuary class. There is good reason to believe that it willbe a substantial increase over previous mid year classes. Thisis the last class to be enrolled in which two years of collegiatework in liberal arts and science without specifications ofsubject matter is adequate qualification. Entrance qualifica-tion for the September 1942 class while not higher (still re-quiring two years of collegiate work), includes specificationin subject matter contained in those two years pre-osteopathicpreparation.

There are without doubt hundreds of young men andwomen who would welcome information regarding the oppor-tunities for a life ti.me of useful service, open to osteopathicphysicians and surgeons. The recent recognition by UnitedStates Congress and by high officials of the government ofthe integrity and worthwhileness of osteopathic education andosteopathic service, should speak in plain words to young menand young women who are looking for a challenging, com-pelling opportunity to capitalize their abilities. Osteopathyneeds recruits as does every growing professional group. Thedemand for osteopathic physicians greatly exceeds the visiblesupply. Des Moines Still College of Osteopathy will be glad tosend literature to those interested.

pathology has a real contributionto make in endocrine dysfunctionthat is useful and effective. Whenwe remember that these ductlessglands (as all other glands) havea blood supply and that thatblood supply is nerve controlledand that at least in large partthe secretory function of theseglands is dependent upon secre--tory nerve fibers and that bothvaso-motor nerves and secretorynerves are supplied by the auto-nomic nerve system, we cannotavoid the conclusion that osteo-pathic lesion pathology may pro-foundly disturb the functionalcapacity of these widely separat-ed collections of glandular tissues.

There is no reasonable doubtbut that a considerable elementin the outstanding success of os-teopathic treatment in manywidely diversified diseases andconditions is to a very consider-able extent, the result of theeffect of such treatment upon theendocrine glands and their asso-ciated and integrated function.The brilliant results through os-teopathic treatments achieved innumerous cases of isolated en-docrine dysfunction is but anindicator of the still greater scopein application for osteopathicdiagnosis and treatment in manyconditions of endocrine imbal-ance. Areas of lesion pathologyacting as causes of impaired func-tion and responsiveness may befound in any or all portions ofthe spine from the sacrum to theocciput. These osteopathic lesionareas must be discovered, evalu-ated, and normalized throughoutthe entire spine, in order that in-tegration in the functional capac-ities and resources of the entireendocrine system shall be madeavailable and maintained.

-A. D. B., D. O.

BirthBorn to Dr. and Mrs. Kenneth

Wooliscroft, of Castle Rock, Colo.,a baby boy on August 25, 1941.

Pursuit for a Reason

(Continued FTrom Page Two)

terminate by synaptic relation-ship around a number of cells interminal ganglia situated on andwithin the walls of the struc-tures supplied From these sec-ondary cells fibers pass on to orthrough the structure to theirend organs in the tissues. It isorobable that Acetvl-choline issecreted at the endings of boththe pre and post ganglionic fibersof the Parasympathetic.

The 3rd or Oculomotor nervecarries Parasympathetic fibersthat arise in the Nucleus ofEdinger and Westfall a part ofthe cranial nucleus of the 3rdnerve and also a few fibers fromthe Nucleus Salivatorius thatpass with the 7th nerve andthence to the 3rd. These passto the orbit where they supplythe ciliaris muscle, a few fibersto the levator Palpebrae Superi-oris, motor nerve to the Sphinc-ter pupillae, and secretory to thelachrymal gland.

The 7th Cranial or FacialNerve carries Parasympatheticfibers that arise principally in theNucleus Salivatorius. The fiberspass to the lachrymal gland, themucosa of the head, the salivaryglands excepting the parotid andare secretory to all these tissues.

The 9th cranial or Glosso-pharyngeal carries parasympa-thetic fibers to the Parotid andthe Pharyngeal mucosa that aresecretory.

The 10th cranial or Vagus car-ries Parasympathetic fibers thatarise also in the Nucleus Dorsalisthe Visceral Nucleus of the Va-gus. The distribution of thesefibers via the Vagus is great andcomplicated and control a greatdiversity of functions in a num-

ber of different structures-most-ly stimulatory.

The vagus supplies secretoryfibers to the mucosa of thelarynx and respiratory tract, tothe mucosa of the gastro-intes-tinal tract from the lower phar-ynx down to the middle of thetransverse colon including theglands associated with the G.I.tract i.e. liver, pancreas. Reflexstimulation causes elaboration ofsecretions. These fibers arethought to be concerned with thevolume of secretion by someauthorities and with the organicconstituents by others. It is notunreasonable considering thephysiology of the Vagus that theydo both. Vagus fibers pass alsoto the smooth muscle in the res-piratory and gastro-intestinaltracts to those areas mentionedand they are motor to this mus-cle tissue. The Vagus has beencalled "The Motor and SecretoryNerve of the G.I. tract" and thePelvic nerve or the Sacral out-flow "The Emptying Nerve."

Parasympathetic vagal fiberspass to the Ludwig, Bidder, andRemak ganglia and the pathwaycontinued by short post-ganglionicfibers to the heart. The effectupon the heart of inhibition. Aninteresting nerve, the Depressornerve has sensory end plates inthe wall of the aortic arch andpasses centrally to terminate bysynapse around cells in the Trac-tus Solitarius, associational fiberspass fo the Nucleus Dorsalis tothe cells that contribute efferentand inhibitory fibers to the heart.A reflex mechanism is thus es-tablished, one of several, to regu-late heart rate and blood pres-sure. With each distention ofthe aorta due to ventricular sys-tole these end organs are stimu-lated and result over the reflexpathway described above, in in-hibition to the heart. Acetyl-Choline is secreted at the endorgans of the Parasympatheticsin the heart and Acetyl-Cholineinhibits cardiac activity just asSympathin liberated at the endorgans of the post-ganglionic fib-ers of the Sympathetics increaseit.

The vagus Parasypathetic fib-ers reflexly produce peristalsisand inhibit the sphincters of theG.I. tract. Mild or physiologicVagal stimulation causes secre-tion of bile and pancreatic fer-ments, emptying of the GallBladder, and relaxation of theSphincter of Oddi. Intense stim-ulation of the same nerves caus-es spasm of the Sphincter withresultant impedance to flow offluid. This is doubtlessly etio-logic to the physiologic discordthat precedes certain pathologicinvolvements of these associatedglands and ducts.

The Vagus carries Parasympa-thetic fibers to the Spleen, Kid-neys, Adrenal glands, Thyroidglands and some other tissuesbut in all these the effect is notclearly demonstrated.

(To Be Continued)

.11

Ie 'Co - -- - --- -- 7

THE LOG BOOK

Membership CommitteeDr. H. L. Gulden, Chairman of

the Membership Committee, con-ducted a state-wide membershipcampaign during the week ofSeptember 21 to September 28.Approximately fifty members ofthe Society participated in thecampaign. Membership Commit-tee subchairmen who aided informulating plans and directingthe activity in the various Dis-tricts are: DistrictI, Dr. GeorgeC. Boston; District II, Dr. Ber-nice DeConly; District III, Dr.James O. Ewing; District IV, Dr.W. L. Tindall; District V, Dr.C. N. Stryker; District VI, Dr.Beryl Freeman.

Many reports of membershipteams had not been received bythe end of the month, but thosewho did report within that timewere able to show very satisfac-tory results. The teams not onlysolicited new members but calledon those who were delinquent inpaying this year's dues.

Radio CommitteeThrough the- efforts of Dr. J.

K. Johnson, Jr., Chairman of theDepartment of Professional Af-fairs, and Dr. O. Edwin Owen,Chairman of the Radio Commit-tee, Mr. Harry E. Caylor, coun-selor of the Division of Publicanad Professional Welfare of theAmerican Osteopathic Association,came to Des Moines on Septem-ber 9, and conferred with theofficials of the Iowa BroadcastingCompany on September 10. Thepurpose of this conference was toseek the elimination of the so-called talent charge required bythat Company for presentation ofall public service radio broadcastsby osteopathic physicians. Theconference proved to be success-ful, and a talent charge will nolonger be required for presentingpublic service features by theIowa Osteopathic profession.

Public service radio programswill be featured over the stationsof the Iowa Broadcasting Com-pany once each month, beginningin the near future.

Dr. Owen now intends due tothe newly established precedent,to confer in the near future withofficials of all other broadcastingcompanies in Iowa in an attemptto secure adoption of a like poli-cy, therebly enabling such publicservice programs to be presentedto the general public in all sec-tions of the State.

NebraskaMr. Lyman M. Stuckey, attor-

ney, practiciing at Lexington,Nebraska, has been employed aslay secretary-treasurer and attor-ney by the Nebraska OsteopathicAssociation.

Board of Trustee'sPresident Jordan has called a

meeting of the Board of Trusteesof the Society for Sunday, Oc-tober 19. The meeting will beheld at the Savery Hotel, DesMoines. Many important prob-lems confronting the professionwill be considered and acted uponat that time.

Legislative CommitteeThe Legislative Committee of

the Society held a meeting at the

office of Dr. S. H. Klein, 1212Equitable Bu-lding, Des Moines,on Sunday, September 7, 1941.Dr. Klein was reelected Chairmanof the Committee and Dr. H. L.Gulden, Ames, was elected Sec-retary.

Press Relations CommitteeDr. J. R. Forbes, Swea City,

Chairman of the Press RelationsCommittee, supplied news storiespertaining to the district circuitmeetings to all newspapers locat-ed in each district. His first re-lease announcing the meetingsand the nature of the programwas followed by a second releasesetting forth the important eventswhich transpired at the respectivemeetings including announcementof the newly elected officers andtrustees.

Industrial and InstitutionalService

Dr. Dale S. House, Chairmanof the Industrial and InstitutionalService Committee, successfullydisposed of compensation claimsfor three members of the Societyduring the month of Septemberby obtaining "payment in full"in each instance.

Applications for MembershipL. W. Jamieson, Wayne, Neb.George F. Ingledue, Sioux CityLawrence M. Nixon, Sioux CityR. M. Bahnson, TerrilLloyd Hocman, SibleyTheodore J. Schloff, PalmerB. E. Poundstone, PloverEuince A. Hall, Independence

-lwignlt . James

Embryology

(Continued From Page One)expressed by the great embry-ologist von Baer, but has beenmisinterpreted in many wayssince his time. Ernst von Hae-ckel, whose name is most fre-quently associated with theBiogenetic Law, leaves the im-pression that a human in his de-velopment will pass through acoelenterate stage, a fish stage,an amphibian stage, etc. Manystudents never correct this mis-conception, although it was notthe original understanding asproposed in the Laws of von Baer.He believed and correctlyy so,that in the process of develop-ment of a human being, certainphases of his development wouldresemble similar phases of theembryonic development of vari-ous lower animals, but not theadult phases of these lower ani-mals. For example, our gillstructures bear only a very slightresemblance to those of an adultfish, but they resemble quiteclosely the early stages in theformation of a fish gill. The gillof a fish is an extremely special-ized structure; the derivatives ofthe human embryonic gill archesand gill slits are extremely spec-ialized structures, but they havebecome specialized in vastly dif-ferent directions. It is the sametype of error that is expressed inthe conception that our ancestorsare monkeys; we are specializedin one direction, the monkeys inanother. We have had a com-mon ancestor with the monkeys,but to say that monkeys are ourancestors is an anthropologicalabsurdity. Likewise, it is em-

bryological nonsense to state thatwe pass through a '.fish stage" inthe course of development.

In spite of the aforementionedbiological banalities there arecertain apparent truths in regardto von Baer's correlation of em-bryological stages with the struc-ture of lower animals. Certainanalogies are too blatantly ob-vious to overlook, and our know-ledge of genetic forces in evolu-tion too secure to declare themcoincidental. Protozoa are bydefinition unicellular animals;some of the protozoans apparent-ly found benefit in an evolution-ary accident which permitted sim-ilar cells to exist in close associa-tion with each other: these newassociations constitute the colon-ial protozoa. In due time someof the cells of these colonial pro-tozoa became specialized for onepurpose, namely, reproduction.The other cells merely carried onthe ordinary physiological dutiesof living. Gradually the numberof cells modified for reproductionbecame more numerous, relative-ly; concurrently, the total num-ber of cells in the aggregation in-creased. When this number ofcells became so great, the aggre-gation assumed the form of asphere for sound physical andphysiological reasons. Later thisball of cells was to give rise toa hollow sphere. The last stepwas important, for otherwise, thecells at the center of the spherewould not have access to oxygenfrom without or egress for itsown metabolic waste. We nowpicture an animal (Volvox) con-sisting of a layer of cells sur-rounding a vesicle filled withfluid some of whose cells werespecially modified for reproduc-tion. Then followed a revolution-ary change in structure. TheVolvox type of animal becamemodified by invagination so thata double walled cavity wasformed. This is the hydroid typeof structure, characteristic of thecoelenterates. Next, a new layergrew between the outer layer(ectoderm) and the inner layer(endoderm); because of its posi-tion it is called mesoglea. Withan inner layer for digestion, anouter layer for protection _andsensory activity and a middle'layer for support this type ofanimal had remarkable evolu-tionary possibilities. It is ques-tionable just what path was taken

an ,~, ;sT of, rho arat+^h~r,~ v·CMII/LO arrive ai Lint VeriLeDIatL ;SL.1UC-

ture as we recognize it, andmany theories have been proposedto account for the changes. Re-gardless of which of these maybe correct the vertebrates showcertain common characteristics.Among these we may mention )1metamerism; 2) a dorsal, tubularnervous system; ;3) a segmentedaxial support; 4 a notochord atsome time in development; 5) aclosed circulatory system carry-ing a respiratory pigment; 6) anendoskeleton. These are the ma-jor common features. They arethe characters which we, as hu-mans, display together with allother animals having a backbone; these common possessionsreflect a common donor-thoseunspecialized animals which werecapable of becoming modified in

such ways as to produce fish,frogs, snakes, birds and mam-mals, yet whose basic structureincluded such anatomically ster-ling qualities that it has beenpreserved in some form im all ofthese superficially diversifiedtypes.

The process of embryologicaldevelopment in the human neces-sarily hits only the high spots ofthe changes mentioned above. Weall start as one cell, like theProtozoa. This cell divides intotwo, four and eight, thus resem-bling the colonial protozoa. Justas we find a ball of free-livingcells in fresh water, we likewisehave a morula stage in embry-onic development. As Volvoxfound physiological expediency informing a hollow sphere ofcells, so embryologically we re-peat the process to form a bias-tula. When hydra invaginated toform a doublewalled sac it set aphylogenetic pattern from whichthe blastula could not escape,and it therefore, becomes trans-formed into a gastrula. The hyd-roid mesoglea is paralleled in theembryo by the formation of themesoderm. From these basicgerm layers, now completed, de-velops the rest of the body. Theendoderm lines the digestive andrespiratory tracts, the latter be-ing an outgrowth of the former;the ectoderm covers the outsideof the body and consequently actsas a protector and source of sen-sory perception for .the rest ofthe body; the mesoderm the lastlayer to arise, possesses embry-ologically the anatomical andgenetic malleability which char-acterized the mesoglea of thehydroids, and it forms the rest ofthe body, with the exception ofthe endocrine system which hasa composite origin. Some of thedetails of differentiation of theprimary germ layers will be re-viewed in the next issue.

-Hugh Clark, Ph. D.

Osteopathy Given

Primacy

(Continued from Page One)

tated, and appropriated by otherschools of therapeutics, withoutmentioning the word osteopathyor giving credit for priority of itsprinciples, should profoundly im-press every member of the osteo-pathic profession. Osteopathiceducation and osteopathic physi-cians and surgeons have a con-tribution to make that must notbe lost to sight or have its bril-liance diminshed. The world isfull of colleges and institutionsteaching therapeutics. Again Isay there is but one excuse foran osteopathic educational insti-tution and that is that it main-tains clear-cut, distinct, and inplace of first importance, through-out its entire curriculum, theosteopathic principles and theirapplication in practice. If we failto do this, oblivion will be theresult of our school of practice.We must not fail.

3. w Pl~. t~

C . . .

Entered as second class T H E Accepted for mailing atmatter, February 3rd, 1923, special rates of postageat the post office at Des rovided for in SectionMoines, Iowa, under the 1103, Act of Oct. 3rd, 1917,act of August 24th, 1912. uthorized Feb. 3rd, 1923.F~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~13 Ac of Oc 3rd 1@1a

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

v oiume !Y NOVEMBER 15, 1941

IDiagnostic Procedures

Number II

Hemoglobin DeterminationAs announced in the last issue

of the LOG BOOk, there is toappear a series of brief articleson laboratory procedures, settingforth their present day use andapplication.

The determination of theamount of hemoglobin in the cir-culating blood is the first andbasic procedure to be carried outin a blood examination. Hemo-globin is the respiratory pigmentfound in the red blood cells re-sponsible for transporting oxygenfrom the lungs, through theblood-stream, to the body tissues.The efficiency of hemoglobin asan oxygen carrier is realizedwhen we consider that 100 cc. ofwater at body temperature andat an oxygen pressure of 100 mm.of mercury stores only 0.33 cc.of oxygen gas, while the sameamount of blood under the sameconditions will carry 20 cc. ofoxygen. This is 60 times as much.Thus, if the vascular system werefilled with water, it would take350 liters to carry the sameamount of oxygen that is nowcarried by the 6 liters of bloodin the average individual.

Human blood contains about15.0 grams of hemoglobin per 100cc. Our problem is to secure areliable procedure for accuratedetermination, since the amountof hemoglobin in the blood is thebasic factor upon which otherhematological findings are based.

The most widely used and theleast accurate procedure is theTALLQVIST METHOD, in whicha fresh drop of blood on absorb-ent paper is matched against agraded series of color charts. Thechart is arranged for 15.8 gramsof hemoglobin to equal 100 percent. This test can be used onlyto determine gross hemoglobinchanges. The average error is atleast 20 per cent. It should beused only as a preliminary checkto reveal a possible anemic state,and not to calculate other datasuch as the Color Index. The onlymerit of this method is it's sim-plicity.

The SAHLI HEMOGLOBINO-METER is a much more reliableand accurate instrument. Bloodis drawn from a skin punctureinto a special pipette and trans-ferred to the SAHLI tube. con-taining a given amount of N/10hydrochloric acid, mixed anddiluted with distilled water untilthe brown color of the mixturematches the amber rods of thematching box when held to the

(Continued on Page Three)

"OF REAL INTEREST TO MANY"The osteopathic profession and the osteopathic educational in-

stitutions find themselves today in a rather unique position. In aday when many professions are overcrowded, the osteopathic profes-sion is confronted with the interesting situation that there is needand demand for osteopathic physicians and surgeons far in excessof the visible supply. This need and demand is an increasing oneas an enlightened and educated public becomes' more and moreaware of the useful and constructive service made available byosteopathic physicians.

Next year, in 1942, the osteopathic profession will celebrate its50th anniversary of the beginning of osteopathic education. Thereare six fully accredited osteopathic colleges:

They are the Chicago, College of Osteopathy, Chicago,Illinois; College of Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons, LosAngeles, California; Des Moines Still College of Osteopathy,Des Moines, Iowa; Kansas City College of Osteopathy & Surgery,Kansas City, Missouri; Kirksville College of Osteopathy & Sur-gery, Kirksville, Missouri, and the Philadelphia College of Osteo-pathy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The os(teopathic profession has a right to feel proud of itseducational institutions.

These osteopathic educational institutions have strong faculties,up-to-date and adequate equipment, and first-class hospitalizationfacilities. Osteopathic hospitals associated with our osteopathiceducational institutions are completely staffed by osteopathic phy-sicians and surgeons. They are giving a high type of service whichbrings credit to themselves and to the osteopathic profession. Osteo-pathic educational institutions have accomplished much and haveearned and received official recognition from the United StatesCongress, the office of Production Management and the NationalHeadquarters of the Selective Service System. They are serving animportant part in the defense program.

The osteopathic profession has made remarkable progress andgrowth during these 49 years since the first osteopathic college wasestablished. This growth has not been rapid but has rather beensteady, conservative and continued. There has been no mushroomgrowth in the osteopathic profession. It has made its developmentand progress against well organized and persistent opposition andfinds itself today in the unique position of having its basic andfundamental principles, at one time openly derided and scoffed at,now being adopted, borrowed and appropriated by all leading schoolsof therapeutics.

To be ultra conservative there are more than ten thousandcapable, alert and well qualified young men and young women inthe United States today who would be interested in the considera-tion of osteopathy as a vocation, if they were fully acquainted withthe opportunities offered. These young men and women are seekingan outlet for their abilities. Osteopathy offers just such an outletwith opportunities for service second to none. The fact that osteo-pathic physicians and surgeons do well economically is important,but is of secondary importance. First and of greater importanceis the opportunity of making a worth-while contribution to the wellbeing of the people of the community where they may locate. Tobecome capable and competent to relieve pain, to restore health, tobanish sorrow and suffering, to give a new courage and a brighteroutlook to those who come within the province of our professionalcare is an opportunity for humanitarian service which comes! tothose who have chosen to follow the work of an osteopathic physicianand surgeon.

Des Moines Still College of Osteopathy is proud to be an affiliateof the American Association of Osteopathic Colleges. We are proudof our member colleges. We will be glad to correspond withqualified young men and women who may be interested in the op-portunities offered in osteopathic education. We invite investigationand inspection of our facilites,, our faculty, our laboratories and ofour large and diversified clinics. Our recent catalogue is availableupon request.

-A. D. B., D. 0.

NUMBER 11

EMBRYOLOGYThe Primary Germ Layers

The primary embryonic germlayers,-ectoderm, mesoderm andentoderm-constitute importantembryonic landmarks. A greatdeal of attention has been accord-ed their significance as distinct,morphalagical entities . In aprevious issue (Log Book, Octo-ber, 1941) the organ systems de-rived from the several germ lay-ers were listed.

As organogenesis proceeds,however, it becomes increasinglydifficult to state their importanceindividually, for most organspossess combinations of deriva-tives of separate germ! layersstructurally co-ordinated to makea functional unit. Consequently,although many structures can betraced in a direct line from anindividual germ layer, the as-sociation of derivatives from twoor more germ layers is an urgentembryological demand, and in thefinished product the germ layerslose their individual significance.For, example, entoderm and ec-toderm are epithelia, but thereare no purely epithelial struc-tures in the body which can carryon their functions without thephysiological cooperation of othertypes of tissue, as for exampleblood. Prof. A. J. Carlson recent-ly expressed this view point withthe words, "We do not think withour blood, nor do we think with-out it."

It will be recalled that thesemutually interdependent tissuesof the adult took their originfrom one cell, the fertilized ovum.

(Continued on Page 3)

Undergraduate EssayPrize Contest

For the sixth consecutiveyear, Dr. R. H. Singleton ofCleveland is sponsoring an Un-dergraduate Essay Prize Con-test. The contest is open toJunior and Senior students. Aprize of $25.00 is offered forthe best essay on the subject"Diabetes" submitted from thiscollege. A similar prize is of-fered for the best essay sub-mitted by any of the colleges.This grand prize is to beawarded at the meetings ofthe A. 0. A. in Los Angeles inJuly, 1942. Further details ofthe contest are available fromthe members of the committee.

-Hugh Clark, Chmn.0. Edwin OwenLonn:e Facto

-in

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I

I I

THE LOG BOOK

Onra raain @'hp timp Enz rnllmrl

Ao.rThe biweekly meeting was held

Monday night at the CranialVault. The business discussionwas consummated in good fash-ion, and the rest of the eveningwas spent in planning for futurework nights. It was decided thatthe next work night would bedevoted to suturing. This pro-ject will be conducted by EdwardKanter, and should prove veryinteresting. By such lectures,we hope to correlate the theoreti-cal with the practical. Surgicalfilms have been negotiated for,and we take this opportunity toinvite any student of the collegeto attend these work nights.

Sessions in Osteopathic Technicare also to be included on thesework nights. We hope to apply,categorically, the Osteopathiccomplex to each infectious di-sease. ! 4

Reports from our alumni in thefield show that the recent grad-uates are starting out in theirrespective Osteopathic careers ingood fashion. We know that suc-cess is but a foregone conclusionto those who adhere to the Os-teopathic Concept.

The cold wintry breezes findour two Senior "A" 's, Ed Kanterand Dave Adelman studying withardor for the qualifying exams.More power to you, flellows!

The Iota Tau Sigma was re-cently administered a transfusion.This rejuvenating factor was inthe form of an election. An en-tire new board was elected ontheir past showing of fraternalenthusiasm which runs exception-ally high this year. The new of-ficers are as follows: President,Robert Hatchitt, Vice President,Robert Bennington, Secretary,Jack Shafer, Treasurer, CharlesShultz, Corresponding Secretary,Bertrand Adams, Chapter Editor,Edward Mossman, Chapter His-torian, Frank Nasso.

We wish to take this opportun-ity to thank the retiring offi-cersfor their splendid showing of fra-ternalism and we hope we cancontinue this example of fineleadership.

We also take this opportunityto congratulate the followingmembers of the ITS who werelately installed into the honoraryfraternities of the school. Bert-rand Adams into the Phi SigmaAlpha and the following intoSigma Sigma Phi, Loyola Baudet,

around when we are all lookingforward to the Annual Atlas HayRide. The time has rolled onpast the last two week-ends dueto the inconsistancy of the wea-ther man. Last week-end we wererained right out of the hay andinto the house where we madethe best of a bad stormy night byenjoying a 'hard times" party.We haven't given up hope how-ever, and it is with even greateranticipation that the club is look-ing forward to our annual hay-rack, cider and doughnut party.

This year we plan to drive outto Adel to the farm of PaulEmmens, one of our new Fresh-man. From here we will go byhay-rack to the Coon River toenjoy the cider and doughnutsaround the campfire. These plansof course are subject to changedepending upon the weather man.In case of rain, we will wait twoweeks and make the same trip bysleigh.

An.This past month has been a

busy one for all of us, but wefound time to have a very niceevening at Mildred Weygandt'sapartment where we enjoyed theHallowe'en decorations, the ciderand the doughnuts. Importantbusiness included in this meetingwas the arrangement for a pledg-ing dinner to be held at KingYing Low's Chinese restaurantthis month. Two ladies whomwe have asked to join us as hon-orary members are Mrs Kimber-ly and Mrs. Laycock, wives ofour faculty physicians. They willbe pledged at this special dinner,and we hope very much that theywill enjoy their association withus.

Word is occasionally receivedfrom our alumnae, and sometimesthey came back to the college fora litle chat or some special in-formation. At the Homecomingfestivities we saw Dr. Beryl Free-man, Dr. Lillie Dunlop, and oth-ers of our former classmatespresent for the instruction andgood time that went with thecelebration. We are always gladto hear from those in the fieldand to receive suggestions fromthem concerning the college c^sorority.

-M. K.

Cyrill Des Lauriers, and RobertHatchitt.

It is of interest to note thatopproximately half of our mem-bers are affiliated with one orthe other of the honorary frater-nities, and halfi of our membersare not eligable because of under-class rating.

In closing we wish to congratu-late the newly elected officersand we assure them that theyhave the entire support of eachand every member.

-E. M.

The members and pledges ofPhi Sigma Gamma extend theirbest wishes to everyone for ahappy Thanksgiving Holiday.

We of Phi Sigma Gamma werevery fortunate in securing one ofDes Moines' most prominent Psy-chiatrists, Dr. Welch, for our lastWork Night. Dr. Welch gave avery interesting talk, followed bya discussion on Psychiatry fromthe Osteopathic standpoint.

The Annual Fall Dance, honor-ing our new pledges, proved to bea very colorful affair. It washeld at the Chapter House on theevening of November 7th. Themusic was adaptly taken care ofby Harold Morgan and his band.The usual spirit prevailing aroundthe house, along with the manyalumni present, lent an air of ac-tivity that was enjoyed by all.

On the evening of November6th, Pledges Heflin and Wentlingunderwent their first degree ofinitiation. The last degree andFormal Inititiation were giventhese men on November 9th. Weextend our congratulations tothese men and are; happy to nowbe able to call them Brothers.

Also on November 9th, the de-gree of Honorary Membershipinto Delta Chapter of Phi SigmaGamma was bestowed upon Dr.Hugh Clark. We all know of! hisexcellent work as Professor ofPhysiology at Still College. Con-gratulations to you, Dr Clark.

An interesting evening of tech-nique followed by refreshments,was presented to the members byDr. Humphries on November 10

We are glad to have BrothersClausing and Miller living in thehouse again after a brief absence.Brother Miller was recently elect-ed House Manager.

-D. W. F., Pronatarius.

Alan Becker, New NationalPresident of Psi Sigma, Alpha

The local chapter of the na-tional scholastic honorary societytakes pleasure in announcing theaddition of five new men , name-ly: Hal Beals, Harry Livingston,Bert Adams, George Lewis andDick Bayne.

A banquet meeting was heldhonoring the members of the so-phomore and junior class whomaintained the highest grade av-erage during their freshman yearand during their freshman andsophomore years.

Carl Waterbury, Bob Pattonand James Booth oif the sopho-more class and Lou Radetsky,Harry Livingston and Mary Wil-liams of the junior class were therespective eligibles.

Dr. Fred Campbell was thespeaker of the evening, givinga very interesting discourse onthe symptoms and treatment ofpneumonia.

The chapter recently held ameeting with Dr. Allan Beckerthe new national president of PsiSigma Alpha.

DESERT-ATIONSAbout four years ago the D. M.

S. C. 0. Alumni Association start-ed an educational drive to bringto your attention the need formore thot on the subject of stu-dent recruiting. I very clearlyremember that when we plannedsome of the literature that wesmoothed out the corners andmade it sound a little less omin-ous than it was. This was notdone to conceal the real need forwe made it quite plain that unlesssomething was done that the pro-fession would suffer. We couldnot bring on this suffering butwe could and did mention it. Weread articles about this same sit-uation coming from every angleand from a number of differentsources and in the Fall of 1938published a series of articles inthe Log Book that were definitelyto the point. In spite of thesebeing written in very plain lang-uage very little has been doneto keep us from losing what wehave worked for, for many yearsand that is to bring up to reali-zation the present acceptablestandard of osteopathic education.

I am not the least bit optomis-tic about the present situation.The Alumni Association worked agood many hours overtime andput into letters and many meet-ings a considerable sum of per-sonal money all of which wasgiven gladly and freely but hasfallen on barren ground for themost part. If we impair the ef-ficiency of any one of our collegesbecause of lack of students thefault will not lie with the collegebut with the profession. Everyalert osteopathic physician in ac-tive practice has an interest ineach college of osteopathy. Theloss of any part of our strengthis, serious with us for we havenever at any time had an excessof quantity. With the lessenednumber of students entering ourcolleges this Fall we will be for-tunate if we can, four years fromnow, replace those lost by deathand retirement. This situationwas predicted four years ago withthe remedy given at the sametime. This could have been mademuch less serious by concertedand sincere effort by the profes-sion at that time. I hope it isnot too late now but like ourown Federal program of defense,it is going to cost a great dealmore now than four years ago.

I like to talk to my old stu-dents who have been out in prac-tic for twenty years. They fur-nish me with a lot of osteopathicenthusiasm. Nearly every onehas been thru the fire in severalways. They have at times beensold down the river by the detailmen and other- glib salesmen.Some of them have felt at timesthat they did not get very muchin school but almost without ex-ception they have retained themajor principles of osteopathyand in spite of temporary weak-nesses they returned to osteo-pathic thinking with greater faithafter each backslide. I haveheard this a good many timesduring this past year while loaf-

(Continued on Page Four)

THE- LUOG BOO'K

The Log BookThe Official Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor .-............ Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor Richard F. Snyder, B.S.

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Osteopathic Therapeutics

TREATMENT(Number 34 in Series)

It has been a matter of pleas-ure for me to prepare these briefarticles which have appeared inthe Log Book during the pastthree years under the heading"Osteopathic Therapeutics." It ismy-sincere hope that they mayhave proved helpful and valuableto many of our readers. I haveenjoyed very much, the many let-ters that have been sent to mefrom time to time by osteopathicphysicians and surgeons in ap-preciation. I have not deludedmyself that these abbreviated ar-ticles were complete or exhaus-tive I have referred to them as"thumb nail" sketches and havetried to make them at least indi-cative of osteopathic thinking andAotpnntrehigt, aing avoL'~vpa,L- i, eiasoiniU g regardiamg alimited number of disabilitiescommonly found in general prac-tice. I think one might go onindefinitely along similar linesbut I recognize also that theremight be an error in continuingthem over long.

Just a final paragraph regard-ing osteopathic treatment whichmay involve the danger of somerepetition. Occasionally I hear adiscussion regarding what someone is pleased to designate as thestandardized general osteopathictreatment. It is my profoundconviction after nearly 40 yearsin osteopathy, that osteopathictreatment is not and cannot bestandardized. Every osteopathictreatment must be contrived asthe result of careful and search-ing osteopathic examination andosteopathic diagnosis. The dis-covery of lesion pathology and itsevaluation is a necessary prere-quisite for the administration ofany osteopathic treatment. Oste-opathic treatment must be as ac-curately prescribed, as carefullydosed and as skillfully adminis-tered as any drug in the pharma-copeia. There is a specificity inosteopathic treatment far andaway beyond any other type oftherapeutic application. Osteo-pathic treatment must be suitedto the patient at the time. Theprescription of treatment for eachpatient is not only individual tothat patient but it is differenteach time and a new prescriptionof treatment is necessary when-ever the patient is treated. Thescope of application of osteopathictreatment in practice is co-exten-sive with human disabilities.T.reatment may be suited to thenew born babe, to the acutely ill,to those with chronic disease and

LU mose OI extreme age. osteo- Emb 1lpathic treatment implies diagnos-Em ylgytic skill of the first order. It re-quires years of careful prepara- (Continued from Page One)tion to become technically cap- The embryonic processes thenable in administration. Judgment followed a course which madeas to dosage and time intervals recognizable an outside, a middlebetween treatments are matters and an inside layer. Althoughof opinion requiring keen analy- these layers can be discerned assis and thoughtful experience. such by their position, this is notThe basic, fundamental, underly- to state that they are e:thering principles of osteopathy have structurally or functionally inde-not changed, but the scope of ap- pendent. We again make theplication of these principles in point that the germ layers arepractice is an ever widening and important landmarks but beyonddeveloping one. To be a com- this statement the importance ofpetent and skillful osteopathic the germ layers probably is sub-physician and surgeon demands ject to sharp limitations. Theyall that any scientifically trained are important for establishing aindividual can bring to it. It is a system for the, developmentalrare privilege and a great respon- anatomy, for observation of thesibility to be the representative steps followed in establishment ofof the osteopathic profession in an increasingly close interrela-any community. tionship between tissues, but all

-A. D. B., D. 0. of the time that we refer to the"extremely important" germ lay-

Birth ers, we must remember that thisis from the point of view of the

To Dr. and Mrs. Russell M. student, rather than the embryo.Wright of Farrad Park,a daugh- The same processes which form-ter Kathrine Sue was born No- ed "germ layers" out of thevember 1 at the Detroit Osteo- cytoplasm of the ovum are con-pathic Hospital. tinuing; they will form adult tis-

Mrs. Wright was formerly sues, organs and systems out ofDorothy Gay of Des Moines, the germ layers. From the pointIowa. Dr. Wright was graduated of view of the embryo, the germwith the class of 1929 at the Des layers are no more importantMoines Still College of Osteo- than any other individual stage.pathy. Embryological literature is so

filled with reference to them.nV . Pr 1 i~ i however, that it has become a

IDalpamonnsit( PrvbPdrllrPQ if ;; +U 1I- LU- -r.- aeA-_--_"bvA-Xrv L .X ,r IL, _> aiLU LU r-r to germ layers,

and there are many advantages(Continued From Page One) in their use for the study of his-

light. Read the scale on the togenesis.tube at the fluid level for the From the above discussion it isamount of hemoglobin in grams clear that no organ is composedper 100 cc. or percentage. By o f only one germ layer deriva-the SAHLI METHOD 13.8 grams tive; an attempt will therefore beis equivalent to 100 per cent. Un- made to outline the association oftil recently, 17.3 grams was used tissues with their germ layeras a standard for 100 per cent origin. Entoderm gives rise tohemoglobin. (By any method, the epithelial lining of the diges-grams of hemoglobin per 100 cc. tive tract, primarily. It followsof blood may be converted to per- therefore that the important di-centage by multiplying the gestive glands will also have thisamount in grams by 100 and di- origin, since they are evaginationsviding by the number of of grams offrom the primordial intestinalhemoglobin which has been lining. The epithelium of theadopted as representing normal pancreas, liver and Brunner'sin the method used. i. e. 8.5 grams glands are entodermal products.X 100=850-13.8.-61.5 per cent). Because of embryonic associationThe SAHLI instrument is accur- of the excretory system with theate, inexpensive and easy to op- digestive tract, the distal portionerate.of the urinary ducts are said also

The NEWCOMER METHOD is to take their origin from entod-equally good but requires expen- erm. The endocrine derivativessive equipment. By this proced- of the pharynx-thymus, thyroidure, 16.96 grams of hemoglobin and parathyroid glands-completerepresents the normal level, or the list of structures arising from100 per cent. the embryonic gut, with the ex-

There are now available, pho-ception of the respiratory sys-toelectric instruments which re- tem. The lining of trachea,move the human factor in the bronchi and lungs are elabora-matching of color standards, (this tions of the laryngotrachealbeing accomplished by a photo- groove of the early embryo. Itelectric cell) however, they are will be noticed that stratifiedquite expensive and are practical squamous, simple columnar, pse-only in clinics and hospitals. udo-stratified columnar with and

It is becoming customary to without cilia, glandular and non-report hemoblobin level in grams glandular epithelium, exocrineper 100 cc. of blood, rather than and endocrine epithelia, cuboidalin per centage of normal because and simple squamous epithelia allthe amount of hemoglobin varies take origin from the same embry-according to the type of proced- onic tissue. Such a variety ofure used. structure and function from a

In the next article features of single germ-layer would tend tothe red blood-cell count will be cast some doubt on the simplicitydiscussed, along with it's rela- of entoderm as a morphologicaltionship to the hemoglobin level. entity.

O. Edwin Owen, D. 0. The ectodermal layer gives rise

primarily to two types of t.ssues,namely, epithelium and nervoustissue. Although these two typesof tissue are structurally discretein the adult there is a close func-tional association between them.The ectodermally derived epithe-lium forms a protective coveringfor the body and also prov:des ameans of transmission of externalstimuli to the nervous system byway of contributing the sensoryportion of the organs of specialsense, as for example, the retinaof the eye (as well as otherparts), the sensory portion of theinner ear, including that of thesemicircular canals and the ol-factory epithelium. Not onlydoes the ectoderm form the outerprotective covering of the bodyand the receptors of the specialsenses but further provides thenervous mechanism for referenceof the impulses set up in the re-ceptors to the part of the bodywhere they will be of the great-est physiological benefit. Thespinal cord, brain and nerves, aswell as connective tissue of thenervous system are of ectodermalorigin. Not only are the sym-pathetic ganglia formed out ofectodermal cells, but also someof the cells which, in anotherregion might have formed sym-pathetic ganglia, are transformedby their position into the import-ant medullary part of the adrenalgland. Likewise the pituitarygland is entirely of ectodermalorigin, a part coming from themouth cavity by evagination(Rathke's pouch) and a secondpart growing ventrally from thetweenbrain (infundibulum). Athird gland of questionable en-docrine function arises as an out-growth from the tweenbrain. Thisorgan, the pineal body, is photo-sensitive in lower animals, but itsfunction in humans is problem-atical.

The mesoderm forms all mus-cle, connective tissues (exceptthose of the central nervous sys-tem), blood and reproductipe tis-sues. In addition it forms excre-tory and reproductive epithelia,as well as the epithelial liningof the heart and blood vessels(endothelium) and of the serouscavities (mesothelium). It is ob-vious that many organs (bone,muscle, heart, blood vessels etc.)are formed out of mesoderm en-tirely; those organs which are notformed entirely of mesoderm arenecessarily partly derived frommesoderm, for a blood supply isessential to all structures. More-over, the hollow viscera are sup-plied with smooth muscle, whichis, of course, of mesodermal ori-gin also. Considering the ex-treme diversity of structures pro-duced by the different germ lay-ers and their intimate and essen-t:ally exact association in theadult tissues, it is remarkablethat a starting point such as thatfollowing gastrulation with theestablishment of the germ layers,could have been identified. It willalso be clear that, although con-venient from a pedagogical pointof view, the germ layer theoryleaves much to be desired fromthe point of view of developmentitself.

-Hugh Clark, Ph. D.

.·- . :I·.· :. ..-.:1�. :�. .1..1.-.;--. .----II 1'--·--I - , 1 - - -- - - .. I

T-HE LOG BOOK:· .. . . .. . . .... . ..

.

I District ODistrict Officers

The following are the new dis-trict society officers, elected atthe October district meetings:

District I: Dr. L. A. Nowlin,Lane Bldg., Davenport, President;Dr. Byron A. Waylan, 827 ThirdAve., S. E., Cedar Rapids, VicePresident; Dr. G. A. Whetstine,Wilton Junct on, Secretary-Treasurer.

District II: Dr. Clive R. Ayers,Grant, President; Dr. J. A. Kline,Malvern, Vice President; Dr. Ber-nice Worth DeConly, 301 ParkBuilding, Council Bluffs, Secre-tary-Treasurer.

District III: Dr. J. O. Ewing,Bonaparte, President; Dr. H. L.Cloyed, Blakesburg, Vice Presi-dent; Dr. G. W. Loerke, 206South Market Street, Ottumwa,Secretary-Treasurer.

District IV:: Dr. J. R. Forbes,Swea City, President; Dr. P. E.Walley, Corwith, Vice President;Dr. W. L. Tindall, Woden, Sec-retary-Treasurer.

District V: Dr. Marvin E.Green, Storm Lake, President;Dr. Alice R. Paulsen, 21/2 Cen-tral Ave., S. W., LeMars, VicePresident; Dr. E. D. Parry, Mo-ville, Secretary-Treasurer.

District VI. Dr. J. K. Johnson,Jr., Jefferson, President; Dr.John Q. A. Mattern, 806 South-ern Surety Bldg., Des Moines,Vice President; Dr. N. A. Cun-ningham, 16 North Center Street,Marshalltown, Secretary-Treas-urer.Smallpox-Diphtheria Campaign

The following physicians servedas County Chairmen in this year'ssmallpox-diphtheria immunizationprogram sponsored by the Societyin co-operation with the IowaState Department of Health dur-ing the week of November 3.

District I: Dr. C. O. Stookey,Vinton, Benton County; Dr. W.M. Furnish, Tipton, Cedar Coun-ty; Dr. R. F. Herrick, Clinton,Clinton County; Dr. H. B. Wil-lard, Manchester, DelawareCounty; Dr. D. S. House, Dubu-que, Dubuque County; Dr. Mar-garet Bates, Marengo, Iowa Coun-ty; Dr. C. A. Reeves, Anamosa,Jones County; Dr. C. K. Risser,Maquoketa, Jackson County; Dr.W. Craig Tenney, Central City,Linn County; Dr. D. H. Grau,Muscatine, Muscatine County; Dr.L. A. Nowlin, Davenport, ScottCounty; Dr. J. J. Henderson, To-ledo, Tama County; Dr. W. C.Enderby, Iowa City, JohnsonCounty, Dr. C. A. Wyman, Grin-nell, Poweshiek County.

District II: Dr. Bernice W.DeConly, Council Bluffs, Potta-wattamie County; Dr. J. A. Kline,Malvern, Mills County; Dr. C. G.Johnson, Elliott, MontgomeryCounty; Dr. Martha B. Morrison,Shenandoah, Page County; Dr. T.A. Kapfer, Greenfield, AdairCounty; Dr. N. D. Weir, Wood-bine, Harrison County; Dr. G. W.Marston, Lewis, Cass County; Dr.Sherman Opp, Creston, UnionCounty; Dr. Mark Sluss, Lenox,Taylor County; Dr. W. L. Gard-iner, Coring, Adams County; Dr.Walter G. Nelson, Sidney. Fre-

mont County; Dr. Pnil MlcQulrK,Audubon, Audubon County; Dr.C. N. Maughan, Leon, DecaturCounty.

District III: Dr. Charles Wheel-er, Centerville, Appanoose Coun-ty; Dr. T. A. Steffan, Bloomfield,Davis County; Dr. A. F. Sulick,Burlington, Des Moines County;Dr. E. V. Chance, Winfield, HenryCounty; Dr. C. R. Reynolds, Fair-veld, Jefferson County; Dr. R. E.Shaver, Sigourney, Keokuk Coun-ty; Dr. M. G. Tincher, Ft. Madi-son, Lee County; Dr. E. W. Mc-Williams, Columbus Junction,Louisa County; Dr. J. G. Garton,Chariton, Lucas County; Dr. B. DElliott, Oskaloosa, Mahaska Coun-ty; Dr. J. O. Ewing, Bonaparte,Van Buren County; Dr. I. S.Lodwick, Ottumwa, WapelloCounty; Dr. P. L. Etter, Wash-ington, Washington County; Dr.D. H. Wire, Corydon, WayneCounty.

District IV: Dr. B. K. Bahnson,Burt, Kossuth County; Dr. T. SClark, Bradgate, Humboldt Coun-ty; Dr. E. H. Phillips, Garner,Hancock County; Dr. H. Lach-miller, Clarion, Wright County;Dr. E. E. Light, Ellsworth, Ham-ilton County; Dr. W. F. Moore,-Grafton, Worth County; Dr. J. R.Shaffer, Mason City, Cerro GordoCounty; Dr. L A. Doyle, Osage,Mitchell County; Dr. B. M. Hud-son, Charles City, Floyd County;Dr. J. L. Craig, Cresco, HowardCounty; Dr. George Millenbaugh,New Hampton, Chickasaw Coun-ty; Dr. B. M. Gotshall, Waterloo,Black Hawk County; Dr. FritzBenz, Quasqueton, BuchananCounty.

District V: Dr. J. C. Bishop,Rock Rapids, Lyon County; Dr.Marvin E. Green, Storm Lake,Buena Vista County; Dr. B. W.Jones, Spirit Lake, DickinsonCounty; Dr. W. C. Gordon, SiouxCity, Woodbury County; Dr. T. E.Hart, Ida Grove, Ida County; Dr.John A. Hirschman, CherokeeCounty; Dr. Alice R. Paulsen, LeMars, Plymouth County; Dr. C.N. Stryker, Sheldon, O'BrienCounty; Dr. H. A. Somers, Ha-warden, Sioux County; Dr. A. M.McBurney, Mapleton, MononaCounty; Dr. Sara Miller, Sibley,Osceola County.

District VI: Dr. J. K. Johnson,Jr., Jefferson, Green County; Dr.Ralph Jack, Ogden, Boone County;Dr. H. L. Gulden, Ames, StoryCounty; Dr. Donald R. Hickey,Bayard, Guthrie County; Dr.Laura Miller, Adel, Dallas Coun-ty; Dr. Grace Nazarene, DallasCenter, Dallas County; Dr. GerylFreeman, Des Moines, Polk Coun-ty; Dr. James E. Gray, Newton,Jasper County; Dr. M. R. Ander-son, Adair, Adair County; Dr.Paul Eggleston, Winterset, Madi-son County; Dr. Nellie O. Kram-er, Pella, Marion County.

Reports received from Dr. J.M. Hayek, Director of the Di-vision of Maternal and ChildHealth of the Iowa State Depart-ment of Health reveal that themembers of the osteopathic pro-fession handled more cases duringthis year's campaign than in anyprevious year.Boone County Osteopathic Society

The Osteopathic physicians ofBoone County met Monday eve-ning. October 20. 1941. at the of-

fice of Dr. R. P. Westfall andformed the Boone County Osteo-pathic Society. The memberselected Dr. R. P. Westfall, Presi-dent and Dr. Arley Edgerton,Secretary-Treasurer.

Vocational GuidanceDr. John Q. A. Mattern, Chair-

man of the Vocational GuidanceCommittee, announces that he hascompleted arrangements to haveDr. Arthur D. Becker, Presidentof Des Moines Still College ofOsteopathy speak to the studentsof Simpson College, Indianola, onMonday, November 17, 1941, onthe subject "Osteopathy As aCareer."

Membership CommitteeDr. H. L. Gulden, Chairman of

the Membership Committee, re-ports that his membership teamsduring the present membershipcampaign reinstated forty-fourdelinquent members and obtainedtwelve new members.

Due to the outstanding workof Dr. Gulden, the present mem-bership status of the Society sub-stantially exceeds this year'sestimated membership which hadbeen based upon the increase indues.

Applications for MembershipJoseph Dykstra, Des Moines.Scott Fisher, Des Moines.Estelle A. Wise, Cherokee.Leo C. Harrison, Cherokee.-Dwight S. James, Sec.-Treas.

MarriagesHalladay-Jorgenson

Maurice A. Halladay, son ofDr. H. V. Halladay of Las Cruces,New Mexico, married Miss Mar-jorie Jorgenson of Des Moines,Iowa, October 18, 1941.

DESERT-ATIONS(Continued FTrom Page Two)

ing around and thru letters. Notlong ago I visited a former class-mate who studied medicine fol-lowing his course in osteopathy.He is now practicing Surgery. Iasked him what his idea was ofthe ideal therapy. He is a manof 25 years experience in the fieldand has practiced osteopathy,medicine and surgery finally do-ing nothing but the latter. "Thereis so little to medicine that it isnot worth fooling with from atrue therapeutic standpoint. Istarted out with the idea that Ihad to know at least 100 perscrip-tions and when I quit writingthem I had cut the list to fouror five, none of which has anytherapeutic value. The chemicalcrutches are valuable only assuch for they do not cure. Isend as many patients to osteo-pathic physicians as I can for Iknow that osteopathy is effectiveand safe and that is more than Ican say for the drugs that arebeing used at the present."

Think it over truthfully andseriously and it can only comeout one way and that is that ourcolleges are offering somethingthat is "effective and safe." Asosteopathic physicians we havesomething that the other fellowdoes not have and if we have theproper enthusiasm and method ofpresentation, our colleges willsoon be filled beyond capacity.

H. V. H.

Homecoming DayIt is with the feeling of great-

est pleasure that we tell oil thesuccess of Homecoming Day onOctober 17th. It is a source ofextreme satisfaction when a groupof people cooperate together in aworthwhile enterprise and have itresult in complete success. Whilethe crowd was not quite as largeas it was a year ago, there was afine representation from out oftown, and from out of the state,a number of physicians comingseveral hundred miles.

The program off the day wentoff on schedule and as planned.Dr. Frank F. Jones of Macon,Georgia, National President ofthe DMSCO Alumni Association,was an inspiration and a joy toall those who had the pleasure ofhearing him both in the generalassembly in the forenoon in thecollege and at the banquet in theevening. The music for the danc-ing party following the banquetwas the best ever. An interestingcomment is to be made in thefact that there! were five, pastpresidents of the AOA at theevening session.

Sincere congratulations andthanks go to those who made theevent a happy one, Dr. Paul L.Park, secretary of the NationalAlumni Association and president6o the Iowa State Alumni Associ-ation, and his committee and theactive participation of the Inter-fraternity Council, the Osteo-pathic Women's College Club, theStudent Council, the Local Chap-ter of the Auxiliary of the AOAand the Polk County OsteopathicAssociation. It was a genuinepleasure to have the vis.tingalumni of the college as well asthe many who attended who werenot alumni of the college, but itsloyal supporters and well wishers.We were happy and proud tohave the opportunity of showingthese many visitors the variousimprovements about the collegeand the modern, fully equippedlaboratories which were all openand in session. We look forwardwith pleasure to these Homecom-ing programs and have the priv-ilege of looking back upon themwith much satisfaction.

Dr. Arthur D. Becker, Presi-dent of the college will be awayfor three or four weeks on busi-ness of the college. He left onOctober 27th and attended theMichigan State Osteopathic As-sociation at Grand Rapids. Otherappointments will carry him intovarious Michigan points, to sev-eral stops in Ohio and later intoWisconsin and Minnesota.

Dr.. Frederick Long, chairmanof the research committee oil theAmerican Association of Osteo-pathic Colleges, spent a day atStill College last week. In addi-tion to speaking to the studentbody in the auditorium, Dr. Longspent considerable time in con-ference with Dr. O. E. Owen whois research director of the college.Dr. Long is making a tour ofeach of the osteopathic collegesgathering research material.

A 1 -- 4. t - -4. T-%- T ··% II ! ·

-, - ---_, , _ _, _ -_-- _.. . * - ---,- -- '- --- .1

Entered as second class Accepimatter, February 3rd, 1923, specialat the post office at Des providedMoines, Iowa, under the 1103, Acact of August 24th, 1912. authoriz

ted for mailing atrates of postage

1 for in Sectiont of Oct. 3rd, 1917,ed Feb. 3rd, 1923.

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DES MOINES STILL COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY

Volume 19 DECEMBER 15, 1941 . NUMBER 12

I

HmerarewethetomquenLt looc-counts and nemoglo-bin' determination. If we are tointelligently prescribe treatmentit is necessary that we look intothe situation farther and deter-mine as nearly as possible thenature of the anemia. Anemiaimplies a qualitative -or a quan-titative deficiency in the eryth-rocytes. A normal adult shouldpresent 90 to 100% hemoglobin(13.0 to 17.0 grams Of hemoglo-bin per 100 cc. of blood depend-ing upon the method) and 5,000,-000 erythrocytes per cubic mm.in the male or 4,500,000 in the

(Continued on Page Four)

National BoardExamination

On December 4th and 5th therewas given at Des- Moines StillCollege of Osteopathy as well asat the other recognized osteo-pathic colleges throughout thecountry the first and second pathsof the National OsteopathicBoard Examination. This exam-ination is somewhat new to theprofession and is as yet recog-nized in only three states: Ari-zona, Rhode Island and Vermont.Other states should be quick tofollow in their footsteps bygranting licenses upon successfulcompletion of the National Board.

Those taking the first part ofthe examination covering basicscience were Roger Anderson,Bob Drews, Marvin Ford, Dr.Paul Kimberly and Richard Rog-ers. The latter three also tookthe second part of the examina-tion covering the last two yearsof school work. The final sectionof the national board will bepresented this summer at the Na-tional Osteopathic convention inLos Angeles.

It is too early for the results ofthe examination to be known atthis time but we feel sure thatthe D.M S.C.O. examinees will berated among the top entrantswhen the scores are posted.

The Des Moines Still College family wishes to !extend its heartiest best wishes and Season's Greetingsto all of its friends, alumni and members of the Osteo-pathic profession. With our country at war it is of vitalnecessity that we preserve the spirit of Christmas andwhat it stands for. Let us hope that the New Year of1942 will once again bring the peace and good will tomen that we all hold so dear.

Osteopathically Yours,

R. B. BachmanH. A. Barquist

Arthur D. Becker^ ~13B. L. Cash!'Jo- -- Hugh Clark

'!4 ~^ - L.L. FactoMary E. Golden

H. A. GraneyP. E. Kimberly

B. E., LaycockH. J. Marshall

0. E. OwenKatherine M. Robinson

R. C. Rogers.,I J - 7 R. L. Powers;!^~~~ J ~J. P. Schwartz!+%~~~~ # ~J. L. Schwartz

.J. B. ShumakerJ. AM. Woods

-3T' #

CALENDAR

CHRISTMAS VACATION ........ December 19 to January 5GRADUATION . .......................................... .January 23REGISTRATION -- �........... ... January 24ROLL CALL ....--...............-....---...-- January 26

! EASTER RECESS ...- . ...... .......April 3 to April 7GRADUATION ...... ........................ May 29

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ifd

ances ofuliartheircon-ationcien-ly of

the amazing qualities of the en-docrine glands can be explainedby the heterogeneity of origin,but even this approach leavesmany unsolved problems.

All the germ layers contributeto the formation of the endoc-rine system, and each in a vari-ety of ways. The ectodermallyderived glands include the pitui-tary body, pineal gland and ad-renal medulla; entoderm givesrise to the thyroid, parathy5roidIthymus, islets of Langerhans andduodenal mucosa; the remainingunits of the system-adrenal 'cor-tex, ovary, testis and placenta-are of mesodermal origin. Astatement of the germ layer or-igin of a structure is, however, amost inadequate, and perhapseven a misleading, designation ofthe development of an organ (Cf.

(Continued on Page 3)

Dr. Becker's Activities

During the last month and ahalf Dr. Becker has been on atour of eight states on businessof the college. He has been con-tacting members of the profes-sion and speaking before studentsof various colleges and othergroups. He was received withenthusiasm from all sides. OnDecember 4th Dr. Becker spokeat the Park Hotel in RichlandCenter, Wisconsin on the subject,"The Diagnosis and Treatmentof Hypertension."

Dr. Becker gave glowing re-ports of the annual state meetingof the Michigan Osteopathic So-ciety at Grand Rapids in the lastof October. More than five hun-dred registered. The program wasof exceptional interest.

Our president found that idueto the full appointment calen-dars of many of the Osteopaths,his conferences had to be madein the evenings and on Smudays.WVe will have a more detailed re-port of Dr. Becker's tour uponhis return.

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THE LOG BOOK

Pursuit for a Reason(Continued From October)

Parasympathetic fibers pass tothe remainder of the large gutand most pelvic structures byway of the sacral outflow of theVegetative Nervous System. Thesacral origin is in the upper foursegments of the sacral cord, thefibers passing out with. the 2ndand 3rd sacral nerves, then groupthemselves together to form the"Pelvic Nerve'' which procedesto the different structures andterminate there in the gangliaon or in the viscera. The path-way continues by a great manymore post gangionic fibers. The"Pelvic Nerve" supplies the kid-neys, lower one-half of the largeintestine and its internal sphinc-ter, Urinary bladder and itssphincter, prostate, internal os ofuterus and others. Stimulationof the sacral outflow to the kid-neys, internal os of the uterusis not explained by physiologyat present but to the other struc-tures it causes secretion, empty-ing and inhibition to the sphinc-ters.

The mullerian and Wolffianduct derivitives i.e. the ureters,Fallopian tubes, vas deferens,uterus (except the internal Os)and Vagina have no parasympa-thetic nerve supply. Both acti-vating and inhibiting fibers mustbe distributed by the sympathet-ics therefore. (Best & Taylor)

Parasympathetic reflex arc ex-pression of a visceral irritationis by way of the Viscero-visceralpathway only, except in two andpossibly three instances whereviscero-somatic pathways are in-volved also.

The first of these obviously isin the Sacral outflow. Here, bya number of processes to be con-sidered later, the stream of im-pulses from a diseased or irri-tated pelvic structure creates adegree of segmental hyper-irrit-ability sufficient to cause theproduction of vaso motor, trophicand other reflex changes that thetissue involvement of reflex orsomatic expression, that we callsecondary reflex lesion pathology,develops. In addition to this so-matic expression there are alsosymptoms of dysfunction relativeto other pelvic tissues via theviscero-visceral and somatico-vis-ceral paths.

The second example of somaticdisturbance via the parasympa-thetics is the possible or probableone, the other two being definite.In the upper Cervical area wefind a communication betweenthe upper two Cervical spinalnerves, the Superior CervicalGanglia of the Sympathetics, andbranches from the Vagus. Ana-tomists describe this communica-tion but physiology as yet hasnot explained the function. Le-sion pathology in the upper twcor three Cervical segments de-velops so frequently in presenceof Vagal irritation due to Viscera]dysfunction or disease that it isobvious'there is some mechanisrrin this area for symptom ex-pression. Congestive headache iscaused by these lesions and isone of the most frequently en-

countered symptoms, just as up-per Cervical lesions are the rulein diseased individuals for thisand several other reasons. Itwill certainly pay us well tothink more of this area from theviewpoint of etiology, diagnosis,treatment, and research.

The 3rd area of somatic ex-pression is of course by way ofafferent Parasympathetic fibersand efferent nerves coursing withall cranial nerves as well as pos-sibly with the upper two Cervicalnerves. The nuclei of origin ofthe cranial nerves being connect-ed by associational fibers just asthe segments of the cord are con-nected by segmental associationalfibers serves as another mediumfor reflex expression. Certain ofthese pathways are of sufficientsimilarity with regard to synapticresistance that involvement ofthe pathway is most frequent.The referred pain and inducedinflammatory reaction in the tis-sues superficial to an infectedsinus is an example. The 7thsupplies the muscles and the 5ththe skin yet the inflammation in-volves both tissues. The nauseaand vomiting associated with ocu-lar and aural defects or irrita-tions are notorious for directingour attention from the site oforiginal involvement frequentlyrendering treatment incorrect.These pathways from the 3rd,5th and 8th to the 10th Cranialbeing canalized. The supra-orbi-tal pain or brow ache experi-enced upon the too rapid injes-tion of cold substances, beer in-cluded, is naturally known to allof us. In esophageal ulcer andcarcinoma this reflexly inducedpain can be very intractable.This pathway of course beingprobably afferent over the Vagusand subsequent involvement ofthe cells whose fibers course withthe 5th Cranial, Ophthalmic di-vision to the Supra-orbital area.With prolonged disturbance in-flammation is'induced there overthe 7th and 5th cranial nerves.Others are the diplopia, vertigo,etc. associated with irritation tothe Vagus in the G.I. tract. Inmost people these reflexes arepossible, but in a few the synap-tic resistance level is so highthat canalization is not probableshort of strychninization. There-fore in some, these symptomswill not occur at all and in somemore only late.

In not a few the synaptic levelsare so similar that only a slightirritation is needed to cause agreat amount of pain and reflexinflammation. These patients areprobably found lacking in detect-able pathology and subsequentlyare dumped into that group ofcryptogenic cases commonlycalled "Neurotic" or "Constitu-tionally inadequate." We findscience has little to offer thesepatients at present but as we in-vestigate and learn a bit aboutsynaptic resistance and reflexpatterns, it is likely some definitetherapeutic application will bevisualized. Probably 40% of am-bulant patients are afflicted withsome similar developed or ac-suired synaptic level disturbancethat renders them problem pa-

tients. Many of them are great-ly benefited by the so-called gen-eral treatment. We and the pa-tients do not know the reasonexcept by deduction or inference.This pursuit for a reason willsome day be productive.

More frequently than not thegradation of synaptic resistancesscreens out most aberrant im-pulses and not until an irritationhas been present for a few hoursor longer will the overflow orradiation phenomenon becomeoperative enough for there to re-sult reflex arc disturbance toeither viscera or somatic tissue.The time element, the chronaxieof nerve tissue, the synaptic levelof resistance, and the degree oftoxicity local and general areconsistant enough in most in-stances that diagnosis based onthese factors is possible. Reflexinvolvement will occur usually todefinite areas (Head's zones) andsymptoms will occur in sequenceviscero-visceral and viscero-so-matic. Observation of and inter-rogation into the sequence andarea patterns of reflex expressiongreatly favor accuracy in diag-nosis. It has been said (J. B.Murphy) that when we encoun-ter general belly pain, followedby nausea and vomiting, then lo-calized pain at McBurneys point,with fever and leukocytosis, inthat order and sequence, we havean acutely inflammed appendixin 299 cases out of 300. Theremay be other pathologic changesalso but we will at least have theappendiceal inflammation. Hypo-chondriac pain followed by jaun-dice means obstruction to bileflow from an intraductal origin.Jaundice without pain can fadecompletely when gangrene of theviscus develops. Hense it is ob-vious why 70% of our diagnosisis history taking and 90% historyand physical examination. It isequally obvious that the more werealize and understand the se-quential development of a syn-drome of symptoms the morereasonable ' diagnosis becomesand the more inexplicable itseems that we should expect thelaboratory 5 or 10% to make adiagnosis for us. Certainly thehistory and the palpating handto localize the segmental expres-sion are the most potent forcesin our pursuit for the reason forour patients illness.

-Byron E. Laycock, D. O.

During the last month the Os-teopathic Women's College Clubheld three most noteworthymeetings. On November 18th wemet at June Anderson's to hearDr. Mary Golden speak on "TheGreatest Art in' the World, theArt of Living."

On December 2nd, we took ourhusbands along to a meeting atth college to hear Dr. H. J. Mar-shall. The task we will face inour job as a doctor's wife wasbrought to our attention mostamply by Dr. Marshall. Creditfor this splendid program goes to

DESERT-ATIONS

I returned from California withmore enthusiasm than I have hadfor some time. A month withDr. Hiss convinced me that Ishould open an office here in LasCruces for the treatment of feetthe osteopathic way and after amonth of waiting have every-thing ready for the line of pa-tients. So far it has been grati-fying and the results are speak-ing for themselves. It looks nowas if Las Cruces will be my per-manent home for the climate andthe reception so far in the officeagree with me mentally and phy-sically.

A letter the other day remind-ed me of a most pleasant visitand a miraculous work beingdone by my old classmate, JeanClaverie. Some of you who knewJean 26 years ago and his historysince will be happy to know thathe is in excellent health and en-joying a really big practice inLos Angeles. Jean is combiningosteopathy and eye treatment bythe Bates method and it was areal thrill to talk with him foran hour recently. Every patientis treated osteopathically andJean claims that his remarkablesuccess is due to his basic osteo-pathic work. He is one that hasused osteopathy and not found itwanting at any time.

The calendar reminds me thata class will soon graduate andanother will be inducted into thestudy of osteopathy. I hope thatmany of you have found the timeto do a little missionary work forosteopathy and have been able tosend a student to one of our col-leges lately. Our quantity needsto be increased. We have takencare of quality, so we think, byraising the standards, but unlessour classes are increased ourcause will suffer for lack ofstrength. We will soon knowwhether it is best to sift beforeentering or after graduation.There is one thing certain andit is that we must not let onechance slip past us to put osteo-pathic opportunities before thoseeligible to study.

Christmas promises to be veryjolly here. Morrie and his newwife, Frances with her husbandand two children will join mefor a real family reunion. Ihope each of you will have ashappy a Christmas as is antici-pated here in the desert country.Also, may the New Year bringyou the answer to all of yourlittle problems that have notbeen solved by the passing of1941.

-Virg Halladay

Dorothy Bone, chairman of thecommittee.

The annual Christmas partyheld in connection with the aux-iliary at the J. P. Schwartz homeon December 9th, was a rousingsuccess with a large attendanceand throughly enjoyed by all.

-P. S.

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THE LOG BOOK_--s C- ~ ~ ~ · · I·C~IEI~~l·~·BP·-~C-~l-~-

The Log BookThe Oficial Publication of

DES MOINES STILL COLLEGEOF OSTEOPATHY

Editor .... ..........Arthur D. Becker

Co-editor Richard F. Snyder, B.S.

Osteopathy Without Limitation

Spine and PelvisAs a Unit

It is becoming increasinglyevident to osteopathic physiciansand :particularly to those who

ARTHUR D. BECKER, D. 0.have made intensive and exhaus-tive study of problems of tech-nique, that it is necessary to con-sider the spine and the pelvicgirdle as a physiolog;cal unit. In-dividualized lesions in any partof the spine or pelvic do not, forthe most part, exist by them-selves but are rather localizedevidences of loss of integrity ofthe balance and functional re-sourcefulness of the entire spineand pelvic girdle. The modernview is to look upon the pelvis asthe foundation of the spine. Itssupports must be equal and itsarticulations moveable so that itmay adapt itself to the stressesand strains incident, to! locomo-tion and to the support of thesuperincumbent weight which itmust carry. It is an adaptablestructure and must have the fullnormal capacity for making suchadaptations to the strains andleverage brought to bear upon it.

The spine consists of twenty-four moveable vertebrae, uponthe upper most one of which reststhe occiput. Twenty-five percent of the length of the spinefrom the upper surface of thesacrum to the occiput consists ofintervertebral discs. The integ-rity of the spine is dependentupon a series of guy ropes, madeup of muscles, ligaments and fac-ial planes. There is nothing inthe structure in the vertebrabones that would be effective inmaintaininig the integrity of thespine in the erect position. Suchintegrity is due to the normaltenacity of the guy ropes whichnot only maintain normal rela-tive position of. vertebrae but by

CHRISTMAS GREETINGSThe Christmas holidays have come this year to a war

torn and sadly stricken world, with grief and blood shed,misery and suffering. I think no one who is at all sensitiveto the pulse beat of the world can be truly happy or care-free. Even here in our own United States, we feel the horrorand the savage back-lash of the almost world wide catas-trophe. Man's greed and unrestrained ambition and lack ofmutual understanding have plunged the world into a madvortex of carnage and destruction.

While all of this is true, we here in this beloved countryof ours, have much for which to be thankful and grateful.The fine spirit of brotherly love and kindly neighborly intereststill permeates and directs our individual actions and ournational policies. The Christ-like spirit of loving one anotherstill directs our thinking and our actions. We are sincerelydesirous of doing those things which will bring peace on earthand good will toward men.

The world has become increasingly small. Europe onehundred years ago, separated from us by weeks of dangerousocean voyage, has now been placed upon our very doorstepby modern means of travel. Even the mighty reaches of thegreat Pacific have been shrunk to insignificant distance be-cause of the almost unbelievable advances in modern trans-portation. There is no more isolation. We are near neighborsto the far corners of the earth and the political, economic andsocial satus of each is the immediate and intimate concernof all.

It behooves each thoughtful individual to do away withwishful thinking and idle dreaming in the world such as weface today. Each must prepare himself or herself withstrength of character and mental development to take theirplace in a world that demands much of bravery, fortitude andintellectual vision. We must be useful citizens. We mustgird ourselves with competance and Skill. We must prepareourselves for a useful service.

Osteopathy offers such a field for qualified young men andwomen. The opportunities that offer in ways of humanitarianservice by osteopathic physicians and surgeons are numerousand of vital importance to the well-being and happiness of thosewho come within their care. Osteopathic education institutionshave moved forward in rapid strides and offer thorough scienti-fic and practical training to qualified young men and womenwho would be interested in the work of the modern physicianand surgeon. Des Moines Still College of 'Osteopathy will beglad to correspond with such interested young men and womenand to supply them with catalogs and literature for theirinformation. -A. D. B ., D. O.

way of the muscular guy ropesact to move the spine in variousdesired movements and positions.If the foundation of the spine isdisturbed and thrown out of bal-ance, stress patterns form throu-ghout the entire length of thespine. These stress patterns orpostural stresses tend to localizeat many possible and variouspoints in the production of whatare often times thought of aslocalized individual osteopathicspinal lesions. The normalizationof such localized lesion areas andtheir maintenance in normal con-dition can only be accomplishedas the result of the careful con-sideration and evaluation andnormalization of the entire spineand pelvis as a physiological unit.Mediocre and unsatisfactory re-sults in osteopathic treatment arein large part due to failure torecognize the importance of thisphysiological unity. Such a visionof osteopathic manipulative pro-cedures brings a world of inter-esting problems, the solution ofwhich will bring increasing satis-faction to careful, conscientiousosteopathic physicians and sur-geons. A. D. B., D. 0.

Embryology(Continued from Page One)

LOG BOOK, November, 1941, TheGerm Layers.)

The pituitary body, composedof two distinct-histological units,takes origin from two sources.The roof of the embryomicmouth evaginates upward asRathke's pocket and takes its po-sition beside a ventral evagina-tion from the tween-brain, calledthe infundibulum. The two unitsform a composite gland, situatedin the sella turcica of the sphe-noid bone. The anterior lobe ofthe pituitary gland has been as-signed so many functions that ithas frequently been called the"master gland" of the body; theposterior lobe, less pretentious,produces but two well recognizedhormones, an oxytocic factor anda vasoconstrictor factor.

The pineal gland arises as anoutgrowth from the dorsal side ofthe tween-brain. It is belhevedto be the remnant of the parietaleye of many extinct vertebrates

and is, indeed, photosensitiveeven in modern lizards. Its func-tion in humans, however, is pro-blematical.

As the neural tube is formed inthe embryo, groups of segment-ally paired cells fail to becomeassociated with either the neuraltube or skin. These are the neu-ral crest cells, and ultimatelythey give rise to the dorsal rootganglia, sensory nerves and neu-rilemma sheaths, to the sym-pathetic ganglia and sympatheticmotor nerves and to anotherseries of structures called thechromaffin bodies. Of this groupthe carotid body and adrenalmedulla are the most conspicu-ous. Perhaps it is the identity oforigin of the adrenal medulla andsympathetic nerves that formsthe basis of the sympathomineticaction of adrenalin.

Three glands-thyroid, parathy-roid arises from the floor of thepharynx between the first pairof gill pouches, the parathyroidsfrom the dorsal side of the thirdand fourth pairs of gill pouches,and the thymus from the ventralportions of the same pouches.& Itis frequently stated that theseglands are "leftovers" from therespiratory system which werenecessitated by the transforma-tions accompanying terrestriallife. This can -hardly- be true,however, in light of the fact thatall of the glands, with the excep-tion of the parathyroids, arefound even in fishes.

Secretin, a hormone responsiblefor pancreatic and hepatic secre-tions, was the first of the endoc-rine secretions to be identified. Itis produced by the cells of theduodenal mucosa, perhaps theleast respected of the endocrineglands. A duodenal evagination,the pancreas, has achieved great-er prominence by virtue of theisolated apical portions of its ductsystem, the islets of Langerhans,whose duties in conjunction Withcarbohydrate metabolism aremanifold.

The embryonic lining of theperitoneal cavity is responsiblefor the other glands of internalsecretion. The neural crestwhich migrate to a position abovethe kidneys become encapsulatedby a peritoneal fold which per-sists as the adrenal cortex. Stillanother portion of the urinogeni-tal fold gives rise to the gonads.It would therefore be responsiblefor the production of the folli-cular and luteal hormones. Theplacental hormone (A. P. L.) isproduced by the chorionic villiof the developing embryo andhence would be of ectodermalorigin.

The interstitial cells of thetestis presumably are not pro-duced from the embryonic peri-toneal epithelium, but would beregarded as derivatives of theunderlying mesenchyme. Both thesecretory epithelial and the in-terstitial cells of the testis areof mesodermal origin.

-Hugh Clark, Ph. D

NEXT CLASS ENTERS JIANUARY 24

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THE LOG BOOK

-- Civilian Defe

Civilian DefenseDr. Theresa Burns HonoredTheresa Burns, D. 0, 216 West

Montgomery Street, Creston, hasbeen appointed by GovernorGeorge A. Wilson as a memberof the Union County Civilian De-fense Council.

County Chairman AppointedPresident Jordan reports that

he has appointed the followingphysicians to serve as CountyChairmen representing the So-ciety's Council on Defense andPreparedness in their respectiveCounties:

T. A. Kapfer, Greenfield AdairCounty; Warren L. Gardiner, Cor-ning, Adams County; CharlesBoyden, Waukon, Allamakee Coun-ty; Charles A. Wheeler, Center-ville, Appanoose County; Phil S.MrQuirk, Audubon, AudubonC'ounty; C. 0. Sitookey, Vinton,Benton County; J. W. Peterson,Waterloo, Black Hawk County; R.F. Westfall, Boone, Boone County;M. E. Green, Storm Lake, BuenaVista County; Marion R. Hunt,Greene, Butler County; Geo. A.Purdie,, Rockwell City, CalhounCounty; Lester McNichols, C'arrollCarroll County; H. M. Sash, At-lantic, Cass County; NV. ivi. L'ur I-ish, Tipton, Cedar County; H. H.Jennings, Mason City Cerro Gor-do County; J. A. Hirschman, Cher-okee, Cherokee County; GeorgeMillenbaugh, New Hampton,Chickasaw County; F. A. Martin,Murray, Clarke County; B. O.Hoard, Spencer, Clay County; Rob-ert F. Herrick, Clinton, ClintonCounty; Anna E. Gelander, Man-illa, Crawford County; A. F. Stef-fan, Bloomfield, Davis County;Bessie Nudd, Burlington, Des'Moines County; B. W. Jones, SpiritLake, Dickinson County; Clyde N.Maughan, Leon, Decatur County;D. S. House, Dubuque, DubuqueCounty; Thomas C. Mann Esther-ville,, Elmmet County; Stacy M.Andrews, Oelwein, Fayette Coun-ty; B. M. Hudson, Charles City,Floyd County; H.D. Wright, Hamp-ton, Franklin County; Walter G.Nelson, Sidney, Fremont County;J. K. Johnson, Jr., Jefferson,Greene County; Laura D. Her-mann, Reinbeck, Grundy County;Don R. Hickey, Bayard, GuthrieCounty; Ernest E. Light Ells-worth, Hamilton County; W. L.Tindall, Woden, Hancock County;L. E. Gordon, Iowa Falls, HardinCounty; N. D. Weir, Woobdine,Harrison County; E. V. Chance,Winfield, Henry County; T. S.Clark, Bradgate, Humboldt Coun-ty; T E. Hart, Ida Grove, IdaCounty; J. E. Gray, Newton, Jas-per County; C. K. Risser, Maquo-keta, Jackson County; C. R. Rey-nolds, Fairfield, Jefferson County;Frances C. Nerby, Iowa City,Johnson County; Clayton A.Reeves, Anamosa, Jones County;R. E. Shaver, Sigourney, KeokukCounty; W.r D. Andrews, Algona,Kossuth C'ounty; M. G. Tincher,Ft. Madison, Lee County: E. W.McWilliams, Columbus Junction,Louisa County; B. A. Wayland,Cedar Rapids, Linn County; J. G.Garton, Chariton, Lucas County;J. C. Bishop,; Rock Rapids, LyonCounty; IPaul E. Eggleston, Win-terest, Madison County; B. D.Elliott, Oskaloosa, Mahaska Coun-ty; D. H. Stone, Knoxville, MarionCounty; -F. A. Gordon, Marshall-town, Marshall County; J. A.Kline, Malvern,, Mills County;Matie R Kitson, Osage, MitchellCounty; Rex Martin, Onawa, Mon-ona County; W. S. Edmund, RedOak Montgomery County; D. H.Grau, Muscatine, Muscatine Coun-ty; C. N. Stryker, Sheldon, O'BrienCounty; Sara Miller, Sibley, Osce-ola County; Leo Sturmer, Shenan-doah, Page County; Alice R. Paul-sen, LeMars, Plymouth County;C. E. Worster, Laurens, Pocahon-tas County; R. G. Trimble, Monte-zuma, Poweshiek County; Leigh S.Beamer, Tingley, Ringgold Coun-ty; Loren Green,, Sac City, SacCounty; L. A. Nowlin, Davenport,Scott County; Harold Somers, Ha-

warden, Sioux County; H. L. Gul-den, Ames, Story County; J. J.Henderson, Toledo,, Tama County;M. J. Sluss, Lenox, Taylor County;Sherman Opp, Creston, UnionCounty; J. W. Rinabarger, Keo-sauqua, Van Buren County; I. S.Lodwick,; Ottumwa, Wapello Coun-ty; M. C. Day, Indianola, WarrenCounty; Preston L. Etter, Wash-ington, WVashington County; B. D.Howland, Decorah, WinneshiekCounty; W. C. Gordon, Sioux City,Woodbury County; C. W. Peter-son, Fertile, Worth County; H.Lachmiller, Clarion, Wright Coun-ty.

It is the duty and responsibilityof each such County Chairman torepresent the osteopathic profes-sion in his area, in co-operationwith the officials of the State So-ciety, by making available to theCivilian Defense Council of hisCounty the services of the localosteopathic physicians, their in-stitutions and resources for usein all phases of public health ac-tivity which may be initiated andsponsored by any such Council.

The members of the State So-ciety's Council on Defense andPreparedness are Dr. S. H. Klein,Chairman, Dr. H. D. Wright andDr. Phil McQuirk. It is the dutyof this Council, under the direc-tion and supervision of PresidentJordan, to advise and assist allCounty Chairmen in this mostimportant undertaking.

Child Health ClinicDr. Mary E. Golden, Vice-

President and Chairman of theMaternal and Child Health Com-mittee of the Society, reportsthat four osteopathic physiciansconducted the Four County FairChild Health Clinic at Ackley,Iowa, on Monday, November 24,1941. The four physicians whogave up their practice for the en-tire day in order to devote un-interrupted service to the childhealth project are: Dr. R. W.Baird, Ackley; Dr. Beryl Free-man, Des Moines; Dr. J. J. Hen-derson, Toledo, and Dr. Mary EGolden, Des Moines.

Professional AffairsA meeting of the Committee

Chairmen of the Department ofProfessional Affairs, was held oncall of Department Chairman Dr.J. K. Johnson, Jr., at the officeof Dr. H. L. Gulden, Ames, onSunday, November 30, at 2:00 p.m. The following attended, inaddition to Dr. Johnson, Jr., whopresided: Dr. H. L. Gulden, Ames,Chairman Membership Commit-tee; Dr. Mary E. Golden, DesMoines, Chairman ConventionProgram Committee; Dr. H. AGraney, Des Moines, ChairmanHospitals Committee; Dr. J. W.Rinabarger, Keosauqua, Chair-man Ethics and Censorship Com-mittee; Dr. John Q. A. Mattern,Des Moines, Chairman VocationalGuidance Committee; Dr. RuthPaul, Des Moines, Chairman Con-vention Arrangements Commit-tee; Dr. H. J. Marshall, DesMoines, Chairman OphthalmologyCommittee; Dr. Theo. M. Tueck-es, Davenport, Chairman Publicand Professional Welfare Com-mittee; Dr. Lester P. Fagen, DesMoines, Chairman Public Educa-tion Committee; Dr. O. EdwinOwen, Des Moines, ChairmanRadio Committee; and Dwight S.James, lay secretary and attor-ney for the Society. The onlyCommittee Chairman absent wasDr. J. R. Forbes, Swea City, who

was unable to be present becauseof illness.

Committee reports were madefollowed by general discussion,considerat on and adoption ofplans for future activity of allCommittee Chairmen.

Following the meeting a mostinviting and excellent buffet din-ner was served to the memberspresent at the home of Dr. andMrs. -Gulden.

Lions Club Elects Dr. WoodsDr. John M. Woods has been

elected to the Board of Directorsof the Lions Club of Des Moines.

Dwight S. James, Sec.-Treas.

Diagnostic Procedures

(Continued From Page One)female. If there is a deficiencyin the amount of hemoglobin inthe red-cell without an appreci-able decrease in the number ofcells we call it an hypochromicanemia. There may be either adecrease in the amount of hem-oglobin in the individual redblood-cell or there may be reduc-tion in the total number of cells.The size of the red cells varieswith the amount of hemoglobincontinued. If they are of aver-age size' (7.5 m) the term nor-mocyte is applied, if smaller thannormal they are microcytes, iflarger than normal-macrocytes.The Color Index is used to ex-press the amount of hemoglobincontained in each cell. This isdetermined by dividing the per-centage of hemoglobin by thepercentage of erythrocytes. (Thepercentage of erythrocytes is de-termined by multiplying the firsttwo figures of the red-cell countby 2.) Therefore, if the per-centage of hemoglobin is 100%and the total red count is 5,000,-000 (100%) the Color Index is1.0, a normal reading. If theColor Index is below 1.0 the in-dication is that there is less thanthe normal amount of hemoglo-bin in the individual red blood-cell. In many cases the totalcount will also be reduced, add-ing to the anemic picture. Wefind this situation chiefly in theiron deficiency anemias when thebone-marrow has not been sup-plied sufficient raw materialsfrom which to manufacture hem-oglobin, hence a smaller amountof hemoglobin is placed in eachcell. Thus we have arrived atthe natient's svmtoms of dyspneaon exertion, easy fatigue and pal-lor, which are an expression ofanoxemia. Keep in mind that allof the symptoms of anemia aredue to oxygen starvation by thecells of the body. If the defici-ency is in the early stages, thetotal red-cell count will be prac-tically normal an hypochromicnormacytic anemia. If the con-dition has been present for a con-siderable time, the cells will bereduced in total number as wellas in amount of hemogobin, anhypochromic microcytic anemia.

The Color Index in perniciousanemia is different. The totalcount will be very low, perhapsdown to 2,000,000 or lower, butin order to transport as muchoxygen as possible each cell isliterally packed with hemoglobinand will be larger than normal.

We Regret

Space this month prohibits usfrom reporting the fine work ofour organizations of which weare justly proud. Each one, how-ever, wishes you a very MerryChristmas and Prosperous NewYear. -We list them below andassure you that we will returntheir space to them in the nextissue.

Dr. and Mrs. Wm. F. Costelloof Monroe, Michigan, wish to an-nounce the arrival of WilliamFrancis Costello III, November26, 1941.

Therefore we call it an hyper-chromic macrocytic anemia.

With these simple computationsmade we are able to more intel-ligently proceed with treatment.In the next article the classifica-tion of anemias will be discussed.It is an interesting fact that ane-mia is one form or another isvery prevalent at the presenttime and deserves careful con-sideration by the physician.

-0. Edwin Owen,-D. 0.

An Unusual Case

A most interesting experi-ence was recently related.by Dr. R. J. Haas of Cres-cent, Oklahoma. In his ownwords:

"On August 2, 1940 I de-livered triplets to a womanof our local community,one boy and two girlsweighing 4/2, 41/ and 4lbs. On November 14, 1941,I was again called to attendthis same mother and ush-ered into the world my firstset of quadruplets. Therewere two boys and twogirls, weighing 5, 4, 4 and3/4 lbs. I'm looking for-ward to next year for quin-tuplets.

"In my six years of prac-tice I have made 312 deliv-eries with only one stillborn and no maternaldeaths and am enjoying ob-stetrics better every day."

Dr. Haas gives Osteo-pathy a good deal of creditfor his commendable rec-ord. We would appreciatecomments and unusualcases from other alumniand members of the Osteo-pathic profession.

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