DiversityDiversity

Galapagos IslandsGalapagos Islands

Galapagos IslandsGalapagos Islands

Located about 600 miles west of Located about 600 miles west of EcuadorEcuador

Consists of 13 volcanic islands and Consists of 13 volcanic islands and numerous islets and rocksnumerous islets and rocks

Discovered by accident in 1535Discovered by accident in 1535 First scientific study done in 1835 by First scientific study done in 1835 by

Charles Darwin while aboard the HMS Charles Darwin while aboard the HMS BeagleBeagle

Galapago’s FinchesGalapago’s Finches

Diversity of Beak FormsDiversity of Beak Forms

Beak form and Beak form and function are function are related to survivialrelated to survivial

Natural SelectionNatural Selection

Organisms with characteristics suited Organisms with characteristics suited to their environment will survive and to their environment will survive and produce the most offspringproduce the most offspring

““Survival of the fittest”Survival of the fittest” Adaptations will be passed to future Adaptations will be passed to future

generationsgenerations

NichesNiches

Role of an organism in an ecosystemRole of an organism in an ecosystem Includes resources utilized, Includes resources utilized,

relationships, and activities the relationships, and activities the organism engagesorganism engages

Each species has its own nicheEach species has its own niche

TerminologyTerminology

Ecosystem – all living organisms in a Ecosystem – all living organisms in a given area and their interactions with given area and their interactions with their environmenttheir environment

Species – a group of organisms that Species – a group of organisms that is able to breed freely and produce is able to breed freely and produce viable offspringviable offspring

Bird’s FeetBird’s Feet

Diversity of Beak FormsDiversity of Beak Forms

Diversity of Beak FormsDiversity of Beak Forms

Diversity of Beak FormsDiversity of Beak Forms

Habitat RequirementsHabitat Requirements

What do you need to survive?What do you need to survive?

Habitat RequirementsHabitat Requirements

FoodFood WaterWater ShelterShelter SpaceSpace

Biotic PotentialBiotic Potential

Limiting FactorsLimiting Factors

Interspecies competitionInterspecies competition Intraspecies competitionIntraspecies competition DiseaseDisease PredationPredation DisastersDisasters Balance other factors such as birth Balance other factors such as birth

rate, early reproductive age.rate, early reproductive age. Effect is to increase death rateEffect is to increase death rate Produces S-curveProduces S-curve

S Shaped CurveS Shaped Curve

Carrying Capacity

Number of individuals an ecosystem can support

indefinitely.

Resources are not used faster than they are replaced!

Human InterferenceHuman Interference

Increase available food sourcesIncrease available food sources Decrease available spaceDecrease available space Elimination of predatorsElimination of predators