OPENING:

Watch Andy Griffith’s “Barney Remembers the

Preamble to the Constitution”

Barney Fife-TeacherTube

CLOSING:

•QUIZ

STANDARD: USHC 1.4-ANALYZE HOW DISSATISFACTIONS WITH THE GOVERNMENT UNDER THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION WERE ADDRESSED WITH

THE WRITING OF THE CONSTITUTION OF 1787.

WORK PERIOD: •Constitution Lecture and

Notes •Activity

•Assessment •Repeat

How to Take Notes…

Standard 1.4 and 1.5 The Constitution

KEY TERM/ PHRASE

What does it mean? Why is it important?

KEY TERM/ PHRASE

What does it mean? Why is it important?

KEY TERM/ PHRASE

What does it mean? Why is it important?

CREATING A NEW GOVERNMENT

The most fundamental problem of the Confederation government was the lack of power to solve national problems.

They soon decided to create an entirely new Constitution instead of amending the Articles

“Compromise”

The Constitutional Convention

55 delegates

Representing 12 of the 13 states

Met in Philadelphia

May - September 1787

“FOUNDERS”

Rhode Island did not attend

Liked the weak Articles of Confederation

Who has Authority?

Authority to govern was granted by “We, the people” to the national government. (Remember, no taxation w/o representation!)

Mission

#1 Goal – FIX the Articles of Confederation.

Threw out the A of C

Started completely over

Compromise was the order of the day

Convention Ideas

Virginia Plan:

Representation by population

Bicameral legislature

2 Bodies

Executive elected by Congress

Could override state law

New Jersey Plan:

Representation by States

Unicameral legislature

1 Body

Weak executive

No independent judiciary

No power over states

GREAT COMPROMISE

After a deadlock that dragged on & on, Roger Sherman finally suggested the Great Compromise which satisfied both big & small states

Bicameral Congress with House of Reps based on population (VA Plan) and Senate based on one state = one vote (NJ Plan)

THREE-FIFTHS COMPROMISE

Next difficult issue: Slavery

Southern states wanted slaves included in the population figures used to determine Representatives

Northern states which had few slaves, disagreed

Compromise was to count each slave as 3/5ths of a person

DIVISION OF POWERS Next issue: Should the

National government or the states hold power? Who shall be sovereign?

Delegates choose to split power

Federalism system developed

Federal government had delegated, or enumerated powers (Coin, trade, war, etc.)

States had reserved powers (education)

Concurrent Powers-Shared between both

SEPARATION OF POWERS Check out pg 143 in your textbook for help!

Limits the power of the government.

Legislative Branch

Power to create laws

Reps in the House of Representatives directly elected by the voters.

Senators through indirect election.

Executive Branch

Power to carry out laws

Feared the uncontrolled will of the people so they created the electoral college for election of the president

Judicial Branch

Power to interpret the law

Feared the uncontrolled will of the people so they provided that justices of the Supreme Court should be nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate.

ACTIVITY-Part I

Assessment-Part I

Answer the following question on notebook paper.

Imagine you are a delegate from South Carolina at the Constitutional Convention. Which ideas do you think would work best for the new federal government, in light of your states’ needs, and why? Would you want to preserve states’ rights or expand federal power? Would you support the Great Compromise, or fight for the Virginia or New Jersey Plan? How would you react to the three-fifths compromise?

NOTES-Part 2

Continue taking Cornell Notes as you did in Part I.

Ratification

ONLY 9 of 13 HAD TO RATIFY

Federalist

Supporters of the Constitution

Strong CENTRAL gov’t

*Federalist Papers – Explained the Framers’ intention

Helped people understand

Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison

Ratification

Anti-Federalist

Strict interpretation

Strong STATE gov’t

Will ratify ONLY if a Bill of Rights is promised

Belief in a Limited Government

The government must be controlled so that it cannot infringe upon the rights of the people.

Ultimate governing authority rested with voters (even though many still couldn’t vote)

Belief in a Limited Government

National government only has some powers while others are reserved to the states.

ADOPTION OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS

To satisfy the States-Rights advocates, a Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to guarantee individual rights

The Bill of Rights was ratified in December of 1791- three years after the Constitution was ratified

First Ten Amendments

Bill of Rights-1st 10 Amendments to the Constitution

Amendment Main Idea Specifics

1 Basic Freedoms Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition

2 Self Protection Right to bear arms

3 Quartering Troops

Requires owner consent

4 Search and Seizure

Warrants and Probable Cause

5 Rights of the Accused

Jury, Due Process, and Confront accuser

Amendment Main Idea Specifics

6 Criminal Trials Speedy, Public, Impartial Jury, and Lawyer

7 Civil Trials Trial by Jury

8 Limits Fines and Punishments

Excessive Bail, Cruel and Unusual Punishment

9 Rights of the People

Cannot use your rights to harm others

10 Powers of the States and

People

Any powers not listed are RESERVED for states

Strengths of the Constitution National government could levy taxes.

Maintain an army to “Maintain domestic tranquility.”

Control interstate commerce.

Control currency.

Established branches of government.

Amendment by ¾ states instead of being unanimous.

OLDEST LIVING CONSTITUTION

The U.S. Constitution is the oldest written national constitution in the world

Elastic Clause key to flexibility

Also ability to change, or “amend” the Constitution helps preserve it

27 Amendments have been added

Activity-Part 2

Paste the Semantic map onto the left hand side of your notes and with a partner check all that apply.

Closing

Quiz on the Constitution of the US