displaying landmarks and the user’s surroundings in indoor pedestrian navigation systems

Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015

Dr. Max MustermannReferat Kommunikation & Marketing Verwaltung

Displaying landmarks and the user’s surroundings in indoor pedestrian navigation systems

Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd LudwigChair of Information [email protected], [email protected] Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015


PROJECT – INDOOR PEDESTRIAN NAVIGATION


Indoor Pedestrian Navigation

MODEL indoor areas

IDENTIFY landmarks in indoor environments

DISPLAY navigation instructions


NADINE Application

Current Area: “Plärrer“.Go straight ahead to the tram stop.

Back Next


Web Interface

http://urwalking.ur.de/navi/


SYSTEM DESIGNS


Motivation

Displaying mobile maps is state of the art Map material currently used as navigation aid at the University of Regensburg

Interface simplification to minimize cognitive load enhance navigation efficiency

See e.g.: Bouwer et al. 2012; Butz et al. 2001; Puikkonen et al. 2009.


System Designs


Landmark Selection

34 participants (16 m, 18 f)

mean: 22.5 years (range: 19-30)


EVALUATION


Test Route


Navigation Scenes


Participants and Variables

Test users: 64 (33 male)Mean Age: 24.02 years

SD = 7.9 range: 11-64 years

Between subject design 35 map 29 graph

Dependent variable: Navigation Time


RESULTS


Results

Overall Navigation Time• p = 0.034 • r = 0.27


Navigation Problems

Users who needed helpMap: 16Graph: 16


Navigation Problems


Results – Subgroups

“Help” subgroup

• No difference between UI designs

“No-Help“ subgroup

• Mean map > Mean graph

• p = 0.0302 (r = 0.38)


Results – Navigation Steps

“No-Help“ subgroup• Map: 19• Graph: 13

Navigation Steps• 23 steps• p = 0.043

Means• map: 17.3 sec• graph: 15.3 sec


Results – Navigation Step 15


Results – Sense of Direction

Low SoD (37)

• No difference

High SoD (27)

• Mean map (15): 7.06 min

• Mean graph (12): 6.34 min

• p = 0.02 (r = 0.446)

SoD questionnaire: Münzer & Hölscher 2011In brackets: number of participants


Results – Questionnaire

“There were enough salient objects displayed so that I could orient myself.”

5.5 out of 7

“The chosen salient objects (like doors or stairs) were helpful. ”

6.0 out of 7

“I felt comfortable while navigating.” 5.8 out of 7


Results – Questionnaire

“The directional arrows helped me while navigating.”

5.4 out of 7

“The text instruction helped me while navigating.”

6.0 out of 7

“The depiction of the surroundings helped me while navigating.“

5.0 out of 7


CONCLUSION


Conclusion

Participants with a high sense of direction profit from abstract interface designs

A lot of participants get lost at large areas or hallways

The chosen landmarks are very helpful

Text instructions are very important for orientation


Future Work

Does the abstract interface support elderly people?

How many landmarks should be displayed?

Which additional (map) information could be beneficial?

How can participants can be supported if they lost their way?


References

A. Bouwer, F. Nack, A. El Ali, Lost in navigation: evaluating amobile map app for a fair, in: Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Multimodal interaction, ACM, 2012,pp. 173–180.

A. Butz, J. Baus, A. Krüger, M. Lohse, A hybrid indoor navigation system, in: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI), ACM, New York, 2001, pp.25–32.

S. Münzer, C. Hölscher, Development and validation of a selfreport measure of environmental spatial strategies, Diagnostica57 (3), 2011, pp. 111–125.

A. Puikkonen, A.-H. Sarjanoja, M. Haveri, J. Huhtala, J. Häkkilä, Towards designing better maps for indoor navigation: experiences from a case study, in: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, ACM, New York, 2009, p. 16.


Thank You for Your Attention!

Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd LudwigChair of Information Science

[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]


BACKUP: Web Interface

http://urwalking.ur.de/navi/


BACKUP: Results – Selected Objects

Architecture Function Information Furniture

Selected objects per category

142 (15%) 549 (58%) 131 (14%) 131 (14%)

Selection probability in a certain category

7% 22% 7% 8%


BACKUP: Navigation Scenes


BACKUP: Results – Navigation Step 23

displaying landmarks and the user’s surroundings in indoor pedestrian navigation systems

Healthcare