distribution planning with der: distribution system-wide … · · 2018-03-15detailed feeder...
TRANSCRIPT
© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Jeff Smith, Manager,
Power System Studies
Matthew Rylander, Technical Leader
Power System Studies
EPRI
Distribution Planning
with DER: Distribution
System-Wide Impact
Assessment Methods
Integrating PV in Distribution Grids:
Solutions and Technologies Workshop
NREL ESIF
October 22, 2015
Golden, Colorado
2© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Evolving Planning Tools
Vendor tools advance at the rate their customers require
additional functionality
– Sequential time-series analysis
Open-Source tools like OpenDSS advance more quickly as
needed for research
– Smart inverter controls
– System-wide planning (Distribution Resource Plans)
– Distribution System Management (DMS) applications
3© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
System-wide began years ago…
Detailed Feeder Hosting Capacity
Baseline – No PV
PV Penetration 1
PV Penetration 2
PV Penetration 3
Beyond…
Increase Penetration
Levels Until Violations
Occur
• voltage
• protection
• power quality
• thermal
PV Systems
Process is
repeated
100’s of times
to capture
many
possible
scenarios
4© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Detailed Analysis led to…
What matters most?
DER technology and impacts
DER size and location
Feeder design and operation
Impact
Below
Threshold
Impact
Depends
Impact
Above
Threshold
Voltage
Protection coordination
Thermal capacity
DER Technology
and Impacts
DER Size and
Location
Feeder Design
and Operation
5© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Question Arose… How to Analyze System-Wide?
Detailed system analysis requires significant time/resources
“Work-arounds” have included:
– Detailed analysis on select feeders and extrapolating results to others
– Simplified screening analysis on all feeders
Extrapolation Problem:
Two similar feeders with different results
Screening Problem:
Under and over conservative results
Impact
Below
Threshold
Impact
Depends
Impact
Above
Threshold
Feeder A Feeder B
Current Analysis Methods Aren’t Sufficient
6© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
To go System-wide, New Methods are Needed
Captures what matters most– DER technology and impacts
– DER size and location
– Feeder design and operation
Key Components of an Effective Method
EPRI’s
Streamlined
Hosting
Capacity
Method
• Capture unique feeder-specific responsesGranular
• As distribution feeders changeRepeatable
• System-wide assessmentScalable
• Clear and open methods for analysisTransparent
• Validated techniquesProven
• Utilize readily available utility data and toolsAvailable
7© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Streamlined Hosting Capacity Method – What is it?
Input
Database of feeders from distribution planning software (CYME, Milsoft, Synergi)
The Method
Developed from years of detailed hosting capacity analysis
Works within existing planning tools
Considers voltage, thermal, and protection impacts
Considers DER technology impacts
Considers DER size and location
Output
Effectively and efficiently analyzes each and every feeder in system
Provides Node-level, feeder-level, and system-level hosting capacity
Issues found at X penetration
Locations where DER is more/less likely to cause grid issues
Details on Streamlined Method: EPRI Report 3002003278, 2015
Database of existing
distribution feeder planning
models
8© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Streamlined Hosting Capacity Method – What is it?
Input
Database of feeders from distribution planning software (CYME, Milsoft, Synergi)
The Method
Developed from years of detailed hosting capacity analysis
Works within existing planning tools
Considers voltage, thermal, and protection impacts
Considers DER technology impacts
Considers DER size and location
Output
Effectively and efficiently analyzes each and every feeder in system
Provides Node-level, feeder-level, and system-level hosting capacity
Issues found at X penetration
Locations where DER is more/less likely to cause grid issues
Details on Streamlined Method: EPRI Report 3002003278, 2015
On Feeder-by-feeder, step
ranges of distribution locations
to determine ranges of hosting
capacity
9© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Streamlined Hosting Capacity Method – What is it?
Input
Database of feeders from distribution planning software (CYME, Milsoft, Synergi)
The Method
Developed from years of detailed hosting capacity analysis
Works within existing planning tools
Considers voltage, thermal, and protection impacts
Considers DER technology impacts
Considers DER size and location
Output
Effectively and efficiently analyzes each and every feeder in system
Provides Node-level, feeder-level, and system-level hosting capacity
Issues found at X penetration
Locations where DER is more/less likely to cause grid issues
Details on Streamlined Method: EPRI Report 3002003278, 2015
case by case look needed
Location √no impact
Location XPotential risk
10© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Power System Criteria Evaluation
Power System Criteria
Thermal
Substation transformer
Primary conductor
Service Transformer
Secondary Conductor
Power Quality/Voltage
Sudden (fast) voltage change
Steady-state voltage
Voltage regulator impact
Load tap changer impact
Protection
Relay reduction of
reach
Sympathetic tripping
Element fault current
Reverse power flow
Reliability/Safety
Unintentional islanding
Operational flexibility
11© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Substation Marker
*Hosting Capacity
Distribution System-Wide Hosting CapacitySample Results from One Utility Application
System Hosting Capacity(~ 300 distribution feeders)
*Initial analysis results from TVA/
EPB study, results not finalized
lower
higher
Inform
transmission
studies
12© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Substation-level
Hosting Capacity
Substation Marker
*Hosting Capacity
Distribution System-Wide Hosting CapacitySample Results from One Utility Application
System Hosting Capacity(~ 300 distribution feeders)
*Initial analysis results from TVA/
EPB study, results not finalized
lower
higher
Inform
transmission
studies
Identify
feeders
13© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Substation-level
Hosting Capacity
Substation Marker
*Hosting Capacity
Distribution System-Wide Hosting CapacitySample Results from One Utility Application
System Hosting Capacity(~ 300 distribution feeders)
Feeder-level
Hosting Capacity
*Initial analysis results from TVA/
EPB study, results not finalized
lower
higher
Inform
transmission
studies
Identify issues
and locations
Identify
feeders
14© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Graphic Visualization of System-Wide Results
Substation-Level
Minimum Hosting Capacity
Substation-Level
Maximum Hosting Capacity
Hosting Capacity
lower
higher
15© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution of Feeder Hosting Capacity Values
Large-Scale Centralized PV
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
0
10
20
30
40
50
0
0.5 1
1.5 2
2.5 3
3.5 4
4.5 5
5.5 6
6.5 7
7.5 8
8.5 9
9.5 10
Mo
re
Cu
mu
lati
ve D
istr
ibu
tio
n
Feed
er C
ou
nt
Distribution of Feeder Hosting12kV Feeders
Min Hosting CapacityMax Hosting Capacity
16© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Applications For Streamlined Hosting Capacity Method
Improving interconnection screening
(accuracy and efficiency)
Identifying optimal locations for
locating DER
Mapping DER impacts across
system
Identifying issues/mitigations needed
to accommodate higher penetrations
Establishing the cost/benefit of DER
Informing distribution resource plans
Informing bulk system studies
=
Feeder Level
Feeder Level
Feeder Level
Substation Level
17© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Advancing the Core Analytical Method (Streamlined Hosting Capacity Algorithm)
Implemented separate from DSA platform interface/output
Further advancements are underway – and will be ongoing thru R&D and utility implementation
Near-term capabilities to be added
– Mitigation: accommodating higher than existing hosting capacity
– DER Value: thermal capacity and energy
– Smart inverters: guidance for settings and determining higher hosting capacity values
– Energy storage: constrained and controlled
Interface to Utility
Planning Tool (CYME,
Synergi, Milsoft,
other)
Utility Implementation
DER Research
Core Analytical Method
Output/Visualization
18© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Wrap-Up
Existing methods aren’t sufficient to address today’s challenges
New methods are needed
Advancing open-source tools is first step (OpenDSS)
Applications/methods can then be implemented in commercial tools
Streamlined Hosting Capacity Method Currently Developed in
– CYME
– Synergi
– Milsoft
Current Applications
– DOE SUNRISE Project (TVA +Southern Co)
– EPRI Project (SRP, XCEL, SCE, Central Hudson, HydroOne)
– > 3000 feeders analyzed
Incorporating EPRI’s Hosting
Capacity Method into existing
utility planning tool
EPRI
Streamlined
Hosting
Module
Existing
Planning Tools(CYME, Milsoft,
Synergi)
19© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Together…Shaping the Future of Electricity
20© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
References
Detailed Hosting Capacity Method
Analysis of High-Penetration Solar PV Impacts for Distribution Planning: Stochastic and Time-Series Methods for Determining Feeder Hosting Capacity. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2012. 1026640
Rylander, M., Smith, J., “Comprehensive Approach for Determining Distribution Network Hosting Capacity for Solar PV”, 2nd International Workshop on Integration of Solar Power Into Power Systems, Lisbon, Portugal, Nov 2012.
Rylander, M., Smith, J., "Stochastic Approach for Distribution Planning with Distributed Energy Resources", 2012 CIGRE Grid of the Future Symposium, Kansas City, MO, 2012
Analysis of High-Penetration Solar PV Impacts for Distribution Planning: Stochastic and Time-Series Methods for Determining Feeder Hosting Capacity. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2012. 1026640
Rylander, M., Smith, J., "Comprehensive Approach for Determining Distribution Network Hosting Capacity for Solar PV", 2nd International Workshop on Integration of Solar Power Into Distribution Systems, 12-13 November, 2012
Rylander, M., Smith, J., Lewis, D., Steffel, S., "Voltage Impacts from Distributed Photovoltaics on Two Distribution Feeders", IEEE PES, Vancouver, Canada, 2013
Distributed Photovoltaic Feeder Analysis: Preliminary Findings from Hosting Capacity Analysis of 18 Distribution Feeders. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2013. 3002001245.
Alternatives to the 15% Rule: Modeling and Hosting Capacity Analysis of 16 Feeders. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2015. 3002005812.
Streamlined Hosting Capacity Method
A New Method for Characterizing Distribution System Hosting Capacity for Distributed Energy Resources: A Streamlined Approach for Solar Photovoltaics. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2014. 3002003278.
Rylander, M., Smith, J., Sunderman, W., “Streamlined Method For Determining Distribution System Hosting Capacity”, 23rd
International Conference on Electricity Distribution, CIRED, Lyon, France, 2015
Rylander, M., Smith, J., Sunderman, W., “Streamlined Method For Determining Distribution System Hosting Capacity”, Rural Electric Power Conference, Asheville, NC, 2015 (accepted for IAS Transactions)
Distribution Feeder Hosting Capacity: What Matters When Planning for DER?. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2015. 3002004777
General
The Integrated Grid: A Benefit-Cost Framework,” EPRI, Palo Alto, CA. 3002004878, 2015.
Distribution Feeder Hosting Capacity: What Matters When Planning for DER?. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2015. 3002004777
Smith, J., Rylander, M., Rogers, L., Dugan, R., “It’s All in the Plans: Maximizing the Benefits and Minimizing the Impacts of DERs in an Integrated Grid”, Power and Energy Magazine, March/April 2015.