Distillation

Britto Samuel MII Msc Biotechnology,

Department of BiotechnologyAVS College of Arts and Science ,

Salem.

Distillation

• Distillation is a process of separating the component from a liquid mixture by evaporation and condensation.

• Distillation gives the expected component which we expecting.

• Distillation of fermented products produces distilled beverages with a high alcohol content, or separates out other fermentation products for commercial value

• In short: “Distillation is the process of heating a liquid to form its vapours and then condensing the vapour to form the liquid

History• Evidence of distillation comes from

Greek alchemists working in Alexandria in the 1st century AD. Distilled water has been known since at least c. 200, when Alexander of Aphrodisias described the process

• Clear evidence of the distillation of alcohol comes from the

• The first book solely dedicated to the subject of distillation, followed in 1512 by a much expanded version School of Salerno in the 12th century process

• However, the pot is still widely used for the elaboration of some fine alcohols such as cognac, Scotch whisky, tequila and some vodkas.

Applications

• Distillation used mostly in 4 different areas:

* Laboratory scale

* Industrial distillation

* Distillation of herbs for perfumery and medicinal

* Food processing

Process of Distillation

Process of Distillation

• Heat observed by the water will get evaporation.• When the evaporated gas forced to cool using

water reflux, • the evaporated gas converted t liquid form and it

can be collected• The End product will be pure and expected

component.

Few Types of Distillation

• 1.Batch distillation• 2.Continuous distillation • 3.Fractional distillation• 4.Vacuum distillation • 5.Zone distillation

Batch Distillation : •Batch Distillation refers to the use of distillation in batches•batch distillation, which is mainly used in specialty chemical, biochemical, and pharmaceutical industries;• Batch distillation is the oldest separation process and the most widely used unit operation in the batch industry. Batch distillation is highly preferable to continuous distillation when high-value-added, low-volume chemicals must be separated.

continuous distillation.

• continuous distillation, which is primarily implemented in the petrochemical and bulk chemical industries

• In continuous distillation the feed is constantly supplied to the column, and the top and bottom products are simultaneously obtained under a steady-state operation. The upper section of the feed point is referred to as the rectifying section, as a low-boiling temperature component is enriched.

Batch Distillation

Continuous Distillation

Other Distillation Process

Industrial distillation• Large scale industrial distillation applications

include both batch and continuous fractional, vacuum, extractive, and steam distillation.

Industrially available CD

Distillation in food processing

• plant materials are allowed to ferment, producing a dilute solution of ethanol in the process.

• Spirits such as whiskey and rum are prepared by distilling these dilute solutions of ethanol.

• Components other than ethanol, including water, esters, and other alcohols, are collected in the condensate, which account for the flavor of the beverage

Reference

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillation• https://www.google.co.in/url?

sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwjGk8HxgIzOAhUI8mMKHcN0D8wQjxwIAw&url=http%3A%2F%2Felseware.univ-pau.fr%2FMAINPAGEPUB%2Fdistill%2Findex.html&psig=AFQjCNEEQHbTIiS0lEi5Vv3--xdL90BVFg&ust=1469446483189214

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxNfJLMNS4E

Questions ?

Thank You