discovery 06 2012

OT PEAAKU.llllll

<<5lpKO CBeTI1TC51 pa,J:~yra, a C 3eMJII1 O'IapoBaHHO CMOTpRT Tb!C51'111 JIIO):IeM~ - TaK B rre

peBO):Ie c R3hiKa TypeQKoli 11 a3ep6ai1,J:~>KaHcKoi1 KYJihTYP 3BY'II1T 3HaKoMaR HaM BceM

c ,J:~eTCTBa cppa3a-3aKJI11HaHI1e o6 oxoTH11Ke, >KenaiOru;eM Hai1TI1 crrpRTaBinerocR cpa3aHa.

CeMh QBeTOB rrp11pO):IHOro crreKTpa 113):1aBHa BJieKJII1 JIIO):Ieli. BI1KI1HrYI C'111TaJII1, 'ITO pa

):lyra COe):II1H51eT M11p JIIO):IeM C M11pOM 6oroB-aCOB, a MHOrYie acpp11KaHCKI1e HapO):Ibl IIO

JiaraiOT, 'ITO B TOM MeCTe, r,J:~e ee ):lyra KacaeTC51 3eMJII1, 3apb!Tbl HeCMeTHbie COKpOBI1II(a.

Jli06yRCb BeJII1KOJieiii1eM He6eCHOM IIaJI11Tpbl, 'leJIOBe'leCTBO CTpeMI1JIOCb IIp11BHeCTI1

51pK11e KpaCKI1 11 B CBOM, ):10JihHI1M M11p - 11 BCe rny6>Ke IIOrpy>KaJIOCh B CT11XI1IO QBeTa.

UBeTy, 11cTop1111 ero KYJihTypHoro ocBoeHI151 11 3BOJIIOQ1111 opraHoB 3peHI151, 6naro,J:~a

p51 KOTOpb!M Mbl MO>KeM BOCIIp11HI1MaTh 3TO CI151IOII(ee 6oraTCTBO, 11 IIOCBRII(eH rrepBbiM

JieTHI1M HOMep >KypHaJia Discovery.

UBeT roBOp11T c HaMI1 Ha caM OM ,l:lpeBHeM 113 R3hiKOB, OH rroMoraeT ):IOCTI1raTh CBo6o

):lhi CaMOBbipa>KeHI151 - 11 O):IHOBpeMeHHO CKOBbJBaeT >KeCTKI1MI1 paMKaMI1 COQ11aJibHbiX

ycJIOBHOCTeM. l1MeHHO 6op51Cb 3a OCB060>K):IeHI1e QBeTa, 0'111II(a51 ero OCTpOM 6p11TBOM

OKKaMa oT HaJII1IIIIII1X 3a BeKa cyru;HocTeli, Ka311M11p MaJieBI1'1 Harr11can cBoli 3HaMe

HI1Thii1 « 'IepHbiM KBa,J:~paT~ - IIO>KaJiyM, CaMyiO CIIOpHyiO KapTYIHY BO BCeM 11CTOp1111

11CKyCCTBa. Ho pa3Be He OCB060>K):IeH11eM QBeTa 3aH51Tbl >K11TeJII1 l1H):II111, Ka>K):Ib!M rO):I

OTMe'laiOru;l1e BeceJihiM IIIYMHhiM Xo1111 - cpecTI1BaJih KpacoK 11 BCTpe'111 BeCHhi?

KoHe'IHO, BCTpeqa 3TOrO ):IOJirO>K):IaHHOrO Ce30Ha MO>KeT 6b!Tb OKpaiiieHa 11 B CO

BCeM ,l:lpyme TOHa. B ropO,l:IKe BI1JIKOBO, KOTOpbiM Ha3hiBaiOT <<yKpa11HCKOM BeHeQ11eM>>,

1Ip11XO):I BeCHbl IIOXO>K Ha >KI1BOIII1Ch aKBapeJihlO, r,J:~e Ha cpoHe He>KHOM 3eJieHI1 pacrry

CKaiOru;eMC51 JII1CTBhl 11 '111CTOM Jia3yp11 He6ec BCIIbiXI1BaeT 30JIOTO TOp>KeCTBeHHOM rrac

xaJibHOM cny>K6hi. 3oJIOTOM CI1ReT 11 «pyccKI1i1 BepcaJih~ - ITeTeprocp, 11 3HaMeHI1Thie

AcTpoHOMI1'1ecKI1e qacbl Tai1HCTBeHHoi1 IT pam, rro yn111.1aM KOTopoi16po):IRT He TOJihKO

TYPI1CThi 11 ropo>KaHe, HO 11 rrp113paKI1 ee rrpoiiiJioro. Brrpo'IeM, OHI1 BhirJIR):IRT ropa3-

):IO ,l:lpy>KeJII06Hee, 'leM a6op11reHhi HoBoli fBI1Hel1 , 3aTepRHHoro 11 TPY):IHO):IOCTYIIHoro

M11pa, coKphiToro B cyMpaKe BJia>KHhiX necoB. CnoBOM, y Ka>K,J:~oro yronKa 3eMJII1 -

CBOM HeiiOBTOp11MhiM KOJIOp11T, C03):1aHHhiM 'leJIOBe'leCTBOM 11 IIp11pO):IOM, BeJII1'1aMIIII1M

XY):IO>KHI1KOM, CIIOC06Hb!M TBOp11Tb 'ly):leCa BpO):Ie MeH51IOII(I1X OKpacKy fOJIO>Ka6epHbiX

MOJIJIIOCKOB, OChMI1HOrOB 11, KOHe'IHO >Ke, XaMeJieOHOB, BCTpeqa C KOTOpb!MI1 TaK>Ke

>K):IeT '111TaTeJIR Ha cTpaHI11.1aX HOBoro HOMepa Discovery.

DISCOVERY / «AMCKABEPM» ElKeMeC~4Hbl~ Hay4Ho-nonyn~pHbl~ lKypHan N2 6 [42] MIOHb 2012 Y'i PEA MTEJI b 000 •I-1A •AI-1CKABEPI-1 •

rEHEPAJibHbli1 AMPEKTOP BEPA BI-1KTOPOBHA BnACOBA

PEAAKI.IMSl rJIABHbli1 PEAAKTOP HATAnl-1~ AnEKCAHAPOBHA WTAEBA

APT-AMPEKTOP AHHA )I(EPHAKOBA

OTBETCTBEHHbli1 CEKPETAPb EKATEPI-1HA AHTOHOBA

BblnYCKAIOII.IMM PEAAKTOP BI-1KTOPI-1~ CACIJOHL\EBA

BEAYII.IMi1 PEAAKTOP AnEKCEi1 KYKAEBCKI-1111

HAY'iHbli1 PEAAKTOP BEHI-1AMI-1H WEXTMAH

JIMTEPATYPHbli1 PEAAKTOP AHHA KH~3EBA

TEXHM'iECKMi1 AMPEKTOP BAAI-1M AAHI-1ni-1H

lllOTOPEAAKTOP AMI-1TPI-1f1 KAMbiWI-1H

OTAEJI PEKJIAMbl AMPEKTOP no PEKJIAME On brA BOP06bEBA [email protected] CTAPWMi1 MEHEA>KEP AnEKCEf1 CYXAHOB AlexAS @discovery-mag.ru MEHEA>KEPbl HAT Anb~ KOCAPEBA kosareva@discovery-mag. ru AHHA PE3HI-1KOBA [email protected] ACCMCTEHT BAnEPI-1~ nETYXOBA Valeriya@discovery-mag .ru

OTAEJI MAPKETMHrA M PR 6PEHA-MEHEA>KEP AHHA MEABEAEBA [email protected]

OTAEJI PACnPOCTPAHEHMSl M nOAnMCKM AMPEKTOP no PACnPOCTPAHEHMIO nAAA ni-1M6YPCKA~

PACnPOCTPAHEHME: [email protected] n OA n M C KA: podpiska@discovery-mag. ru

nE'iATb 000 «nepBbl~ non~rpacjl~4eCK~~ KOM6~HaT•, POCC~~. 143405, MOCKOBCKa~ o6n., KpacHoropcK~~ pa~oH , njo «KpacHoropcK-5•, l-1nb~HCKoe wocce, 4-~ KM

I-13AaH~e Japer~cTp~poBaHo B ClleAepanbHO~ cnylK6e no HaA30py B ccjlepe CB~3~ ~ MaCCOBbiX KOMMYH~Kal.I~~Per~cTpal.I~OHHOe YAOCTOBepeH~e nl-1 N2 CIJC 77-32874 OT 15 aerycm 2008 r.

np~cnaHHble pyKOn~c~ ' cj>OTO~nmoCTpal.l~~ ~ APYr~e

MaTep~anbl He peljeH3~pyiOTC~ ~ He BbiCblnaiOTC~ o6paTHo. PeAaKL1~~ ocTaen~eT Ja co6o~ npaeo He BCTynaTb B nepen~CKY C 4~TaTen~M~. MHeH~~ aBTOpOB MOryT He COBnaAaTb C n03~l.l~e~ peAaKL1~~nepene4aTKa ~ Apyroe BOCnp0~3BeAeH~e MaTep~anOB lKypHana Ha n1060M ~3b1Ke B03MOlKHbl n~Wb c n~cbMeHHoro pa3peweH~~ y4peA~Ten~.

AAPEC PEAAKI.IMM 109428, r. MOCKBa, P~3aHCK~~ npocneKT, A. 8a Ten .fcj>aKc: +7 (495) 232 0869 E-mail: [email protected] www.discovery-russia.ru TI-1PA)I(: 140 000 3K3eMnn~poe

noAn~caHo B ne4aTb 18.05.2012

L\eHa CB060AHa~

ClloTO Ha o6nolKKe: Corbis/Fotosa

62 OCOSOE MHEH~E

OCTOPO>KHO, OKPAWEHO! KpacHhiii Ha'IHHaeT 11 BhmrphmaeT

lf~l~l:lliili§@i!Ji13

www discovery-w livejournal com www twitter com /@DjscoyeryR!JSSja www facebook com /DiscoyeryRussia www vk com /DjscoyeryRu

6 DISCOVERY 11JOHb 2012

a·- WWW.DISCOVERY-RUSSIA.RU

dliSGOVBR .....:: COAEP)I(AHa.-IE

DISCOVERY I «A~CKABEP~» E>KeMeCH"'HbiH Hay"'Ho-nonynHpHbiH >KYPHan

N2 6 [ 42] ~IOHb 2012

TEMAHOMEPA

32 BCE KPACK~ M~PA CJIO)KHhie OTBeThl Ha rrpOCThie BOIIpOCbl

40

TAIIIHA TPETbErO OnC~HA OT ThMhi - K 3peHHJO

46 ~MSI U.BETA Pa,11yra MHpoBoii KYJihTYPhi

14

CnEU,nPOEKT

TP~ U,BETA BPEMEH~ XX BeK Ha'nmaeTCH: CHMMKM IIpoKy,l\MHa-ropcKoro

26

3KCTP~M

M~POBbiE rOHK~ World Superbike BrrepBbie B PoccMM

66

TPAA~U,~~

BPEMSI A6C01110THOrO C'"IACTbSI XOJIM - CaMbiH HpKMM rrpa3,!\HMK

78

n11AHETA 3EM11SI

nPA>KCK~E B~AEH~SI IlHTb ,l\peBHMX ropO,l\OB qeiiiCKOH CTOJIMI.Ibl

92 POCC~SI

PYCCK~~ BEPCA11b EnecK M cnaBa IIeTepro¢a


102

OTKPbiTbl~ M~P

AYHA~CK~E 110U,MAHbl CKpoMHoe o6aHHMe yKpaMHCKoif BeHel.IMM

110

CbAYHA

MACTEPA ~1111103~~ L(BeTOMY3hiKa )l(f!BOTHOfO MMpa

118

3AOPOBbE

'"l~n B noMOW.b IIpeBpall.leHMe B KM6oproB

122

CnOPT

OXOTH~K~ 3A r011AM~ EBpo-2012: HOBaH Ha,l(e)l(,l(a pOCCMHCKOfO ¢yT6ona

132

~CKYCCTBO

nOSEAA HAA CbOPMO~ << qepHbiH KBa,l\pan> Ka3MMMpa ManeBMqa

138

PEnOPTA>K

nOC11EAH~E KOTEK~ IIyTeiiieCTBMe B 3aTepHHHbiH MMp HoBoif fBMHeM

10 nAHOPAMA

64 AECSITO'"IKA

72 DISCOVERY PROMOTION

76 BAOPOrY

84 MECTO HA KAPTE

100 rYPMAH

108 TEXHOHOBOCT~

116 S~OCCbEPA

128 BEKTOP

136 ACb~WA

MH)I(EHEPMfl

.O.BrrirATEflb KOCMrrilfECKOH Mrr1KP03KCnAHCrrirr1

IIapaJIJieJihHO c ,11oporHMH

KOCMJ1qeCK11M11 rrpoeKTaMH

rocy,llapcTBeHHoro 11 rrJiaHeTap

Horo MacriiTa6a cefrqac HaqHHaeT

pa3BHBaTb0111 «MaJiaH KOCMO

HaBTHKa>> - CITYTHI1KI1, 3arryCKa

eMhie KOJIJie,ll)l(aMH, qaCTHhlMH

qmpMaMHH T. ,li.J1H)I(eHepbl

113 IlOJIHTeXHJ1qecKOH IIIKOJihl

Jl03aHHhl (lllBeH'-\apHH) 113fO

TOBI1JII1110HHhiH,liBI1raTeJih ITO,ll

Ha3BaHHeM Micro Thrust, rrpe,li

Ha3HaqeHHhiH,liJIH KOCMJ1qeCKI1X

arrrrapaTOB BeCOM OT 1 KHJIOrpaMMa

,110 l.leHTHepa. BecHT oH MeHhiiie

200 rpaMMOB, ITOJIOBHHa Beca - TO

ITJIHBO. Pa6oqee TeJio 3,lleCh He ra3,

a HOHHaH )I(J1,liKOCTh - COCTaB

10 DISCOVERY 11IOHh 2012

EMI-BF4, rrpHMeHHeMhiH o6hrqHo

B pOJIH 3JieKTpOJIHTa. )I(H,liKOCTh 3a

cqeT KaiTHJIJIHpHbiX CHJI ITOCTyrraeT

B MHOroqJ1cJieHHbie MHKpOCKOITH

qecKHe KpeMHHeBbie COITJia. I10Hhl,

H3BJieKaeMhie 113 EMI- BF4 3JieK

TpHqecKHM ITOJieM B 4000 BOJihT,

reHepHpyeMbiM peiiieTqaTbiMH

3JieKTpO,llaMH, BbiJieTaJOT CO CKO

pOCThJO CBhiiiie 10 KHJIOMeTpOB

B CeKyH,lly. Ilp113TOM ,liJIH ITHTaHHH

,liBHraTeJIH ,liOCTaTOqHQ COJIHeqHhiX

rraHeJiefr.

C TaKHM ,liBHraTeJieM MaJibie

crryTHI1KI111 rrpoq11e KOMITaKTHbie

KOCMHqecKHe arrrrapaThi He rrpH

,lleTCH rpy311Th Ha paKeThi-HOCH

TeJIH < K 60Jihiiii1M

MO.liYJIHM. MaJihie arrrrapaThi

CMOryT CTapTOBaTh (HarrpHMep,

C ITOMOI'-\hiO a3pOCTaTa, ITO,liHHMa

IOI'-\ero crryTHHK B BepXHHe CJIOH

aTMoc<t>epbl) C JIJ06ofr ITO,liXO,liHI'-\eH

ITJIOI'-\a,liKH. Micro Thrust MO)I(HO

ycTaHOBHTh Ha arrrrapaT pa3MepoM

OT 1000 Ky6HqeCKI1X CaHTHMeTpOB,

TO eCTb B ITOITYJIHpHOM <l>opMa-

Te MaJihiX crryTHHKOB CubeS at.

,IJ;BHraTeJIH HOBOfO THITa CMOfYT He

TOJihKO CJiy)I(HTh ,liJIH Bh!BO,lla crryT

HHKOB Ha OKOJI03eMHYJO op611Ty,

HO 11 IT03BOJIHT ,liOJieTeTb ,110 JlyHhl,

Mapca 11,11pymx rrJiaHeT. MaJihie

arrrrapaThi c ,lleiiieBhiMH,liBHraTeJIH

MYI, B03MO)I(H0, COBepiiiaT peBOJIJ0-

'-\1110 B OCBOeHHH KOCMOCa.

HAHOTEXHOfl0{/111

rY6KA AnSI HETH

HoBbie cnoco6hr yCTpaHemur

HecpT.HHh!X pa3JHIBOB CTaHO

B.HTC.H Bee aKTyaJihHee. X11M11K11

113 YHI1Bepc11TeToB Paiica 11 IIeH

CI1JihBaHI111 ( CIIIA) BhrpacTI1-

JII1 MaKpOCKOnl1qeCKI1e ry6KI1

113HaHOTpy6oK,MHOfOKpaTHO

nepeceKaJO!lii1XC.H Me)!{.l1Y co6oi1.

3To y.l1aJIOCh 6Jiaro,11ap.11 ,11o6aBKe

6opa Ha CTa,l11111 BpOCTa HaHO

Tpy6oK MeTO,l10M XI1MI1qeCKOf0

oca)!{,l1eHI1.H napa. 06hrqHo yrJie

po,l1Hhre Tpy6KI1 pacTyT np.HMO -

HO np11MeCb 6opa 3aCTaBJI.HeT 11X

MHOfOKpaTHO nepenJieTaThC.H

11 COe,l111H.HThC.H B pa3JII1qHh!X

TOqKaX Ha aTOMapHOM ypOBHe.

EoJiee 99% HOBOfO MaTep11aJia

3aHI1MaJOT nycTOThi. TaKa.H no

p11cTa.H ry6Ka Bni1TbiBaeT HecpTb,

pa3JII1TYJO B BO.l1y, Heo6hrqaf'mo

3cpcpeKT11BHO (noqTI1100 rpaM

MOB Ha 1 rpaMM CBoero Beca).

MaTep11aJI MO)!{eT xpaHI1Th B ce6e

HecpTb HeorpaHI1qeHHO ,l10Jlf0,

OT,ljaBaTb ee no Tpe6oBaHI110

11 MHOfOKpaTHO 11CnOJih30BaTbC.H

6e3 noTep11l\eHHh!X CBOMCTB.

IIp11 3TOM OH cynepm,11pocpo-

6eH - 3aTOJIKHYTh ero n0,11 BO.l1Y

HeB03MO)!{H0, OH Bh!CKaKI1BaeT

Ha noBepxHOCTh. HecpTh 113 ry6KI1

MO)!{HO Bhl)!{I1MaTb 11JII1 Bhl)!{l1-

raTh - Hl1 ,l1aBJieHI1e, Hl1 OfOHh

He HaHOC.HT HOBO MY MaTep11aJiy

Bpe,l1a. Pa3pa6oni1KI1 cqi1TaJOT,

qTo ry6Ka np11f0,1111TC.H He TOJ!hKO

,l1JI.H c6opa HecpT11, HO 11 KaK

3JieKTp0,11,11Jl.H 6aTapei1:, OCHOBa

,l1Jl.H nOJII1MepHb!X KOMn0311TOB

11 ,lja)!{e KaK <<CTp011TeJihHb!e

JieCa>> ,l1JI.H 611011MnJiaHTaTOB.

385 MnH neT H838A Ha 3eMne nOS!Bl4m1Cb nepBble neca. 0Hl4 COCTOS!nl-1 143 AepeBbeB POA3 Wattieza, AOCT14r3BW14X 8-9 MeTpOB B BbiCOTy.

4JAPMA!..IEBTI1KA

60PEU nPOTHB PAAHAUHH

XoJIO,l1Ha.H Boi1Ha ,11aBHO

OKOHqi1JiaCb, HO yrp03a

.H,l1epHOfO KOHcpJI11KTa, a TeM

6oJiee TeXHOreHHh!X KaTa

CTpOcp, CB.H3aHHh!X C pa,l111-

al\110HHh!M 3apa)!{eHI1eM,

ocTaeTc.H aKTyaJihHoli . AMe

p11KaHCKI1e 11CCJie,l10BaTeJII1

113 Hal\110HaJihHoi1 Jia6opa

TOp1111 JioypeHCa B EepKJII1

co3,11aJII1 HOBYJO rpynny

npenapaToB, crroco6HhiX

3cpcpeKTI1BHO 3aXBaThiBaTh

11 Bh!BO,l111Th 113 opraHI13Ma

aKTI1HOI1,11hl (14 pa,l1110aK

TI1BHh!X 3JieMeHTOB C aTOM

Hh!MI1 HOMepaMI1 c 90-ro no

103-H:), nonaBIIme Ty.l1a BMe

cTe c 3arp.H3HeHHhiMI1 pa,l1Ha

l\11ei1 BO,l10M, e,l10M11JIH B03-

.11yxoM. AKTI1HOI1,11hi MoryT

OKa3aTbC.H B OKpy)!{aJO!lleM

cpe,11e np11 aBapw.Hx Ha A3C,

HCnOJih30BaHI111 .H,l1epHOfO

opy)!{I1.H w B3phmax <<rp.H3-

HhiX 6oM6>>. ,[(0 HaCTO.H!llefO

BpeMeHI1 MeTO,l10B 6opb6b!

C nopa)!{eHHeM aKTI1HOH,l1aMH

He 6brJio, He cqwTa.H DTP A -

npenapaTa,pa3pa6oTaHHoro

nOJIBeKa Ha3a,l1H MaJI03cp

cpeKTHBHOfO , nOCKOJ!hKY OH

3aXBaThiBaeT TOJ!hKO nJiyTO

HI1ll, aMepHl\11lll1 K!Op11M, ,11a

w 11x He cnoco6eH BhiBeCTI1

H3 opraHI13Ma nOJIHOCThiO.

3KCnep11MeHThl C HOBh!Mlf

npenapaTaMH Ha )!{lfBOTHh!X

npoiiiJII1 ycneiiiHO , Teneph

0)!{11,11a!OTC.H KJIHHifqecKHe

HCnhiTaHI1.H Ha JIIO,lj.HX.

11

DISCOVERY nAHOPAMA

351 KM

3TOfl0(Ufl

KTO CKA3An «KAP»?

HOBbie OTKpb!TlUI B 3TOJ!Of!Uf ,110Ka3b!Ba!OT, 'ITO COl(llaJibHb!e B3allMOOT

HOIIIeHH.H )l(llBOTHh!X ropa3,110 CJIO)I(Hee, 'I eM rrpe,!ICTaBJI.HJIOCh. 300J!Ofll

H3 BeHcKoro YHMBepcMTeTa ycTaHOBHJIH, 'ITO BopoHhi crroco6Hhi ,1\0Jiro

ITOMHHTh CBOH OTHOIIIeHH.H C COp0,11ll'laMH. I1Tlll(aM ,1\aBaJIH rrpocJiyiiiaTh 3a

ITHCH fOJIOCOB ,11pymx BOpOHOB. 0Ka3aJIOCh, 'ITO ,!la)l(e '1epe3 Tpll fO,!Ia ITTHI.(a

B COCTO.HHllll paCIT03HaTb fOJIOCa CTapb!X ,11py3ei1: If BparOB, rro-pa3HOMY

Ha HJiiX OT3biBa.HCh. PeampyH Ha «peiTJIJiiKll» 3HaKOMOfO, BOpOH Kpll'IHT

C 60Jiblllell 'laCTOTOll, He)l(eJIH KOf,!la CJ!hllllllT fOJIOC He3HaKOMl(a. I1pll3TOM

He,!lpyraM OH OTBe'laeT 6onee Hll3KHM If rpy6hiM fOJIOCOM: TaKOll TeM6p

rrpll3BaH ll306pa3HTh ITTHl\Y KpyrrHee If OITaCHee, 'I eM OHa eCTh Ha CaM OM

,1\eJie. PaHee CB.H3h TeM6pa fOJIOCa C COl(llaJihHh!MJil OTHOIIIeHll.HMJil 06Hapy

)l(lfBaJiaCb TOJ!hKO y MJieKOITHTa!Oll(JiiX, Terrepb )l(e OHa ,1IOKa3aHa If ,1\Jl.H ITTlll(.

rEHETUKA

<bnOKCbl - 3A 1-H1CTOTY BM.O.A MOlKeT npoexaTb Ha OAHO~ 3apHAKe HOBbl~ HnOHCK~~

311eKTpOM06~11b SIM-WIL. CXEMA BbiBEAEHIIISI 'iETbiPEX nOAOnbiTHbiXJliiiHIIIiii CI>JlOKCOB

POAV1TEnbCKV1EAV1KV1E 1..\BETKVI

XUMUfl

nnorb AnSI P060TOB

Koma-HM6y.11h rrpM,!IeT Bpe

MH ITOJIHOI.\eHHh!X po60TOB

aH,11pOH,110B, a ITOKa pa3pa-

6aTbiBa!OTC.H MaTepHaJibl,

ll3 KOTOpb!X MO)I(HO 6y,11eT

ll3fOTaBJIHBaTh TKaHllll op

raHhl <<)l(eJie3Hhrx JIIO,!IeH>>.

AMepMKaHCKHe y'leHbre H3

MaccaqyceTcKoro TexHo

nomqecKoro HHCTMryTa

M YHMBepmTeTa I1MTTc6yp

ra C03,11aJIM reJih, crroco6Hhri1:

ITYJibCllpOBaTb IT0,1106HO

cep.11l\Y· IIynhcal(Mei1: yrrpaB

JIHIOT C ITOMO!l(h!O peaKl(llll

EenoycoBa - )Ka6oTMH

cKoro (OHM rrpoTeKaiOT

B KOJie6aTeJibHOM pe)I(MMe,

KOr,!la HeKOTOphre rrapaMe

Tphr peaKl(llll rrepM0.1\H'Ie

cKMH3MeHHIOTCH, o6pa3y.H

CJIO)I(HYIO rrpocTpaHCTBeH

HO-BpeMeHHYIO CTPYKTYPY

cpe,!lhi). feJih crroco6eH

MeH.HTh l(BeT If IIIeBeJIHThC.H

rrpll XllMH'IeCKOM B03,11eH

CTBHJil. I10CJie TOfO KaK reJih,

o6pa6oTaHHhlll 6pOMH,11a

Mll, <<yMep», ero y,11anocb

«O)I(lfBHTh>> C ITOMO!l(h!O

C,!laBJIHBaHH.H - OH ycrreiiiHO

BhiTaJIKHBaJI Bell(eCTBa, rrpe-

IT.HTCTBOBaBIIIlle ITYJibCal(llll.

Ha OCHOBe IT0,1106Horo MaTe

pllaJia MO)I(HO 6y,11eT ,1\eJiaTh

llCKyCCTBeHHhie Mhlllll(hl

If 'IYBCTBHTeJihHYIO KO)I(y

,1\JIH po6oTOB. TaKa.H KO)I(a

peampoBaJia 6hr Ha rroBpe)l(

,11eHMH M caMa 3arrycKaJia 6hr

XllMH'IeCKlle peaKl(llll ,1\JI.H

«ITO'IllHKll>>.

12 DISCOVERY l110Hb 2012

rQM03V1rQTHbiEnV1 H V1V1 C PAHAOMV13V1POBAHHbiM IEHETV1YECKV1M <llOHOM

Co BpeMeH fperopa MeH,!IeJIH l(BeThi cJiy)l(aT y,11o6Hoi1: MO,!Ie

JihiO ,1\JIH M3y'leHMH 3BOJIIOl\HH. feHeTHKHH3 YHMBepmTeTa

,lJ;hiOKa (CiliA) yCTaHOBHJ!ll, 'ITO pa3,11eJIHThC.H Ha ,1\Ba Bll,!la

6e3 CMeHhl OITh!JIHTeJI.H l(BeTaM ITOMOraeT Ji13MeHeHHe OKpa

CKll. ,ll;Ba Bll,!la <j:>JIOKCOB HMeiOT 0,1\HHaKOBbie rony6bre l(BeTKll

B HerrepeceKaiO!l(HXCH qacTHX apeanoB, HO TaM, r,11e BCTpe

'laiOTCH o6a Bll,!la, y 0,1\HOfO ll3 HHX l(BeTKll 'lall(e KpaCHb!e.

3TO a,!laiTTal(ll.H rrpOTHB Me)I(Bll,!IOBOfO CKpell(HBaHH.H. 06a

<j:>JIOKCa Oflh!JI.HIOTC.H 0,1\HllMllll TeMH )l(e 6a60'IKaMH, HO Ka)l(

,1\a.H 6a6o'IKa rrpe,!IITO'IMTaeT JIH6o KpacHbre, JIM6o rony6hre

l(BeTKH. IIocKOJihKY Me)I(Blf,!IOBhiM m6pM,11aM CBOHCTBeHHa

ITOHlf)l(eHHa.H ITJIO,!IOBJiiTOCTh, B pe3yJihTaTe B 30He, r,11e BCTpe

'la!OTC.H o6a Bll,!la, <j:>JIOKChl C KpaCHh!Mlll(BeTKaMH pa3MHO

)I(a!OTC.H Jiy'IIIIe, 'I eM C fOJiy6hiMH.l1CCJie,!IOBaHMe rrpOBO,!Ill

JIOCh C llCITOJib30BaHMeM 'leTbipex fOM03JilfOTHh!X ITO OKpacKe

JlllHllll <j:>JIOKCOB If BrrepBbie 3KCITepMMeHTaJibHO ITOKa3aJIO

B ,!leHCTBllll 0,1\HH ll3 Tllflll'IHh!X MeXaHH3MOB Bll,!I006pa30-

BaHH.H: OT6op, o6ycJIOBJieHHhlll ITOHH)I(eHHOll rrpHCITOC06-

JieHHOCTh!O m6pll,110B, rrpHBO,!IllT K Bhrpa60TKe a,!laiTTal(llll,

rrperr.HTCTBYIO!l(llX Me)I(BJii,!IOBOMY CKpell(MBaHHIO.

Bo3MO)I(HO, He~o6py10 cJiy)l(6y cocJiy)I(HJIO rrponcxo)l(~eHHe

Cepre.H Mnxaii:JioBwra- rroTOMKa ~Bop.HHCKoro po~a, He6ora

Toro, HO CJiaBHOfO, Be~y!llefO pO~OCJIOBHYIO OT IleTpa fopCKOfO,

KOTOpoMy He60JihiiiYIO BOTqHHY Ha BJia~HMHp!IIHHe f!O)I(aJIOBaJI

caM ,[(MHTpHii ,[(oHcKoii 3a OTBary Ha KyJIHKOBOM rroJie. Bo3MO)I(

HO, IlpoKy~nHy-fopCKOMY rrpHITOMHHJIH JIHqHoe 3HaKOMCTBO

c paccTpeJI.HHHhiM HMrrepaTopoM. A MO)I(eT 6hiTh, <l_>oToxy~O)I(HHK

rrpOCTO f!O~~aJIC51 Ha yrOBOpbl ~OMOqa~l\eB - HJIH ITOCJie~OBaJI

rrpHMepy 3MHrpHpOBaBIIIHX ~py3eH. KaK 6hi TO HH 6hiJIO, B TOT

rraM.HTHhiH MapTOBCKHH Beqep 1918-ro COCTO.HJiaCb ITOCJie~H5151

rry6JIHqHa51 ~eMOHCTpal\H51 CHHMKOB IlpOKY~I1Ha- fopCKOfO. Y)l(e

B 3MHrpal\HH, o60CHOBaBIIIHCh BO <l>paH'-\HH, OH MHOfO XJIOITOTaJI

o BhiB03e cBoero <l_>oToapxnBa H3 Poccnn - H B 1923 ro~y ero eTa

paHH.H yBeHqaJIHCh ycrrexoM. EoJiee 2 Thic.Hq <l_>oTorrJiaCTHH BepHy

JII1Ch K CBOeMy X035111HY, HO ITOKa3hiBaTh 11X IIII1pOKOH rry6JII1Ke OH

y)l(e He C06!1paJIC51. ,[(a 11 B006!lle, Ka)l(eTC51, OXJia~eJI K CBeTOITI1CI1,

Be~51 pa3MepeHHy!O, HO ~OBOJihHO 6e~HYIO 11 OTqa.HHHO CKyqHYIO

)1(113Hh 3MI1rpaHTa - 11 JII1IIIh 113pe~Ka <l_>oTorpa<l_>wpy.H qJieHoB

CBOeH CeMhl1.

UOCJIE,lJ;H.H.H HOqh CTpoiiHhiH CI1JIY3T rrapycHwKa c y6paHHhiMI1 cHaCT51MI1 qep

HeeT Ha <l_>oHe po3oBaToro He6a. 3a CTporwMw BepTI1KaJI51MI1

MaqT MO)I(HO pa3rJI51~eTh HI13KI1H JieC 11 acKeTJ1qHhiH CeBepHbiH

KpeCT-rOJiy6el\. :>Ki1BOITI1CHhiH He60CBO~ 11 KOpa6Jib 0Tpa)l(a!OTC51

B aKBapeJihHOH rJia~!1 BO~hl. EeJia51 HOqh TOJihKO Ha3biBaeTC51

6eJioi1: - Ha caM oM ~eJie KpacoK B HeM: ropa3~o 6oJihiiie: roJiy6hie,

po30Bhie, JII1JIOBhie, 6Jie~Ho-phi)I(I1e ... Bc10 3TY BeJIYIKOJierrHyiO

HepyKOTBOpHy!O 11rpy OTTeHKOB 3arreqaTJieJI B O~HOM 113 CBOI1X

Ka~poB IlpoKy~wH- fopcKwii- JieTHeii H0%10 1916 ro~a Ha Co

JIOBKax. <<MOHaCTblpCKOe cy~HO . 3TIO~>> - TaK Ha3BaJI OH 3TOT

CHI1MOK, CTaBIIII1H ITOCJie~HeH <l_>OTorpa<j_lweii:, C~eJiaHHOH 11M

B Poccww.

IlpoKy~YIH- fopCKI1H TOJihKO qTo 3aBepiiii1JI oqepe~HYIO ITO

e3~KY B paMKaX fJiaBHOfO ~eJia CBOeH )I(J13HI1 - f!O~po6HeHIIIe

fO <j_loTO~OKyMeHTI1pOBaHI151 pOCCI1HCKOH ~eHCTBI1TeJihHOCTI1. 3a

ceMh JieT ~o 3Toro, B Mae 1909-ro, MaCTep 6hiJI y~ocToeH ay~weH

'-\1111 YIMrrepaTopa. HwKoJiaii: II, rocy~apb, KOToporo MHome co

BpeMeHHI1KI1 yrrpeKaJI!1 B He3HaH!111 C06CTBeHHOH CTpaHbl, peiii!1JI

ee rrpwCTaJihHeiiiiie 113yqwTh- 11 rropyqwJI IlpoKy~wHy- fopcKoMy

3arreqaTJieTh Pocc1110 Ha <l_>oTorpa<l_>w.Hx. ropo~a, ceJia, MOHaCThi

pw, KapaBaHhi ToproBhiX 6ap)l( , JIIO~w 11 rrpwpo~a - Bee 3TO nona

JIO B 06beKTI1B MaCTepa BO BpeM51 ero 6eCKOHeqHhiX CTpaHCTBI1H

ITO pOCCI1HCKI1M ry6epHI151M. IlocJie~HeH B 3TOM Cfli1CKe CTaJia 3KC

rre~I1'-\1151 Ha CeBep, Ty~a, r~e cTpOI1JIC5110)1(HhiH yqacToK 6y~y!llei1:

MypMaHcKoii )l(eJie3Hoi1: ~opom.

OmcHJlB187 KaopoB, IIpoKyouH-TopcKuii Moz no3BoJtumb ce6e omooxHymb, HacJtaoumbcJl cnoKoiiHoii npoXJtaooii 6eJtou coJtoBel{Koii HOtfU, Kyo a He OOHOCUJlCJl HU utyM cmpOJlU(eUCJl «JICeJle3KUi>, HU meM 6oJtee KQHOHQObl JiepBOU MUpOBOU. llOlli060BambCJl Ha cyoHO, Ha KomopoM ympoM npeocmoum B03BpaU(ambcJl Ha 6oJtbutyw 3eMJlJO, - u coeJtamb nocJteOHUU, 188-ii Kaop.

17

DISCOVERY CnEUnPOEKT

IloeMOTpeB Ha 3TY <l_>oTorpa<l_>mo, Bhl Bp.H~ JUI 6e3 ITO~eKa3KH ~0-ra~aeTeeh, qTo OHa e~eJiaHa B eaMOM HaqaJie ITpouiJioro seKa.

CHHMOK MaJIO OTJIHqaeTe.H OT eOTeH ~pymx, 3aiTeqaTJieBIUHX

CoJIOBKH JieTHHMH HoqaMH BTopoi1 ITOJIOBHHhi eToJieTH.H. E~HH

eTBeHHoe, qTo 3aeTaBJI.HeT HaeTOpOlKHThe.H, - MaJIHHOBhie H 6H

p1030Bhie a6pHehi BOKpyr MaqT ITapyeHHKa. Ylx MOlKHO ITpHH.HTh

3a xpOMaTnqeeKHe a6eppan;HH, HO OHH ITO.HBHJIHeh Ha eHHMKe

He H3-3a HeeosepiUeHeTBa OITTHKH. 0HH-TO H Bhi~aiOT rJiaBHhiH

eeKpeT MaCTepa- <l_>oTorpa<l_>nn IIpoKy~nHa-ropeKoro He eo seeM

U:BeTHhie. ToqHee, U:BeT OHH o6peJIH eoseeM He TaK, KaK Ka~phl e ITJieHOK e TpexeJIOHHOH3MYJiheHei1, e KOTOphiMH ITpHH.HTO ae

eon;HHpOBaTh U:BeTHOe <l_>oTO.

KPACHhiU, CUHUU, 3EJIEHhiU Kor~a -TO lKypHaJI, KOTOphiH Bhl ~eplKHTe B pyKaX, 6b!JI py JIOHOM

6eJIOH THITorpa<l_>eKOH 6yMarH. lJT06hi eTaTh .HpKHMH H pa3HO

U:BeTHhiMH, KalK~a.a H3 ero eTpaHHU: IT06hiBaJia BHYTPH ITeqaT

Hoi1 MaiUHHhl n;eJihiX qeThipe pa3a, Be~h Bee OTTeHKH H ITepeJIHBhl

U:BeTOB Ha HHX eoeTO.HT H3 eMeeH qeThipex KpaeOK - lKeJITOH,

ITypiTypHOH, .HpKO-rOJiy6oi1 H qepHOH, KalK~a.H H3 KOTOphiX OKa-

3hiBaeTe.H Ha JIHeTe B esoi1 qepe~. IIoxolKHM o6pa3oM yeTpoeHhi

H <l_>oTorpa<l_>nn IIpoKy~nHa-ropeKoro . Ero u;seTHhie eHHMKH

pe3yJihTaT eJIOlKeHH.H Tpex MOHOXpOMHhiX HeraTHBOB, eH.HThiX

qepe3 u;seTHhie <l_>nJihTphi - KpaeHhii1, 3eJieHhii1 n CHHHH. ,ll;JI.a

KalK~oi1 <l_>OTorpa<J.>nn IIpoKy~HH ITOeJie~osaTeJihHO ~eJiaJI TPH

Ka~pa - H 3TO orpaHnqnsaJio ero B Bhi6ope eiOlKeToB, 3aeTaBJI.H.H

Bhi6HpaTh He oco6eHHO ITO~BHlKHYIO HaTypy: 3~aHH.H, CITOKOHHhie

KapTHHhl ITpHpO~hl , CH~.HIU:He JIIO~H ... J1106a.a ~HHaMHKa 6hiJia

qpeBaTa ITO.HBJieHHeM pa3HOU:BeTHhiX TeHeH.

Ceprei1 Mnxai1Jiosnq 6hiJI HeyTOMHMhiM H3o6peTaTeJieM,

aBTOpOM MHOrHX TeXHOJIOfHqeeKHX YXHII.\peHHH, o6JierqHBIUHX

lKH3Hh <l_>oTorpa<l_>aM ero speMeHH,- HaiTpnMep, eeHen6HJIH3aTo

pa, 6Jiaro~ap.a KOTOpOMY CTaJIH B03MOlKHhl eeKyH~Hhie Bhi~eplKKH - peKop~ «eKopoeTpeJihHOeTH» ITO TeM BpeMeHaM! O~HaKO

KaMepa, eoiTposolK~asiUa.a IIpoKy~nHa- fopeKoro B ITOe3~Kax,

ITJIO~ Tpy~os ~pyroro H3o6peTaTeJI.a, HeMu;a A~oJih<l_>a MHTe,

y KOTOpOrO OTeqeeTBeHHOMY HOBaTopy ITpHXO~HJIOeh yqHThe.H.

MHTe, B eBOIO oqepe~h, ITOqepiTHYJI H~eiO KaMepbl, e03~aHHOH HM

B 1902 ro~y, B ITpOH3Be~eHHhiX B 1861 ro~y OIThiTaX 6pHTaHU:a

,lJ;lKeHMea MaKeBeJIJia, KOTOphiH ~JI.H U:BeTHOH <l_>oTorpa<l_>HH- TO

lKe, qTo IJ;HOJIKOBeKHH ~JI.H KOeMOHaBTHKH.

BITpoqeM, OT~aBaTh A~oJih<l_>y MHTe 3BaHHe ITHOHepa u;seT

Horo <l_>OTO see lKe He eTOHT. B KOHU:e 1860-x <l_>paHU:Y3hl JlyH

,ll;IOKO H IIIapJih Kpo ITpo~eMoHeTpnposaJIH eso10 pa3pa6oTKY

<<TpHXpOMHIO», ITpou;eee HeeosepiUeHHhiH, HO THITOJIOfHqeeKH

eXOlKHH e TeM, KOTOph!H HeiTOJih30BaJI HeMeU:-H306peTaTeJih.

A B 1885 ro~y, Ha 16 JieT paHhllle MHTe, esoe ~eTHII.\e ITO~ Ha-

3BaHHeM «KpoMeKOIT>> ITpe~CTaBHJI Ha BhieTaBKe lDpaHKJIH

HOBeKOfO HHeTHTyTa B lDHJia~eJih<l_>HH aMepHKaHeu; tDpe~epHK

Aiisc. B <l_>oToKaMepax, ITOeTyiTHBIUHX B IUHpoKyiO ITpo~alKy

B 1897 ro~y, 6hiJia 3a~ei1eTBOBaHa Ta lKe exeMa eJiolKeHH.H He

raTHBOB, eH.HThiX qepe3 KpaeHhiH, 3eJieHhiH H CHHHH <l_>HJihTphl,

qTO H B KaMepe MHTe.

18 DISCOVERY YliOHh 2012

Eh!JI JII1 Cepreif IIpaKy.l\11H-fapcKI1H 3HaKaM c 113a6peTeHI1eM AifBca? CKapee BCera. 0 <<KpaMCKarre>> MHara 11 qacTa III1CaJII1 11 B 3apy6e)I(HhiX, 11 B pacmifCKI1X )i(ypHanax - a Cepreif Ml1xai1-JiaBI1q 6bJJI 11X BHI1MaTeJibHbiM qi1TaTeJieM 11 ,l(a)l(e Ba,l(I1JI 6JII13KYJO .l\py)i(6y c A.l\p11aHaM JlaBpaBhiM, acHaBaTeJieM 11 rrepBbiM pe,l\aKTapaM )l(ypHaJia <<<l>aTarpa<!>-nJ0611TeJih>>. CnaBaph EpaKray3a 11 E<!>paHa, rJiaBHa.H 3HQ11KJiarre,l\11.H ,l\apeBaJIJOQ11aHHhiX 3HaHI1H, BKJIJOqan QeJibiX ,!\Be CTaTbl1 a6 AifBce 11 era ,l(eTHII.Ie. A B 1901 ra,l\y B MaCKaBCKaM M y3ee IIp11KJia,l\HhiX 3HaHI1H, rrpaa6pa3e CaBpeMeHHara IlaJII1Texa, Ma)I(Ha 6bJJia, KaK rJiaCHT a<t>mna Tara BpeMeHI1, rrarna3eTb Ha <<IIp116apbi ,l\JIH QBeTHaif <t>aTarpa4>1111: <t>aHapb xpaMacKarr 11 cep1110 KapT11H, c,l(eJiaHHhiX crraca6aM AifBca>>. BpH.l\ JII1 IlpaKy,l\11H, axaq11if ,l\a BCero HaBara B CBaeif a6JiaCTI1, Mar acTaBI1Tb TaKyJO Ba3Ma)I(HaCTb 6e3 BHI1MaHI1.H. 0,!\HaKa BCer,l(a YTBep)l(,1\aJI, qTa aTeQ era KaMephi - M11Te 11 H11KTa .llpyraif. CKapee Bcera, TaKI1M a6pa3aM aH aT,l(aBaJI ,l(aHb yBa)l(eHI1.H CBaeMy HaCTaBHI1Ky.

C AoollbcpoM Mume IIpoKyouH-TopcKuii no3HaKOMUllCJl6 moMJ/Ce 1902 200y 6 Illapl!OmmeH6ypze, mUXOM HeMef1KOM 20pOOKe nOO Eepl!UHOM, zoe Mume npenooa6all6 cjJomoMexaHU'teCKOii UlKOJle. IIpoKyouH npo6ell3oecb nollmopa MeCJlf1a - 3a cmollb KopomKuii cpoK Mume, KaK pa3 6 3mo 6peMJl Hanp51J!CeHHO pa6oma6utuii Hao KaMepoii OJ!Jl nOllUXpOMHOii C'beMKU, yen ell 3aJ/Cettb uoeeii f16emH020 cpomo c6oezo ytteHuKa, nottmu copoKallemHezo pyccKozo, HUKozoa He ycma6a6utezo yttumbcJl.

0KaHqi1B B 1889 ra,l\y 3HaMeHI1ThiH rreTep6yprcKI1H TexHanamqecKI1H 11HCTHTyT, r,l(e q11TaJI CaM MeH,l(eJieeB, IIp11aXaTI1Bllii1HJIJ0-6a3HaTeJibHara JOHallly K XI1MI111, II paKy.l\11H-fapcKI1H rracTyrr11n B AKa,l\eMI1JO xy,l(a)l(eCTB, qTa6hi 113yq11Th acHaBhi )1(11Barrl1cl1. He aKaHqi1B Kypca, ampaBI1JIC.H B IIap11)1(, qTa6bi rrpa,l\aJI)I(I1Th lliTy.l\11paBaTb XI1MI1JO rra,l\ pyKaBa,l\CTBaM )I(JOJI.H MaMeHe, KaTapara TaK)I(e 11HTepecoBaJII1 Ba3Ma)I(HaCTI1 rranyqeHI1.H 113a6pa)l(eHI1.H peaJibHaCTI1 B IIa,l(JII1HHbiX KpacKaX )1(113HI1, - 11 B KaHQe KaHQaB rrarran K A,l\aJih<l>Y M11Te.

BepHyBllii1Ch B Pacc1110 B cepe,l\11He 1890-x, IIpaKy.l\11H-fapCKI1H c ranaBaif aKyHy JIC.H B <t>aTa,l\eJia. OH 6e3 ycTaJII1 <t>aTarpa-4>11paBaJI IIa,l(aiOII.II1e 3Be3,l(bl, 3KCIIep11MeHT11paBaJI C CaMhiMI1 pa3-HbiMI1 crraca6aMI1 rrpa.HBKI1 11 rreqaTI1, q11TaJI MHaraqi1CJieHHbie JieKQ1111, apraHI13aBbJBaJI KypcbJ rrpaKmqecKaH <t>aTorpa4>1111 IIp11 HMrrepaTapcKaM pyccKaM TeXHI1qecKaM a6111ecTBe 11, KaHeqHa )l(e, a6111aJic.H c arpaMHhiM KaJII1qecTBaM JIJO,l\eif. Cpe.l\11 era 3HaKaMhiX 6hiJia 11 AHHa JlaBpaBa, ,l(aqh MeTaJIJiaBe,l\a 11 .l\11peKTapa TaBap11ll.leCTBa raTqi1HCKI1X KaJiaKaJibHbiX, Me,l(eiiJiaBI1JlbHbiX 11 CTaJieJII1TeHHbiX 3aBa,l(aB AJieKCaH,l\pa JlaBpaBa, Ha KaTapaif IIpaKy.l\11H-fapcKI1H BCKape )l(eHI1JIC.H. 0Ha cTaJia ,l\JIH Cepre.H TeprreJII1Baif CIIYTH11Qeif - TaqKy B 11X CaBMeCTHaH )1(113HI1 rracTaBI1Jia cMepTb AHHhi B 1937 ra,l\y, y)l(e B 3M11rpaQ1111, a cyrrpyr rrepe)1(11JI ee BCero Ha CeMb JieT. EpaK C JlaBpaBaH He TaJibKa 6biJI ,1\JI.H IIpaKY.l\11Ha-fapCKara 3anaraM cqacTJII1Baif ceMeifHaif )1(113HI1, Ha 11 IIa3BaJI.HJI He 3a,l\yMhJBaTbC.H a <!>11HaHCaBaif cacTaBJI.HIOII.IeH ,l\JII1TeJihHbiX 3KCIIe,l\11Q11H, KaTaphie <t>OTarpa<t> rrpe,l\IIp11HI1MaJI 11 ,!\a QapcKara rrapyqeHI1.H,- TeeTh a6ecrreqi1JI era ,l\aJI)I(HaCThJO ,l\11peKTapa rrpaBJieHI1.H Ha a,l(HaM 113 CBai1X rrpe,l\IIp11.HTI1H.

21

DISCOVERY CnEUnPOEKT

MY3A ,li;AJihHUX CTPAHCTBUU CBOIO YBJJeKaTeJJbHYIO <PoTOJJeTOITllCb IIpoKy):lllH-ropCKllll HaqaJJ

C03,[1aBaTb B OKT516pe 1903 fO,[Ia, OTITpaBllBIIHICb B <l>llHJJ51H,[ICKOe

KH5l)l{eCTBO. C TeX ITOp, BITJJOTb ,[10 CaMOll peBOJJIOL\llll, <PoTorpa<Pa

MQ)I{HQ 6hiJJO Bll,[leTb B CaMbiX pa3Hb!X yrOJJKaX llMITepllll - OT

3HOHHOfO TypKeCTaHCKOfO Kpa51 ,[10 CeBepHbiX MOHaCTblpCKllX

BOTqllH, OT KaBKa3a c ero rpeMyqllMll peKaMll ,[10 ITPOMhiiiiJJeHHO

ro Ypana. BMecTe c neHllBbiMll6ap)l{aMll OH crryCKaJJC51 ITO Bonre,

6op03,[1llJJ peKll Ha MaJJeHbKllX TeiTJJOXO,[IllKaX, Tp51CC51 Ha ,[1pe-

3llHaX CTpOllTeJJeH )l{eJJe3HbiX ):IOpor - ll CHllMaJJ, CHllMaJJ, CHll

MaJJ. 3aKOHqllB C'beMOqHblll ,[leHb, OH pa3BOpaqllBaJJ ITOXO):IHYIO

na6opaTOplliO, qTo6bi ITpo.HBllTb HeraTllBbi ll y6e):lllTbC51, HeT Jill

6paKa, He HY)I{HQ Jill ITOBTOpllTb C'beMKy, ITpe)l{,[le qeM OTITpaB

JJ51TbC51 ,[laJJhiiie.

@omozpacp mepnellUBO HyMepOBQJl U OnUCblBQJl c(}eJLaHHble 3Q (}eHb Ka(}pbl - HO BnettamJLeHUU OKQ3blBaJLOCb maT< MHOZO, ttmo OlUU6KU B 3moM peecmpe 6btllU Heu36eJKHbl. CoepeMeHHblM uccJLeaoeamellJLM HacJLe(}uJL IIpoKyauHa-f opcKozo Hepe(}Ko npuxoaumcJL llOMamb ZOJlOBbl Ha(} meM, z(}e 6blll c(}eJLaH mom UllU UHOU CHUMOK: nopoii U30-6paJKeHHOe coeepzueHHO He coomeemcmeyem aemopcKoii noanucu.

3TOfO HeyTOMllMOfO CTpaHHllKa, qeM-TO ITOXO)I{efO Ha "lJeXOBa

Ta )l{e 6op0,[1Ka KJJllHbiiiiKOM, ITeHCHe, BHllMaTeJJbHblll B3fJJ5l,[lll3-

ITO,[IIIIJJ51ITbl ll Hell3MeHHa51 ITaJJKa B pyKaX, CBll,[leTeJJhCTBYIOIL\a5l

o ITPllBbiqKe K,[laJJbHllM ITeiiillM MapiiipyTaM, - He ITyranll Hll pac

CT051Hll51, Hll HOqll B KOMITaHllll6p0,[15lf. E):lllHCTBeHHOe, qTo 6biJJO

):IJJ51 Hero TPY):IHbiM,- ITOCT051HHoe ITPOTllBo6opcTBO c pocCHiicKoii

6IOpOKpaTI1qecKOll MaiiillHOll. ,[(a)l{e llMe51 B KapMaHe «L\apcKyiO

rpaMOTY>>, ,[la!OIL\YIO pa3peiiieHlle CHllMaTb BCe, qTO OH CQqTeT Hy)I{

Hb!M, IIpoKy):lllH 6biJJ BhiHY)I{):IeH o6paiL\aTbC513a ,[I03BOJJeHll51Mll Ha

C'beMKY K qllHOBHllKaM Ha MeCTaX - Cpe,[lll KOTOpb!X 6b!JJO HeMaJJO

JJI06llTeneii 3aiTpeiL\aTb ll «He ITyiL\aTb>>. BITpoqeM, 6IOpoKpaTll51

CTO JJeT Ha3a,[l 6biJJa He TOJJbKO pOCCI1HCKOH6e,[IOH.

B 1906 ro):ly IIpoKy):lllH-fopcKllH ITpll6biJJ B lfTaJJlliO. CTpaHa

6JJeCT5liL\ell apXllTeKTypbl ll BeJJllqaHIIIllX XY):IO)I{HllKOB - pa3Be

MOfJJO 3TO BeJJllKOJJeiTlle He 06BOp0)1{llTb JJI0603HaTeJJbHOfO pyc

CKOfO <POTorpa<Pa? OH IT06hman B PllMe ll IIoMITe.Hx, MllJJaHe ll Be

Hel\llll - 0,[\HaKO aKTllBHO CHllMaJJ Jllllllb B ITOCJJe,[IHeH. ,[(O Haiiiero

BpeMeHll ,[IOIIIeJJ, ITpaB,[Ia, TOJJbKO O,[lllH HeraTllB, 3aiTeqaTJJeBIIIllll

3HaMeHllTbiH co6op CaH-MapKo, HO o ):lpymx BeHeL\llaHCKllX Bll

,[lax Mbl MO)I{eM CY):IllTb ITO BHYIIIllTeJJbHOMYKOJJllqeCTBY KOHTpOJJb

HbiX qepHo-6eJJbiX OTITeqaTKOB. A KaK )l{e OCTaJJhHhie llTaJJh51HCKlle

ropO,[Ia? 0TBeT Ha 3TOT BOITpOC,[IaJJ CaM IlpoKy):lllH-fopCKllll B CTa

Tbe, HaiTllCaHHOll ,[IJJ51 )l{ypHaJJa <<<l>OTorpa<P-JJI06llTeJJb>>: «<l>OTO

rpa<PllpOBaHlle B lfTaJJllll B MeCTaX, 3aCJJY)I{llBa!OIL\llX llHTepeca,

coBepiiieHHO He ):IOITYCKaeTC51, aHa YJJllL\aX ):IOITYCKaeTC51 <POTorpa

<PllpOBaHlle TOJJbKO MaJJb!Mll pyqHb!Mll KaMepaMll . Bee CKOJJbKO

Hll6y):lb llHTepeCHOe C,[laHO, TaK CKa3aTb, B apeH,[Iy ll 3KCITJJyaTH

pyeTC51 ITpO,[Ia)l{eH <PoTorpa<Pllii ITplle3)1{aiOIL\llM llHOCTpaHL\aM.

If rocy):lapCTBY eCTb llHTepec 3aiL\lliL\aTb ITO):I06HyiO MOHOITOJJll!O.

3To oqeHh o6ll):IHO y)l{e ITOToMy, qTo ITpo):laBaeMhie <PoTorpa<Pllll

BCer,[la CH51Tbl CO CTepeOTlliTHOll TOqKll 3peHll5lll B 60JJblllllHCTBe

cnyqaeB ,[laJJeKo He c Hall6onee llHTepeCHoii».

DISCOVERY I110Hb 2012

BepHyBIIUICh Il3 11TaJIIIII, IIpoKytiiiH peiiiiiJI rrorrhiTaTh

cpoTorpaqmqecKoro cqacThH B rrpet~enax PoccHikKoif HMrre

pHH - 11 B t~eKa6pe Toro )!{e rot~a ompaBHJICH B caMhiM, 6biTh

MO)!{eT, 3K30TJ1qecKHM ee Kpaif, TypKeCTaH, B rrepByiO 113 CBOHX

cpet~Hea3HaTCKHX 3Kcrret~Hl\HM. Ero 1.\eiihiO 6hiJIO 3arreqaTJieTh

coJIHeqHoe 3aTMeHHe B ropax THHh-IIIaHH - oHo AOJI)!{HO 6hiJIO

COCTOHThCH 14 HHBapH 1907 fO,l\a. HoB 3TOT ,l(eHh cpopTyHa OITHTh

ot~apHna ero JIHIIIh KpHBOif yxMhiJIKOif- He6o Hat~ THHh- IIIaHeM

3aBOJIOKJIO TyqaMH, 11 CHHMaTh 6hiJIO peiiiHTeJihHO Heqero. Tor,l(a

IIpoKyt\HH-ropCKHM ompaBHJICH B CaMapKaHtjH Eyxapy.

<<fOCTh UOIIIEJh OH B03Bpall\aJICH B 3TOT rroKphiThiM cet~oif IThiJihiO t~peBHOCTH yro

JIOK ell\e ,l\Ba)!{,l(hl- y)!{e C <<1.\apCKOM rpaMOTOM1> B KapMaHe. Bo BTO

poif rrpHe3t~ B ero o6'beKTHB rrorran 6yxapcKHif 3MHp. BaJihH)!{HhiM

rrpet~cTaBHTeJih a3HaTcKoif 3HaTH B pocKOIIIHOM ynhTpaMapHHOBOM

XaJiaTe, ITO llleiiKY KOTOpOrO 113BHBaiOTCH BhiiiiHTble 1.\BeThi; MaC

CHBHhiM 30JIOTOM f!OHC, carrom Ha 113Hil\HOM Ka6JiyKe - 11 JIHI.\0

qeJIOBeKa, ycTaBIIIerO OT )!{aphl 11 6oraTCTBa, - 3TOT ITOpTpeT 113-

BeCTeH ropa3t~O 6oJibllle, qeM caM II pOKYt\HH. Ot~HaKo ecJIHH3 Bcex

rrpoH3Bet~eHHif MacTepa Bhi6HpaTh caMoe pacmpa)!{HpoBaHHoe,

11M OKa)!{eTCH t~pyroif Katjp, TO)!{e rropTpeTHhiM, CtjeJiaHHhiM ell\e

B 1908 rot~y. 3arreqaTJieH Ha HeM, f!O)!{aJiyif, CaMhiM 3HaMeHIIThiM

repoM: 3ITOXII- <<MaTephiM qenoBeqHil\e>> , caM JleB TonCToif.

«C rrpiiiieTOM rreBqiiX f!TIII.\ HaqaJICH II YCIIJieHHhiM rrpi1e3tj ro

CTeif B 51CHyiO IlOJIHHy. Ka)!{tjb!M tjeHb KTO-HII6yt~h rrpHe3)!{aeT IIJIH

C KaKIIM-HII6yt~h <<rrpOKJIHThiM BOITpOCOM1>, IIJIII C TOMIITeJibHOM

Hatje)!{tjOM, IIJIII rrpOCTO qTo6hi rrpoBetjaTb t\Opororo f!IICaTeJIH.

B 51CHoif IIoJIHHe t~a)!{e Bhlpa60TaJIOCh Bhipa)!{eHIIe: <<rOCTh rro

llleJI1>, - TaK CTH)!{eJioBeCHoM: I1pOHIIqHOCThiO rrHcaTeJih IIeTp Cep

reeHKo, orry6JIIIKOBaBIIIIIM B ra3eTe <<PyccKOe CJIOB01> 3aMeTKY f!Otl

rrceB,l\OHIIMOM <<CBOM>>, OITHChiBaJI ,l\eHh 23 MaH 1908 fO,l\a. TOT

CaMbiM tjeHb, KOrtja II 6biJia CtjeJiaHa 3HaMeHIITaH cpOTOrpacpiiH.

Xo3HIIHyycat~h6hi, KOHeqHo, xoTenoch 3arronyqiiTh cBoif '-\BeT

HoM: ITOpTpeT, OH MHOfO fOBOpiiii C IlpOKYt\IIHhiM 0 patjy)!{HOM

6yt~yll\eM 1.\BeTHOfO cpOTO - OtjHaKO He 3a6hiBaJI II f!OtiTPYHIIBaTh

Ha,l\ cpoTorpacpaMII- IIpOKY.l\IIHhiM-ropCKIIM 11 IIeTpOM KynaKO

BhiM. <<HerrpeMeHHO 3aBet~y ce6e 6payHIIHf. C 6payHIIHfOM MeHH

ell\e He CHIIMaJIII1>, - f!OillyqHBaJI TOJICTOM, f!OtiYCTaB OT pOIIII

cene6pi1TII. Ot~HaKo y)!{e 3a y)!{IIHOM ITIICaTeJih cMeHIIJI TOH Ha

cephe3Hh!M II HpaBoyqiiTeJihHhiM. <<MeHH oqeHh IIHTepecyeT, -

o6pamJICH OH K Cepre10 MIIxaM:noBIIqy, - KaK BaM yt~aAyTcH CHIIMKH, ITOTOMY qTO 1.\BeTHaH cpOTorpacpiiH rrpHHatjJie)!{HT, KaK

MHe Ka)!{eTCH, K TaKOfO potja rrpOI13BetjeHIIHM, KOTOpbie TOJib

KO TOftja XOpOIIIII, KOftja OHII COBepllleHHhl, IIHaqe f!OJiyqaeTCH

cKopee THrocTHoe BrreqaTJieHIIe, He)!{eJIII YtiOBOJihCTBIIe>>. "l! TO)!{ ,

B HeCOBepllleHCTBe IIpOKYtiiiHa-ropcKoro yrrpeKHYTh TPYtiHO

tja)!{e 11 cerOtjHH, KOrtja TeXHOJIOrHII cpOTOC'beMKHIIIarHyJIII tja

JieKO Brrepetj, ero CHIIMKII He BhlfJIHtjHT 6eCITOMOil\HhiMII. Mbl

MO)!{eM paCCMOTpeTb Ha HIIX tjeTaJIII, 3afJIHHYTh B fJia3a JIIOtjeM,

)!{IIBIIIIIX cTo neT Ha3at~, - II ell\e pa3 rro6narot~api1Th qeJioBeKa,

rrot~apiiBIIIero HaM et~IIHCTBeHHYIO B03MO)!{HOCTh YBIIt~eTh Poc

mifcKyiO IIMrrepiiiO «B HaTypaiibHhiX l\BeTaX1>. D

25

C KOHI.\a XIX BeKa B M11pe MOTocrropTa

113MeHI1110Cb Bee: TpaCCbl, perJiaMeHT,

11 a,11peHa1111H, rrporri1ThiBaJOIQ11H B03.11YX World Superbike - cep11H roHoK,

Ha KI1JIOMeTpbl BOKpyr, - BOT 'ITO T3KOe 3pe1111IQH3H, CTpaCTHaH, Tp3,1111Q110HHO

TI~:HI1Ka, 3KI1rr11pOBKa, ,11a 11 6oph6oi1

He3hi6JieMhiM oKa3aJIOCh

Hb KOJibQeBbie

TPIII KJlACCA

KoMaHAbl World Superbike ccCYnEPCTOK» - 3AeCb MepSI· BbiM~ AB~raTeJlSIM~ 06beMOM cneKTpOM MOA~<j>~Kal(~~ ~ AO·

AeJlSITCSI Ha HeCKOJlbKO KJ13CCOB, IOTCSI C~J13M~ n~JlOTbl Ha 6a~KaX 400-600 CM3 ~ c ABYXU~Jl~H- pa60TOK, OCHall\eHHble MOTOpaM~

CBSI3aHHbiX C OC06eHHOCTSIM~ C M~H~MaJlbHbiM KOJlWleCTBOM APOBbiM~ MOTOpaM~ 06beMOM AO 1000 CM 3. K TOMY JKe B 3TOT

«TexH~K~ c 3aBOAa••. Bee KaK AOpa60TOK. «CynepCTOK>> npeA· 600-750 cM3• n~nOTbl , 3ape- KilaCC AOnyCKaiOTCSI MaW~Hbl

B peailbHO~ lK~3H~: M0110Able 3a· CTaBileH TpeMSI KaTerop~SIM~ KOMeHAOBaBW~e Ce6SI B rQHKaX C ABYXU~Jl~HAPOBbiM~ AB~raTeJlSI·

pa6aTbiBaiOT CBOe ~MSI, rOHSISICb MOTOL(~KJlOB, pa311~~al0ll\~XCSI ::nora Knacca, ~acTo npoAOillKaiOT M~ 06beMOM AO 1200 CM 3, B 3TOM

Ha «npOCTeHbK~X» MOTOL(~KJlaX, no MOll\HOCT~ AB~raTeJlSI - 06b· Kapbepy, nepexOASI Ha cryneHb 3acnyra ~TaJlbSIHCKoro 6peHAa

a 6biBaJlble OT~aSIHHO 6biOTCSI eMOM OT 600 AO 1200 CM3 . BbiWe - B «Cynep6a~K». Ducati. CTO~T 11~ rosop~Tb, ~To

3a T~TYilbl, np~wnop~BaSI TeXH~- H~KaKo~ wocce~Ho~ pe3~Hbl

~eCK~COBepweHH~X«lKe11e3H~X ccCYnEPCnOPT» o6beA~HSieT ccCYnEPSAHK» - 3AeCb Bbl· 3AeCb HeT ~ B nOM~He - TOJlbKO

KOHe~». MaW~Hbl C ~eTblpeXL(~Jl~HAPO· crynaiOT MOTOL(~KJlbl C W~pOK~M r113,liK~e rQHO~Hble CJl~K~ .

28 DISCOVERY I110Hb 2012

HaCTO.flll.lero roHoqHoro 6ai1Ka MO)I(HO

B Mara3HHe MOTOTeXHHKH!

ITaMH - B OCHOBHOM Ha aMepHKaHCKHX

H aBCTpaJIHHCKHX TpeKaX, a KaTaJIHCb

fOH~HKH, KaK ITpaBHJIO, Ha eBpOITeHCKHX

6ai1KaX. Ho KOr~a B Hrpy aKTHBHO BKJIJO

qf!JIHCh .f!ITOHI.Ihl, MHOroe H3MeHHJIOCh.

11H)I(eHepbl CTpaHhl BOCXO~.fl~ero COJIHI.Ia

ITO~H.f!JIH ypoBeHb MOTOTeXHHKH Ha HOBYJO

CTyiTeHh, H BHe3aiTHO BqeparnHHe ayTcali

~epbi cTaJIH BhipbiBaTh ITo6e~y y, Ka3anocb

6hi, HeiTo6e~HMhiX eBpOITeHCKHX MapOK.

IlepBhiH qeMITHOHaT World Super bike

ITpOWeJI B 1988 ro~y H COCTO.f!JI H3 ~eB.HTH

fOHQqHhiX 3TaiTOB. llieCTb 6b!JIH ITpOBe

~eHbl B EBpOITe, ITO O~HOMY - B 5IITOHHH,

ABCTpaJIHH H HoBoi13enaH~HH. ITo6e~H

TeJieM cepHH CTaJI aMepHKaHCKHll ITHJIOT

<l>pe~ MepKeJI, BbiCTyiTaBlliHll Ha MOTOI.IH-

KJie Honda VFR7 SOR, B crropTHBHOM MHpe

6onhrne H3BeCTHOM KaK RC30. MepKen

o~ep)l(aJI Bcero Be a6coJIJOTHhie ITo6e~hi

BCTcope 1ia noouyMe «XoHoy» nomeCHUlta umallbflHCKafl MapKa Ducati - 8 1990 zooy K no6eoe ee npueell cppaHt(Y3CKuii ZOHUJ,UK PaiiMoHPow, ae1991 u1992zooax- aMepuKaHet( ll,yz JloJteH.

foHKH cepHH World Superbike ITpoxo

~.f!T ITO~ 3rH~oi1 FIM (Me)l(~yHapo~Holi

<l>e~epal.IHH MOTOCIIOpTa), B OCHOBHOM

Ha eBpOITeHCKHX TpeKaX. 0TqacTH 3TO

ITpo~HKTOBaHo TeM, qTo CTaphiH CBeT -

rJiaBHhlll pbiHOK C6biTa ~JI.fl 60JiblliHHCTBa

ITpOH3BO~HTenei1 MOTOTeXHHKH. BITpoqeM,

B OCTaJibHbie yroJIKH 3eMHOfO mapa fOHKH

TaK)I(e 3arJI.H~hiBaJOT. HaiTpHMep, B KaTap

(Tpacca Losail), ABCTpaJIHJO (Tpacca Phillip

Island) H ClllA (TpeK Miller Park). B HO-

BOM Ce30He reorpa<l>JUI fOHOK ITOITOJIHH

JiaCb e~e o~HHM TpeKoM. B aBrycTe ::nora

O~a COCTOHTC.fl ITepBblll B HCT pHH World

uperbike pocCHi1CKHi1 :naiT:

yT H o~MOCKOBHOM Mosc

BaHH.f!M, ~QJI)I(Hbl COOTB

.H3aTeJihHhiM Tpe6oBaHH M FIM.

fJiaBHOe ITpaBHJIO - rOHQqHhie 6aHKH

.f!BJI.f!IOTC.fl ~opa60TaHHhlMH o6pa3l.laMH

cepHHHhiX MalliHH: H3MeHeHH.fl B fiX KOH

CTPYKI.IHH ~ocTHraJOTC.fl HCIIOJih30BaHHeM

~eTaJiell H 3JieMeHTOB, ~OCTYITHhiX B lliH

pOKOll ITpo~a)l(e. TaKoli ITo~xo~ IT03BOJI.H

eT ~06HTbC.fl paBeHCTBa ~JI.fl BCeX KOMaH~ H ITOJiyqf!Th Ha CTapTOBOll perneTKe MO

TOI.IHKJihl O~HOfO ypoBH.fl.

MOTOI.IHKJI H 3JieMeHThl TJOHHHra -

3TO JIHWh ITOJIOBHHa yciTexa. B KOHeqHoM

cqeTe ITo6e~a ~o6biBaeTC.fl pyKaMH - yBe

peHHhiMH pyKaMH OITbiTHhiX MeXaHHKOB.

Be~h HaKHHYTh <<Jiorna~eli>> MOTopy

H 3aMeHHTh o6hJqHyJO ITO~BeCKY Ha 6o

Jiee COBeprneHHYJO MaJIO. Heo6xo~HMO yMeTb BCe 3TO rpaMOTHO HaCTpOHTh -

29

CTAn 106V1nEii1HbiM- TPEXCOTbiM-

B VICTOPVIVI YEMnVIOHATOB WORLD SUPERBIKE

qTo ITO,'I Cf!JIY COBCeM He60JihliiOMY Kpy

ry JIJO,'IeH. XopOIIIHH MeX3HHK MO)!{eT H3

OIIIH63eTCH.

CHOBH3H p360T3 ITO )!{eHHIO

pe3yJihT3T3 OCT3eTCH 33 K3,'1pOM. IlO):I

fOTOBKOH MOTOQHKJI3 33HHM3eTCH

orpOMHhiH KOJIJieKTHB HH)!{eHepOB H Me

X3HHKOB: eCTh M3CTep ITO MOTOp3M, eCTh

ITpO~eCCHOH3JI-«ITO,'IBeCOqHHK», eCTh

TeJieMeTpHCThl, B 06H33HHOCTH KOTOpblX

BXO):IHT c6op BCeH HH~OpM3QHH ITO K3)!{

):IOMY Kpyry, ITpO,'IeJI3HHOMY MOTOQHKJIOM

H3 TpeKe, ecTh cTp3Terw w MeHe):l)!{epbi,

HHCTPYKTOphi w TpeHephi ITO ~w3wqecKoi1 ITO):IfOTOBKe. lliT3T fOHOqHOH KO

M3H):Ihl orpoMeH, w see TPYtiHTCH p3t\H

06IQeH QeJIH, ITpeKp3CHO OC03H3B3H, qTO

KOHeqHhiH ycrrex 33BHCHT OT K3)!{):10f0

H3 HHX H OT TOfO, H3CKOJihKO ITp3BHJib

HhiMH H CKOOp,'IHHHpOB3HHhiMH 6yt~yT HX ):leHCTBHH.

30 DISCOVERY 11JOHh 2012

He cmoum c6pacbzBamb co c'temoB u lfeJLOBe'tecKuii cpaKmop: ecJtu BlllfldembcflB cma

cmm-toBumcfl OlfeBudHO, nv•tau:Hbi• » no6edumeJteii 3decb Hem.

PYCCKUE U,lJ;YT fJI3BH3H wt~eH World Superbike - 3pe

JIHIQHOCTh H ):IHH3MHqHOCTh, KOTOpbie HH

B KOeM cnyq3e He ):IOJI)!{Hhi 6biTh ITpHHece

Hhi B )!{epTBY TeXHHqHOCTH, K3K 3TO ITpO

HCXO):IHT c roHK3MH qeMITHOH3T3 MotoGP.

11 ITYCK3H y ITOCJie):IHHX 60Jibiiie ~3H3TOB

ITO BCeMy MHpy, y JIJ06HTeJieH World

Superbike eCTh CHJihHhiH K03blpb: ITOTpH

C310IQ3H 3peJIHIQHOCTh, KOTOp3H ,'lep)!{HT

3pHTeJieH B H3ITpH)!{eHHH B TeqeHHe BCero

roHoqHoro ywKeH):I3.

DHTB3 ITHJIOTOB H3qHH3eTCH B cy66oTy

H3 MHOfOCTyiTeHq3TOH KB3JIH~HK3QHH -

T3K H33hiB3eMoM cyiTepiToyne, cyTh KOTO

poro CBO):IHTCH He ITpOCTO K TOMy, qTo6hi

ITOK333Th nyqiiiwii Kpyr. nhiCTpeH:IIIwe ITH-

JIOThl CH3q3JI3 ):IOJI)!{Hbl Bhi,'Iep)!{3Th OT6op

B qwcJIO 16 CHJibHeHIIIHX. 33TeM- B BOCeMb

I HJih:Hei1IIIlf'IX. IIoiT3B B «BCJChl eJJKY'>>

,_,H>rmrmJI3 ITHJIOThl ):IOJI)!{Hbl

p360T3Th K3K CO CBOeH , H3-

CTpOHK3MH, T3K l1 C MOTOQMKJI3Ml1. A 6JI3-

f0,'13pHbie 3pMTeJIM H3 TpM6yH3X ITOJiyq3JOT

):leHCTBO, C KOTOpbiM M3JIO qTo MO)!{eTCp3B

Hl1ThCH ITO H3K3JIY CTp3CTeH.

fOHOqHhie 33e3):1hl H3qHH310TCH B BOC

KpeceHhe H ITpe,'ICT3BJIHIOT co6oi1: ,'IBe

ITOJIHOQeHHbie fOHKM, p33):1eJieHHbie

):IByxq3COBhiM ITepepbiBOM. 3TOT l1HTep

B3JI KOM3H):Ihl l1CI10Jih3YJOT ):IJIH BHeCeHMH

H3MeHeHHH B H3CTpOHKH MOTOQHKJIOB

s cnyq3e Heo6xot~MMOCTM. CTapT BTopo

ro 33e3):13 ):IJIH BCeX ITMJIOTOB ITpOMCXO):IMT

C TeX )!{e C3Mh!X IT03l1QHH, qTO l1 B ITepBOM.

T3KMM o6p330M, ITposet~H ITepsyJO roHKY

He JiyqiiiHM o6p330M, KOM3H):I3 BCe p3BHO

ITOJIYq3eT III3HC BblpB3ThCH B JIH,'Iephl l1 IT0-

6opOTbCH 33 ITO):IMyM. 11 H3060pOT: Bbi-

11rpaTh nepByiO fOHKY - He 3Ha'fi1T CTaTh

no6e~I1TeneM: npoMauJKa c HacTpoH:KaMI1 11JII1 ~oca~Hoe na~eHI1e CBe~yT Ha HeT JII0-6bie waH Chi Ha ycnex.

Ka)!(~aH roHKa World Superbike ~JII1TCH np11MepHO 40 MI1HyT. 3a 3TO BpeMH ni1JI0Thl npOe3)!(alOT ~11CTaHQ11lO,

paBHYIO B Cpe~HeM COTHe KI1JIOMeTpOB! BnetfaTJIHeT He TOJihKO Bhi~ep)!(Ka ni1JIOTOB, HO 11 no-

Ka3biBaeMbie 11MI1 CKOpOCTI1: Ha OT-~eJihHhiX yqaCTKaX

TpeKa MOTOQ11KJihl pa3BI1BaiOT CBhillie 300 KMj'f.

YIHTepeCHo, 'ITO, HeCMOTpH Ha 60Jih-rnyiO nonynHp-

HOCTh M11pOBOfO tfeMni10HaTa, fOH

KI1 KJiacca «Cynep-6ailK~> npo~OJI)!(a

lOT Cyll.leCTBOBaTh B HaQ110HaJihHhiX cep11HX. IIo)!(aJiyH:, Ha116onee rn11po

KO 113BeCTHhiMI1 113 H11X HBJIHIOTCH «AMep11KaH

C 11H: cynep6aH:K>>, nOHCKI1H cynep-

)!( <<Ep11TaHCKI1H cynep6aH:K>>. IIp11-

3ephi HaQ110HaJihHhiX tfeMni10HaTOB

Hepe~KO nepe-

CMeH no KOJII1'feCTBy no6e~ - aHrJII1HCKI1H

rOH11.111K Kapn c.DorapT11, BhiCTynaBWI1H Ha Ducati. 3TOT qenoBeK - noi1CTI1He 3Ha

KOBaH cp11rypa B M11pe MOTOCnOpTa. B~yMaHTeCh B 3T11Q11cppbl: 3a 11 Ce30HOB aHfJII1'faHI1H np11HHJI yqaCTI1e B 219 fOHKaX,

109 pa3 nO~H11MaJICH Ha n0~11YM 11 59 pa3 3aHI1MaJI BhicrnyiO CTyneHh nhe~ecTana.

tGi-: LACOSTE

eMy B 2001, 2006 11 2008 ro~ax. Ha cqe

TY EeH:n11cca 152 roHKI1, 94 no~11yMa 11 52 no6e~hi.

Cl>opMMbHO ZOHKa World Superbike CttumaemcJl uma.JlbJlHCKoii, ooHaKo 3a BCIO ucmopwo cepuu uma.JlbJlHCKuii ZOH1J1UK 3a6oe6a.Jl mumyJZ 'ieMnuoHa Mupa JZUUlb oouH pa3. HM

cma.Jl MaKe EbJloJICU 6 2010 zooy.

He o6xo~HT cTopoHOH World Superbike 11 3HaMeHI1-TOCTI1. Bee 3HaiOT MaH:Kna ,[()!(op~a

Ha - BeJII1Konen

Horo 6acKeT6oni1-CTa Bcex BpeMeH

11 Hapo~oB. O~HaKO 3Be3~Y nJieHI1-JII1 He TOJihKO MH'f 11 KOJihQo: MaH:KJI HBJIHeTCH 11 3aH~

JihiM nOKJIOHH11KOM wocceH:HO-KOJih

l.leBhiX MOTOfOHOK. OH qacThiH rocTh

Ha aMep11KaHCKI1X 3Tanax <<Cynep-

6aH:Ka>>, a e11.1e -

ni10HaT

XO~HT B M11pOBYIO cep11IO 'ITO,

B o611.1eM, Hey~I1-

HOBbllil EAU DE LACOSTE L .12.12 ROUGE

B 3 OM ro~y

World Superbike ~OJI)!(eH 6biTh

11.1e~phiM Ha poccrrH:cKI1e peKop~hi. IlOMI1MO TOfO 'ITO B ro~ cBoero

BI1TeJihHO. CaMoH: ycnew-

HOH MapKoH: 3a Bee BpeMH npoBe~eHI1H 'feMni10HaTa MO)!(HQ 6e30fOBOpO'IHO

C'fi1TaTh Ducati: 3a 25 neT cyll.leCTBOBaHI1H cep1111 World Superbike 11TaJihHHQaM y~anoch 3aBoeBaTh 14 TI1TYJIOB. BTopoe MeCTO no KOJII1'feCTBY O~ep)!(aHHhiX no-6e~ y HnOHCKOH Honda - wecTh TI1TynoB.

A B CTaHe ni1JIOTOB a6COJIIOTHhiH peKOp~-

nerEHAAPHAR PY6AWKA · nOnO B KOnnEKLII.111 APOMATOB

c.DorapT11 CTaHOBI1JICH a6COJIIOTHhiM 'feMni10HOM M11pa 'feThipe)!(~hi: B 1994, 1995,

1998 111999 ro~ax. IIoKa peKop~ aHrJII1HCKoro ni1JIOTa

HI1KeM He no611T. TI1TYJIOM TpexKpaTHoro 'feMni10Ha MO)!(eT nOXBaCTaTh e11.1e o~I1H ni1JIOT Ducati - aBcTpan11e1.1 TpoH: EeHJII1CC. 3TO ~OCTI1)!(eHI1e nOKOpHJIOCh

tfeTBepTbBeKOBO

fO I0611JieH cep11H BnepBhie npoH:~eT

Ha pOCCI1HCKOM TpeKe, y HaC HaKOHeQ-TO nOHBI1JICH ~eHCTBI1TeJihHO C11JihHhiH fOH-

11.111K 113 Pocc1111. Mono~oH: ni1JIOT Bna~11M11p JleOHOB BhiCTynaeT B KJiacce <<CynepcnopT>> 11 y)!(e B HatfaJie ce3oHa TBep~o 3aHBI1JI o ce6e: Ha TpeTheM 3Tane B ron

JiaH~CKOM AcceHe oH 3aBoeBaJI 6poH3y. ,[(o BCTpe'II1 Ha TpeKe! a

31

QseT - KaTerop1u1 cy6'heKTHBHoro socrrpHHTHH. O~HaKo 3a pa3HOQBeTheM OKpy>KaiOII.IerD HaC MHpa CTOHT QeJibiH

COHM HBJieHHH, H3yqaeMbiX <PH3HKOH, XHMHeH, 6HOJIOrHeH

Iii rrpoqHMH HayKaMH, Ha3hiBaeMbiMH eCTeCTBeHHbiMH -

a 3HaqHT, OIIHCbiBaiOII.IHMH rrpe~MeTbl Iii HBJieHHH, 110 60JibiiieH

qacTH OT BOJIH qeJIOBeKa He 3aBHCHI1.1He. TaK qTQ >Ke ~eJiaeT

Haiii MHp CTOJib 3aBopa>KHBaiOII.Ie HpKHM?

~ BeH~aM~H WEXTMAH

He6o roJiy6oe, Tpasa 3eJieHati, COJIHQe )l(eJITOe. I1MeH

HO TaK HapucyeT mo6o:i1 pe6eHOK, B351Bu.m:i1 B pyKu

MeJIKll llJill cpJIOMaCTepbl, IIOCKOJibKY TOqHo 3HaeT,

qTo KaKOfO QBeTa. Ho OTKy,l\a OH 3TO 3HaeT, He HMeH

HHKaKOfO rrpe,liCTaBJieHHH 0 XJIOpOIIJiaCTaX, cpJiyKTy

aQHHX IIJIOTHOCTH aTMOCcpepbl ll )I(H3HeHHOM QllKJie

3Be3,l\ rJiaBHOM JIOCJie,l\OBaTeJibHOCTH?

Haum rJia3a socrrpuHuMaJOT 3JieKTpoMarHHTHoe

ll3JiyqeHHe C ,1\JillHOM BOJIHbl IIpHMepHO OT 380 ,l\0

7 60 HaHOMeTpOB ll qacTOTO:i1400- 790 TeparepQ - TaK

Ha3hiBaeMhii1 BH.l\HMhii1 cseT. KoHeqHo, caMo H3Jiyqe

Hue He 3aBHCHT OT HaUJeM CIIOC06HOCTH ero BH,lleTb:

6y,l\h y Hac BMecTo rJia3 KaKue-Hu6y,l\h .l\pyrue opraHbi

qyBCTB llJill rrpu6opbl, Mbl IIpOCTO BOCIIpHHHMaJIH 6bJ

QBeTa KaK-TO HHaqe. Ho Mbl Bll,l\llM llX HMeHHO TaK

a IIOTOMY ,llaBai1Te rrorrpo6yeM pa3o6paThC51 c caMhiMH

qTO Hll Ha eCTb <1,!\eTCKHMll!> BOIIpOCaMH.

noqEMY HEBO CUHEE? Ha,l\ 3THM sorrpocoM JIOMaJiu roJIOBhi YMHei1wue

rrpe,liCTaBHTeJIH qeJIOBeqeCTBa, HO rrpaBHJibHbiM OT-

34 DISCOVERY I1IOHb 2012

C3P ltiCAAK HbiOTOH

MHOro 3KCnEPiti

MEHTitiPOBAJl CO

CBO~CTBAMitl CBETA,

HO TAK lt1 HE PACKPbiJl

CEKPET Cit! HEro HE5A

BeT 6hiJI IIOJiyqeH Jlllllib TOr,l\a, KOr,l\a HayKa ,l\OCTHrJia

,1\0JI)I(HOro ypoBHH. JieoHap,llo ,lla BuHqu rrucaJI, B,l\OX

HOBJieHHhii1 Ha6JIJO,l\eHH51Mll 3a ,1\biMOM ll3 KaMHHa:

<1CBeTJIOe IIOBepx TeMHOfO CTaHOBHTCH CllHllM, TeM

60JihUJe, qeM CBeTJiee 6y,l\eT CBeTJIOe ll TeMHee TeM

HOe>> . C HUM COrJiaUJaJIC51 feTe, KOTOpb!M 6hiJI He

TOJihKO rro::JTOM, HO u ecTeCTBOHCIIhiTaTeJieM. IIpas,lla,

pa3ra,l\KH 3Toro 51BJieHHH OHH TaK u He HaUJJIH. I1ca

aK HbJOTOH IIOCJie OTKpbiTll51llHTepcpepeHQllll CBeTa

B TOHKHX IIJieHKaX (HaJIO)I(eHH51 ,llpyr Ha ,llpyra CBeTO

BbiX BOJIH, 1IpHBO,l\51ll.lllX K II051BJieHHJO pa3HbiX QBe

TOB - H3-3a 3TOfO JIJieHKa 6eH3HHa Ha BO,lle Ka)l(eTCH

pa3HOQBeTHOM) IlbJTaJIC51 C ee IIOMOll.lbiO o6'b51CHllTb

QBeT He6a. 0H ,1\0IIYCKaJI, qTo KaJIJill BO,l\bl B aTMO

ccpepe HMeJOT cpopMy IIY3blpe:i1 C TOHKHMll CTeHKaMH,

spo,lle MhiJihHhiX. IIo3,l\Hee BhiHCHHJIOCh, qTo KarrJiu

rrpuHuMaJOT cpopMy wapa, a He rroJioro rry3hip51, H3Ta

flliiOTe3a OKa3aJiaCb HeCOCT051TeJibHOM.

ITbep Eyrep, JieoHap,ll 3:i1Jiep, 3,!\M MapuoTT u .l\py

rue yqeHhie XVII- XVIII BeKOB rroJiaraJIH, qTo cuHui1

OTTeHOK He6a OIIpe,lleJI51eTC51QBeTOM OCHOBHbiX KOM

JIOHeHTOB B03,llyxa. 3TO 06'bHCHeHHe 6biJIO 6JIU)I(e

K HeTHHe Jil IIOJIY'-IHJIO HeKOTOpoe IIO):ITBep)l():leHHe

B XIX BeKe, Kor;:~a BbiHeHHJIH, 'ITO )I(Jii):IKHH KHcnopo;:~

rony6oro QBeTa, a )I(Jii):IKHH 030H - eHHero. feonor,

6oTaHHK H H3o6peTaTeJib Opae EeHe):IHKT ;:~e Coee10p

(17 40-1799) rrpe;:IJIO)I(JiiJI 06'hHeHeHHe,

OT KOTOpOrO ):10 rrpaBHJ!bHOfO OCTaBaJIOeb

eoBeeM '-~YTh-'-IYTh. OH 3aHBHJI, 'ITO, 6y;:~h B03):1YX eoBepiiieHHO '-!JileT, He6o 6b!JIO 6b!

'-!epHbiM, HO eo;:~ep)l(aiQHeeH B aTMoe<t>epe

IIpHMeeH OTpa)l(a!OT rrpeHMyiQeeTBeHHO

rony6oM: H eHHHH QBeTa.

B XIX BeKe y'-leHbre MHoro 3KcrrepH

MeHTHpoBaJIH e paeeeHBaHJileM eBeTa

B )I(Jii):IKOeTHX Jil ra3aX - B '-!aeTHOeTJil,

,ll;oMHHHK Aparo, )l(aK Ea6HHe, ,/J;3BH):I

EpiOeTep H pH;:~ ;:~pyrHx <!>H3HKOB H aeTpo

HOMOB. Bee OHJil CTapaJIJileb B na6opaTOp

Hb!X ycJIOBJiiHX BOCIIpOH3BeCTJil Ji13MeHeHJile

QBeTa eBeTOBb!X Jiy'-leH IIpH IIpOXO)I():IeHJiiJil

'-1epe3 ra3hi H )I(Jii):IKOeTH, a pe3yJihTaThi

OIIb!TOB IIO):IBJilfaJIJil JiiX HeKaTb HeTOKJil eH

Hero QBeTa He6a B paeceHHHH eonHe'-!Horo

CBeTa B aTMOC<!>epe. HaKOHeQ, BO BTOpOH IIOJIOBHHe

_ ~!~- ~~_I<_~~-~~~~~~~~~ y_~~ll~~~-~-~?-~~~~~~ co3;:~an Teopmo MOJieKyJIHpHOfO paceeHHJiiH eBeTa B aTMO-

e<t>epe. OH rrHean, 'ITO paeeeHHHe eBeTa rrpoHexo;:~HT

He H3-3a rrpHMeeeM:, eo;:~ep)l(aiQHXeH B B03-

;:~yxe, a 6naro;:~apH MOJieKynaM eaMoro

B03;:~yxa. Pe3yJibTaTbi pa60T P3JieH 6biJIH

orry6JIHKOBaHbiB1899ro;:~yBeO'-!JiiHeHJiiJil

«0 eBeTe OT He6a, ero IIOJIHpH3aQJiiJil Jil QBe

Te». O;:~HH H3 BbiBO):IOB P3JieH rnaeHJI, 'ITO

HpKOeTb paeeeHHHOfO eBeTa MeHHeTeH

B 3aBJileJiiMOeTH OT ):IJ!JiiHbl BOJ!Hbl eBeTa,

rra;:~aiOIQero Ha paeeeHBaiOIQYIO '-!aeTHQy.

3a 3QCllYZU 6 UCCJle006QHUJlX OnmulfeCKUX ceoucme amMoccjJepbl ylfeHblU nollylfUJ! yeaJICumellbHoe npo3euw,e «P3l!eu AmMoccjJepHblU».

O;:~HaKo 3TO Bee eiQe He o6'hHeHHeT, rro

'-leMy He6o rony6oe. B Ha'-laJie XX BeKa

coBeTCKHH <!>H3HK JleoHH):I MaH;:~enbiiiTaM

35

,l(OKa3aJI, 'ITO ,l(JI.H pacce.HHH.H CBeTa B CllJIOIIIHOH cpe

,l(e Ba)I(HO HapyiiieHHe ee OIITHtieCKOH O,l(HOpO.l(HOCTH.

B O.l(HOpO.l(HOii cpe.l(e BOJIHhi, pacce.HHHbie OT.l(eJibHhi

MH tiaCTHI.(aMH ITO HaiTpaBJieHH.HM, He COBITa,l(aiDII.\HM

C HaiTpaBJieHHeM ITepBH'IHOH BOJIHbl, B3aHMHO ra

C.HTC.H. OmwqecKHMH Heo,l(Hopo.l(HOCT.HMH, MeiiiaiD-

11.\HMH TaKOMY <<ITOraiiieHHIQ>>, CJiy)l(aT <t>nyKTyai.\Hlf

(KOJie6aHH.H) ITJIOTHOCTH ra30B If ITpOtiHe «ITOMeXm>,

B03HHKaiDII.\He H3-3a TeiTJIOBOfO ,l(Blf)l(eHH.H tiaCTHI.\.

Pacce.HHHeM cseTa, Bhi3BaHHhiM 3THMH <t>nyKTya-

1.\H.HMH, 3aHHMaJIC.H ITOJibCKHii <Pw3HK Map waH CMony

xoscKwii, co3.l(aBIIIHii TeopwiD oiTanecl.\eHI.\HH- pac

ce.HHH.H CBeTa pa3pe)l(eHHb!Mlf ra3aMH, B KOTOpb!X

ITOJIO)I(eHHe tiaCTHI.\ MO)I(HO C'IHTaTh He 3aBHC.HII.\HM

.l(pyr OT .l(pyra. Enaro,l(ap.H 3TOMY cseT paccewsaeTc.H

CJiyqafiHhiM o6pa30M C HHTeHCHBHOCTbiQ, ITpOITOp-

1.\lfOHaJibHOH ITJIOTHOCTH ra3a. B OITTHtieCKH ITJIOTHbiX

cpe,l(aX CTaHOBHTC.H cyll.\eCTBeHHbiM MHOfOKpaTHoe

pacce.HHHe. B aTMoc<t>epe pacce.HHHe coJIHetiHoro

CBeTa H3-3a <t>nyKTyai.\Hll ITpOHCXO,l(HT TaK )l(e, KaK

w pacce.HHHe cseTa OT.l(eJibHhiMH ee qacTHI.\aMw. Ta

KHM o6pa30M, rony6ofi !.\BeT He6a o6'b.HCH.HeTC.H TeM,

'ITO BbiCOKO'IaCTOTHa.H - rony6a.H - COCTaBJI.HIQII.\a.H

COJIHe'IHOfO CITeKTpa pacceHBaeTC.H MHOfO CHJihHee,

He)l(eJiw HH3KOtiaCTOTHa.H - KpacHa.H. BhiBO.l(hi CMo

nyxoscKoro ITO.l(.l(ep)l(aJI caM Anb6epT 3iiHIIITeiiH.

noqEMY COJIHQE - :>KEJITOE? Ha 3TOT BOITpOC OTBeTHTb BpO,l(e 6bi JierKO: eCJIH CHH.H.H

w rony6a.H cocTaBJI.HIDII.\He COJIHetiHoro cseTa paccew

BaiDTC.H, OKpaiiiHBa.H He6o, ,l(JI.H CaMOfO COJIHI.\a OCTaeT

C.H KaK pa3 )l(eJITO-KpaCHa.H tiaCTh ciTeKTpa. AHa 3aKaTe

If BOCXO,l(e OHO BblfJI.H,l(HT KpaCHbiM H3-3a TOfO, 'ITO

ero JIY'IH ITpOXO,l(.HT ITO KaCaTeJibHOH OTHOCHTeJibHO

3eMJIH w wx ITYTh oKa3biBaeTc.H ,l(JIHHHee, tieM ,!(HeM.

I1o3TOMY paccewsaeTc.H ell.\e 6oJihiiia.H qacTh coJIHeti

HOfO ClleKTpa, OCTaeTC.H <t>aKTH'IeCKH TOJibKO KpaCHblll

1.\BeT, KOTOpblll If OKpaiiiHBaeT ,!(liCK CBeTHJia If He6o

BOKpyr Hero.

Ho ITOtieMy CoJIHI.\e H3JiyqaeT BOJIHhi HMeHHO Ta

Koii ,l(JIHHbl, 'ITO HX Blf,l(HMa.H tiaCTb CKJia,l(hiBaeTC.H

B ITPHBhi'IHhiii HaM crreKTp? IIoToMy, 'ITO CoJIHI.\e -

)l(eJITblll KapJIHK, KaK If, HaiTpHMep, 3ITCHJIOH 3pH

,l(aHa, o6e 3Be3.l(hi Anh<!>hi UeHTaspa HJIH Tay KwTa.

3Be3,l(bl HeO,l(HOKpaTHO MeH.HIQT pa3Mep, TeMITe

paTypy If CBeTHMOCTb 3a CBOIQ HeBepO.HTHO ,l(OJifYID

)l(lf3Hh. Bee HatiHHaeTc.H c xono,l(Horo o6naKa pa3pe

)l(eHHoro Me)I(3Be3.l(HOro ra3a, KOTopoe C)I(HMaeTC.H

ITO,!( ,l(eHCTBHeM C06CTBeHHOfO T.HfOTeHH.H If ITOCTe

ITeHHO «OKpyrJI.HeTC.H». fpaBHTai.\HOHHa.H 3HeprH.H

ITPH C)l(amw ITpespall.\aeTc.H B TeiTJIO, TeMITepaTypa ITO

BhiiiiaeTc.H, If Ha'IHHaiDTC.H TepMO.H,l(epHble peaKI.\lflf,

a caMo C)l(aTwe ITpeKpall.\aeTC.H - o6pa3yeTC.H 3Be3.l(a.

DISCOVERY TEMA HOMEPA

CnepBa B Heft .liOMJi!HHPYIOT peaK'-\1111 npeBparu;eHH.H

BO.liOPO.lla B reJmif. 3Ta <Pa3a )I(Ji13HJil CBemJJa - caMa.H

,liJJJiiHHa.H. Kor,11a B 1..\eHTpe 3Be3,llhi BO.liOPO.ll noJJHOCThiO

npeBparu;aeTc.H B reJJJiiH, o6pa3yeTc.H reJJJileBoe .H,llpo,

a TepMO.H,llepHbie peaK'-\1111 11.11YT TOJJbKO Ha nep11<Pe

p1111. CBeTHMOCTh 3Be3,llhi pacTeT, oHa pacnmp.HeTc.H,

a TeMnepaTypa ee TIOBepXHOCTJil CHJil)l(aeTC.H. IloJJy

qaeTC.H KpaCHhiH mraHT, BpO,lle AJJh,lle6apaHa. TaKa.H

<Pa3a Henpo,liOJJ)I(Ji!TeJJhHa: KOr,lla Macca reJJHeBoro

.H,llpa CJi!JibHO B03paCTaeT, OHO Ha'IJi!HaeT C)I(Ji!MaTbC.H

no,11 co6cTBeHHhiM BecoM. EcJJJil 3Be3,lla ,liOCTaTO'IHO

MaccJiiBHa, paCTyru;a.H TeMnepaTypa npoBO'-\HpyeT

TepMO.H,llepHoe npeBparu;eHHe reJJJii.H B yrJJepo,ll, 3aTeM

B KJi!CJJOpO,ll, KJi!CJJOpO,lla - B KpeMHJiiH, a KpeMHJii.H -

B )l(eJJe30. ECJJJil )l(e 3Be3,lla K MOMeHTY <<BhiropaHJii.H>.>

BO,liOpO,lla He,liOCTaTO'IHO BeJJJi!Ka ):IJJ.H TOfO, 'IT06bi

3anycTJiiJJJi!Ch npol\eCcbi npeBparu;eHJii.H reJJJii.H, oHa no

cTeneHHO OCTbiBaeT, npOXO,li.H CTa):IJiiiO KOp11'1HeBOfO

KapJJHKa 11 npeBparu;a.Hch B TBep,11oe nJJaHeTono,llo6Hoe

TeJJO. A eCJJJil TepMO.H,llepHbie rrpO'-\eCCbl B HeM 11.11YT He

paBHOMepHO, 3Be3,lla Me,liJJeHHO Ji!Cnap.HeTC.H.

I13MeHeHJii.H 3Be3):1 Ha TIYTJil )I(Jii3HeHHOfO 1..\JiiKJJa

oTpa)l(eHbi Ha ,1111arpaMMe fepl\IIITipyHra - Pacce

JJa, TIOKa3hiBa!Olll;eH 3aBJiiCJiiMOCTb Me)l(,lly Ji!X CBeTJii

MOCTbiO, a6COJJIOTHOH BeJJJii'IJiiHOH, TeMnepaTypoif

11 cneKTpaJJbHhiM KJJaccoM. EoJJblliJiiHCTBO 3Be3,11

HaXO,liJiiTC.H B TaK Ha3bJBaeMOH rJJaBHOH TIOCJJe):IO

BaTeJJbHOCTJil: ee COCTaBJJ.HIOT 3Be3,llbl, HaXO,li.Hlll;Jile

C.H B <Pa3e npeo6pa3oBaHJii.H BO,llopo,lla B reJJJiiH. 11x

Macca - npHMepHo OT 0,0767 .110 50 Mace CoJJH'-\a.

06beKTbl rJJaBHOH TIOCJJe,liOBaTeJJbHOCTJil - 3TO ro

JJy6bJe 3Be3,llhi, KaK Bera 11 AJJhTaHp, )l(eJJTbie 11 Kpac

Hbie KapJJHKJil, KaK IIpoKCJi!Ma UeHTaBpa. )l{eJJTbie

KapJJ11KJil, TaKJile KaK COJJH'-\e, Ji13JJyqaiOT CBeT, BOC

np11HJi!MaeMbiH HaMJil KaK 6eJJbiH. IIpoxo,li.H qepe3

aTMoc<Pepy HallleH TIJJaHeTbl, OH <<Ji136aBJJ.HeTC.H>.> OT

CJi!Hero Jil roJJy6oro, OCTaiOTC.H )l(eJJTbiH Jil KpaCHbiH.

Bo BceJJeHHOH B03MO)I(Hhi 11 MeCTa, r,11e '-\BeTa HeT

Ji16biTb He MO)I(eT. 3TO- qepHbie ,llblpbl, yqaCTKJil npo

CTpaHCTBa, np11T.H)I(eHJile KOTOpb!X HaCTOJJbKO BeJJJiiKO,

'ITO Ji!X npe,lleJJbl He MoryT TIOKJiiHYTh ,lla)l(e ,liBJii)I(Ylll;Jil

ec.H CO CKOpOCTbiO CBeTa 06beKTbl, B TOM 'IJiiCJJe <PoTO

Hbl. Cyru;ecTBOBaHHe qepHbiX ,llbip, HeO,liHOKpaTHO

,liOKa3aHHOe MaTeMaTJil'leCKJil, COrJJacyeTC.H C CaMbiMJil

pa3HhiMJil TeopH.HMJil opraHJil3al\1111 npoCTpaHCTBa-Bpe

MeHJil, O):IHaKO Ha6JJIO,llaTb Ji!X MO)I(HO JJJillllb KOCBeHHO,

TIO B03,lleHCTBJiiiO Ha OKpy)l(a!Oru;ee Beru;eCTBO. qepHbie

,llblpbl MOfYT Ji!MeTb pa3JJJii'IHOe np011CXO)I(,lleHJile, B TOM

'IJiiCJJe- KaK O,liJiiH 113 BapHaHTOB OKOH'IaHJii.H pa3BJi!TJii.H

3Be3,llhi. B 3TOM cJJyqae qepHa.H ,llbipa np11 KpoxoTHOM

pa,liJilyce B HeCKOJJbKO KJiiJJOMeTpOB BeCHT MJiiHJiiMYM

B 2,5-5,6 pa3a 6oJJhllle, 'leM CoJJH'-\e. B ,llaJJhHeifllleM

OHa MO)I(eT yBeJJJii'IJi!BaTbC.H 3a C'leT TIOfJJOIIl;eHJii.H Be

ru;eCTBa 113 OKpy)l(a!Oru;ero KOCMOCa.


nPI-l>lTHbiM 3EllEHbiM

1..\BETOM PACTI-lTEnb·

HOCTI-1 Mbl Oo513AHbl

xnOPO<PI-lnnY,

COAEP)f(AL!1EMYC51

B xnoPonnACT AX

nl-lCTbEB

noqEMY TPABA 3EJIEHA.H? 3TOT BOTipOC TIO,liBO,liJiiT HaC K O,liHOMY 113 OCHOBOTIO

JJara!Olll;JiiX npol\eccoB rrepepacnpe,lleJJeHH.H 3Hepm11

B )I(Ji!BOH np11po,11e- <PoTOCJi!HTe3y. Bo MHo roM Ji!MeH

HO 6JJaro,11ap.11 eMy )I(Jii3Hb Ha 3eMJJe CTaJJa TaKOH, KaK

ceifqac. Ee3 Hero He c<PopMHpoBaJJJi!Ch 6bi nHru;eBbie

1..\eTIH 11 nHpaMH.llhi , He 6hiJJO 6hi pa3,lleJJeHH.H Ha Tex.

KTO MO)I(eT CJi!HTe311pOBaTh opraHJil'leCKJile Belll;eCTBa

113 HeopraHJil'leCKJi!X, Jil TeX, KTO TIOTpe6JJ.HeT fOTOBYIO

opraHHKy. C)I(Jilfa.H He<PTh 11 ra3, Mhi noJJh3yeMc.H 3Hep

rHeif, 3anaceHHOH B ):laJJeKOM npOIIIJJOM C TIOMOIIl;biO

<PoTOCJi!HTe3a. EJJaro,11ap.11 eMy 113 yrJJeKHCJJoro ra3a

Jil BO,llbl o6pa3y!OTC.H opraHJil'leCKJile Belll;eCTBa Jil KJi!C

JJOpO,ll, KOTOpb!M BCe Mbl ,llbllliJiiM.

KBaHTbl CBeTa TIOfJJOIIl;aiOTC.H CO,llep)l(alll;JiiMJiiC.H

B KJJeTKaX TIJilfMeHTaMJil, o6pa3y.H BbiCOK03HepreTJil

qecKyiO a,lleH03Ji!HTp11<Poc<PopHyiO KJi!CJJOTY Jil HJi!KO

TJi!HaMJil,lla,ll eHJiiH,liJi!HYKJJeOTJil,ll <Poc<Pa T, CJJy)l(alll;JiiH

TpaHcnopTepoM 3Hepr1111. IloJJy'leHHa.H 3Hepr11.H

TpaTHTCH Ha TO, qT06b! B pe3yJibTaTe pH,11a

CJIO)!{Hb!X 1.\HKJIOB rrpespaTHTb yrneKHCJib!H

ra3 w BO.l1y, HarrpwMep, B KpaxMan. Kwcno

po,11- rro6oqHbiH rrpo,11yKT 3THX rrpespa!IIeHwi1.

ITpwMHTHBHbiH <t>oTOCHHTe3 B03HHK e~.L~e Ha

3ape BpeMeH y 6e3'bH,11epHb!X opraHH3MOB. JJ:o Ha

IIIero BpeMeHH ,l10)!{lfJIH HeKOTOpbie Blf,l1bl O,l1HO

KJieTOqHb!X, KOTOpble OCy!IIeCTBJIHIOT <t>oTOCHHTe3

rrpw rroMO!IIH 6eJIKa 6aKTepwopo,110ITCHHa. Ho <<Ha

CTOH!IIHH» <t>oTOCHHTe3 B03HHK y I.\HaHo6aKTepHH,

B0,110pOCJieHH pacTeHHH, ,110CTlffHYB COBepiiieHCTBa

y IlOCJie,l1HHX.

Heo6XO,l1lfMb!H KOMITOHeHT Bb!COK03<t><t>eKTHBHO

ro <t>oTOCHHTe3a - rrwrMeHT xJiopo<!>wJIJI. OH rrorJio

IIIaeT COJIHeqHb!H CBeT B CHHeM If KpaCHOM cerMeHTe,

OCTaBJIHH HeTpOHYTb!M 3eJieHb!H. Ho Be,l1b MaKCHMYM

HHTeHCHBHOCTH Blf,l1HMOfO COJIHeqHOfO lf3JiyqeHHH

HaXO,l1HTCH B 06JiaCTH ,l1JIHH BOJIH OKOJIO 550 HaHO

MeTpOB, TO eCTb B <<3eJieHOH30He». 0Tqero )!{e liM,

KaK rrpaBHJIO, rrpeHe6peraiOT? 0TTOfO qTO <t>oTO

CHHTe3 3aBHCHT He CTOJibKO OT 06!IIero KOJilfqeCTBa

COJIHeqHOfO CBeTa, CKOJibKO OT :meprHH OT,l1eJibHb!X

<t>oTOHOB If HX qwcna. Ka)!{,l1b!H <t>oTOH CHHero CBeTa

HeceT 6onbiiie ::meprww, He)!{eJIH KpacHbiH. CoJIHI-Ie

)!{e lf3JiyqaeT rrpewMy!IIeCTBeHHO KpaCHbie <t>oTOHbl.

PaCTeHH.fl rrpe,11ITOqlfTaiOT CHHHe <t>oTOHbl H3-3a HX

«Bb!COKOfO KaqeCTBa» If KpaCHb!e, KOTOpb!X oqeHb

MHOfO. 3eJieHhie )!{e <t>oTOHbl, ,l1JIHHa BOJ!Hbl KOTO

pb!X aKKypaT Me)!{,l1y CHHHM If KpaCHb!M, He MOryT ITO

XBaCTaTbCH Hlf 3HeprOeMKOCTblO, Hlf MaCCOBOCTblO.

He TO qTo6b! pacTeHHH COBCeM y)!{ lffHOpHpOBaJIH

3eJieHbiH cseT - B pH,11e cnyqaes (HarrpwMep, rro,11

TOJI!IIeH BO,l1bl, MeiiiaiO!IIeH rrpOX0)!{,11eHHIO CBeTa)

OH TO)!{e HCI10Jib3YeTCH, If ,11JIH 3T0f0 CJiy)!{aT ,11pyme

rrwrMeHTbi, TaKwe KaK KapoTHHOH,l1bi. HeKOTopoe

yqaCTHe B <t>oTOCHHTe3e rrpHHHMaiOT If IllffMeHTbl

aHTOI.\HaHbl, o6ycJIOBJIHBaiO!IIlfe rony6ofl, JIHJIO

Bb!H, 6arpOBb!Hlf <t>woJieTOBb!H OTTeHKH paCTeHHH.

0,11HaKO OCHOBHaH qaCTb <t>oTOCHHTe3a Ha 3eMJie

OCy!IIeCTBJIHeTCH rrpH ITOMO!IIlf HMeHHO XJIOpo<t>wn

Jia, KOTOpbiH oTpa)!{aeT 3eneHbie nyqw.

3mom ompaJKeHHblU CBemMbl u euiJuM, OH-mo u npuoaem npU6bl'iHYIO HaM OKpacKy XllOpOnJlacmaM,

coiJepJKaU(UMCfl e cpomocuHme3upy10U(UX 'iacmflx pacmeHuii. Kozoa JKe npot(eCCbl

cpomocwtme3a u3-3a HeiJocmamKa ceema npeKpaU(aiOmcfl u X!lopocpullJl ume-3aem, nponaoaem u 3eJleHafl oKpacKa.

BrrpoqeM, 3TOT rrwrMeHT - He caMbiH

pacrrpocTpaHeHHb!H B )!{lfBOH rrpw

po,11e. fopa3,110 IIIHpe rrpe,11CTaBJieHbl

KapoTHHOH,l1bi, o6ecrreqwBaiOIIIHe

)!{eJITyiO, pb!)!{YIO If KpacHyiO OKpacKy

)!{lfBOTHbiM w pacTeHHHM. TwrrwqHbiH

rrpHMep - pb!)!{afl MOpKOBKa, qefl 1.\BeT

o6'bHCHHeTCH HaJiwqweM KapoTwHa. EcTb

TaKHe IllffMeHTbl If B JIHCTbHX pacTeHHH -

OHH CTaHOBHTCH Blf,l1Hbl OCeHblO, IlOCJie pa3pyiiie

HHH XJIOpO<!>HJIJia. l1 BCe )!{e OKpacKa - He OCHOB

HaH YHKI.\HH IllffMeHTOB. B3HTb XOTH 6bl MeJiaHHH,

3a!IIH!IIaiO!IIlfH HaC OT ry6wTeJibHOfO B03,11eHCTBHH

YJibTpa<t>woJieTa. l1JIH reM, KOTOpb!H BXO,l1HT B CO

CTaB reMOfJI06HHa, 6HJIHpy6wHa If ,11pymx Be!IIeCTB,

He06XO,l1HMb!X ,l1JIH TpaHCilOpTHpOBKH KHCJI0p0,11a

K TKaHHM. ToM: )!{e 1-1eJIH cJiy)!{aT 1.\HToxpoMhi w re

MOI.\HaHHH (roJiy6ofl IllffMeHT KpOBH y MOJIJIIOCKOB).

EJiaro,11apH CBeTOH3JiyqaiO!IIHM rrwrMeHTaM JIIOI.\H

<t>epwHaM CBeTHTCH CBeTJifiqKlf. K IllffMeHTaM )!{e

OTHOCHTCH If p0,110ITCHH, KOTOpb!Hlf ,11aeT HaM BeJIH

KOJieiTHYIO B03MO)!{HOCTb Ha6JIIO,l1aTb BCe 6oraTCTBO

KpacoK oKpy)!{aiO!IIero Hac Mwpa. c

39

TAAHA TPETbErO OnC~HA l(BeTOBOcnpiUITlle pe6eHKa <j_)opMI1pyeTC5I BIIJIOTh ~0 IIO~pOCTKOBOrO B03paCTa - II03TOMY HrpyiiiKll

11 KapTllHKll B ~eTCKllX KHll)I(KaX OKparneHhl B IIpOCThie 5IpKI1e QBeTa. llOBTOp5IeT Jill OHTOreHe3 B ~aHHOM

CJiyqae <l_}llJIOreHe3 llJill 3BOJIIOQI15I QBeTOBOrO 3peHI15I JIIO~eM IIIJia llHhiM, 6oJiee IIpllqy~JillBhiM rryTeM?

~ Bl-1KTOP C!>JlAHr

E,liBa po,liHBUIHHCJI qenoseK cosepweHHO paBHO,lly

weH K KpacOTe Mupa: srrepBbie crroco6HOCTh pac

II03HaBaTb QBeTa IIOJIBJIJieTCJI y pe6eHKa B B03paCTe

OT ,liByx MeCJIQeB ,liO rronyro,lla. CHaqana MJia,lleHQhi

HaquHa!OT pa3JIHqaTb KpaCHbiHQBeT, 33TeM JKeJITbiH

u opaHJKeBhiH. Pacrro3HaBaHue JKe 3eJieHoro u cuRe-


fO- QBeTOB KOpOTKOBOJIHOBOH qaCTll CIIeKTpa - rrpo

llCXO,llllT OII.IYTHMO rro3,l1Hee. IIonHOQeHHhiM QBeTosoe

3peHHe CT3HOBHTCJI Jlllllib K qeTb!peM-IIJITll fO,llaM, HO

u TOr,lla He rrpeKpa11.1aeT csoero pa3BHTHJI.

To, KaK Mhi BH,liHM HHHTeprrpeTupyeM QBeTa, 3aHu

MaeT yqeHhiX c He3arraMJITHhiX speMeH. TaK, ,llpeBHHe

enmnme rronaraJIH, 'ITO qenoseqecKHH rna3113JiyqaeT

pa3HOQBeTHbie (HO HeBI1,[111Mbie) JIYtJI1, KOTOpbre «OI.l.\y

Ilb!Ba!OT>> OKpy)!{aJOI.l.\He rrpe,!~MeTbi. ,n:pesHerpeqecKHH

cp11JIOCOcp 3MIIe,[IOKJI B V BeKe ,(10 H. 3. Bb!CKa3aJI CJie

,!~YIOI.l.\YIO rHIIOTe3y: BCe Ha CBeTe, BKJIJO'Ia51 11 rJia3a,

HcrrycKaeT HeKyJO cy6CTaHQHJO. 3Ta cy6cTaHQ1151, Hc

TeKa51H3 rna3a, BCTpeqaeTC51 c HCTeKaiOI.l.\eH 113 rrpe,!~

MeTa, a B MeCTe 11X CTOJIKHOBeHI151 II051BJI5leTC51 QBeT.

KaKOH QBeT B03HI1KHeT, 3aBHCI1T OT COOTHOIIIeHI151

<<rJia3HOH>> 11 <<IIpe,!~MeTHOH>> cy6cTaHJ.II1H . .ll:eMOKp11T,

COBpeMeHHHK 3MIIe,[IOKJia, IIOJiaraJI, 'ITO OI.l.\YI.l.\eHHe

QBeTa po)!{,[laeTc51 BHYTPH Hac 1151BJI5leTc51 pe3yJihTaToM

OTpa)!{eHI151 Bel.l.\eH B HaiiieM C03HaHI111.lJ,BeT )!{e Bel.l.\eH

orrpe,!~eJI5leTC51 B3ai1MHb!M paCIIOJIO)!{eHHeM 6eCQBeT

Hb!X aTOMOB, 113 KOTOpb!X Bel.l.\11 COCT051T.

XoTR H,!le51 o 6ecQBeTHhiX aTOMax ce651 B HeKo

TopoM CMhiCJie orrpaB,!IbiBaeT, MHp ,!IJI51 Hac see )!{e

OKa3biBaeTC51 KpaCO'IHb!M 11 51pK11M, HaiiOJIHeHHb!M

HeC'IeTHb!M 'IHCJIOM OTTeHKOB . .ll:pyroe ,(leJIO, 'ITO OT

TeHK11 3TH MOryT OTJIH'IaThC51 ,(IJI51 Ka)!{,c(OfO 113 HaC -

JII0,[\11 pa3HOfO B03paCTa 11 IIOJia BOCIIp11HI1MaJOT QBeTa

rro-pa3HoMy. 0TCJO,!Ia MHorotiHCJieHHhre IIIYTKH, Ha

rrpHMep, rrpo HerroHHMaHHe MY)!{'IHHaMH <<)!{eHcKoro>>

QBeTOBOCIIp1151TI151: «liepCHK - 3TO He QBeT, a cppyKT!

l1 cpyKC1151 TO)!{e cppyKT ... HaBepHOe>> . .ll:JI51 TaKHX IIIy

TOK, KOHe'IHO, 60Jibiiie COQHaJibHbiX, '!eM cp113110JIO

fi1'IeCKI1X OCHOBaHHH, HO pa3HOe BOCIIp1151TI1e QBeTa

y pa3Hb!X JIJO,[IeH O'IeBH,!IHO.

M11p QBeTHOH He TOJibKO ,!IJI51 JIJO,!IeH, HO 11 ,!IJI51 MHO

)!{eCTBa ,!~pymx )!{HBhiX cyl.l.\eCTB, HaceJI51IOI.l.\11X 3eM

JIIO. IlpH'IeM ,(IJI51 HeKOTOpb!X 113 HHX rraJIHTpa KpaCOK

Ky,!la 6oratie. Ho HatiHeM sce-TaKH c qenoseKa.

JlJO,!IH BI1,!151T 11 oco3HaJOT ysH,[IeHHoe 6naro,!~ap51

TOMy, 'ITO 06Jia,[laJOT 3p11TeJibHb!MI1 peQeiiTOpaMH

11 M03rOM, crroco6HhiM o6pa6aThiBaTh 11x CHrHaJihi.

PeQerrTopos, pacrronaraiOI.l.\HXC51 Ha ceTtiaTKe rJia3a, -

CXEMA PACnOJlO:>KEHIIIs:l HEVIPOHOB CETLIATKIII

"------'- - IAHinlt103HbiE

V1 AMAKPVIHOBbiE KnETKVI

"----- 5V1nOmlPHbiE

V110PV130HTAnbHbiE KnETKVI

1'----- <l>OTOPEUEnTOPbl ,

B TOM YVICnE KOn50YKV1

,c(Ba BH,[Ia: IIaJIO'IKI111 KOJI60'IKI1, IIpH'IeM IIOCJie,[IHHe

6biBaJOT Tpex THIIOB. Ka)!{,[la51 KOJI60tiKa CO,!~ep)!{HT

IIHrMeHT - OIICHH, IIOfJIOI.l.\aiOI.l.\11H CBeT OIIpe,!~eJieH

HOfO yqacTKa CIIeKTpa JIY'IIIIe, '!eM OCTaJibHb!X. KoJI-

60'IKI1 rrepsoro THrra, <<KpacHhre~, peampyiOT CHJibHee

BCero Ha ,(IJIHHHbie BOJ!Hbl CBeTa ( 620-700 HaHOMe

TpOB), BTOpOrO, «3eJieHhie~, - Ha BOJ!Hbl cpe,!~HeH

,(IJII1Hbl (500-570 HaHOMeTpOB), a <<CI1HI1e~- Ha KO

pOTKHe BOJIHhr ( oKoJio 430 HaHoMeTpos). Kon6o'IKH

Ka)!{,!~Oro mrra socrrpHHHMaJOT see cerMeHThi crreKTpa,

HO <<CBOH~ CBeT- 3aMeTHO JIY'IIIIe. Ilp11 CTI1MYJI51Q1111

113JiyqeHHeM COOTBeTCTBYIOI.l.\efO QBeTa TOJibKO <<Kpac

Hb!X>> Kon6otieK Mhi YBH,!IHM )!{eJIT0-3eJieHhiH QBeT,

<<CI1HI1X~ - cpHOJieTOBb!H, a <<3eJieHh!X>> - CI1He-3e

JieHhiH 11 rony6ol1. Bee ,!IOCTyrrHoe HaM MHoroo6pa3He

QBeTOB (OKOJIO 10 MI1JIJII10HOB) Mbl BOCIIp11HI1MaeM

6naro,!lap51 CMeiiieHHIO CHrHaJIOB 3TI1X Tpex THIIOB

KOJI60'IeK. B KatieCTBe HarJI5l,!IHOH aHaJIOrl111 MO)!{

HO rrp11secTH QBeTOBYJO rraJIHTPY RGB (red, green,

blue), 11CIIOJ!h3yeMyJO B KOMIIbJOTepHb!X MOHHTOpax

11 TeJieBH3opax, KOr,!la 3aropaiOI.l.\HeC51 TO'IKH CHHero,

3eJieHoro 11 KpaCHoro QBeTa cpopMHpyiOT KapTHHKY

CO MHO)!{eCTBOM OTTeHKOB.

XomJl 6ce Jlloou u 6ocnpuHuMmom f16ema 6eCbMa noxoJICe, KOJLuttecm6o KoJL6otteK 6 ux cemttamKe MOJ/Cem pa3HUmbcJl 6 40 pa3. 3mo c6uoemeJLbcm6yem o moM, ttmo ocH06HYIO pa6omy no «f16emooeJLeHUIO~ 6blnOJLHJlemM032.

113 TbMbl - K UBETY KaK )!{e Mhr o6pen11 crroco6HOCTh K QBeTosocrrpH51THJO?

CHa'!aJia Mhi ee tiYTh He YTPaTHJIH. EI.l.\e ,!IO Toro, KaK

II03BOHO'IHb!e Bb!IIIJII1 Ha cyiiiy, OHI1 o6Jia,[laJII1 rrpe

BOCXO,[IHOH OCTpOTOH QBeTHOfO 3peHI151 6JiafO,!~ap51

'IeTbipeM 11MeBIIII1MC51 y HHX OIICHHaM. TaKOe QBeTO

BOe 3peHHe Ha3hiBaeTC51 TeTpaxpOMaTYI'IeCKHM, a TO,

KOTOpb!M Mbl 06Jia,[laeM ceffqac, C TpeM51 OIICHHaMH, -

TpHxpoMaTH'IeCKHM. IT THJ.Ihi 11 HeKoTopbre ,!~pyme rro-

3BOHO'IHhre COXpaHI1JII1 <<CTapyiO>> CHCTeMy, II03TOMY

11X QBeTOBOe 3peHHe HaMHOfO rrpeBOCX0,[\11T Hallie.

Ho y 6oJihiiiHHCTBa MJieKOIIHTaiOI.l.\HX ,!~Ba 113 'IeThi

pex OIICHHOB 11C'!e3JII1, 11 3peHHe CTaJIO ,!IBYXQBeTHb!M

(,!~11XpOMaTH'IeCK11M). 0HI1, HaiipHMep, He OTJIH'Ia!OT

KpacHbiH QBeT oT 3eJieHoro. ITotieMy )!{e rrpe,!~KH rrpH

MaToB yTpaTI1JII1 IIOJIOBHHY 11MeBIIII1XC51 OIICHHOB 11 KaK

11X IIOTOMKaM y,!laJIOCb <<OThirpaTb Ha3a,(l>> 0,[\HH 113 HHX?

CKopee BCero, IIOTep51 ,!IBYX OIICHHOB 6biJia CB513aHa

c rrepexo,!IOM Ha HO'IHOH o6pa3 )!{113HH. CnytiHJIOCh 3TO

B KOHQe TpHacosoro HJIH B HatiaJie IOpcKoro rrepHo,[la,

B pe3yJihTaTe ,(IJIHTeJihHOH KOHKypeHQ1111 Me)!{,!ly ,!1By

M51 rpyrrrraMH ,!~peBHHX II03BOHO'IHhiX. B rrepMCKOM

rrepHO,[Ie rrpe,!~KI1 MJieKOIII1TaiOI.l.\11X - CI1HaiiCI1,[\bl -

41

rocrrot:~eTBOBamr noqnr 6e3pa3t:~eJibHO. Ho B TpHaee

nOHBHJIHeb 3BOJIIOI.\HOHHO nporpeeeHBHbie apx03aB

pbi- npet:~eTaBHTeJIH <<KOHKypHpyiOII.\eM rpynnHpOB

KH~ L(HanCHL(, npetjKOB penTHJII1M 11 IlTHI.\. 3BOJIIOI.\11H

3y6aeTbiX apX03aBpOB IIIJia B eTOpOHY yKpynHeHI1H

pa3MepoB 11 yBeJII1qeHHH eKopoeTH. CHHanCHt:~bi )l(e

eTaHOBI1JII1eb Bee MeHbiiie 11 eTapaJIHeb He BeTpeqaTbeH

e apx03aBpaMI1 <> . TaKI1M o6pa30M,

B TpHaee eHTyai.\HH 3epKaJibHO noMeHHJiaeb: apX03aB

pbi, pa3BHBIIII1eeH BL(HH03aBpOB, 3aHHJII160Jibllli1HeTBO

3KOJIOf11qeeKI1X HHIII, a eHHaneHL(bi noqTH BbiMepJIH.

0eTaJiaeb OL(Ha He60JibiiiaH rpynna, KOTOpaH BnOeJietj

eTBHH 3BOJIIOI.\110HHpoBaJia t:~o MJieKoni1TaiOII.\HX. Beeb

IOpeKHM H MeJIOBOM nepHOL( MJieKOnHTaiOII.\He, OeTa

BaHeb B pa3MepHOM KJiaeee Kpbiebi, t:~ep)l(aJII1eb THIIIe

BOL(bi, Hl1)1(e TpaBbi 11 6biJIH nonpOeTy BbiHY)I(L(eHbi

BeeTH HOqHOM o6pa3 )1(113HI1, qTo6bi He nepeeeKaTbeH

e 6ot:~peTBYIOII.\HMI1 L(HeM eBHpenbiMH L(HH03aBpaMH.

,/J;JIH MeJIKOfO HOqHOfO )I(HBOTHOfO 1.\BeTHOe 3peHHe

6eCIIOJie3HO, 11 reHbi LIBYX oneHHOB Heqe3JII1 3a HeHa

L(06HOeTblO. CnyeTH MHJIJIHOHbi neT t111H03aBpbi Bbi

MepnH - He 6e3 nOMOII.\H MJieKOnHTaiOII.\HX, nO)I(H

paBIIIHX no HoqaM HX HMI.\a H eBe)l(eBbiJiynHBIIIYIOeH

MOJIOL(b, eJieL(HTb 3a KOTOpoif rHraHTeKHe pOL\HTeJIH

6biJII1 He B eoeTOHHI1H. Tenepb MJieKOni1TaiOII.\HM Hl1-

qTO He MeiiiaJIO BepHyTbeH K L(HeBHOMY o6pa3y )1(113HH,

HOe y)l(e ype3aHHbiM 1.\BeTOBbiM 3peHI1eM: yTpaqeHHbie

reHbi B3HTb 6biJIO Hertje.

OncuH06bze zeHbl uclfe3JlU He ooHo6peMeHHO. B zeHoMe ymKoHoca o6HapyJICeH oouH U3 HUX, a 3Halfum, Bmopou zeH 6bzll ympalfeH yJICe nocJle pa3oeJleHUJl Ha cyMlfambzx u nllal1eHmapHblX.

IloCTeneHHO MJieKOnHTaiOII.\11e eoBepiiieHeTBOBaJII1eb,

H L(JIH npHMaTOB KaqeeTBeHHOe 1.\BeTHOe 3peHI1e eTa-

42 DISCOVERY 11IOHb 2012

CVIHAnCVI.!lbl B03-

HVIKnVIOKOnO

320 MVInnVIOHOB nET HA3A.£l O.UHA V1 3 VIX

fPYnn , TEPAn CVI.!lbl ,

6blnVI nPE.£lKAMVI

MnEKOnVITAIOlljVIX

.£lVIAnCVI.£lbl CY

ll1ECTBYIOT Y)I(E

300 MVInnVIOHOB nET.

nTVIL\bl , KPOKO.!lVI

nbl , 3M EVI , s:llljEPVI

L\bl - .£lQ)I(VIBWVIE

.UO HAWVIX.£lHEiil

.£lVIAnCVI.£lbl

JIO BeebMa aKTyaJibHbiM - XOTH 6bi L(JIH TOrO, qT06bi

H3tjaJII1 OTJIHqaTb CIIeJibie nJIOL(bi OT He3peJibiX H He

eKaKaTb no BeTKaM 3pH. Y o6II.\ero npet:~Ka Y3KOHo

ebiX o6e3bHH (B TOM q11.ene H JIIOt:~eM:) OL\HH H3 t:~Byx

eoxpaHHBIIIHXeH oneHHOBbiX reHoB YLIBOHJieH OKOJIO

35 MHJIJII10HOB JieT Ha3aL(. IlonyqHBIIIHeeH KOni1H tjO

BOJibHO 6bieTpO (B 3BOJIIOI.\110HHbiX MaeiiiTa6ax) Ha

CTpOHJII1eb Ha pa3Hbie t:~JIHHbi BOJIH. TaK y npHMaToB

nOHBHJIOeb Tp11XpOMaTHqeeKOe 3peHI1e. Y HeKOTO

pbiX IIIHpOKOHOebiX o6e3bHH, HaeeJIHIOII.\HX lQ)I(HYIO

AMepHKy, TO)I(e o6pa3oBaJieH TpemM: oneHH. Hoy HHX

ero reH - Beero J!Hlllb Bap11aHT OL(HOfO H3 npe)I(HHX

oneHHOBbiX reHoB. OH Haxot:~HTeH B X-xpoMoeoMe,

n03TOMY 063aBeeTI1eb TpeTbi1M onei1HOM H, eOOTBeT

eTBeHHO, TpHXpOMaTHqeeKHM 3peH11eM MOryT TOJibKO

eaMKI1, H TO He Bee. TaKI1M eqaeTJIHBHI.\aM npHXOL\11TeH

BbipyqaTb t:~pyri1X qJieHOB eTaH, yKa3b!BaH, 3a KaKI1-

MH nJIOL(aMI1 H JIHeTbHMH 11MeeT eMb!CJI nporyJIHTbeH,

a KaK11e He eTOHT yei1JII1M.

CaMI.\OB o6e3bHHOK eail:M11p11 ( e t:~BYXI.\BeTHbiM 3pe

HHeM) HenOJib30BaJIH L(JIH 0Tpa60TKI1 MeTOL(OB Jieqe

HHH L(aJibTOHI13Ma y qeJIOBeKa: B pHtje enyqaeB 3TO

3a6oJieBaHHe y JIIOL(eM eBH3aHO e L(HXpOMaTHqeeKHM

3peHHeM. B eeTqaTKY rJia3a o6e3bHHbi BHet:~pHII11 He

t:~OeTaiOII.\HM reH e nOMOII.\blO BHpyea-HOCHTeJIH, 3aTeM

yCTpaHBaJII1 3TOJIOf11qeeKoe 11 Heifpo<l>H3HOJIOf11qe

eKOe TeeT11pOBaHHe, KOTOpoe L(OJI)I(HO 6b!JIO BbiHBI1Tb,

paeiiiHpHJieH JIH ( H eeJIH L(a, TO HaeKOJibKO) L(Hana30H

BocrrpHHHMaeMbiX )I(HBOTHbiM 1.\BeTOB. OnbiTbi yBeH

qaJIHeb yeneXOM, nOL(TBeptj11B TO, qTO y)l(e 6biJIO 06Ha

py)l(eHO B 3KenepHMeHTaX e MbiiiiaMI1: L(JIH TOfO qT06bi

)1(11BOTHOe HaqaJIO atjeKBaTHO BOenpHHHMaTb HOBbie

1.\BeTa, L(OeTaToqHo HOBbiX pel.\ellTOpOB. HOBbie eTpyK

Typbi B M03re e03L(aBaTb He HaL(O, eTapbie yeneiiiHO

nOL(eTpaHBaiOTeH nOL( paeiiiHpHBIIII1eeH enoeo6HOeTH.

YMeHbUleHUIO ttuow oncuHoB coomeemcmeoeaf!o yeeflUtteHue KOJ!Uttecmea o6oHflmellbHbtX pel{enmopoe, mo ecmb y MJleKonumaiOll{UX no Mepe nepexooa K HOttHDMY o6pa3y J/CU3HU yxyoweHue l{BemHozo 3peHUfl KOMneHcupoBal!OCb yflyttweHueM o6oHJlHUfl.

OCTPhiU fJIA3 )KHBOTHbJe, He HBJJHJO~HeCH IIOTOM

KaMH CHHarrmt~ , o6JJat~aJOT 6oJJee

COBeprneHHhiM QBeTOBhiM 3peHHeM,

qeM Harne. ,[(a)l(e KYPHlla JJerKo t~aCT

HaM ¢lopy: y Hee QeJJbiX IIIeCTh BHtjOB

KoJJ6oqeK. 'IeTbipe HX BHt~a o6ecrre

qHBaJOT TeTpaxpoMaTHqecKoe 3pe

HHe H qyBCTBHTeJJhHhl K ¢lHOJJeTOBO

My, CHHeMy, 3eJJeHOMY H KpaCHOMY

yqacTKaM crreKTpa. E~e t~Ba, rrpast~a,

K QBeTOBOCIIpHHTHJO OTHOIIIeHHH He

HMeJOT, OHH OTBeqaJOT 3a pa3JJHqe

HHe t\BH)I(Y~HXCH 06beKTOB. liOMHMO

qeTBepTOrO OIJCHHa y IITHQ eCTh TaKOe

HOB006pa30BaHHe, KaK JJHIIHtjHaH KaiJJJH B BepxyrnKe

KOJJ6oqKH. 3Ta KaiJJJH COtjep)I(HT IIHrMeHThl, a ee QBeT

COOTHOCHTCH C tjJJHHOM BOJJHhl ¢lJJIOOpecQeHQHH rrpH

OCBe~eHHH TeM HJJH HHhiM CBeTOM. CHHHe KOJJ6oqKH

¢lJJIOopecQHPYJOT rrpH YJJhTpa¢>HoJJeTOBOM ocse~e-


CAMKI-1 WI-1POKOHO

CbiX06E3b~H . 06nA

,ll,AIOll11-1ETPI-1XPOMA

TI-1YECKI-1M 3PEHI-1EM,

YACTO CTAHOB~TC~

BQ)I(AKAMI-1

UBETOBOCn PI-1~TI-1E

Y nTL-1U KYAA 601AYE,

HE)I(Enl-1 YEnOBEYE

CKOE

HHH, KpaCHhie- rrpH 3eJJeHOM, 3eJJeHhie- rrpH CHHeM.

Bee 3TO II03BOJJHeT IITHQe BHtjeTb QBeTa, JJe)l(a~He

B Het~OCTH)I(HMOM t~JJH Hac YJJhTpa¢>HoJJeTosoi1 qacTH

crreKTpa, H pa3JJHqaTh 6oJJhiiie OTTeHKOB. A pa3HO

o6pa3Hee BCero BHtjHT MHp 06HTaTeJJb KOpaJJJJOBhiX

pH¢lOB paK-60rOMOJJ. Y Hero 12 THIIOB QBeTOpeQeii

TOpOB, qTQ II03BOJJHeT eMy ycrreiiiHO OXOTHThCH cpet~H

rreCTpOThl KOpaJJJJOB H HX 06HTaTeJJeJ1.

Ho KOe-KOMY IIOBe3JJO e~e MeHhiiie, qeM HaM. EJJa

ropOtjHOMY OJJeHJO 06beKThl, OTpa)l(aJO~He HJJH HCIIy

CKaJO~He CBeT Cpet~HeBOJJHOBOrO H tjJJHHHOBOJJHOBOrO

tjHaiJa30HOB - Te, qTQ Mhl BOCIIpHHHMaeM KaK 3eJJe

HbJe, )l(eJJT0-3eJJeHhie, KpacHhie HJJH opaH)I(eBhie, -

BHt\HTCH B Ot\HOM QBeTe, rrpOCTO CBeTJJee HJJH TeMHee.

3eJJeHhiM )l(e QBeT OJJeHJO H BOBCe HeH3BeCTeH. TeM He

MeHee Ka)l(tjOe )I(HBOTHOe, He3aBHCHMO OT CTerreHH

COBepiiieHCTBa era QBeTOBOrO 3peHHH, BOCIIpHHHMaeT

OKpy)l(aJO~HM MHp t\OCTaTQqHQ HHTepeCHhiM H HpKHM

t\JIH TOrO, qTo6hi CTpeMHThCH BhiiiOJJHHTh CBOH OCHOB

Hhle 6HOJJQfHqeCKHe 3at~aqH: rrpO)I(HTh KaK MO)I(HQ

tjOJJbiiie H tjaTb rrpOt\YKTHBHOe IJOTOMCTBO.

11ccJJetjOBaHHH QBeTOBOrO 3peHHH qeJJOBeKa BbJ

HBHJJH JJJ06orrhiTHhie rrapat~OKChJ. HarrpHMep, TaK

Ha3hiBaeMhiM 3¢l¢leKT ,[()l(at~t~a 3aKJJJOqaeTCH B TOM,

qTQ, eCJJH Ha 3eJJeHhiM ¢loH IIOMeCTHTh 6eJJOe HJJH ce

poe IIHTHO, OHO Ka)l(eTCH KpaCHOBaTbiM. 3TO HBJJeHHe

o6bHCHHJOT TeM, qTQ B036y)l(tjeHHbJe peQeiiTOpbl, qys

CTBHTeJJbHbJe K 3eJJeHOMy, HaBOtjHT <<IJOMeXH>'> HaTe,

qTQ qyBCTBHTeJJbHhl K KpaCHOMy. ,[(pyroif HHTepeCHhiM

rrapat~OKC - Ct\BHr ITypKHHhe, OIIHChiBaJO~HM HeKO

TOpbie H3MeHeHHH QBeTOBOCIIpHHTHH rrpH rrepeXOtje

OT t~HeBHoro 3peHHH K cyMepeqHoMy. KpaCHhiMQBeT

B cyMepKaX Ka)l(eTCH 6oJJee TeMHhiM, He)l(eJJH 3eJJeHbiM,

a HQqbJO CTaHOBHTCH rrpaKTH

qecKH qepHhiM. CHHHM )l(e,

Hao6opoT, cseTJJeeT, a 6eJJhiM

rrpHo6peTaeTroJJy6osaThiM oT

TeHOK. E~e Ot\HH rrapat~oKc -

3¢>¢leKT EeQOJJht~a - EpiOKKe.

IIpH yseJJHqeHHH HHTeHCHB

HOCTH tjJJHHHOBOJJHOBOrO QBe

Ta, HarrpHMep )l(eJJT0-3eJJeHoro

HJJH )l(eJJTO-KpaCHOrO, OH Ka

)l(eTCH He TOJJhKO 6oJJee HpKHM,

HO H 6oJJee )l(eJJThiM. A KopoT

KOBOJJHOBhie CHHe-3eJJeHbiM

H ¢lHOJJeTOBhiMQBeTa rrpH yse-

JJHqeHHH HHTeHCHBHOCTH BbJ

rJJHtjHT 6oJJee CHHHMH.

~HOroo6pa3He BapHaHTOB QBeTOBOrO 3peHHH

CJJY)I(HT HaM XOpOIIIHM ypoKOM, 3aCTaBJJHH IIOMHHTh:

JJHqHhiM B3rJJHt\ Ha MHp He HBJJHeTCH et~HHCTBeHHO

B03MO)I(HhiM. A 3TO, HecoMHeHHO, Ba)I(HhiM war K pac

IIIHpeHHJO HaiiiHX ropH30HTOB. C

liiMSI U.BETA ~ Cocpb51 AY3P6AX, IlHmt51 Illt1TBit1HA

46 DISCOVERY YIJOHb 2012

13 aBryCTa 1928 ro,n:a B JIOH,ll;OHe B 3¢I1p BhllllJia nepBaH B MYipe

QBeTHaH TeJienepe,n:aqa, 3TO C06hiTI1e 3aJIO)I{l1JIO O,ll;HY l13 OCHOB l1H

¢opMaQI10HHOfO 06I.QeCTBa: QBeT 3aHHJI CBOe MeCTO cpe,n:YI cnoco60B

nepe,n:atiYI YIH¢opMaQYII1. BnpotieM, TaKOBhiM OH 6hiJI Bcer,n:a.

qTo TaKoe '-IBeT? HecMoTpH Ha Ka)!{yll.lyiOcH JierKOCTh

BOITpoca, OTBeTHTb Ha Hero He TaK-TO ITpOCTO. [(BeT

ITOCTOHHHO ITpHCYTCTByeT BOKpyr HaC. Bee ITpe,l\MeThl

H HBJieHHH HeiTpeMeHHO o6Jia,l(a!OT KaKHM-HH6y,l\b '-IBe

TOM; H3hiKOM '-IBeTa Mhi Y'IHMCH roBopHTh B rJiy6oKOM

,l(eTCTBe, el'-le TOJIKOM He OCBOHB C06CTBeHHO pe'Ib,

TpeiTeTHO C06JIIO,l(aeM CBH3aHHbie C HHM ycJIOBHOCTH,

ITpHBeTCTByeM CMeHy KpaCOK B ITpHpO,l\e - HO e,l(Ba JIH

3a,l\yMhiBaeMCH, a 'ITO 3TO, C06CTBeHHO, TaKOe. I10)!{a

Jlyll, CJIO)!{HO ,l(a)!{e CKa3aTb, '-IBeT- 3TO <l>opMa HBJieHHM

HJIH HaiTOJIHeHHe 'IY)!{OM <l>opMbl, COCY.l\ C ITYCTOTOM -

HJIH OrOHb, B HeM Mep'-la!Ol'-IHM. Y Ka)!{,l(OrO (B H3BeCT

HbiX ITpe,l(eJiaX, pa3yMeeTCH) 113 '-IBeTOB eCTb Ha3BaHHe,

era <l>opMa B H3b!Ke, O,l(HaKO '-IBeT He cyll.leCTByeT CaM

ITO ce6e, a Bcer,l(a o6o3Ha'laeT He'ITO - 6y.l\y'IH ,l(a)!{e

B 06HXO,l(e CBH3aH TO C OITpe,l\eJieHHbiMH 3MO'-IHHMH,

TO c ITpe,l\MeTaMH (11 TYT y Ka)!{,l(Oro cBoif Ha6op), TO

C C06b!THHMH. I1 JII06oif '-IBeT yKa3biBaeT Ha OCTaTKH

,1\0Jiroif HCTOpHH OTHOIIIeHHH K CaMOMY ce6e.

BKnYBKEllPOTUBOPEquR CITOC06HOCTb H )!{eJiaHHe MbiCJIHTb H Bbipa)!{aTb CBOH

Mb!CJIH B '-IBeTe, ITepBbie ITOITbiTKH ITOHCKa KOJIOpH

CTH'IeCKOM rapMOHHH - BCe 3TO 'leJIOBe'leCTBO o6pe

JIO Ha caMbiX paHHHX 3TaiTax CBoero pa3BHTHH. [(BeT

He HY)!{HO 6biJIO OTKpbiBaTb '-leHoif ITpHMHTHBHhiX

TeXHOJIOrH'IeCKHX ITpo6 H OIIIH60K, ITO,l(06HO ITJiaBKe

MeTaJIJIOB, - OH y)!{e 6hiJI BOKpyr. 0H ITOJiy'laeT TeO

peTH'IeCKOe OCMbiCJieHHe ,l(aJieKO He cpa3y - 0,1\HaKO

Cpa3y TOJIKaeT Ha B3aHMO,l(eMCTBHe C HHM, 3aCTaBJIHeT

3a.l\yMaTbCH o era 3aKoHax. Pe'lh, KOHe'IHO, He H,l\eT o6

H3y'leHHH BJIHHHHH '-IBeTa Ha 'leJIOBeKa HJIH ITpOHHK

HOBeHHH B CYTb MeXaHH3MOB OITTHKH - a 0 ITepBbiX

ITOITbiTKaX ITOHHTb, KaKOe MeCTO OH 3aHHMaeT B CHCTe

Me MHp03,l(aHHH, 0 TOM, KaK 3TOT H3b!K, pO,l\HBIIIHMCH

el'-le ,l\0 BCeX CJIOBeCHbiX H3b!KOB, CBH3biBaeT 'leJIOBeKa

H OKpy)!{a!Oll.IHM MHp.

I(BeTOBOM CHrHaJI JiaKOHH'IHee CJIOB, HO HeCeT

B ce6e 6e3,l\HY HH<l>OpMa'-IHH - ,l(aJieKO He BCer,l(a OC03-

HaBaeMOM BOCIIpHHHMa!Ol'-IHM, HO Ba)!{HOM ,1\JIH Hero.

lDOTOXY.l\O)!{HHKH H KHHeMaTorpa<l>HCTbl, cerO,l(HH

o6pall.la!Oll.IHeCH K H3hiKY '1epHo-6eJihiX H306pa)!{e

HHM, CTpeMHTCH COCpe,l\OTO'IHTb BHHMaHHe 3pHTeJIH

Ha rJiaBHOM, Ha KOHTpacTaX, orpa,l\HTb era OT H36bi

TO'IHOrO <<HH<l>opMa'-IHOHHoro IIIYMa>>, co3,l(aBaeMoro

'-IBeTOM. 0,1\HaKO ITO,l(06HaH KOJIOpHCTH'IeCKaH acKe3a

OCTaeTCH H3biCKaHHbiM 6JIIO,l\OM ,1\JIH TOHKHX '-leHHTe

Jieif - 60JibiiiHHCTBO )!{eJiaeT KpaCO'IHOrO MeHIO.

Ellie B ITepBoif ITOJIOBHHe XX cToJieTHH, KOr,l(a '-IBeT

HaH <l>oTOrpa<l>HH 6biJia pe,l(KOM,l(HKOBHHKOM, ITpe,l\ITpH

HM'IHBhie pa60THHKH <l>oTOaTeJihe ITpe,l\JiaraJIH CBOeif

KJIHeHType ycJiyry py'IHOM pacKpacKH <PoTOCHHMKOB.

PaCKpaiiiHBaJIH ITO ITaMHTH H KpaTKHM 3aiTHCHM, '-IBeTa

ITOpoif Bb!XO,l(HJIH ,1\0BOJibHO CJiyqaifHbie H COBepiiieHHO

He )!{HBbie - O,l(HaKO MHOrHe C'IHTaJIH TaKHe CHHMKH

6oJiee <<ITpaB,l(HBbiMH>>, 'leM ,1\0KyMeHTaJihHble MOHO

XpOMHhie. A TeJie3pHTeJIH, HecKOJihKO JieT TOMY Ha3a,l\

ITepeCMOTpeBIIIHe 3HaKOBbie COBeTCKHe KHHOIIIe,l(eBpbl,

KOTOpbie peCTaBpaTOpbl HOBeifiiiero BpeMeHH <<BOrHa

JIH B KpacKy», - He HaXO,l(HJIH JIH OHH HX 6oJiee <<3a

XBaThiBa!Oll.IHMH>> H <1HHTepecHhiMH>>? KHHOKJiacCHKH,

CHHMaBIIIHe CBOH KapTHHbl Ha '1epHo-6eJiyiO ITJieHKy

HeCKOJibKO ,l(eCHTHJieTHM Ha3a,l(, H He ,1\yMaJIH rOBOpHTb

OnPOC DISCOVERY

KaKoe BniiiSIHIIIe

OK33biB310T H3 H3Wy

lKIII3Hb OKpy>KaiO

Il.lllle Hac 1.4BeTa?

• User sn~~er Ha Haw~ 3MOL1~~ ~ lK~3HeHHbl~

roHyc: OAH~ LjSera 6oAp~r. Apyr~e- no· sepraror s yHbiH~e.

• User cepbe3HO s03Ae~· CTByer Ha <jl~3~4eCKOe ~ nC~X~4eCKOe 3AOPOSbe 4enoseKa.

• User- scero n~wb s~A~MOCrb, OH H~ Ha 4rO He sn~~er.

User nepeAaer 4enoseKy KOCM~4eCKYIO 3Hepr~ro. HanonH~~

ero onpeAeneHHbiM~ s~6pa11~~M~.

On poe npoBO!J.MflCR Ha caCire !KypHafla www. discovery- russia. ru c23anpe11Rno 18MaR 2012ro!J.a.

47

CO 3pHTeJieM .fl3h!KOM QBeTa; BCe, 'ITO OHM XOTeJIH Bhlpa-

3HTh, 6hiJIO sorrno~I.~eHo APYrHMH cpeACTBaMH. KpHTH

KH BCTpeTHJIH peCTaspaQHIO C He,[IOyMeHHeM - 0,[\HaKO

3pHTeJIJO, KalKeTc.H, yAanoch OThiCKaTh s rro.HBJieHHH

QBeTa KaKHe-TO HOBbie CMhiCJihl.

<<Jlyqrne OAHH pa3 ysH,[IeTh, 'IeM CTO pa3 ycJihi

rnaTh1> - rnamT pacxolKa.H HapOAHa.H MYAPOCTh, 6e3

06HH.HKOB rrpeB03HOC.HII.Ia.H BH3yaJihHhie BOIIJIOII.IeHH.fl

(H, pa3yMeeTc.H, QBeT) HaA JIHTepaTypoif. Eonhrne ysH

AeTh - 3Ha'IHT 6onhrne y3HaTh. HecrrpocTa, IIhiTa.HCh

IIpOHHKHYTh B lKH3Hh OT,[IaJieHHhiX 3IIOX, Mhl OT,[IaeM

rrpe,[IIIO'ITeHHe, IIO KpaifHeif Mepe B rrepBOM IIpH6JIH

lKeHHH, TeM peJIHKTaM IIpOIIIJIOfO, KOTOphie ,[IOCTYIIHhl

HMeHHO HaiiieMy 3peHHJO: MaTepHaJihHhiM IIaM.HTHH

KaM H H306palKeHH.HM. [(BeT B03,[1eHCTByeT 3MOQHO

HaJihHO, CIIOC06CTByeT BOCIIpH.HTHIO H 3aiiOMHHaHHIO;

KpacKH rrpornnoro crroco6Hhi H YAHBHTh, H ocTaBHTh

BOIIpOChl - a eii.Ie XOT.fl 6hi B CaMhiX 06I.l.IHX qepTaX

II03HaKOMHTh ,[lalKe HeiiO,[IfOTOBJieHHOfO 3pHTeJI.H COT

HOIIIeHHeM K QBeTy, ero BOCIIpH.HTHeM B TO HJIH HHOe

speM.H. A qepe3 3TO - H co sceif 3rroxoif.

B 6onhiiiHHCTBe cnyqaes «QBeT speMeHH1> .[leifcTBH

TeJihHO HeCeT ,[IOIIOJIHHTeJihHYIO HHcpOpMaQH!O- 0,[1-

HaKO rropoif OH MOlKeT 06MaHyTh, paCCTaBHTh Ha ,[10-

pore nJ0603HaTeJihHOro qenoseqecTBa XHTpoyMHhie

CHJIKH, B KOTOpb!X QHBHJIH3aQH.fl MOlKeT 6HThC.fl He

CKOJihKO CJie,[lyiOII.IHX BeKOB. IloKa CaMa He Haif,[leT

QBeTHhie AOKa3aTeJihCTBa csoeif HerrpasoThi. B OAHY H3

TaKHX nosyrneK qenoseqecTBO yro,[IHJIO s 3rroxy Bo3-

polKAeHH.H, IIOCMOTpeB Ha 6eJIOMpaMOpHhie CTaTyH,

yHaCJie,[IOBaHHbie OT aHTH'IHOCTH, H C,[leJiaB CKOporra

JIHTeJihHhie Bh!BO,[Ihl 0 6e,[IHOH KOJIOpHCTHKe ,[(pes He if

fpeQHH H PHMa. 0,[1HaKO CIIYCT.fl HeCKOJihKO CTOJieTHH

6naro.[lap.H salKHhiM apxeonomqecKHM HaXOAKaM Ha

yKa cMorna y6eAHThC.H: aHTH'IHhie TBOPllhi o6HJihHO

H c YAOBOJihCTBHeM pacKparnHBaJIH csoH MpaMopHhie

TBOpeHH.fl B TeXHHKe BOCKOBOH lKHBOIIHCH, Ha,[leJI.H.fl HX

QBeTOBOH lKH3Hh!O. 11 TeXHHKa 3Ta BOBCe He yMepna

C KOHQOM aHTH'IHOH 3IIOXH, a 6biJia qepe3 3JIJIHHH3M

yHaCJie,[IOBaHa IIJIOCKOCTHhiM HCKYCCTBOM H HaiiiJia

CBOe IIpHMeHeHHe B 3HaMeHHThiX cpa!OMCKHX IIOpTpe

TaX H XpHCTHaHCKOH HKOHOIIHCH. 11 BCe lKe rrpe,[ICTaB

JieHHa.H HaM B MHOfO'IHCJieHHhiX IIO,[IJIHHHhiX MpaMOp

HhiX o6pa3Qax H ellle 6onee MHOrO'IHCJieHHhiX cnerrKax

KHIIeHH0-6eJia.H aHTH'IHOCTh IIpO'IHO OTIIe'IaTaJiaCh

B HaiiiHX rrpe,[ICTaBJieHH.HX, HafJI.fi,[IHO ,[leMOHCTpHpy.H

CHJIY QBeTOBOfO CHrHaJia.

Mhi, rroceTHTeJIH My3ees, TYPHCThi, IIOAHHMaJO

II.IHec.H Ha a<j.JHHCKHH AKpOIIOJih, IIOIIa,[laeMC.fl B JIO

BYIIIKY He TOJihKO HCTOpH'IeCKHX o6cTO.HTeJihCTB, HO

H HHTeJIJieKTyaJihHhiX IIOCTpOeHHH, BOCXO,[I.HII.IHX eii.Ie

K aHTH'IHOCTH, 06 OT,[IeJieHHOCTH QBeTa OT rrpe,[(MeTa

H QBeTa OT IIOBepXHOCTH. 3aiiOJIHeHHhie 6eJihiMH CTa

TY.HMH My3eifHhie 3aJihi cTaHOB.HTC.H AJI.H Hac AOKa3a-

TeJJbCTBOM Ky,lla 6oJJee BeCKYIM, qeM <l>parMeHTapHO

ITepeBe,lleHHbiH TpaKTaT JJM6o caMoro ApMcToTeJJ51,

JJM6o Koro-To M3 ero yqeHMKOB o QBeTe. A Be,llh MMeH

HO TaM BITepBbie ITOCTaBJJeH BOITpOC 0 TOM, qTO QBeT

He cyll.leCTByeT caM ITO ce6e, a peaJJM3yeTc51 ITocpe,li

CTBOM B3aMMO,lleHCTBYI51 CO CBeTOM M ITOBepXHOCTbiO,

qTo QBeT - 3TO ITpOXO)K,lleHMe CBeTOBOfO JJyqa

qepe3 HeiTp03paqHyiO cpe,lly.I1MeHHO B 3TOH

TOqKe CTOJJKHOBeHM51 peaJJbHOfO ITpe,!IMeTa,

ITpOY13BO,ll5lll.lefO QBeTOBOe BITeqaTJJeHMe,

M HeoqeBM,!IHbiX OITTlfqeCKYIX ITpOQeCCOB

M 06Hapy:)I<MBaeTC51 O,!IHa Yl3 fJJaBHbiX

TeM, JJeHTMOTYIB BCeif YICTOpY1Y1 OTHO-

weHM51 K QBeTy. IlpMqeM M ,!10 3ITOXYI

IT051BJJeHM51 OITTYIKYI KaK <l>M3lfqeCKOH

,!IYICQYIITJJYIHbl, M ITOCJJe Hee - ITOTOMY qTo

ITOHYIMaHMe He51BHbiX OITTlfqeCKYIX 3aKO

HOB He paBHO YIX OC03HaHYIIO M BKJJJOqeHMIO

B KapTMHY MMpa. 0,!1HaKO CTOYIT 3a,llyMaTbC51

0 TOM, qTO TaKOe QBeT, - M CTOJJKHYTbC51 C QeJJbiM

BOpOXOM B3aMMOCB513aHHbiX ITp06JJeM. J1I06b!e ITO

ITbiTKYI cTpyKTypMposaTh 3TOT <l>MJJoco<PcKMif 6ec

ITOp51,!10K ITpYIBO,li51T K TOMy, qTO BCe CTaHOBYITC51 e11.1e

6oJJee 3aiTyTaHHbiM.


6EnA>llnltiHA, OXPA

GAMblE nEPBbiE

KPACIIITEnltl YEnOBE·

YECTBY nOAAPillnA

nOYBA

CfOPEBIIIHE B OXPE IlbiTa51Cb paccy)l{,llaTb 0 TOM, KaK BOCITpYIHYIMaJJ M Ka

KMM 3HaqeHMeM Ha,lleJJ51JJ QBeTa ITepB06hiTHbiH qeJJO

BeK, Mbl HeM36e)I{H0 BCTYITYIM Ha TpOITY ,!IOMbiCJJOB.

OHM, Te ,llaBHMe HaCeJJbHYIKYI MMpa, KpOMaHbOHQbl

M ,lleHMCOBQbi, ocTaBMJJM HaM ,!IOBOJJbHO cKy,!IHOe Ha

CJJe,!ICTBO. 0 TOM, KaKMe Mb!CJJYI pOYIJJYICb B YIX ro

JJOBaX, Mbl MO)I{eM pacCy)l{,llaTb JJYiillb HaMaTe-

pMaJJe HeMHOfOqlfCJJeHHbiX, ITO cpaBHeHMIO

C 6oJJee IT03,!1HYIMYI 3ITOXaMM, apxeOJJOrM

qecKMX Haxo,!IOK. Mbi ,!IOra,llbiBaeMc51, qTo

,llpeBHYie JJIO,!IYI 6hiJJYI qy)l{,llbl a6cTpaKQYIH,

a ITOTOMY QBeT ,!IJJ51 HYIX ITepBOHaqaJJbHO

6biJJ HeOT,lleJJMM OT ITpe,!IMeTOB YIJJYI 51B

JJeHMH. He 6biJJO HMKaKoro a6cTpaKT

Horo roJJy6oro - 6biJJO He6o, MeHHBwee

OTTeHKYI B YI3BeCTHbiX ITpe,lleJJaX. He 6hiJJO

ceporo - HO 6hiJJM KaMHYI. He 6hiJJO ~Kpac

Horo B00611.1e~ - HO 6biJJYI BITOJJHe KOHKpeTHbiH

orOHb M oxpa, Haif,lleHHa51 B o6ropesweii: rJJMHe.

0,!1HaKO, cpaBHMBa51QBeTa BOKpyr ce651, qeJJOBeK Ha

yqlfJJC51 COITOCTaBJJ51Tb ITpe,!IMeTbl, BYI,ll51 3a QBeTOBbiM

Mx cyii.IHOCTHoe, <l>YHKI.IMOHaJJhHoe po,!ICTBO. 11MeH

HO TaK KpaCHa51 oxpa, ITOpO)I{,lleHHa51 ITepso6biTHbiM

oqarOM, C):leJiaJiaCh B HeKOTOpOH CTeiTeHH CHHOHHMOM

CaMOfO KOCTpa. 0Ha, KOHeqHO, He rpena ll He ITOMOra

Jia fOTOBHTb rrnmy - HO BITOJIHe 3aMeH51Jla

pnTyanhHhiH KOCTep. Cnet~hi TaKoro o6o6-

meHHH 06Hapy)!(HJIHCb B rrorpe6eHHHX

HOCHTeJieH HMHOH ll KaTaKOM6HOH apxeo

JIOfYiqeCKHX KYJihTyp, KOTOphie 3achmanH

CBOJiiX ITOKOHHJiiKOB OXpOH.

PoccHHCKHH apxeonor BaCHJIHH fopot~

I.IOB CBH3biBaJI Me)!(t~Y co6oH: HaJIJilqJile B rro

rpe6eHHHX KpaCHoH: oxphi n yrneH:, BHt~en B 3achmaHHH oxpoH: CHMBOJIJilqecKoe co

)!()!(eHHe. ,Upyme JiiCCJie):IOBaTeJIJil ITOCTaBH

Jill 3TOT Bb!BO):I ITO ):I COMHeHHe, O):IHaKO He

orrpoBeprnH QBeToBoro 3HaqeHHH oxphi,

YITO):I06HB ee KpOBJil - OITHTb )!(e Ha OCHOBe

QBeTOBbiX COOTBeTCTBJiiH. CJIOBOM, O):IH0-

3HaqHOH JiiHTeprrpeTaQHJil 3TOH t~peBHeH

rrpaKTHKJil B HayKe ITOKa He cymecTByeT, HO

TO, qTO QBeTOBhie KaqeCTBa OXpbl 6hiJIJil OC-

MbiCJieHbl t~peBHJiiMJil, rroqTJil He Bbl3biBaeT COMHeHJiiH.

3Ta rrorpe6aJibHaH oxpa CBOJiiMJil HpKHMJil ITHTHaMJil Ha

ropH30HTe ):IOJiiCTOpJilqecKHX 3aXOpOHeHJiiH Be):leT HaC,

CJIOBHO CBOeo6pa3HaH pa3MeTKa, K t~pyroif rrpo6JieMe

B JiiCTOpHH OTHOIIIeHHH K QBeTy- K CBH3Jil QBeTa Jil ITJilf

MeHTa, TO eCTb TOfO BemeCTBa, rrpH ITOMOmH KOTOpOrO

MO)!(HO Jii3MeHHTb OKpacKy rrpe):IMeTOB.

CnoBa «oxpa>> H «Jia3ypM t~o cHx rrop HCITOJih3y

IOTCH B KaqecTBe Ha3BaHJiiH QBeTOB- XOTH Ji13HaqaJib-

HA CDPECKAX, nOBE·

CTBYIOL11V1X 0 nOL.(E

nYE VIY)J,bl , nPE)J,ATE

n>1 nErKO On03HATb

no >KEnTOMY nnAL!1Y

B xpucmuaHCKOM Mupe npuHUMG10UJUe KpeUJeHue

o6afl6!lfl10mcfl «o6JZetteHHblMU» 60 Xpucma. CaM

Cnacumenb cmaHo6umcR 6 HeKomopoM CMblC!le o6-

JZatteHueM. B C6010 ottepedb, 6ozocJZy:JICe6Hbze odeR

HUfl C6RUJeHHUK06 - 6ollbtue, tteM npocmo ode:JICda.

]HG'-lUMOU OKG3bl6aemcfl U UX lj6em06Gfl CUM60JlUKG.

MyYeH~KOB, ynOA06n~IOil.\~XC~

Xp~cry B cso~x crpaAaH~~x. YlKe B IV croner~~ AMspoc~~ MeA~OnaHCK~~ yKa3biBan, YrO KpaCHbl~ 1..\Ber Orn~Yaer MyYeH~KOB, a 6enbl~ (o6o3HaYaiOll1~~ Y~CTOry, a raKlKe nOAn~HHbl~ 60lKeCrBeHHbl~ CBer)- AeB.

Ho yKa3hiBaJIH HMeHHO Ha KpacHmHe BemecTBa, rrnr

MeHThi. B 3TOM CMbiCJie QBeT OITHTb OKa3biBaeTCH He

OT):IeJieH OT CBOero rrpOHBJieHJiiH B MaTepH

aJibHOM MHpe- H He 3pH t~peBHerpeqecKHe

MbiCJIJiiTeJIJil cqJiiTaJIJil QBeTa ITJilfMeHTOB

rrpOCTbiMJil, a Te, KOTOpbie HeJih3H ITOJiy

qJiiTb Ji13 rrpHp0,'1HbiX BemeCTB, - CJIO)!(

HbiMJil. XOTH Ha B3fJIH):I COBpeMeHHOfO

qeJIOBeKa BCe MO)!(eT OKa3aThCH COBCeM

Hao6opoT. BemecTBO, Hecymee B ce6e

QBeT, MO)!(eT Ji13MeHHTb He TOJibKO rrpe):I

MeTbl, HO ):ja)!(e Jil JIIO):IeH, ITOMeHHB JiiX QBe

TOBhie xapaKTepHCTJiiKJil Jil BMeCTe C HJiiMJil

n t~pyme CBOHCTBa. TaK, HarrpnMep, y t~o

HCTOpHqecKHX HapO):IOB Ji13BeCTeH o6pH,'1

HaMa3biBaHJiiH ITOBapa, fOTOBHmero ):IJIH

BO)!(}:IH, 6eJIOH fJIJiiHOH - 3TO 03HaqaeT

oqHmeHne. 3t~ecb 6enhiH QBeT o6pen TO

CJiiMBOJIJilqecKOe 3HaqeHHe, KOTOpoe OH

rrpOHeC CKB03b 3ITOXJil Jil QJiiBJiiJIH3aQHJil,

TO )!(e, qTO OH HeCeT Jil Ha 6eJibiX ITJiaTbHX COBpeMeH

HbiX HeBeCT. Y )!(e B CaMbie t~peBHJile BpeMeHa qeJIOBeK

rrpoqHo CBH3aJI QBeT Jil 3MOQJi110, ITOHJiiMaeMyiO KaK ero

):leHCTBJile Ha JIIO):IeH Jil OKpy)!(aiOmyiO HX ):leHCTBHTeJih

HOCTh. CBH3h 6eJIOf0 Jil qJiiCTOTbl Ka)!(eTCH HaM oqeBH):I

HOH- Ot~HaKo t~peBHeMy qenoBeKy rrpet~CTOHJIO Haif

TH COOTBeTCTBJile a6CTpaKTHOH KaTeropHH qJiiCTOTbl

tiYIIIH Jil KaKOfO-TO Jil3 HBJieHJiiH rrpHpO):Ibl, ee BOITJIO

TJiiBIIIero. Eb!Tb MO)!(eT, I1p03paqHOCTb BO):Ibl HaBeJia

Useroso~~3~Ko6naYeH~~

HaYan 3apOlKAarbc~ Ha 3ape xp~Cr~aHCrBa, rOrAa, KOrAa p~MCK~e BO~Hbl o6naY~n~

Xp~cra B 6arp~HYIO p~3y, BbiCMe~saiOLJWIO 1..\apcKOe AOCTO~HCrBO,- a 3areM pa3Aen~n~ OAelKAbl Cnac~ren~ no lKpe6~10. C ar~x nop 4apcKa~ p~3a np~o6pena HOBbl~ CMbiCn, a KpacHbl~ 1..\Ber OAe~H~~ Gran 3HaKOM

3anaAHa~ c~creMa 6orocnylKe6HbiX 1..\BeroB cnolK~nacb OKOnO IX BeKa- OAHO ~3 CB~-

AerenbCrB 0 He~ MOlKHO Ha~r~ CrBa KniOH~. <!>OpManbHO OHa 6bma 3aKpenneHa nano~ ~HHOKeHr~eM Ill B rpanare «0 cs~roM


B cpeAHeBeKOBOM MOHaWeCKOM ycrase ~3 ¢paHL\Y3CKoro a66ar-

ero Ha 3TY Mh!CJ!h - a MO)I(eT, 6eJIYI3Ha MaTepYIHCKOfO

MOJIOKa, rrpe.z:~Ha3HaqeHHOfO CaMbiM MaJieHbKYIM qne

HaM COI..IYIYMa.

Ee;lblii - l{8em-3azaoKa, l{8em u ooHo8peMeHHO ezo omcymcm8ue - cmafl ooHUM U3 caMblX caKpallbHblX 8 naflumpe tteflo8ettecm8a. Y MHozux IOJICHblX Hapooo8, om Cpeou3eMHOMOpbfl 00 HHOUU, Oli npe8pamUJlCfl 8 CUM80Jl mpaypa; eo8aJlU He 80 8CeXf/3bltteCKUX KYllbmypax Haiioemcfl 6eJloe 6oJICecm8o, 8pooe MOHZOJlbcKozo Eeflozo cmapl{a, om8ettaJOU(ezo 3a ooJlzoflemue u nflooopooue; a ce8epHble Hapoobl pa3JluttaJOm oo HeCKOJlbKUX oecflmK08 6eJlblX ommeHK08, y KaJIC0020 U3 KOmOpblX HenpeMeHHO OmblU(emCfl U C80e CUM80-JlUtteCKOe 3HatteHue.

)I(EJIThiH CMEX BrrpoqeM, CBH3YI Me)l(,[(y l.IBeTaMI1, C 0,[\HOH CTOpO

Hhl, 11 KOHKpeTHhiM11 3M01..111HM1111 rrepe)I(I1BaHI1HMI1,

C .z:~pyroli, MOryT o6pa30BbiBaTbCH 11 COBCeM 11Hh!MI1

rryTHMI1. Ilopoli 11ccne.z:~osaTeJIHM rrpownoro y.z:~a

eTcH pa3fJIH,[(eTb B TOJII'-Ie BpeMeHI1 CBH3h TOfO 11]!11

11HOfO OTTeHKa C orrpe,[(eJieHHhiMI1 6hiTOBhiMI1 rrpaK

T11KaMI1 - HO scer.z:~a TPYAHO yCTaHOBI1Th, l.IBeT n11

rropo.z:~11n rrpaKTI1KY 11n11 OHa caMa ssena B o611xo.z:~ orrpe.z:~eneHHhiH liBeT. BoT, Harrp11Mep, 113BeCTHhiH

y ,[(011CTOp11qecKI1X IIJieMeH 11 ,[(06paBllii1llCH ,[(a)l(e ,[(0

cpe.z:~HeBeKosoli Esporrhi crroco6 spaqesaTh )l(eJITyxy

Tai-1HCTBe amap51>> B Ha'lane B npasocnaBHO~ TpaAI-1l.ll-11-1

XIII seKa- I-1MeHHO OH npeAn1-1ca11 OCHOBH~eTeHAeHL(I-11-10Ka3a111-1Cb

cnyJKI-1Tb B KpacHOM B AHI-1 CTpa- CXOAHbiMI-1, a CB513b r011y6oro

cTe~ rocnoAHI-1X 1-1 My'leHI-1KOB, L(BeTa o6na'leHI-1~ c 6oropOAI-1'l-

B 6eJlOM- B npa3AHI-1'1Hble AHI-1, HbiMI-1 npa3AHI-1KaMI-1 C6Jli-131-1Jla

B 'lepHOM - B AHI-1 nOCTOB 1-1 3a- ee c nep1-1<j>ep1-1e~ KaT0111-1'leCKO-

ynOKO~HbiX MeCC, a <j>1-1011eTOBbl~ ro Ml-1pa, OAHaKO, Hanpi-1Mep,

L(BeTCB513~Ba11C51CnOKa51HI-1eM. YepHbl~ L(BeT sowen B 6orocny-

B nocneAyiOll(ee speM51 :na c1-1- JKe6Hbl~ 061-1XOA B POCCI-11-1 TOJlbKO

CTeMa pa3BI-1BaJlaCb, CTaHOB51Cb B XVIII CTOJleTI-11-1- B paMKax

see 6onee noAp06Ho~, B XX seKe 3aynOKO~HbiX 1-1 BeJ11-1KOnOCTHbiX

B He~ n051BI-1111-1Cb AOn011HI-1Te11b- cnyJK6, rAe AO :nora o6na'leHI-151

Hble L(BeTa, rony6o~ 1-1 po30Bbl~: 6bl111-1 6e11biMI-1, CI-1MB0111-131-1PY51

rony6o~ - A1151 6oropOAI-1'lHbiX pl-13bl, yroTOBaHHble npaBeA-

npa3AHI-1KOB B enapX1-151X Jla- HI-1KaM. npelKAe 'lepHbl~ 6b1Jl

TI-1HCKO~ AMepi-1KI-11-1 HeKOTOpbiX OCHOBHbiM L(BeTOM MOHaWeCKI-1X

APYrl-1x, a po30Bbl~- A1151 oco6biX OAe51HI-1~- XOT51 npaBOCilaB-

AHe~ B Beni-1KI-1~ nocT 1-1 AABeHT Ha51TpaAI-1l.ll-1513anpeAenaMI-1

(speM51 npl-1rOTOBileHI-151 K PolK- PyccKo~ L.(epKBI-1 3HaeT 1-1 APYrl-1e

AeCTBy). L(BeTa I-1HO'leCKI-1X 06Jla'leHI-1~.

CosceM pa3HbiMI-1 OKa3aJ11-1Cb

1-1 nyTI-1 3eneHoro L(BeTa. B KaTO-

Jll-1'leCKO~ L(epKBI-11-13Ha'la11bHO

3e11eHbl~ 6bl11 6orocnyJKe6HbiM

L(BeTOM B o6bl'lHble AHI-1. A B Tpa-

A1-1l.II-151X pyccKoro 6orocnyJKeHI-151

3e11eHbl~ CB513aH C npa3AHI-1KaMI-1

n51TI-1AeC51THI-1L(bll-1 BXOAa rocnOA-

H51 B ~epyca111-1M, a TaKJKe c naM51-

TbiO npenOA06HbiX 1-1 IOPOAI-1BbiX.

3eJleHbl~ TpaKTyeTC51 KaK L(BeT

lKI-1BOTBOpeHI-1511-1 Be'lHO~ lKI-13HI-1,

B 3TOT L(BeT OKpaweHa naCTblp-

cKa51 MaHTI-151 naTpl-1apxa, rnaBbl

L.(epKBI-1. Ho MOJKHO ycMoTpeTb

3AeCb 1-1 CIOJKeTHbl~, 1-1 CeJlbCKOXO-

351~CTBeHHbl~ <j>aKTOp : BCeM 1-13-

secTeH o6bl'la~ yKpawaTb xpaMbl

3e11eHbiO 1-1 6epe30BbiMI-1 BeTB51MI-1

Ha Tp01-1l.IY, Aa 1-1 pacTI-1TeJlbHbl~

«BEJlltiKOJlEnHblill

YACOCJlOB» - CA

MA$1 POCKOWHA$1

PYKOm1Cb XV CTOJ1E

TV15l. EE 3AKA3YV1K ,

6EPPV1ii1CKV1ii11EPL\01

)I(AH , HE nQ)I(AJlEJl

,[\EHEI HA V1Jlfl10-

MV1HAL\V110 KHV11V1,

V1 EE JlVICTbl CV15l10T

30JlOTOM V1 JlA3YPb10

«KOMnoHeHT>> npa3AHI-1Ka BxoAa

rocnOAH51 B ~epyca111-1M, Bapbl-1-

py1011(1-1~C51, B 3aBI-1CI-1MOCTI-1 OT

KJ11-1MaTa, OT Bep6bl AO nailbMbl,

TOJKe HeJlb351 ynycKaTb 1-13 BI-1AY·

lJ,BeTOBO~ CI-1MBOJ11-13M 06-

Ila'leHI-1~ CTaHOBI-1TC51 OC06eHHO

51BHbiM Ha 6orocnyJKeHI-11-1 Be111-1-

KO~ cy660Tbl, KOrAa AYXOBeHCTBO

6yKBaJlbHO Ha rna3ax sepy1011(1-1X

nepeoAesaeTC511-13 yepHbiX pl-13

B 6e11ble , nocT yJKe 3aKOH'leH,

1-1 CKOp6b OTJlOJKeHa, HO BpeM51

A1151 TOplKeCTBeHHOrO KpaCHOrO,

B03Bell(al0ll(ero o Xp1-1CTOBOM

BocKpeceHI-11-1, ell(e He np1-1w11o.

6eJlble 0611a'leHI-151 CI-1MBOJ11-131-1py-

lOT 'lYAeCHbl~ CBeT, BOCCI-151BWI-1~

1-13 rpo6HI-1l.lbl Xpl-1cTa B MOMeHT

BocKpeceHI-151.

53

V1TAilb5lHCKV1Vl XY

AO>KHVIK PM>A3nnO

50TIV14V1HV1 05nA4V1n

CBOIO • MAAOHHY»

B TPAAVIL\VI OH HbiVl

50rDPOAV14HbiVl CV1-

HV1Vl - V1 B KPACHbiVl ,

HAMEKAIOW,VIIil HA 5Y

A YW,V1E CTPAAAHV15l

MnAAEHL\A

I1pH ITOMOI.QH )l(eJIThiX rrpe):jMeTOB - 'IT06hi 6oJie3Hb,

HMeiOI.QaH HBHbie I.(BeTOBbie CHMITTOMbl, ITOKHHyJia

Teno H rrepenma Ha rrpe;:IMeTbi «csoero>> I.(BeTaoi1MeH

HO B 3TOM apxaH'IeCKOM o6bi'Iae, yHaCJie):IOBaHHOM

esporrei1cKHM Cpe,liHeseKOBbeM, KpoeTCH HCTOpHH

wcrroJih3yeMoro H cero):IHH «)KenToro ,ll;)l(eKa >> -

MopcKoro <Pnara, rro,liHHMaeMoro Ha,ll Kopa6neM, Ha

XO.liRI.QHMCH Ha KapaHTHHe (H3Ha'IaJihHO 3TOT CHrHaJI

rrpHMeHHJIH B CJiy'IaHX )l(eJITOH JIHXOpa,liKH) o

Boo6me )l(eJITOMY I.(BeTy 6bma yroToBaHa HecqacT

JIHBaH cy):lh6a B esporrei1cKoi1 KYJihType - B OTJIH

'IHe oT, ,11orrycTHM, cpe,liHeBeKosoro KHTaH, r,11e 3TOT

I.(BeT 6hiJI <>

HMrrepaTopa, a rrpocThie cMepTHhie He HMeJIH rrpasa

ero HOCHTho B cpe,liHeBeKOBOH Esporre )l(eJIThiH 6biJI

CHMBOJIOM rpexa H rrpecTyrrneHHHo PenHrH03Hhie

)l(lfBOITHCI.(hi H3o6pa)l(aJIH B )l(eJITOM rrname 11 Y.liY

11CKapHOTa - a HHKBH3HTOpbl B 11crraHHH o6Jia'IaJIH

B TaKHe ITJiai.QH BCXO,liHBIIlHX Ha KOCTep epeTHKOBo

B XIII cToneTHH )l(eJIThie KpecThi, KaK 3HaK rro3opa,

rrpeCTyrrneHHH If paCKaHHHH, 6biJIH HalllHTbl Ha O,lle)l(

,llbl KapKaCCOHCKHX KaTapOB, ycoMHHBIIlHXCH B ITOJie3-

HOCTH KaTOJIH'IeCKOH l.(epKBH, - pOBHO TaK )l(e Ha

I.(HCTbl <<OTMe'IaJIH ~ espeeB )l(eJITOH 3Be3,liOH ,ll;aBH,llao

0TpHI.(aTeJibHbie KOHHOTai.(HH 3TOT I.(BeT COXpaHHJI


eme ,liOJirO: BO <l>paHI.(y3CKOM H3hiKe 6hiTOBaJIO Bbipa

)l(eHHe «)l(eJITbiH CMeX~- TO eCTb HeHCKpeHHHH, )l(eJI

Tbie I.(BeTbl ):10 He,llaBHHX I10p C'IHTaJIHCb HerrpHHTHbiM

rro,llapKoM, a B XIX H XX cToneTHHX KO sceMy 3TOMY

):I06aBHJIHCb )l(eJITbie CTeHbl ITCHXHaTpH'IeCKHX Jieqe6-

HHI.(, <<)l(eJITaH rrpecca>> If <<)l(eJITbiH 11HTepHai.(HOHaJI>> o

«IlOllOJ/CUmellbHblM J/CCllmblM'> 6 C6poneUCKOM C03HaHUU c iJa6HUX 6peMeH cttumallCJl 30llomouo liM 6btllU oKparueHbl oceHHue iJepe6bJl 6 cmuxax n03mo6, oH 6btll l16emoM 6ozamcm6a u Mozy111ecm6a - u iJaJICe He6ecHozo c6emao XomJl cuM60llUttecKuu «30llomou» ttacmo u3o6paJICaJlcJl npu noM0111U J/Cellmou KpacKu: no360-J!Umb ce6e HacmOJlll1ee 30Jlomo, HanpuMep, 6 pyKonucu MOZJ!U He MHOZUC 3aKa3ttUKUo

HEBECHAH JIA3YPh CBH3H Me)l(.liY HBJieHHHMH H I.(BeTaMH JIIO.liH Hay'IHJIHCh

KOHCTpywpoBaTh eme B ,llpeBHeHIIlHe BpeMeHao C Te'Ie

HHeM BpeMeHH HBJieHHH CTaHOBHJIOCb BCe 60Jibllle, C0-

3HaHHe pa3JIH'IaJIO Bee 60Jiblllee KOJIH'IeeTBO OTTeHKOB,

a eBH3H eTaHOBHJIHeb eJIO)I(Hee If 3aiTYTaHHeeo HOBbiH

eMhieJI, fOJIOBOKpy)I(HTeJihHYIO eTerreHh a6eTpaKI.(HH

B ,lleJie rrpHKJia,liHOrO I.(BeTOBe,lleHHH OTKpbiJia :moxa

Cpe,liHeBeKOBbH - BOBee He TeMHaH, a paei.(Be'IeHHaH

eaMbiMH HpKHMH KpaeKaMHo B epe,liHeBeKosoi1 KapTHHe

MHpa I.(BeT e):leJiaJieH HeKOTOpbiM KJIIO'IOM K yKa3aHHIO

eyi.QHOeTeH ):la)l(e He I103HaBaeMbiX ):10 KOHI.(a ey6eTaH

I.(HH - H3h!K I.(BeTa CTaJI O,liHHM H3 H3h!KOB xpHeTHaH

CKOH l.(epKBHoi13TO He MOfJIO He H3MeHHTb I.(BeTOBYIO

KapTHHY TOr,llalllHero MHpao

I(BeTOBaH eHeTeMa, OITHeaHHaH ITeeB,liO-,ll;HOHHeH

eM ApeorramTOM, O,liHH H3 3aMeTHeHIIlHX «Konopw

eTH'IeeKHX yCTasos~ Cpe,liHeBeKOBhH, B qaeTHOeTH,

y3aKOHHJia KpaeHbiH KaK I.(BeT KpeeTHbiX eTpa,llaHHH

H HCKyrrwTeJihHOH eMepTH XpweTao AsTop 6a3Hpo

saneH, KOHe'IHO, If Ha 'IHeTO <PopMaJihHOM CXO,lleTBe,

HO KpaeHbiH ):IJIH Hero - He'ITO ropa3):10 60Jiblllee,

'!eM rrpoeTo KpOBh H rrpoeTo eMepTbo OH yKa3biBaeT

Ha eyi.QHOeTb KJIIO'IeBbiX co6b!THH B eBHI.QeHHOH HeTO

pHH, OTKpbiBaH HX eMhieJI If eHMBOJIH3HpyH HX, HO He

e,liHHH'IHO, a eHCTeMaTH'IeeKH, B 06I.QeM ITOHHMaHHHo

BCJie,ll 3a KpaCHbiM HOBOe MeeTO 3aHHJI B cpe,liHe

BeKOBOH rranHTpe H CHHHH, eTaBIIlHH esoeo6pa3HhiM

3HaMeHeM enoMa apxawqeeKoH KYJihTYPhi I.(BeTao 11e

ene,lloBaTeJIH HeTOpHH KOJIOpHeTH'IeeKHX CHMBOJIOB

eXO,liHTeH BO MHeHHH, 'ITO ,llpeBHHe I.(BeTOBhie eHeTe

Mbl OCHOBbiBaiOTCH Ha COI1pH)I(eHHH Tpex rJiaBHbiX

I.(BeTOB - KpaCHoro, qepHoro H 6enoroo 0HH 6epyTCH

Ha BOopy)l(eHHe If XpHeTHaHeKOH Tpa,liHI.(HeH- If OHa,

KOHe'IHO, Ha,lleJIHeT HX HOBbiM eO,llep)l(aHHeM, HO He

OTMeHHeT eaMOH CHeTeMhl. Bee MeHHeTeH e rrpHXO,liOM

CHHero - TO'IHee, e rHraHTCKHM pOCTOM ero 3Ha'IeHHHo

CqMTaeTC51, qTo eru;e s aHTMqHOCTM 3TOT u;seT

MMeJI HeKOTOpblll <<60)I(eCTBeHHblll>> CMbiCJI, 6y

.l1YqM CB513aH C He6ecaMM - M 6oraMM - BIIOJIHe

rroH51THhiM o6pa3oM. B xpMCTMaHcKoli Kap

TMHe MMpa CMHMM CTaJI CMMBOJIOM lJ,eBhl

MapMM - M O,l1HOH M3 KpacoK ropHero

MMpa. BrrpoqeM, He o6owJIOCh M 6e3

rpy6o MaTepMaJibHb!X IIpMqMH: CMHMe

I!MfMeHTbl ,l1JIH OKpalUMBaHMH TKaHell

M Jia3ypb )I(MBOIIMCU:eB 6hiJIM oqeHb

,110pOrM - M OHM HpKO MapKMpyiOT

COU:MaJihHblll rrpeCTM)I( M 6oraTCTBO

TeX, KTO MO)I(eT II03BOJIMTb ce6e MX

MCIIOJih30BaHMe. PocKowHaH CM

Hesa <PpecoK, 3aKa3aHHhiX apMHH

CKMMM u;apHMM ,l1JIH CBOMX xpaMOB,

CMHMe O,lje)l(,ljbl esporreHCKOll 3HaTM,

HaChili(eHHO-yJibTpaMapMHOBblll <PoH

MMHMaTIOp B 3HaMeHMTb!X qacOCJIOBaX rep

u;ora EeppMlicKoro, MaJIOM M PocKOWHOM ...

ll3secTHhiH esporrelicKMH Me,l1MeBMCT M KYJihTy

poJior YM6epTO 3KO B TOM qMcJie M Ha OCHOBaHMM

3TMX pyKorrMceu ,l1eJiaeT BhiB0,/1, qTo Cpe,l1HeseKo

Bhe OTJIMqaeTC51 JII060Bb!O K JIOKaJihHb!M M 51pKMM

U:BeTaM, KOTOpbie BOCI!pMHMMaiOTCH KaK rrpe,l1MeT

Herrocpe,l1CTBeHHOfO C03epu;aHMH, 06bJqHO CBH3aH

HOfO C pa,l10CTHb!MM 3MOU:MHMM. B OTJIMqMe OTapXM

TeKTypbl, KOTOpaH BM,l1MTCH KaK CTpOHHaH CMCTeMa,

rapMOHMH, II03HasaeMoe M C03,11asaeMoe cosepweH

CTBO, OTHOlUeHMe K U:BeTy OCTaeTCH CKOpee MMCTMqe-


BI-1TPAlK, OCTPOYM

HOE OTKPbiTL-1EAPEB

HI-1X, COEAL-1HI-1BWI-1X

BMECTE 1..\BET 1-1 CBET,

AO CI-1X nOP I-1CnOnb-

3YETC>l B O<llOPMnE

HI-11-1XPAMOB

CKMM. 0H IIOHMMaeTCH KaK qTO-TO cyru;ecTByiOru;ee,

HO He IIO,l1,11aiOru;eeCH OC03HaHMIO. CorrpH)I(eHMe u;se

Ta M 3MOI.\MM IIOJiyqaeTCH B pe3yJibTaTe «KOpOTKOfO

3aMb!KaHMH ,11yxa», KOTOpoe IIOKa3biBaeT B3aMMO

,l1eMCTBMe Me)l(,l1y rrpe,l1MeTaMM M HBJieHMHMM He KaK

IIOCJie,l10BaTeJihHYIO u;errh IIpMqMHHO-CJie,l1CTBeHHb!X

CBH3ell, a KaK KOHKpeTHOe COOTBeTCTBMe, HaH,l1eH

HOe O,l1HOMOMeHTHO. B 3TOM CMhiCJie TPY.l1HO cKa3aTb,

IIpOTMBOpeqMTJIMTaKOeiiOHMMaHMeTOMy,KOTOpoe

rrpe,l1CTaBJIHeT CMCTeMa I1ces,11o-Ll,MOHMCMH, M He

HBJIHeTCH JIM ero IIOHMMaHMe U:BeTOB pe3yJibTaTOM

TaKOfO )l(e O,l1HOMOMeHTHOfO, HO BIIOJIHe HCHOfO CO

OTBeTCTBMH.

11HTeprrpeTaU:M51 KpaeyroJihHhiH KaMeHh

cpe,l1HeBeKOBOf0 II03HaHMH, TO, pa,l1M qero II03HaBa

TeJibHblll rrpou;ecc M 3aTesaeTCH. IIoMcKy CMhiCJIOB

3Ta 3IIOXa y,l1eJIHeT 6ecrrpeu;e,l1eHTHOe BHMMaHMe -

a IIOTOMY pa3fOBOp 0 pe3yJibTaTaX 3TOfO IIOMCKa

OKa3hiBaeTCH OCHOBaHHb!M Ha CJIOBaX MCTOpMqe

CKMX MCTOqHMKOB B ropa3,110 60Jihillell CTeiJeHM,

qeM paccy)l(,l1eHMe o speMeHax 6oJiee OT,l1aJieHHhiX.

0,11HaKo yMcTseHHoe ycMJIMe, rrpMHOcHru;ee CTOJihKO

Y.l10BOJihCTBMH II03HaiOru;eMy, He rrpoTMBopeqMT pa

,l10CTM Herrocpe,l1CTBeHHOfO o6ru;eHMH C U:BeTOM KaK

HBJieHMeM MMCTMqeCKMM - M TYT B C03HaHMM JIIO,l1ell

Cpe,l1HMX BeKOB U:BeT C6JIM)I(aeTCH CO CBeTOM, HBHO

6o)l(eCTBeHHOll cy6cTaHU:Mell, M3JIMBaiOru;efrcH B MMp .

Coe,ljMHMBlUMCb, OHM I!Op0,11MJIM BMTpa)l( - MC

TOqHMK OKpaweHHOfO CBeTa.

CKJia,l1hiBaswaHCH Ha rJia3ax cpe,l1He

seKOBhiX JIIO,ljell U:BeTOBaH CMCTeMa -

a B CJie,l1yiOli(Mll pa3 IIOI!b!TKY IIOMCKaTb

HOBblll CMb!CJI Ha KOJIOpMCTMqecKOM

rOpM30HTe Hawa U:MBMJIM3aU:MH

rrpe,11rrpMHHJia, rro)l(aJiyu, JIMWh

B CMMBOJIMCTCKYIO 3IIOXY - 6biJia

IIO,l1BM)I(Hb!M, )I(MBb!M opraHM3MOM.

11 3TOT opraHM3M rropou rropO)I(,l1aJI

CTpaHHbie, Ha HaW cerO,l1HHlUHMll

B3fJIH,l1, M ,lja)l(e B3aMMOMCKJIJOqaJOru;Me

peweHMH. K rrpMMepy, ,l1hHBOJia qeJiose-

qecTBO IIpMBb!KJIO M306pa)l(aTh qepHbiM.

A BOT Ha BMTpa)l(e lllapTpCKOfO co6opa

XII seKa OH rrpe,l1CTaeT 3eJieHbiM, o6JieqeHHhiM

B U:BeT COMHeHMH M OIIaCHOCTM, 6opeHMH ,1106poro

M 3JIOfO, - 3HaMeHyH co6ofr HaBMCWYIO Ha,/1 qeJIOBe

qecTBOM MCKYCMTeJihHYIO cJia,l10CTh rpexorra,11eHMH.

Ho rroq™ s TO )l(e speM51 ryro CeH-BMKTopcKMH,

O,l1MH M3 CaMbiX BM,l1Hb!X MHTeJIJieKTyaJIOB CBOell

3IIOXM, (qMTaJI 3eJieHblll JiyqruMM M3 U:BeTOB - CMM

BOJIM3MpyiOli(MM HaqaJio Hosou )I(M3HM, seceHHee

rrpo6y)l(,l1eHMe, MOJIO,l10CTb M CMJiy. 11 MMeHHO 3TO

3HaqeHMe u;seT coxpaHMJI ,110 HawMx ,l1Hei1:, rrpMo6-

peTH MHO)I(eCTBO OTTeHKOB CMbiCJia.

HOBbiE qEPHhiE 3rroxa Cpe,!IHeBeKOBhH, TaK mo6HBIIIaHHpKHe KpacKH,

6hiJia, B cy~HOCTH, orpaHHqeHa B B03MO)!(HOCTH HX

Bhi6opa. E~e He HayqHBIIIHCh CHHTe3y XHMHqeCKlfX

KpaCHTeJieH, OHa qeprraJia ITlfrMeHThl J!Hlllh TaM, Ky,11a

yKa3biBana rrpwpo,11a. 0,11HaKo If B 3TOM rroHcKe oHa

HaXO,!IHJia HeManyiO cBo6o,11y. Kor,11a Cpe,!IHHe BeKa

IfcqeprraJilf CBOH JllfMlfT Ha L\H<l>ep6JiaTe lfCTOplili, OT

HOIIIeHHe K L\BeTy lf3MeHHJIOCh - Ha ,1\0JirHe CTOJieTHH.

BCTyrrwB B 3rroxy Bo3p0)!(,11eHHH, ,!laBIIIYIO )!(H3Hh

KJiaCC1fqeCKOH )!(HBOITlfCH - lfCKyCCTBy, ,1\JIH KOTOpO

ro !.\BeT 6b!JI rrepBbiM B CITHCKe rrpHOpHTeTOB, eBpO

rreHCKaH L\lfBHJ!lf3aL\lf5!, CKOJ!h CTpaHHhiM 6hi 3TO Hlf

Ka3aJIOCh, rrepeCTaJia Ha,!leJIHTh !.\BeT KaKHM-TO lfHhiM

3HaqeHHeM, KpoMe ymnHTapHoro. 3a pe,11qai1IIIHMH


TEnEPb TYPIIICTbl,

nOCEUJ,AIOLl.\11\E

CIIIKCTIIIHCKYIO KA·

nEnnY 8 PI!\ ME, MOIYT

811\AETb 11\CTII\HHbiE

L\BETA EE POCnii\CEVI

HCKJIJOqeHHHMH. TaKOH rrapa,!IOKC, 6hiTh MO)!(eT, o6b

HCHHeTCH TeM, qTO JIIO,!IH Bo3p0)!(,11eHHH CBOHM lf,!le

aJIOM rrpOB03fJiaCHJIH aHTHqHOCTh - 3ITOXy, KaK OHH

rronaraJIH, He CJIHIIIKOM KpacoqHyiO. Ho 3TOT rrpe,11pac

cy,11oK, 3JIOITOJiyqHhiH 06MaH lfCTOplfqeCKOfO 3peHlf5!,

KOHeqHo, He e,!IHHCTBeHHaH rrpHqlfHa. PeHeccaHCHhiX

TBOpL\OB BOJIHOBaJIH HOBbie OTHOIIIeHHH C rrpOCTpaH

CTBOM, BHOBh o6peTIIIlfM TpeTbe H3MepeHHe. MaHH~aH

rny6wHa rrepcrreKmBhi, BOJIHYIO~He CKYJihiTTYPHhie

lf3rH6bi TeJI - ,1\eKopaL\HH, B KOTOpbiX pa3blfpbiBaJI

CH ,11paMaTifqeCKlfH CITeKTaKJih CBeTa H TeHH. [(BeT )!(e

B 3TOH ITOCTaHOBKe HrpaJI HCKJIJOqlfTeJibHO pOJIH 6e3

CJIOB- OH HaJIIfqecTBOBaJI J!Hlllh ITOCTOJ!hKY, ITOCKOJib

Ky B rrpHpO,!Ie BCe Ha,!leJieHO KaKHM-TO 1.\BeTOM.

3noxa Bo3poJICOeHUJl Ka3aJZacb 6JleKJwii HocumellJ!M pe!luzuo3Hoii U,6emo6oii KYllbmypbt, CJlOJICU6Uieii.cJl 6 CpeoHe6eK06be. /I.JICopOJICo Ba3apu, ma6Hbtii 6uozpaljJ PeHeccaHca, onucaJZ, KaK nana pUMcKuii lOlluii II 6 1512 zooy, Ha omKpbtmuu C6eJICepacnucaHHOU CuKcmUHCKOU Kanellllbt, HaUieJl ljJpecKu MuKeJlaHOJICeJlo «6eOHblMU»: HQ HUX 6blJlO CJlUUIKOM MQJlO 5!pKO-CUHezo U 30JlOmozo. XyOOJICHUK 603pa3UJl: HO 6e0b C6JlmbteJlJOOU, U306paJICeHHble HQ HUX, He 6blllU 6ozamblMU.

BrrpoqeM, pocrrwm CHKCTHHCKOH KarreJIJihi He 6biJIH

TaKHMlf y)!( 6ecuBeTHhiMH- BO BCHKOM CJiyqae, He Ha

CTOJ!hKO, KaK 06 3TOM fOBOpHJIH HCTOpliKH HCKYCCTBa

XIX H ,!la)!(e XX BeKa. B 3TO BpeMH CJIO)!(lfJIOCh rrpe,!I

CTaBJieHwe 0 TOM, qTO KOJIOpliCTifqecKyiO MOHOTOH

HOCTh MHKeJiaH,!I)!(eJIO-)!(HBOITHCeL\ yHaCJie,!IOBaJI OT

CKYJihiTTYPHhiX MeTO,!IOB. 0,11HaKo pecTaBpauwH1980-

1999 fO,!IOB oqlfCTlfJia CBO,!I KarreJIJihl OT MHOfOBeKOBOH

KOITOTH H IThiJIH - H OKa3aJIOCb, qTQ xy,!IO)!(HlfK HCITOJib-

30BaJI !.\BeTa rroqTH CTOJ!h )!(e HpKHe, KaK Te, K KOTOpb!M

rrpHIIIJIH )!(lfBOITHCL\hi-MaHbepHcThi Ha py6e)!(e XVIXVII BeKoB. OHH cTaJIH e,11Ba Jill He e,!IHHCTBeHHhiMH Bo

BCeH HCTOpHH HCKyCCTBa HOBOfO BpeMeHH, KTO C,!leJiaJI

KOJIOpHCTHKY OT,!IeJibHhiM acrreKTOM TBOpqeCKHX ITO

lfCKOB - qTo6bi rrocryJIHpOBaTb CJiyqHBIIIHHCH K 3TOMY

BpeMeHlf TpamqecKHH pa3JIOM Me)!(,!ly TeJieCHhiM If ,!ly

XOBHhiM, pa3pyiiieHHe rapMOHlflf, Ha ITOlfCK KOTOpOH

CTOJ!hKO ycHJilfH ITOTpaTHJilf B 3ITOXY Bo3p0)!(,11eHlf5!.

51pKO-p030Bbie O,!le)!(,!lbl Ha XOJICTe 51KOITO IlOHTOpMO

«CHHTHe C KpecTa:» fOBOpHT HMeHHO 06 3TOM.

B XVII cToJieTHH HOBhiH B3rJIH.11 Ha UBeT rrpHBHec

11caaK Hh!OTOH, B pa6oTe <<HOBaH TeOpliH CBeTa If !.\Be

Ta>> 1672 fO,!Ia pa3,11eJIHB ITOCJie,!IHlfH Ha ,1\Be COCTaB

JI5110~He - 06beKTlfBHYIO, H3IfqecKyiO, H cy6beK

TlfBHyiO, OCHOBaHHYIO Ha qyBCTBeHHOM BOCIIpHHTHH.

0,11HaKO Ha JIIO,!IeH lfCKYCCTBa 3TO, Ka)!(eTCH, He rrpOH3-

BeJIO BrreqaTJieHHH. B cJie,!lyiO~HH pa3 !.\BeT B )!(lfBOITH

Clf 3aCTaBlfJI o6paTHTh Ha ce6H BHHMaHHe HeCKOpO -

TOJihKO BO BTOpOH ITOJIOBHHe XIX CTOJieTHH, OCBOHB

e~e 0):111H .H3hiK - .H3hiK orr11caH11.H COl\11aJihHhiX rrpo-

1..\eccoB. Cpe):111 OTKphiTm1 HOBaTopoB-11Mrrpecci10HI1-

cToB 6hiJII111 COl\11aJihHhie. Ha rroJIOTHax 3Toro rrep11-

0):(a 0):111H 113 CaMhiX HpK11X KOHTpaCTOB - 3p11TeJihHOe

rrpoTI1Bopeql1e Me)J{):(y He)J{HhiMI1 OTTeHKaMI1 6enoro,

KpeMoBoro, po3oBoro - 11 qepHhiM. Me)J{L~Y o6naKa

MI1 )J{eHCK11X IIJiaTheB 11 06Ha)l(eHHhiMI1 IIJieqaMI1 11X

HOCI1TeJihHI1l\ - 11 Harnyxo 3aCTerHyThiMI1 B qepHOe

My)J{qi1HaMI1.

3TO pa3):1eJieHI1e qeJIOBeqeCTBa Ha ):(Be IIOJIOBI1Hhl,

cpa3y )J{e o6'h.HBJieHHOe <meqHhiM 11 HerrpepeKaeMhiM~, 3arreqaTJieJIOCh B qepHOM 1..\BeTe He TOJihKO B )1(11BOIII1-

CI1- HO 11 B IIOBCe):(HeBHOM MO):(e.l111CaTeJih Anh<l>pe):(

):(e M10cce Harr11can B 1850-e: <<Bo Bcex rrap11)J{CKI1x

canoHax My)J{qi1Hhi 11 )J{eH~I1Hhi pa3):1eJII1JII1Ch Ha ):(Be

rpyiiiihl, O):(HI1 B 6eJIOM, KaK HeBeCThl, ):(pyrrre B qep

HOM, KaK crrpOThl~. M10cce Ha3BaJI qepHhiM «CTparn

HhiM C11MBOJIOM~ : << LfT06hi ):(OKaTI1ThC.!I ):10 TaKOfO,

Ha):(O 6hiJIO IIOCTeiieHHO c6pOCI1Th C ce6.11 pbil\apCKI1e

):(Ocrrexl1, wneM 11 y3opqaThie KaM30Jihi, 3aBI1TYIIIKY 3a

3aBI1TYIIIKOM ... LfeJIOBeqeCKI1M pa3yM pa3pyiiii1JI BCe

11JIJII031111, a IIOTOM Ha):(eJI ITO HI1M Tpayp 11 0)1(11):1aeT

co6one3HOBaHI1M ~.

IloJLumuttecKa5l u noecedHeeHa5l KJ!flbmypa UMnepa

mopcKoii JlnoHuu, cmaeUta5l dJL5l eeponeiilfee MemarjJopoii pumyGJtu3GlfUU, ynopRdotteHHocmu, doJLza, B35lfla 4eem Ha eoopy:JICeHue eUfe e ca.MoM HattGJte ceoeii ucmopuu.

TpyAHO npeACTaB~Tb, 4T06bl

B BeK ~HQlOpMa4~0HHOrQ 06lJ.!e

CTBa ~ r1106a!l~3a4~~ KTO-TO

ClleAOBall npeAn~caH~51M, no51-

B~Bw~MC51 B VIII cro11er~~ . ~reM

He MeHee B ~noH~~ no ce~ AeHb

coxpaH51eTC51 3anper Ha ~cnO!lb-

30BaH~e B OAelKAe onpeAe!leH

HbiX 4BeTOB- Ce~4aC, npaBAa,

~X BCero Tp~, HO 06bi4HbiM

51nOH4aM ~X 3anpelJ.!eHO HOC~Tb

BOT ylKe no4T~ nomopa TbiC51-

4e!leT~51. ~3Ha4allbH03anper

KaCallC51 TOilbKO 6elKeBO-KOp~4-

HeBOrO cyMaxosoro 4Bera (3ra

KpacKa A06biBallaCb ~3 nllOAOB

CyMaxa, 51nOHCKOrO BOCKOBOrO

60 DISCOVERY I110Hh 2012

AepeBa)- BeAb ~MeHHO TaKO~

6bllla 4epeMOH~allbHa51 BepXH5151

OAelKAa 51nOHCKoro ~Mneparopa .

npaB~Tellb, KOTOpbl~ C4~TallC51

nOTOMKOM C011He4HO~ 6or~H~

~ Ha ~3o6palKeH~51 Koroporo

3anpelJ.!eHO 6blll0 CMOTpeTb

BnllOTb AO Hosoro speMeH~. pa-

3yMeeTC51, 061laAall MOHOnOil~e~

Ha 4BeT OAe51H~51, B KOTOpOM

~CnOilH511l CBOe 60lKeCTBeHHOe

npeAHa3Ha4eH~e. no3AHee,

B X-XI seKax, 3anper pacnpo

crpaH~IlC51 ell!e Ha ceMb 4Beros.

61leAH0-3elleHbl~- TOlKe 4BeT

sepxHe~ OAelKAbl ~Mneparo-

pa, npaBO HOC~Tb KOTOpbi~

B Ka4eCTBe ~CKill04eH~51 MOrll~

nOilY4~Tb lKeHbl ~ lli060BH~4bl

npaB~Tell51; 6JleAHO-KpaCHbl~

oneHOK OAelKAbl ~Mneparopa,

noK~Hyswero npecro11; lKell

ro-pbilK~~ 4BeT, OTJl~4aBW~~

KPOHnp~H4eB, ~ reMHO-<j>~

OileTOBbl~- 0603Ha4aBW~~

ap~croKpar~IO nepsoro paHra.

3anpelJ.!eHbl 6blll~ raKlKe rapAe

H~eBbl~ (B Ka4eCTBe 3aMeH~Tell51

lKemo-pbllKero), a raKlKe reMH0-

6arp51Hbl~ ~ reMHo-cannaHOBbl~

oneHK~. 3aMell!aBw~e ap~

croKpar~4ecK~~ Q>~olleTOBbl~.

npaBO HOC~Tb HeKOTOpbie ~3

3anpelJ.!eHHbiX 4BeTOB MOr Aa

BaTb ~MneparopcK~~ pecKp~nr ;

B006ll!e lKe 4BeTOBOe AelleH~e npeACTaBil511lO crpyKTypy 4acr~

51nOHCKOrO C04~YMa, ~ 3AeCb

pe4b w11a ylKe He o 3anpere,

a o npeAn~caH~~- raK, B Ha4alle

VII seKa np~H4 CeroKy sse11 c~

creMy )J,BeHaA4aT~ paHroB, rAe

KalKAOMY paHry COOTBeTCTBOBall

rollOBHO~ y6op onpeAelleHHoro

4BeTa. 3T~ 4BeTOBble rpaAa4~~ He 6blll~ ~3o6pereH~eM ~Mnepa

ropa, a npo~30W!l~ ~3 K~ra~

CKO~ HaTyp<j>~llOCOQl~~ - y4eH~51

o n51T~ nepB031leMeHrax (3eMile,

BOAe, B03Ayxe, orHe ~ MeTall

lle) . 8 XIX cro11er~~. B 3noxy

M3~A3~, KorAa n051B~Il~CbAalKe

Q>ororpaQ>~4eCK~e ~3o6palKeH~51

51nOHCKoro ~Mneparopa, 6blll

CH51T ~ 3anper Ha 4eTbipe ~3

GeM~ 4BeTOB, HO CyMaXOBbl~,

lKemo-pbllK~~ ~ rapAeH~eBbl~

OCTall~Cb no-npelKHeMy HeAOC51-

raeMbiM~. YA~B~TellbHO, HO All51

3nox~. KOrAa p~ryallbHbl~ 4BeT

np~ 51nOHCKOM ABOpe 6blll Ha~-

60ilee salKHbiM, y Hac Her B03-

MOlKHocr~ n03HaKOM~TbC51 C H~M

H~KaK~M APYr~M o6pa30M, Kpo

Me KaK Ha C06CTBeHHO 51nOHCK~X

naM51TH~KaX , AaiOlJ.!~X HaM npeA

CTaBileH~e 3TO~ CBOeo6pa3HO~

KYilbTYPbl o caMo~ ce6e. BpeM51 lKe 4Berosoro «pacKpenolJ.!eH~51>>,

3mom mpuyMcjJ ttepHozo co6naJZ no 6peMeHu c omKpblmueM aHUJlUH06blX Kpacumelleii, Komopble 6blllU HaMHozo Oeute6Jle, tteM nypnyp ope6HUX, oo6bl6aeMblU m5tJ/CeJlblM mpyooM pa6o6 u3 MOlllliOCK06-U2ll5lHOK, UJlu uHouzo, KOmopblU Cbl2paJZ He nOCJleOHIOIO pOllb 6 KOJlOHUaJlbHblX 60UHax. 5IpKue KpacumeJlu cmaJZu Jl106UMl{aMU HU306 o6U(ecm6a - 6pooe mex, ttmo onucaHbl 6 «~emcm6e» MaKCUMa fopbKOZO, oeo Komopozo 6blJl KpaCUJlbU(UKOM. EypJICya3U5l J/Ce coxpaH5tJla l{6emo6ou KOHcep6amu3M.

PaccTaThC.H c TpaypHOCThiO qepHoro qeJioBeqecTBY

y):laJIOCh JIIIllih B XX BeKe, B O):IIIH II3 caMhiX Herrpo

CThiX MOMeHTOB liCTOplili , paCIIOJIO)!(eHHhlll aKKypaT

Me)!():ly t1BYM.H MIIpOBhiMII BOHHaMII. B 1922 ro):ly feH

pii <l>Op):13a.HBIIJI: <<ABTOM06IIJih MO)!(eT 6hiTh JII060rO

liBeTa, ecJIII OH - qepHhiH>>. A crrycT.H qeThipe ro):la

KOKO lliaHeJib ClliiiJia CBOe 3HaMeHIITOe MaJieHbKOe

qepHoe rrJiaThe. l1 lllaHeJih, II <Dop):l rrpoBo3rJiaCliJIII

a6coJIIOTHYIO YHIIBepcaJihHOCTh qepHoro l.IBeTa - IIX

MaHII4>eCT fOBOpiiJI 0 TOM )!(e, 0 qeM If 3HaMeHIIThlll

<< qepHhiH KBa):lpaT>> MaJieBIIqa.

Orrpe):leJIIIBlliiiCh c liBeToM YHIIBepcaJihHOCTII,

qeJIOBeqecTBO BCKOpe IIpliH.HJIOCh liCKaTb eMy 3a-

CHSIH151 3anpeTOB, KOfAa OTKpbl

llaCb HaCTOSILI.!aSI B03MOlKHOCTb

YBI-1AeTb 3TI-1 CBSILI.!eHHble L!BeTa,

np1-1wnocb Ha anoxy ~epHo-6eno~

<j>oTorpa<j>l-11-1. Ha 3TI-1X CHI-1MKax

SlnOHCKI-1e npaBI-1Te111-1 l-13o6palKe

Hbl npei-1MYLI.!eCTBeHHO B BOeHHbiX

MYHAI-1pax, AalKe- BnepBble

B SlnOHCKO~ I-1CTOpl-11-1- CHSIBWI-1~

CSI B L!epeMOHI-1allbHOM 0611a

~eHI-11-11-1 B nonHbl~ poeT nocne

BTopo~ Ml-1poso~ I-1MnepaTop

X1-1pOXI-1TO .

Ha~aswaSICSI B anoxy M3~A31-1

«AeCaKpalll-13al!I-151»L!BeTOBCMe

CTI-1Jia aKL!eHTbl, HO He CHI-131-1/Ia

BalKHOCTI-1 L!BeTa B SlnOHCKO~

KapTI-1He Ml-1pa; Tenepb OH 1-13

cpeACTBa noni-1TI-1~ecKo~ 1-1 co

L!I-1allbHO~ penpe3eHTal!l-11-1 cTan cnoco6oM noBeAaTb o 111-1~HOM

xapaKTepe. TaK, L!BeT sonoc

nepcoHalKe~ 3asoesaswero

BeCb Ml-1p SlnOHCKOfO aHI-1Me MO

lKeT paccKa3aTb MHoroe o TOM,

KOMY np1-1HaAnelKI-1T. Hanp1-1Mep,

MeHy. B pomi <<HOBoro qepHoro» B cTaTh.HX MO):IHhiX

o603peBaTeJiei1: rro6biBaJIII II po30BhiH, II HaChii.l.leH

HO-CIIHIIli; ):IOJ!bllie BCero 3TO 3BaHIIe COXpaH.HJ!li 3a

co6oi1: OTTeHKli cepou raMMhl - B 3IIOXY l.lapiiBlliero

B liCKYCCTBe, ):1li3aHHe If MO):Ie 1990-X KOHI..IeiiTyaJib

HOfO MliHIIMaJIII3Ma OHli rrpeTeH):IOBaJIII Ha TO, qT06hi

3aMeHIITh C060H B0061.1.1e BCe liB eTa. 0):1HaKO qepHblll

BepHyJI ce6e rraJihMY rrepBeHCTBa • .ll:II3ai1:Hep .ll:OHHa

KapaH rrpoBo3rJiaciiJia: « qepHhiH l.IBeT- 3TO II):IeaJI>>.

A ToM <Dop):l 3a.HBIIJI, qTo «Bech MIIP O):leJI 6hi B qep

HOe».l1 BCe )!(e Ha CMeHyyHIIBepcaJibHOCTli 3TOfO Jia

KOHifqHoro l.IBeTa B Hallie BpeM.H IIpliXO):IliT l.IBeTOBOe

MHoroo6pa3He.

Y Ka)!():10ll COI..IlfaJihHOll liHlil.llfaTIIBhl HerrpeMeH

HO OKa3hiBaeTC.fl CBO.fl OKpacKa: 3eJieHa.H - y BCero,

qTO CB.H3aHO C 3KOJ!Oflfell, KpaCHhlll 0603HaqaeT He

TOJ!hKO KOMMYHIICTifqecKIIe li):leaJibl, HO If 6opb6y CO

Clll1.ll:oM, po30BhiH o6pa1.1.1aeT Hallie BHIIMaHIIe Ha

rrpo6JieMy paKa rpyt1II, CIIHIIH rrpoBo3rJialliaeT cBo-

6o):1y CJIOBa - If TaK ):10 6eCKOHeqHOCTli. [(BeT BHOBh

o6peTaeT 3HaqlfMOCTh- B03Bpal.l.la.H HaM pa):IOCTh He

rrocpe):ICTBeHHOfO BOCIIpli.HTli.fl MIIpa, qyTh 6b!JIO He

yTpaqeHHOfO qeJIOBeqecTBOM. C

po30Bbl~ L!BeT CBI-1AeTellbCTByeT

0 BHyTpeHHe~ Cl-1/le 1-1 OAHOBpe

MeHHO HeBI-1HHOCTI-1, 0 B03MOlK

HOCTI-11-1MnyllbCI-1BHbiX nOCTynKOB

1-1 OAHOBpeMeHHO- Ha/11-1~1-11-1

flly60KI-1X BHyTpeHHI-1X MOTI-1-

Bal..!l-1~ . CI-1HI-1~- o AOMI-1HaHTe

I-1HTe1111eKTyallbHOf0 BO BHyTpeH

HeM Ml-1pe repOSI 1-1 0 pa3BI-1TO~

BOlle 1-1111-1 peWI-1TellbHOCTI-1.

<ll1-1oneTOBble sonocbl yKa3biBa

IOT Ha CKpbiTHOfO nepCOHalKa,

OT KOTOpOrO MOlKeT I-1CXOAI-1Tb

yrp03a- HO CaM OH B He~ He

BI-1HOBaT, CKOpee CTaHOBI-1TCSI

OPYAI-1eM B pyKax CYAb6bl, a 6e

JIOBOJIOCble repOI-1 (KOfAa peYb

He 1-1AeT 0 CeAI-1He) BOnliOLI.!aiOT

KOCMI-1~eCKI-1eCI-111W,OCTaBa51Cb

HeMHOfO BHe ~eliOBe~eCKOfO

M1-1pa. TaK ~To np1-1Bbi~Hoe HaM

B SlnOHCKO~ aHio1Mal!l-11-1 pa3HOL!

BeTI-1e np1-1~eCOK- OTHIOAb He

TO/IbKO 3CTeTI-1~eCKI-1~ npl-1eM,

HO 1-1 OTHOCI-1TellbHO CTpO~HaSI

3TI-1~eCKa51 CI-1CTeMa.

61

OCTOPO>KHO, OKPAWEHO! l(BeT - H3JII06JieHHbiM QHBHJIH3aQHeM HHCTpyMeHT CaMO

Bbipa)l{eHH.H. IJpOCTO HCKYCCTBO If HCKYCCTBO IIOJIHTlfqecKO

ro rrpoTeCTa, oKpaumsaiOrn:ee rromoca o6rn:ecTBa pa3HhiMH

KpacKaMH, rraHKH C pa3HOQBeTHbiMH BOJIOCaMH If .HpKOCTb

rrpa3,ll;HHKOB - IIaJIHTpa BeChMa pa3H006pa3Ha. l(BeT CTaJI

CHHOHHMOM CB060,ll;bl - HO O,ll;HOBpeMeHHO rrpeBpaTHJIC.H

B KaKOM-TO CMbiCJie B OKOBbl Ha HOrax qeJIOBeqecTBa.

~ Caw a ABAHOBA


KpaCHhle scema rro6e:>K):IaiOT CHHHX - Ha KapTax

6hiJihiX cpa:>KeHHM, ITOJIHfOHaX apMeMCKHX yqeHHM,

B IIIKOJibHb!X TeTpa):IHX, f):le KpaCHhie fiOMeTKH yqn

TeJIH HaCTHfaiOT yqeHnqecKHe OIIIH6KH, BhiBe):leHHhie

CHHHMH qepHHJiaMH. KyJihTypHO-ITCHXOJIOfllqecKaH

MaTpHI..Ia, yTsep:>K):IaiO!llaH rrpesocxo):ICTBO KpaCHoro

Ha):l CHHHM, - He3bi6JieMaH qacTh o611..1eesporreil:CKoro

6eCC03HaTeJibHOfO.

B 2008 ro):ly HeMel.IKHM yqeHhiM Hop6epT Xarep

MaHH ll ero KOJIJierH-ITCHXOJIOfll ll3 YHHBepCHTeTa

MIOHCTepa 3KcrrepnMeHTaJihHhiM rryTeM y6e):IHJIHCh:

qeJioseqecKoe co3HaHne roToBo Ha see pa):IH rro6e):lbi

KpaCHoro. XarepMaHH Hero COTPYLIHHKH rrpe):IJIO:>KHJIH

rpyrrrre HCflhiTyeMh!X fiOCMOTpeTh BH):Ie03aiTHCb ITO

e):IHHKa ITO TX3KBOH):IO, B KOTOpOM Ha TaTaMH Bb!IIIJIH

):IBOe aTJieTOB: 3all.IHTHb!M IIIJieM Ha fOJIOBe 0):\HOfO

H3 HHX 6biJI cnHero l.IBeTa, a y L~pyroro - KpaCHoro.

3pnTeJIHM rrpe):IJIO:>KHJIH rrorrpo6osaTh ce6H B Kaqe

CTBe cy):leif ll OTMeqaTh pe3yJihTaTHBHhie y):lapbl TOfO

HL~pyroro crropTcMeHa. <~KpacHhiif~ oKa3aJICH rro6e):IH

TeJieM - Ol.leHKa 3aOqHb!X pe4>epn COBITaJia C MHeHH.eM

peaJihHhiX. 3aTeM TY :>Ke 3arrnch rrpo):leMoHcTpnposaJIH

LIPYrHM yqacTHHKaM 3KcrrepnMeHTa - O):IHaKo Terrepb

rrpH ITOMO!llll KOMflbiOTepHb!X YXH!llpeHHM IIIJieMhl

crropTcMeHoB 6hiJIH rrepeKpaiiieHhi Hao6opoT. Ho

ll B 3TOM CJiyqae 3pHTeJibCKHe CHMITaTHH OKa3aJIHCb Ha

CTOpOHe <<KpaCHOfO>>: HCflbiTyeMbie HaqHCJIHJIH eMy Ha

13% 6oJihiiie oqKoB, qeM correpHnKy,- n B pe3yJihTaTe

He CMOfJIH OTJillqllTb rro6e):lbl OT rropa:>KeHHH.

3TOT 3KcrrepHMeHT 6b!JI ):laJieKO He rrepBb!M B CBOeM

po):le. IlepBbie Illafll B fiOHCKaX CBH3ll Me:>K):IY l.IBeTOM

n rrcnxoJiomqeCKoif ):IHHaMHKoif c):leJiaJI e11..1e KapJI

fycTaB lOHr, rrepBOOTKphiBaTeJih KOJIJieKTHBHOfO

6ecco3HaTeJibHoro. OH OTMeTHJI, qTo JIIO):IH CKJIOH

Hhi rrpHXO):IHTb B COCTOHHHe B036y:>K):IeHHH OT 0):\HOfO

yrroMHHaHHH KpaCHOfO l.IBeTa, a eCJIH fiOITpOCHTb HX

Ha3BaTh rrepsy10 rrpHIIIe):IIIIYIO B fOJIOBY aCCOI..Illal.IHIO

CO CJIOBOM <<KpaCHb!M>>, TO 60JibiiiHHCTBO BhlflaJIHBaeT

<~CHHHM >>, BOCKpeiiiaH ):lpeBHHM MH<l> 0 rro6e):le liB eTa

OfHH Ha):l l.IBeTOM He6a. 3TO fiO):ITBep):IHJIH ll pe3yJih

TaTbl- BrrpoqeM, BO MHOfOM BeCbMa CITOpHb!e- 3KC

rrepHMeHTa, rrpoBe):leHHOfO COBpeMeHHHKOM lOHra

<l>JiopnaHOM CTe<l>aHecKy-roaHra. PyMh!HCKHM fiCHXO

TeparreBT Ca:>KaJI CBOHX ITO):IOfleqHbiX, y KOTOpb!X 6biJIH

3aKpb!Tbl rJia3a, rrepe):l HpKO OKpaiiieHHb!Mll CTeHaMH.

0H OTMeTHJI: Cll):IH rrepe):l opaH:>KeBO-KpaCHOM CTeHOM,

JIIO):IH CKJIOHHhi HerrpoH3BOJihHO pa3BO):IHTh pyKn,

a rrepe):l CHHeif - CKJia):lhiBaTh HX, CJIOBHO ):IJIH MOJIHT

Bbl. Kor):la CTe<l>aHecKy rrpoCHJI yqacTHHKOB 3Kcrrepn-

MeHTa OTKphiTh rna3a, BH):IeBnm:e ITepe):l co6oii cwHesy

T.HHynw K HeM: pyKw, a oKa3aswwec.H ITepe):l opamKesoM:

CTeHOH - OT):IepmBaJII111X, KaK OT OfH51.

OroHh 6wTB 11 KpOBh, ITponwTa.H B 6opb6e, HeyKpo

THMa.H 3Hepr1151 11 peiUHMOCTh - HeCKOJihKO BeKOB

espoiTeiicKa.H l\HBHJIH3al\H51 oKpawwsana see Tpa):lw-

1..\HOHHO My)l{cKwe KaqeCTsa B KpacHhiH, 1..\BeT Mapca

11 KpecTHhiX cTpa):laHwii XpwcTa.l1 ITPOTHBOITOCTaBJI.H

na eMy BCeB03MO)I{Hbie OTTeHKI1 CI1He-roJiy6oi1: raMMhl,

1..\BeTa BeHephi 11 Eoropo):IHl\hi, <<MHpHoro He6a Ha):l

fOJIOBOH>> 11 HeC6hiTOqHhiX MeqTaHHH IT03TOB-pOMaH

TI1KOB, o6peKIUI1X ce651 Ha ITOI1CKI1 Bh!MhllUJieHHOfO

rony6oro 1..\BeTKa. B o6Il\eCTBe EspoiThi Hosoro spe

MeHH, f):le )l{eHil\11He 6b!JIO yroTOBaHO ITO):IqJ1HeHHOe

ITOJIO)I(eHwe, y cwHero He 6hiJIO HH Maneiiwero waHca

Ha ITo6e):ly. ,ll;a)l{e cppaHl\Y3CKHe pecrry6m1.KaHl\hi-pe

BOJIIOl\HOHepbi, 1136paBIUI1e CBOHM 1..\BeTOM CI1HI1H,

CHMBOJI CB060):Ihl, B KOHl\e KOHl\OB YTOHYJIH B KpOBI1

51Ko6wHcKoro Teppopa, pa3sepHysweroc.H ITO):~ Kpac

HhiMH 3HaMeHaMH.

HOBOe BpeM51 30pKO CJie):IHJIO 3a CBOI1M11 ):leThMH,

ITpe):IITI1CbiBa51 11M )l{eCTKHe paMKI1, He TOJihKO KJiaC-

HA CBOVIX <!>OTO·

IPA<!>VI>IX Y)!(QH MVI

IOH 3AnEYATnEnA

AEBOYEK V1 MAn bY VI·

KOB C VIX BEUjAMVI

V1V11PYWKAMV1

COBble, HO 11 reH):IepHhie - paMKI1 COl\HaJihHOfO ITOJia.

l1wciTOJih30Bano ):IJI51 3Toro B TOM qwcne 1..\BeT. HeiTH

caHhiH KO):IeKC 06Il\eCTBeHHhiX ycJIOBHOCTeH, CJI0)1{11B

llli1HC51 K KOHl\Y XIX - Haqany XX CTOJieTH.H, 3aBell\aJI

MaTep51M OKpyll<aTh CBOHX ):\Oqepeii rony6h!M, a MaJib

qJ1KOB - p030Bh!M.

«llputtw-ta 6 moM, ttmo po306blii cttumaemcfl 6o!lee omttemllU6blM u CUJlbHblM 1{6emoM, a nomoMy llyttme noiJxoiJum MaJlblfUKJ', 6 mo 6peMJl KaK zo!ly6oii, 6yiJyttu 6o!lee He:J/CHblM u ymoHtteHHblM, MUJlee CMompumcJl Ha iJe6ottKe»,- noJlCHJlem!lozuKy 3noxu 61918 zoiJy aMepuKaHcKuii «.aoMamHuii :J/CYPHa!l JleiJu», Hau6o!lee a6-mopumemHoe :J/CeHcKoe u3iJaHue moii nopbl.

,ll;JI51 06Il\eCTBa CTO JieT Ha3a):l p030Bh!H 51BJI51JIC51 MJia):l

llli1M 6paTOM KpaCHoro, a ITOTOMY ITpe):IHa3HaqaJIC51

MaJibqJ1KaM, rony6oi1: )l{e ):IOCTaBaJIC51 ):lesoqKaM, CTa

HOB51Ch 3HaKOM He)I{HOCTI1 11 ITOKOpHOCTI1. 0):1HaKO

B KaKOH-TO MOMeHT 3TI1l\BeTa ITOMeH51JIHCh MeCTaMH.

Kor):la wMeHHO 11 IToqeMy 3TO cnyqwnoch, ocTa

eTC.H 3ara):IKOH. COl\HOJioraM, HCTopwKaM o6Il\eCTBa

11 MO):Ihl, reH):IepHbiM 11CCJie):IOBaTeJI51M 11 COl\HaJibHhiM

aHTpOITOJIOfaM ITOKa He y):laJIOCh pa3pellli1Th ee. flo

seeM: BH):IHMOCTH, 3TOT He3aMeTHhiH ITepesopoT ITpo

H3owen ):IOBOJihHO cnyqaliHo, KOr):la Ha cpoHe pac

waTbiBaHH.H reH):IepHbiX MO):IeJieH <<1..\BeTa ):leTCTBa»

ITOTep51JII1 CBOe 3HaqeHJ1e. 0):1HaKO CIIYCT51 KaKoe-TO

BpeM51 CTOpOHHI1KI1 cerperal.\1111 ITOJIOB ITOIThiTaJIHCh

HaBepcTaTb yiTyll\eHHOe - HO, He qyBCTBY51 ITpe)I{HeH

IToqBhi ITO):~ HoraMw, ITepeiTyTaJIH 1..\BeTa. Cero):IH51 ro

ny6oii CTaJI ITpwHa):IJie)l{aTh Mwpy MaJihqJ1KOB, a po3o

BhiH- Mwpy ):lesoqeK, 11 OHH pa3):1eJIHJII1Ch HaCTOJihKO,

qTo y HHX, Ka)l{eTC51, 11 BOBCe HeT HJ1qero 06Il\efO - 3TO

ITOKa3aJia Ha CBOHX CHHMKax, HaiTpHMep, KI1TaHCKI1H

cpoTorpacp l!)I{OH Mw IOH. A ee cooTeqeCTBeHHHKH

aHTpoiTonom, CTpeM51Ch HaHTI111CTOp11qecKyiO IToqsy

ITO):\ HhiHelllHHM ITOJIO)I(eHHeM Bell\eH, 06'h51BI1JII1 )l{eH

CKyiO ITp11B513aHHOCTh K KpaCHOMY 11 p030BOMY «re

HeTwqeCKOH ITaM51ThlO>> 0 ITepB06biTHhiX BpeMeHaX,

KOf):la )l{eHil\11Hhl 3aHHMaJII1Ch co6wpaTeJibCTBOM 51f0):1,

a My)l(qJ1Hhl 6b!JII1 51K06bi 6onee CKJIOHHhl ITpH):IaBaTb

3HaqeHwe cwHeBe He6a, Be):lh xopowa.H IToro):la ITpe):I

Bell\aJia y):laqHyiO OXOTy. Ho CTOHT JIH HCKaTh B ITepB0-

6biTHOH ):lpeBHOCTI1 KOpH11 TOfO, qTO IT051BI1JIOCh JII1lllh

HeCKOJihKO ):leC51TI1JieTI1H Ha3a):l?

Ha ITpoT.H)I{eHHH BTopoM: ITOJIOBHHhi XX cToJieTH.H

l\11BHJII13al\H51 ITOCJie):IOBaTeJihHO c6paChiBaJia C ce651

rpy3 1..\BeTOBhiX ycJIOBHOCTeH. )l(eJIThiH ITepeCTaJI ac

COl\1111pOBaTbC51 C 113MeHOH, ITpe):laTeJibCTBaMI111 ):ly

IUeBHhiMI1 6one3H51MI1. EeJihiH y)l{e He e):IHHCTBeHHhiH

):IOITYCTI1Mh!H Ha ITJiaTbe espoiTeHCKOH HeBeCThl, 51p

KI1e 1..\BeTa 3aiTeCTpeJII1 B ):leJIOBOM 0611XO):Ie. fiOXO)I{e,

H BOHHa KpaCHOfO 11 CHHero BCKOpe 6y):leT OKOHqeHa -

111..\BeT BHOBh CTaHeT CaMHM co6oi1:. D

63

DISCOVERY AECSITO"' KA

nAY'IMM 3AMbiCEn CerOAH5I B CaMbre paAyJK

Hbre l\BeTa oKparmmaeT

CH AaJKe KOHCepBaTHBHaH

MYJKCKaH MOAa, a B KOHl\e

XVIII H B XIX BeKe HpKaH

OAeJKAa cqHTanacb yAeJIOM

rrpocTOJIIOAHHOK. B BhiC-

IIIeM JKe CBeTe H MyJKqHHbl,

H JKeHil\HHbl copeBHOBaJIHCb B H3b!CKaHHOCTH He6pOCKHX OTTeH

KOB- H B OpHrHHaJibHOCTH HX Ha3BaHHH. B eKaTepHHHHCKYIO :moxy

B HCKYCCTBe Ha CMeHy 6apoqHOH BbrqypHOCTH rrpHIIIJia CTpOHHOCTb

KJiaCCHl\H3Ma - HO TiblliiHOCTb 6apOKKO rrpoqHo o60CHOBaJiaCb

B MOAe. HarrpHMep, rrorrynHpHbiH B TO BpeMH OTTeHOK TeMHO-Ce

poro Ha3biBaJICH <<l\BeTOM rrayKa, 3aMbiiiiJIHIOil\ero rrpeczyrrneHHe~

(qall\e so <iJpaHl\Y3CKOM sapHaHTe - araignee meditante un crime).

BcTPeqaJIHCb H KyAa 6onee YAHBHTeJibHbre HMeHoBaHHHTHrra <<1\Be

Ta TIOTYTIJieHHbiX fJia30K>> HJIH <<l\BeTa HOBOI1pH6biBIIIHX OC06>>.

HE>KHOCTb MAPKM3bl 3aKOHOAaTeJIHMH MOAB TY

AaJieKyro :moxy 6hmH, KO

HeqHo JKe, <iJpaHl\Y3br -

B TOM qHcJie H B rrpHAy

MbiBaHHH He06brqHb!X

Ha3BaHHH OTTeHKOB. HepeAKO l\BeTaM TKaHeH AaBaJIH HMeHa

H3BeCTHb!X JIHqHOCTeH. HarrpHMep, HCTOpHKH KOCTIOMa YTBepJK

AaiOT, qTo OAHH H3 rrorrynHpHeHIIIHX <<KonepoB>> XVIII CTone

THH ssena B MOAY MapKH3a )I(aHHa-AHTyaHeTTa Ae IloMrraAyp,

sceCHJihHaH <iJasopHTKa JliOAOBHKa XV. OTTeHOK, qyTh 6onee

CBeTJibiH, qeM rrpOCTO p030Bb!H, B qeCTb MapKH3bl TIOJiyqHJI

Ha3BaHHe <<TIOMTiaAyp>> H TIOA HHM JKe BOIIIeJI B MOAY B PoCCHH

B rrepBOH TIOJIOBHHe XIX BeKa, CTaB OAHHM H3 JII06HMb!X B CBeT

CKOM 06Il\eCTBe.

MEIJ.BE>KbE YWKO &AMPOHA ,lJ;aJieKO He BCe <iJpaHl\Y3CKHe HaHMeHO

BaHHH OTTeHKOB, TIOTIYJIHpHb!X y pyCCKHX

Il\eroneif, 6biJIH pOAOM H3 IIapHJKa. B cno

secHoM H306peTaTeJibCTBe yrrpaJKHHJIHCb

H <iJpaHl\Y3bl, AepJKaBIIIHe MOAHbie Mara-

3HHbl H aTeJihe Ha HescKoM H Ky3Hel\KOM

MOCTy, H HX pyCCKHe KOJIJierH. CJiyqaJIOCb,

qTO y OAHOfO H TOfO JKe l\BeTa 6biJIO ABa

HMeHH: <iJpaHl\Y3CKOe H <<MeCTHOe~. TaK I1pOH30IIIJIO C OTTeHKOM

TeMHO-KaiiiTaHosoro l\BeTa <<JIOPA EaifpoH>>, Ha3BaHHbiM B qecTb

MOAHoro B Haqane XIX BeKa rro3Ta-poMaHTHKa. B PoccHH 3TOT

OTTeHOK 6hiJI H3BecreH KaK <<l\BeT MeABeJKhero YIIIKa>> - oreille

d ' ours, aBO <l>paHl\HH TaK Ha3b!BaiOT TpaBHHHCTOe pacTeHHe.


&nOWMHASI YTOH'IEHHOCTb YseKoseqeHHbiMH <1B l\BeTe >> MOrJIH

6b!Tb He TOJ!bKO 3HaMeHHTOCTH, HO

H .. . 06biKHOBeHHaH 6noxa. 3TH Hace

KOMbie 6hiJIH HeH3MeHHhiMH crryTHH

KaMH AaM H Kasanepos XVIII BeKa,

HaCeJIHH CJIOJKHbie, 06HJibHO CMa3aH

Hbie CaJIOM H TIOMaAOH rrapHKH. 113

MOAb! AeCHTHJieTHHMH He Bb!XOAH

JIH 6JIOIIIHHbie JIOBYIIIKH H3 cepe6pa

H CJIOHOBOH KOCTH - H l\eJiaH raMMa

TIIOCOBb!X ( OT <iJp. puce - 6noxa)

1\BeTOB. HapHAY C C06CTBeHHO TIIOCOBb!M - 6ypb!M - 6hlTOBaJIH

OTTeHKH <1MeqTaTeJibHOH 6JIOXH~ (cBeTJib!H TIIOCOBbiH) , <<6JIOXH,

yrraBIIIeif B 06MOpOK>> (TeMHb!H TIIOCOBb!H) H Apyme.

TEHb YnABWErO nMCTA YsneqeHHOe poMaHTH3MOM ABOpHH

CTBO B KOHl\e XVIII - Haqane XIX seKa

6hiJIO CKJIOHHO BTiaAaTb B MeJiaHXO

JIHIO. A qTo6hr rroAqepKHYTh H3bi

cKaHHyro 6JieAHOCTb J!Hl\a, H MyJKqH

Hbl, H JKeHil\HHbl JII06HJIH 06JiaqaTbCH

B MpaqHb!e OTTeHKH <iJHoJieTOBO-CHHeif

raMMbl. 0AHH H3 HHX - KpaCHOBaTb!H

OTTeHOK JIHJIOBOfO l\BeTa - Ha3b!BaJICH

<<aAeJiaHAa>>. OH o6pen rrorrynHpHOCTb

TIOCJie 1797 fOAa, KOfAa TIOHBHJiaCb rreCHH fl~~!J!"_r_a_ ~?~-J?~:_r~-~~~J:I? _ <<AAeJiaHAa>> Ha CTHXH HeMel\KOfO I103Ta -poMaHTHKa <l>pHApHXa

<iJoH MaTHCCOHa, B KOTOpOH yrrOMHHaJICH MeJiaHXOJIHqeCKHH <1Tiyp

rrypHblH JIHCTOK>> .11HOfAa TIOA aAeJiaHAHHb!M l\BeTOM TIOApa3yMe

BaJIH TaKJKe TeMHO-CHHHH.

KOPOnEBCKMM TPAYP MaccaKa (oH JKe MacaKa HJIH MycaKa) -

ell\e OAHH H3 MeJiaHXOJIHqecKHX, Tpayp

Hb!X 1\BeToB. TpaAHl\HH HcrroJih30BaHHH

TIOA06Hb!X MpaqHOBaTb!X ryCTO-JIHJIOBb!X

H <iJHOJieTOBb!X OTTeHKOB B 3HaK CKOp6H

6brna 3aHMCTBOBaHa B XVIII BeKe H3

<iJpaHl\Y3CKOfO rrpHABOpHOfO rrorpe6aJib

HOfO pHTyana. Ha rroxopoHax HacJieAHHK

rrpeCTOJia OAeBaJICH B TeMHO-JIHJIOBOe -

3TOT l\BeT Ha3biBaJIH AO<iJHHOBbiM ( OT <iJp.

Dauphin - CTapiiiHH CbiH KoponH). B PoccHH TaKoif OTTeHOK

Bbi6HpaJIH AJIH TIJiaTbeB HeBeCT, Bb!XOAHBIIIHX 3aMyJK BO BpeMH

CeMeHHOfO Tpaypa. lliHpOKO pacrrpOCTpaHHJICH 06hrqaif 06HBaTb

rpo6hi <iJHOJieTOBb!M 6apxaTOM. 0AHaKO rrpOHCXOJKAeHHe 3ara

AOqHOfO CJIOBa <1MaCCaKa>> OCTaeTCH HeH3BeCTHb!M.

>KEM'IYr ntO&BM Eom cerO,liHH c

aMypHbiMH rrepe

)!(HBaHHHMH aCCO

QHHpyiOTCH Kpac

Hb!H l1 p030Bb!H,

TO ,liBa CTOJieTHH

Ha3a,liQBeTOM JII06BH MOr 6hiTb l1 cepb!H.

0TTeHOK, Ha3biBaBUIHHCH «COBepweHHaH

JII060Bb>> (parfait amour), BoweJI B o6HXO,ll

B 1820-e - MO,liHbie )!(ypHaJibi Taro Bpe

MeHH orrpe,lleJIHJIH ero KaK QBeT <<Me)!(,lly

cepo-JiaBaH,liOBhiM 11 cepo-mpeHeBhiM~.

0,11HaKO qall(e 3TOT OTTeHOK, rrpO,llep)!(aB

lllHHCH B peeCTpe MO,liHbiX TpeH,liOB BIIJIOTb

,110 HaqaJia XX BeKa, HMeHOBaJIH rpH,llerrep

JieBbiM HJIH rpHrrepJieBbiM ( OT cpp. gris de

perle), To ecTh cepo-)!(eMqy)!(HhiM.

KPOBb M nnAMSI &MTBbl IIpe)!(HHH QBeToBaH MO,lla pe,liKO 3HaJia

IIOJIOBOe pa3,lleJieHHe: O,liHH l1 Te )!(e OT

TeHKH HOCHJIH l1 ,llaMbl, HHX KaBaJiepbl -

a BJII06JieHHbie 3aqaczyiO 3aKa3biBaJIH ce6e

HEMCTOBbiM KAHU.nEP He rrpowJio 11 rro

JiyBeKa IIOCJie

TpHyMcpa <iJIOp,lla

EafipoHa~. KaK

KOpHqHeBhiH CHO

Ba BOllleJI B MO,lly.

IJ;eJiaH rraJIHTpa

OTTeHKOB 3TOrO

QBeTa oKa3aJiacb

CBH3aHHOH C HMe

HeM <<)!(eJie3Horo

KaHQJiepa>> repMaHHH OTTO <j.loH EHCMap

Ka. My)!(qHHhi B 1870-1880-e rO,llhi o6-

JiaqaJIHCh B ciOpTyKHH ,liOMawHHe <j.lpaKH

OTTeHKOB << EHCMapK ma]ade~ (60Jib

HOH), <<EHcMapK glace>> (c,llep)!(aHHhiH),

«EHCMapK scintillant>> (6JieCTHII(HH),

«EHcMapK content>> (BeceJihiH) 11 oco-

6eHHO «EHCMapK furiOSO>> ( «EHCMapK

B HpOCTH~) - ,liOBOJibHO HpKHH KOpHq

HeBbiH C KpaCHbiH OTJIHBOM. ITo MHeHHIO

TOr,llalllHHX MO,liHHKOB, OH OTpa)!(aJI He

o6y3,llaHHbiH HpaB, KOTOpb!M KaHQJiep

IIpOCJiaBHJICH ell(e B MOJIO,liOCTH.

>KECTKASI nOCTEnb KAPAMHAnA IJ;BeTOBaH MO,lla

rrpowJioro OTKJIH

KaJiaCh He TOJihKO

Ha repoHqecKHe

rro6e,llbi, HO 11, Ha

rrpHMep, Ha rpoM

KHe yroJIOBHhie

,lleJia. TaK IIOHBHJI-

<<IIapHbie>> HapH,llbl. 0,11HaKO BCTpeqaJIHCb CH «Kap,liHHaJI Ha

l1 HCTHHHO MY)!(CKHe QBeTa - C HCTHHHO

MY)!(CKOH HCTopHefi 11 Ha3BaHHHMH. He

pe,liKO Hx rrocBHII(aJIH KpyrrHhiM BoeH

HhiM 6aTaJIHHM - QBeTa <<HaBapHHCKOrO

,llhiMa>>, <<HaBapHHCKoro rrerrJia>>, MapeH

ro. B HX qJ1cJie 6biJI 11 coJib<j.lepHHO - 3TOT

HpKO-KpaCHbiH OTTeHOK BOllleJI B MO.liY

IIOCJie KpOBOIIpOJIHTHOH 6HTBbl IIpH ce

JieHHH CoJih<j.lepHHO B CeBepHofi HTaJIHH

B 1859 r0,11y, BO BpeMH aBCTpO-HTaJIO

cppaHQY3CKOH BOHHhi. B MY)!(CKOH O,lle)!(,lle,

r,11e B TY rropy ,llorrycKaJiocb JIHlllh oqeHb

yMepeHHOe HCIIOJib30BaHHe HpKHX QBeTOB,

COJih<j.lepHHO KpacoBaJICH B aKceccyapax

TaKHX KaK wapcpbl l1 raJICTYKH.

coJioMe~ - coqe-

TaHHe HexapaKTepHO HpKHX ,liJIH 3IIOXH

QBeToB: )!(eJIToro 11 KpaCHoro. O,lleBwaHCH

B HHx HaKaHyHe BeJIHKOH cppaHI.IY3CKOH

peBOJIIOQHH rrapH)!(CKaH apHCTOKpaTHH

TaKHM o6pa3oM Bbipa)!(aJia rrpoTecT rrpo

THB apecTa Kap,liHHaJia ,11e PoraHa. OH 6biJI

06MaHOM BOBJieqeH B MOllleHHHqecTBO

C IIpHo6peTeHHeM O)!(epeJihH KOJIOCCaJib

HOH CTOHMOCTH HK06bi OT JIHQa MapHH

AHTyaHeTTbl - 3a IIO,liJIO)!(Hbie 3aeMHbie

IIHCbMa C ee IIO,liiiHCblO. KpaCHbiH CHMBO

Jil13HpOBaJI Kap,liHHaJihCKOe ,liOCTOHHCTBO,

a )!(eJITbiH - COJIOMY, Ha KOTOpOH ,lie Para

HY rrpHXO,liHJIOCh crraTb B TIOpbMe.

nVIJlOBbl~, KOpV14H8Bbl~, neneflb

Hbl~ - 3TV1 I.,IB8Ta Ka:>KYTC5l HaM

6Il8KJlbiMV1 V1 CKY4HbiMV1. 60Jlb

WV1HCTBO V13 Hac c TPYAOM MO:>KeT

B ABYX cnosax onV!caTb pa3HV11..1Y

M8:>KAY H8CKOJlbKV1MV1 OTT8HKa

MV1 ceporo. A BOT HaWVl np8AKV1 ,

:>KV1BWV18 200 Jl8T Ha3aA, 6biJlV1

KYAa V13o6peTaTeJlbHee .

~ )!(~Hen 6APAH1Hb~ ,

All~Ha B~HOIPA)J.OBA

65

® DISCOVERY TPAA11LV111

IIo.HBJiemre M06HJihHhix TeJie<!>oHOB H rrpo

qnx ,!IOCTH)I(eHHM QHBHJIH3aQHH He yMepH

JIO .H3bJqecKHif pa3Max caMoro KpacoqHoro

<t>ecTHBaJI.H B MHpe. 06bJqHo CKpOMHbie

H3aKOHOIIOCJIYIIIHbie rpa)l(,llaHe CTaHOB.HT

C.H OTqa.f!HHhiMH XYJIHraHaMH, IIOJIHBaiOT

,11pyr ,11pyra BO,!\OM 11 IIOChiiiaiOT QBeTHhiMH

rropoiiiKaMH. B 3TH ,!\HH OTMeH.HIOTC.H COQH

aJihHhie 11 rrpoq11e HOpMbl IIOBe,lleHH.H. «He

rrepe)I(HBaif, 3TO XoJIH!~ - cKa)l(yT BaM,

HCKyrraB B rp.H311 HJIH BhiMa3aB KpaCKOM.

11 eCJIH Ha BaCHe 6biJI Ha,lleTe,!IHHCTBeHHhiM

IIpHJIJ1qHhiM KOCTIOM, TO - CB.HTa.H KOpO

Ba! - 3TO ,lleMCTBHTeJihHO BeCeJIO.

)l(eHUipHbl u36u8mom na!lKaMu MYJIC'IUH, a me, 8 CBOIO o'iepe(Jb, ocbma10m ux KpaCJIU(UMU nopowKaMu. Jl,emu paccmpe!lu8a-10m npoxoJKux U3 800JIHblX nucmollemo8, He JICQJleJl HUKOZO. Jl,aJICe cmapUKU U UH8QJIUObl npuHuMaiOm ylfacmue 80 8ceo6U(eii 8aKxaHQJIUU, moJICe nOCblnaJI opyz opyza KpaCKOU.

XOJIU, XAU! c.DeCTHBaJib XOJIH OTMeqaeT CMeHy BpeMeH

ro,11a: yxo,!IHT 3HMa, rrpo6y)l(,llaeTc.H rrpH

po,lla. ,[(aTa rrpa3,!\HHKa BhlcqHThiBaeTc.H

ITO JIYHHOMY KaJieH,llapiO 11 IIpHXO,!\HTC.H

Ha IIOJIHOJIYHHe MeC.HQa rrxaJiryHa ( KOHeQ

<t>espaJI.H- HaqaJio MapTa).

,[(JI.H 60JihiiiHHCTBa JIIO,lleif XOJIH CHMBO

JII13HpyeT rro6e,11y ,[(o6pa Ha,ll 3JIOM. Cyll.le

CTsyeT HeCKOJibKO JiereH,ll, 06b.HCH.HIOII.111X

rrpoHCXO)I(,lleHHe rrpa3,!1HHKa. CaMa.H rro

rryJI.HpHa.H- o Qape-,lleMoHe XHpaHh.HKa

IIIHrry, Tpe6osasiiieM, qTo6hi ero cqHTaJIH

6oroM. Ho IOHhiif QapcKHif ChiH IIpaxJia,ll

rroqHTaJI ,11pyroro 6ora - BHIIIHy. Pa3o-

3JieHHhiif oTeQ peiiiHJI yMepTBHTh IIpaxJia

,lla 11 IIOIIpOCHJI CBOIO cecTpy XoJIHKY C)l(eqb

IIJieM.HHHHKa B KOCTpe. liOBeJIHTeJihHHQa

OfH.H, 3Ha.H, qTO He IIOCTpa,llaeT, B30IIIJia

Ha KOCTep BMeCTe C MaJibqJ1KOM. Ho H3-3a

BMeiiiaTeJihCTBa BHIIIHY cropeJia HMeH

HO XoJIHKa, a 6JiaroqecTHBhiif IIpaxJia,ll

ocTaJic.H Hespe,!IHM. B qecTh 3THX co6hiTHif

Ha rrpa3,!\HHK pa3BO,!\.HT KOCTpbl H C)I(HfaiOT

CIIeQHaJibHO 113fOTOBJieHHOe qyqeJIO ,lleMO

HeCCbl JIH60 CHMBOJII13HpyiOII.IHM ee KYCOK

cyiiieHoro Koposbero HaB03a.

XOJIH - He TOJihKO KpacoqHhie ryJI.HHH.H,

HO 11 IIOBO,!\ JIHIIIHHM pa3 CXO,!\HTh B xpaM

HJIH co6paThC.H seeM: ceMbeM:. B HO% rre-


pe,ll rrpa3,!\HHKOM, KOf,lla BOCXO,!\HT IIOJIHa.H

JiyHa, IIOBCIO,!\y 3a)I(HfaiOT KOCTpbl, f,lle

,!\OJI)I(HO cropeTb HaKOIIHBIIIeec.H 3a fO,!\

3Jio. CB.Hll.leHHhiif rrerreJI HaHOC.HT Ha Jio6

,!\JI.H 3all.IHThl OT 3Jih!X ,!\YXOB, a He,!IOropeB

IIIHe yrJIH YHOC.HT C co6oif, qT06bi C)l(e%

y)l(e ,!\OM a 11 TaKHM o6pa3oM y6epe% )I(HJihe

OT CKBepHbl 11 113fHaTb 113 Hero 6oJie3HH.

IIpa3,!\HHqHhiif ,lleHh HaqHHaeTc.H paHo

YTPOM. )l{eHII.IHHhi Toporr.HTC.H rrpH6paTh

C.H 11 K IIpHXO,lly fOCTeif rrpHrOTOBHTh pH

TyaJibHbie KyiiiaHh.H. Top)l(eCTBeHHYIO Qe

peMOHHIO HaqJ1HaeT )l(peQ HJIH CTapiiiHM

My)l(qHHa B ceMhe. OH pa3BO,!\HT Kpac.Hll.IHM

IIOpOIIIOK B BO,lle H 6phi3raeT QBeTHOM BO

,l\OM Ha Ka)I(,!IOro 113 co6paBIIIHXC.H. To )l(e

IIOBTOp.HIOT 11 OCTaJibHbie qJieHbl CeMbH.

MoJIO,!\hie ysa)I(HTeJihHO rrocbmaiOT QBeT

HhiM IIOpOIIIKOM HOrH CTapiiiHX. ,[(a)l(e eCJIH

B ceMhe He rrpHH.HTO Ma3aTh ,11pyr ,11pyra

KpaCKOM, pO,!IHTeJI.HM, 6a6yiiiKaM 11 ,lle

,1\YIIIKaM BCe paBHO BpyqaiOT He60JihiiiHe

rraKeTHKH ryJiaJia - Kpac.Hll.lero rropoiiiKa.

MaTepH ,11ap.11T HOBYIO o,lle)l(,lly 3aMy)I(HHM

,lloqep.HM. A 3.HTh.HM n HesecTKaM ,llaiOT

CHMBOJIJ1qeCKHe ,lleHbrH Ha cqaCTbe.

Bo 8peMJI Xo!lu He8ecmKe 00380JIJlemcJI 8 zuymKy 3anepemb c8eKpa u c8eKp08b 8 KOMHame u He 8bmycKamb oo mex nop, noKa OHU He npeOJIOJICam OOCmOUHblU nooapoK 3Q C80e OC8060JICOeHUe - H080e capu UJIU yKpazueHUJl. C8ou mpe6o8aHUJl He8ecmKa OOJIJICHa nponemb.

Ho caMhie oTqa.HHHhie IIIYTKH HaqHHa

IOTC.H Ha YJIHQe. 3,!\eCh MoryT HeO)I(H,llaHHO

OKaTHTh CTpyeif 113 6paH,!ICIIOMTa IIO)I(ap

HOM MaiiiHHhi, BhiJIHTh Ha roJiosy QBeTHYIO

IIeHy HJIH CTOJIKHYTh B CIIeQHaJibHO Bhl

KOIIaHHhiM 6acceifH C rp.H3hl0.

IIoBCIO,!\y HrpaiOT MY3hiKaJihHhie HH

CTpyMeHThi. CJihiiiiHhi KpHKH: <<XOJIH,

Xaif!>> - <<,[(a 3,!\pasCTsyeT XoJIH!~ Bee

IIpOXO)I(He 0,!\HHaKOBO pa3HOQBeTHbie, BHe

3aBHCHMOCTH OT B03paCTa 11 COQHaJihHOfO

rroJIO)I(eHH.H. K CTeHaM )I(MYTC.H rrpo,llaBQhi

ryJiaJia, BbiCTaBHBIIIHe Ha MeTaJIJIJ1qeCKHX

TapeJIKax ropbi QBeTHoro rropoiiiKa: Kpac

Hhie, po30Bhie, )l(eJIThie, 3eJieHbie, <!>Ho

JieTOBhie. 3THM IIOpOIIIKOM IIOChiiiaiOT

He TOJihKO JIIO,lleif, HO ,lla)l(e ,!\OMaiiiHHX

)I(HBOTHhiX 11 KaMeHHbie CTaTyH 60)I(eCTB.

UPA3,IJ;HHK ,IJ;JUI BCEX 51p'-1e BCero XOJIH OTMe'-laiOT IIO'-IHTaTeJIH

6ora KpHIIIHhl. Y HHX eCTh CBOH JiereH,lla -

0 JIIO,liOe,liKe fiyTaHe, IIhiTaBIIIeHCH y6HTh

MJia,lleHI.(a KpHIIIHy, HaiiOHB ero CBOHM 51,110-

BHThiM MOJIOKOM. Ho KpHIIIHa He oTIIyCKaJI

rpy,llh 3JIO,lleHKH, IIOKa He BhiiiHJI H3 Hee BCIO

KpOBh. TaK )J;o6po BHOBh rro6e,liHJIO.

I HA BPEM51 XOnVI BC51 V1HAV151 - oOnbWE

MV1nnV1APAA YEnOBEK! - CXOAVIT C YMA

Bo BpHH,llaBaHe H MaTxype rrpa3,liHO

BaTh Ha'-!HHaiOT 3a MeCHQ ,110 MapTOBCKOfO

IIOJIHOJIYHHH. TaHQOpbl CO BCeH 11H,liHH

rrpwe3)1{aJOT Ha <PecmBaJih, '-IT06hi rrpw rro

MOIIIH KJiaCCH'-IeCKOfO xpaMOBOfO TaHQa

IIOKa3aTb CQeHbl H3 )I{Y!3HH CJiaCTOJII06Qa

KpHIIIHhi H era B03JII06JieHHhiX rracTy

IIIeK. 0'-leHh rrorryJIHpeH o6pa3 MJia,lleHQa

KpwiiiHhi, rro6e,liHTeJIH3JIOH IlyTaHhi, ero

<PwrypKy yKpaiiiaiOT QBeTaMH H OCbiiia

IOT KpaCHIIIHMH rropoiiiKaMH. B MaTXype

ycTpaHBaeTCH Hrpa xypaHra, BO BpeMH

KOTopoH: )l{eHIIIHHhi psyT Ha MY)I{'-IHHax

O,lle)l{,lly, a Te IIOJIHBaiOT )l{eHIIIHH QBeT

HOH BO,liOH.

)J;a)l{e B COBpeMeHHOM )J;eJIH BaCHe MH

HyeT '-!aiiia C KpaCKOH HJIH 60'-!Ka C BO,liOH:

B Typwcm'-lecKOM paiioHe IlaxapraH,ll)l{

IIOBCIO,lly 3aCa,llhl C IIIyTHHKaMH. Brrpo'-leM,

OCHOBHOe rrpa3,liHH'-IHOe IIIOY IIpOXO,liHT 3a

ropo,liOM. Ha e)l{erO,liHOM <PecTHBaJie Holi

Cow see TO )l{e: MY3hiKa, 6xaHr-Jiaccw -

MOJIO'-IHhiH HaiiHTOK C KOHOIIJieH, HpKHe

KpaCKH H BCe06111ee cyMaCIIIeCTBHe, TOJih

KO TlllaTeJihHO opraHH30BaHHOe. Ilosece-

69

JII1Tb fOCTeH C'be3JKa!OTCH CaMbie MO,!IHbie

MY3hiKaHThi, apT11CThi 11 ,1111,11JKel1 CTOJII1llhl.

B ropo,11Ke IllaHTI1HI1KeTaH B 3arra,11Hoi1

EeHraJII111 rrpa3,11H11K XOJII1 corrpoBOJK,!Ia

eTCH CTI1XaMI111 rreCHHMI1113BeCTHOfO 11H

,1111HCKOfO rro:na Pa611H,11paHaTa Taropa,

rrpoBe):llllero 3,1\ecb HeMaJiyJO qacTb cBoeH:

JKI13HI1. A B pacrroJioJKeHHOM B TOM JKe

lllTaTe ropo,11Ke ITypyJII151 MeCTHhie JKI1Te

JII1 TaHQYIOT B KpacoqHbiX MaCKaX 11 «KO

KOlllHI1KaX>> MeTpOBOfO ,1111aMeTpa.

B ,UJKaH:rrype rrpoxo,!IHT KOHKypcbi

KpaCOTbl cpe,1111 CJIOHOB 11 COCTH3aHI1H, BO

BpeM51 KOTOpbiX 3TI1 11CITOJII1Hbl CQeiTJIH

IOTCH X060TaMI111 IlbiTa!OTCH rrepeT5IHYTb

,11pyr ,11pyra. A B lllTaTe fy):IJKapaT MOJIO,!Ibie

JII0,1111 BbiCTpa11Ba!OT JKI1BYIO II11paMI1,11y,

CTapa51Cb ,1\0THHYTbCH ,110 ITO,!IBellleHHO

ro MeJK,!Iy ,110MaMI1 fJII1H5IHOfO roplllKa

C rraXTOH - o6e3JK11peHHbiMI1 CJII1BKaMI1.

3a,11aqa caM oro MJia,!llllero yqacTHI1Ka KO

MaH):Ihi - 3a6paTbCH ITO CITI1HaM CTaplll11X

Ha Bb!COTY OKOJIO 10 MeTpOB 11 pa3611Tb

roplllOK C rraXTOH, OKaTI1B BhiJII1BllleHC51

JK11,11KOCTb!O BCIO II11paMI1,11y. 3a,11aqa OC-


JIOJKHHeTCH TeM, qTo, ITOKa IOHOllll1 CTpO

HT II11paMI1,11y, ):leBylllKI1 ITOCbiiTa!OT 11X

KpacKoi1. ITapeHeK, cyMeBllli1H pa3611Th

rOplllOK, ITOJiyqaeT rroqeTHbiH TI1TYJI KO

pOJIH XOJII1.

IIpa30HUK omMettmom He mollbKO uHoycbt, HO maKJ/Ce cuKxu 8 IleHOJICa6e, xpucmuaHe 8 roa u OaJ/Ce MYCYllbMGHe 8 KautMupe. )f(eJlaHue o6Jlumb 8ooou u 8btKpacumb KpacKou 6JlUJ/CHezo c8oezo o6aeOUHJlem npeocma8ume!leu 8cex pe!luzuu.

HA qAJIO HOBOfO fO,li,A ITpo11CXOJK,11eHI1e XOJII1 Bhl3hiBaeT crro

pbi. Cqi1TaeTcH, qTo 3TOT caMbiH CTapbiH

rrpa3,11HI1K B 11H,111111, yrroMI1HaHI1H 0 KOTO

pOM COXpaHI1JII1Cb B ITOJIYI1CTJieBllli1X Jie

TOITI1C5IX 11 Ha <iJpecKaX ,11peBHI1X xpaMOB,

CI1MBOJII1311pyeT rrp11X0,11 BeCHbl. 0,11HaKO

,1\JIH 11H,111111, Ha 60JibllleH qacTI1 KOTOpOH

Qap11T BeqHoe JieTO, TaKaH pa,!IOCTb KaJKeT

CH qpe3MepHoi1: MapT 11 arrpeJih rrp11HO

C5IT Y.11YlllaJOII.IYJO JKapy, KOTopa.H yx0,1111T

TOJibKO C HaCTyrrJieHI1eM Ce30Ha ,1\0JK,!IeH.

XOJII1 BeCeJIO OTMeqaJOT 11 B ,11pymx CTpa

HaX C KpyrrHhiMI1 11H,1111HCKI1MI1 0611.111Ha

Ml1, Harrp11Mep B IOAP, HO TaM c MeC.HI.IeM

ITXaJiryHa 11 BOBCe Haqi1HaeTC51 He BeCHa,

a oceHb. CKopee Bcero, o6hiqai1: rrpa3,11-

HOBaTh Xom1 rrpnHeCJm: B 11Ht~HIO KYITllhi

mm 3asoesaTeJIH c cesepa. J];o cnx rrop Ha

CeBepe CTpaHbl 3TOT cpeCTHBaJib rrpOXOtjHT

3HepmqHee H pat~OCTHee, qeM Ha 10re.

Y MHOrHX HapOt\OB eCTb 110XQ)I<HH

rrpa3tjHI1K, 11p11B.H3aHHbiH HJII1 K Map

TOBCKOMY 110JIHOJIYHI110, 111111 KO t\HIO

pasHot~eHCTBI1H. Ha Pym OTMeqaiOT

MacJieHI111Y, BO BpeM.H KOTOpOH OKI1ra

IOT qyqeJio 311M hi. B Esporre 11 JlaT!1HCKOH

AMep11Ke ycTpa11BaiOT KapHaBaJihi c Hp

KI1MI1 KOCTIOMaMI1, MaCKaMI1, TaHQaMI1,

Bhll111BKoi1 11 seceJihiM pa3BpaToM. Taw

CKI1e 6yt~t\11CTbl 1101111Ba!OT t~pyr t~pyra BOtjOH 11 Ma)l(yT 6eJIOH rJII1HOH BO BpeM.H

rrpa3t~HI1Ka CoHrKpaH. MycyJihMaHe OT

MeqaiOT rroJiyH3hiqecKI1H Haspy3, 11 t~a)l(e

11Yt~eiicKI1H Ilyp11M, corrpOBO)I(tja!Ollii1HCH

BeCeJiheM 11 IIIYTOBCTBOM, OTqaCTI1 HaiTO

MI1HaeT Xo1111.

MHome yqeHbie cq11Ta!OT, qTo see

3TI1 rrpa3t~HI1KI1 6epyT HaqaJio 113 t~pes

Hero IllyMepa. B t~eHb seceHHero paBHO

t~eHCTBI1H OTMeqaJIC.H IIIyMepCKI1H Ho

BhiH rot~ - rrpa3t~HI1K HeorpaHI1qeHHOH

CB060tjbl, KOCTIOMI1pOBaHHOrO BeCeJib.H,

Herrp111111qHoro o6)1(opcTBa 11 rrpeJII06o

t~e.HHI1H. Ha speMH rrpa3t~HeCTB Ha TpoH

Qap.H cat~I1JICH IIIYT, OTMeHHJII1Ch cyt~hi

11 HaKa3aHI1H. Bee 3TO cosepiiiaJioch

B qecTb rro6et~hi t~o6poro 6ora Mapt~yKa Hat~ qyt~OBI1llleM T!1aMaT. B 11Ht~I111, KaK

11 BO MHOri1X t~pymx CTpaHaX A31111, 11C-

110Jib3YeTC.H JIYHHbiH KaJieHt~apb. 11 KO

HeQ cTaporo rot~a KaK pa3 Bhmat~aeT Ha

rroJIHOJIYHI1e MeC.HQa rrxaJiryHa.

To ecmb XoJlu - 3mo Ho6blii zoo no utyMepcKo-uHouiicKoMy KaJleHoapJO, xopouto U36ecmHoMy HaM 6 Kattecm6e acmpo!lozuttecKozo, Komopblii HattuHaemcJl3HaKoM 06Ha u 3aKaHttu6aemcJl Pbl6aMu.

ITocJie rrpa3t~HI1KOB CTpaHy rrp11XOt\11T

c.H OTMbiBaTb OT KpaCKI1, a CtjeJiaTb 3TO

HerrpocTo. Ec1111 B t~epeBHHX t~o c11x rrop

11CI10Jib3YIOT HaTypaJihHhie KpaCI1TeJII1,

11p11rOTOBJieHHhie 113 JII1CTheB paCTeHI1H,

TO B ropot~ax qallle rrpot~aiOTCH XI1M!1qe

cK!1e CMeCI1, BpetjHbie tjJI.H K0)1(11 11 OTpaB

JIHIOI1111e BOtjOeMbl.

BhiXOt\H Ha YJII111Y. orrhiTHhie yqaCT

HHKH XOJIH Hat~eBa!OT xyt~IIIYIO Otje)l(t~Y

11 CMa3biBa!OT KO)I(y KYH)I(YTHbiM MaC-

110M, qTo6bi 3allii1TI1Tb ee OT TOKCI1qHOH

KpacK!1. CyllleCTBYIOT 3KOJior!1qecK!1e

tiBI1)1(eHI1H, rrp113hiBaiOI1111e HaceJieHI1e

OTKa3aThC.H OT 11CI10Jib30BaHH.H CI1HTeTI1-

qeCKI1X cMecew 11 o6yqaiOI1111e 113rOTOBJie

HI1IO HaTypaJibHbiX QBeTHbiX 110pOIIIKOB

tjetjOBCKI1MI1 MeTOtjaMI1, Ha11p11Mep 113 tje

peBa 6yTI1H (Butea monosperma), TaK)I(e

Ha3hiBaeMoro <<JiecHoe rrJiaM.Hi> 3a HpKo

KpacHhiH OTTeHOK QBeTKOB.

HecMoTpH Ha see CJIO)I(HOCTI1, Xo1111 -

speMH a6coJIIOTHoro cqacTb.H, Kort~a Ka)l(

t\hiH MO)I(eT BHOBb rroqyBCTBOBaTh ce6.H

11pOKa3HI1qa!OlliHM pe6eHKOM 11 3HaTh,

qTO HaKa3aH!1.H He IlOCJiet~yeT. A pa3 TaK, TO

C paHHero yTpa CJiet~yeT 3arraCTI1Cb BOtjOH

11 KpacKoii, BbipbiTh rpH3eByiO HMY rrorJiy6-

)l(e 11 C HeTeprreHI1eM )l(tjaTh, KOrt~a IlO.HB.HT

C.H rrepBbie 11pOX0)1(11e, KOTOpblM MO)I(HO

6yt~eT ITO)I(eJiaTb cqacTJII1Boro Xo1111! a

71

nYTb CAilATHOrO IlVICTA 3HaKOMs=!Cb C HOBbiMV1 niOAbMV1, Mbl ltlHTepecyeMCs=l nepV1neTV1s=IMV1 V1X >KV13HV1, a pa3rns=~gb1Bas:~ s My3eii1Holl1 BV1TpV1He YAV1BV1TenbHYIO Bell.\V1U,Y V13 npownoro, nbiTaeMcs:~ npegcTaBV1Tb ee s pyKax npe>KHV1X xo3s=~es. Csos:~ 6V1orpacpV1s=~ ecTb V1 y caMbiX npocTbiX Bell.\elll- spoge 3eneHoro canaTa, 3a6oTnV1BO Hape3aHHoro V1 ynaKosaHHoro npOV13BOAV1TeneM B naKeTbl, KOTOpble >KAYT HaC Ha nonKaX cynepMapKeTOB.

Y cospeMeHHoro '-lenoseKa eCTb see, o '-leM ellle COTHIO neT

Ha3aA '-lenose'-leCTBO He Morno ~ Me'-ITaTb, - Apeso Hay'-IHOro

no3HaH~H Aap~TYA~B~TenbHble nnoAbl TexHonor~'-lecKoro npo

rpecca, GaMble AanbH~e paCCTOHH~H CTaHOBHTCH nerKonpeOAO

n~MbiM~, a GaMble CMenble O>K~AaH~H BOnnOLl.laiOTCH B >K~3Hb .

He xsaTaeT TOnbKO OAHOro - speMeH~ . H~'-ITO TaK He I..\9HHO

AnH HbiH9WH9rO 06Ll.I9CTBa, KaK H9CKOnbKO CB060AHbiX M~HyT.

l..JT06bl Ha~T~ napy n~WH~X MrHOBeH~~, COBpeMeHHbl~ 06~Ta

Tenb Meranon~ca paAyeTCH n1060~ B03MO>KHOCT~ ~36aB~TbC51 OT

yToM~TenbHbiX nosceAHeBHbiX Aen- spoAe MbiTbH ~ Hape3K~

39n9HbiX CanaTHbiX n~CTb9B , 6e3 KOTOpbiX CnO>KHO npeACTaB~Tb

ce6e 3AOposytO ~ c6anaHc~posaHHYIO A~eTy.


XpycTRI..Liafl 3eneHb ai1c6epra, Henpocmi1 BKyc noxo>Kero Ha

wm1HaT pOJiCTBeHH/1/Ka caeKnbt- MaH/OflbJia , 1113fii..LIHafl Tepn

KOCTb pyKKOflbl, opeXOBbte HOTK/11 KOpHa- «CanaTOBaf/» raMMa

6oraTa pa3Hoo6pa3/lleM orreHKOB. HacTOnbKO, '-ITO 3TIII n/1/cTO

Bbte OBOI..LI/11 nepecTanll16btTb acnoMoraTenbHbtM /1/HrpeJillleHTOM,

3aaoeaaa 3acny>KeHHOe npaao 111rpaTb nepay10 cKplllnKy a co

CTaBHbtX canarax- /1/fllll, cMewlllaaRCb IIPY' c IIPYIOM, 11aaaTb

HOBble, CMeflbte /II HeO>K/1/JiaHHbte BKYCOBbte CO<.feTaH/1/f/.

nepBbiM~ cTpacTbiO K 3eneHbiM canaTaM npoH~Kn~cb >K~Ten~

KOHT~HeHTanbHO~ Esponbl- CTOnbKO 3eneH~ s CTapoM CseTe,

Ka>KeTCH, noTpe6nHn~ n~wb so speMeHa P~MCKO~ ~Mnep~~ . P~M-

~

nsme 3anpasnflm1 m'ICTbs:l BI1HHbiM yKcycoM, a TO 11 sosce 6ynb

OHOM - cospeMeHHble esponei1l.lbl npe,qnoYI1TaiOT eMy ommKo

soe Macno, a BOT peecTp Cbe,Qo6HbiX Tpas 113MeHI1ncfl He cl1nbHO:

aHTI1YHbli1 M11p 3Han 11 pyKKony, 11 KOpH; nocne,QHI1i1 oco6eHHO

1..1eH11n11 BOI1Hbl-neri10Hepb1. l.JTO 113MeHI1nOCb - TaK 3TO cp11nO

COcp11s:l noTpe6neHI1s:l. Y HbiHeWHI1X esponei1cKI1X noKynaTenei1

s YeCTI1 y>Ke roTOBble K ynoTpe6neHI110, nope3aHHble 11 BbiMbiTble

canaTbll1 canaTHble CMeCI1. 3TOTTpeH,Q racTpOHOMI1YeCKOi1 MO,Qbl

np11XO,QI1T 11 B POCCI110 - He B nocne,QHIOIO OYepe,Qb 6naro,qaps:l

nO,QMOCKOBHOi1 KOMnaHI111 «6enafl ,[\aYa>>, nepsonpOXO,QLIY OTeYe

CTBeHHOro pbiHKa roTOBbiX 3eneHbiX canaTOB.

8 3HaMeHMTOM 6ynraKOBCKOM poMaHe «Macrep 11 MaprapMTa»

BonaHII noy<1aer rearpanbHOro 6ycjJeT4MKa CoKoaa , 4TO oce

TpMHbl «BTOpoilf CBe>KeCTl1» He 6b/BaeT- f/1160 CBe>KaR, f/1160

HeT. To >Ke caMoe MO>KHO cKa3aTb 11 o canarax. 3a rpM Tb/CR-

411 neT, 4TO 4eflOBe4eCTBO ynoTpe6nReT l1X B nMll.IY, OHO TaK

11 He npM!IYMano cnoco6a 11x KOHcepaal.jMM, 11 cae>KeCTb 6blna

l1 OCTaeTCR OCHOBHb/M !IOCTOMHCTBOM 3TOM He>KHOM MaTepl111.

l1 He>KHOCTb/0, l1 CBe>KeCTb/0 Moryr noxaacTaTbCR He TOflbKO CBe

>KeCOpBaHHble fll1CTbfl, HO l1 rQTOBble canaTbl OT «5enoilf,aa4l1».

LfT06bl noHRTb, KaK MM 3TO YllaercR, Mbl ompaaMnMCb Heno-

Cpe!ICTBeHHO Ha npOl13BO!ICTBO- B Ljexa, B KOTOpblX 3eneHble

fll1CTbfl npeapallia/OTCR B ynaKOBaHHY/0 npO!IYKLjM/0.

BO BCEX nOMELJ.1EHI151X 3ABOAA • 6EJ1A51 AAYA• XOnOAHO:

113 C006PA)KEHI1Vl MI1KP06110nOri1YECKOVl6E30nACHOCTI1

11 COXPAHHOCTI1 nPOAYKTA 3AECb nOAAEP)I(I1BAETC51 nOCT051HHA51

TEMnEPATYPA - HE BbiWE 4 "C.

nonas c10,qa, yyscTByewb ce6s:l rocTeM HayYHoi1 na6opaTop1111-

Ha npe,qnpl1s:lTI111 cepbe3HO 3a60Ts:lTCs:l 0 KaYeCTBe 11 MI1Kp06110-

nori1YeCKOi1 6e3onacHOCTI1 npO,QYKL11111, a noToMy, nepe,q TeM

KaK CTyni1Tb Henocpe,QCTBeHHO B 1..1ex, HaM npe,QCTOI1T nO,QrOTO

BI1TbCs:l . BpeMeHHO paccTaTbCs:l co sceMI1 yKpaweHI1s:lMI1- se,Qb

Konbl.IO 11n11 6pacneT c pyKI1 n106onbiTHOro KoppecnoH,QeHTa

MoryT 3anpocTo nonacTb scan aT. 06naYI1TbCs:l s cne1..111anbHbli1

Tennbli1 >KI1neT, TOnbKO YTO 113 npaYeYHOi1 (B 1..1exy XOnO,QHO) ,

O,QHOpa30Bbli1 xanaT 11 rOnOBHOi1 y6op - TOYHO TaKOi1 , KaKOi1

Ha,QeBaiOT X11pypr11, BXO,Qs:l B Onepal.II10HHYIO. 0YI1CTI1Tb 06yBb,

npoi1,Qfl no ,qopo>KKe, no,q KOTopoi1 HenpepbiBHO spall.laiOTCs:l

>KeCTKI1e 111eTKI1. lt1 HaKoHel.l, npoTflHYTb PYKI1 s csoeo6pa3Hble «YCTa 11CTI1Hbl>>, OTKy,Qa s na,QOHb noceTI1Tenfl na,qaeT xono,qHafl

Kannfl 6eCLIBeTHoro ,qe311Hcj:li11..111PYIOLl.lero renfl, nocne Yero Ha

annapaTe 3aropaeTcs:l 3eneHas:l pa3pewa10111as:l naMnOYKa. Te

nepb MO>KHO 6e3 onaCKI1 npoi1TI1 ,QanbWe - B CBs:lTas:l CBs:lTbiX,

Henocpe,QCTBeHHO B l.leX.

TOYHee, B O,QI1H 113 LleXOB -11X 3,QeCb ,QBa. 0,QI1H Ha3biBaeTCs:l

<<30HOi1 nOHI1>KeHHOrO p11CKa», 3,QeCb np011CXO,QI1T nepB11YHas:l

nepepa6oTKa canaToB 11 OBOLl.lei1, 11x npe,qsapi1TenbHas:l Moi1Ka, Hape3Ka. B ,qpyroM- <<30He noBbiWeHHoro pl1cKa>>- 3eneHble

(snpoYeM, 11 KpacHble, 11 opaH>KeBble) ,qapbl np11pO,Qbl MOIOTell.le

pa3, cywaT 11 ynaKOBbiBaiOT. KpoMe 1..1exos Ha npe,qnp11s:lTI111 ,qsa

CKna,qa- Cblpbs:l 11 rOTOBOi1 npO,QYKL11111 .

73

HA BKYC M I..IBET

CocraaneHMe KOMn03MI\MM M3 canaroa

M OBOU(eM - OC060e MCKyCCTBO Ha rpaHM

KynMHapMM, ljJnopMCTMKM M MKe6aHbl.

Tex, KTO nt06VIT OlljyTVITb BKYC AanbHVIX

CTpaHCTBVIi1 , nopaAYIOT 'leTblpe 3T10Aa

Ha reorpa<j:JVI'leCKVIe TeMbl. TepnKVIi1

apoMaT ltlcnaHVIVI BOnnOTVInCfl B MVIKCe

«AnVIKaHTe >>, COeAVIHVIBWeM ynpyrOCTb

canaTa ai1c6epr c KYAPfiBbiM Q:lpVIcce

VI 6eno-KpaCHbiM paAVI'l'lO. OpVIeHTanbHafl

CMeCb << 0KVIHaBa >> - CMeCb 3K30TVI'leCKVIX

canaTOB MVIL\YHa VI TaTL\OH C eBponei1l.\eM

MaHrOnbAOM . HocTanbrVIIO no conHe'lHOMY

AHIO B TOCKaHe nepeAaeT OAHOVIMeHHafl

KOMn03VIl.\VIfl Vl3 CanaTOB pOMaHO, <j:lpVICCe,

paAVI'l'lO VI KOpH . A ecnVI K poMaHO VI <j:lpVIC

ce A06aBVITb onaneHHbli1 6arpfiHL\eM

nonno pocco, nony'lVITCfl canaT c OKCVITaH

CKVIM aKL\eHTOM- << MOHnenbe >> .

<< Eienafl ,Qa'la•• 6opeTCfl co cTepeo

TVInoM 0 TOM , 'iTO 3eneHbli1 can aT- VIC

KniO'lVITenbHO lKeHCKafl nVIIJ..la . ,[\nfl

MylKeCTBeHHoi1 nonoBVIHbl 'lenoBe'leCTBa

3AeCb npVIrOTOBVInVI << MylKCKOi1 MVIKC >> Ha

OCHOBe KOpHa- He TOnbKO BKYCHOfO , HO

VI VICKniO'lVITenbHO none3Horo Anfl penpo

AYKTVIBHOi1 <j:lyHKL\VIVI .

CoeAVIHflfl 3eneHb c KOpHennoAaMVI ,

cne4V1anV1CTbl << Eienoi1 ,Qa'lVI >> nony'laiOT

opVIrVIHanbHble co'leTaHVIfl Anfl c6anaH

CVIPOBaHHoro nVITaHVIfl . <l>aBOPVITOM

nVIHVIVI << nonb3a BO BKyCe >> CTan OBOIJ..lHOi1

KOKTei1nb Vita Mix- VICTO'lHVIK lKVI3HeH

HOi1 CVInbl npVI MVIHVIMyMe KanopVIi1 . 8 HeM

MOpKOBb VI CBeKna OTTeHeHbl KVICnOTOi1

WnVIHaTa VI rop'lVIHKOi1 canara <j:lpVICCe.

EiOnbWVIHCTBO CanaTOB << Eienoi1 ,[\a'lVI >>

pac<j:laCOBaHbl Anfl ABOVIX, OAHaKO 3TO He

3Ha'lVIT, 'iTO HenpVIMVIpVIMble VIHAVIBVIAYa

nVICTbl OCTanVICb HVI C 'leM . 8 50-rpaMMO

BbiX ynaKOBKaX cepVIVI <<,[\nfl ce6fl ni06VIMO

ro/n106VIMOi1 >> rypMaHbl-3fOVICTbl Hai1AYT

TpVI MVIKCa: KOpH CO CBeKnOi1, MaHrOnbA

CO CBeKnOi1 VI neTHVIi1 << MecKnaH >> - CMeCb

nVICTbeB paAVI'l'lO, Q:lpVIcce VI nonno pocco .

TeM , KTO npeAnO'lVITaeT C06CTBeHHble

KynVIHapHble 3KCnepVIMeHTbl , KOMnaHVIfl

npeAnaraeT BHYWVITenbHYIO nVIHei1Ky

MOHOCanaTOB- a TaKlKe BbiMbiTbiX VI no

pe3aHHbiX OBOIJ..lei1 : MOPKOBVI , pen'laTOfO

nyKa VI CBeKnbl.


--

4T06bl CTaTb npOAYKTaM~ OT <<6enoiii .Qa'-1~ >>, Cblpbe- 5'1Ll\~

K~ C lK~3Hepa):lOCTH0-3eneHbiM~ canaTaM~, M9WK~-C9TK~

c KaprocpeneM ~ nyKoM, ryr~e KOYaHbl Kanycrbl , 60APO-pbllKa51

OCTpyraHHa51 MOpKOBb - AOCTaBn519TC51 B I..\9X <<nOH~lK9HHOrO

p~CKa>>. 0BOL1\~ Cbexan~Cb CIO):la He TOnbKO ~3 pocc~iiiCK~X pe

r~OHOB, HO ~ ~3 CTpaH EBpOnbl. reorpacp~51 nOCTaBOK M9H519TC51

B 3aB~C~MOCT~ OT C930Ha- neTOM 3):\9Cb 6onbW9 npOAYKI..\~~

pocc~iiicK~x cj:JepMepoB , 3~Moiii - ~MnopTHOiii . HeKOTOpble

co pTa canaToB- TaK~e KaK HelKHble 636~-n~cj:Jbl BPOAe KOpHa

~ pyKKOnbl- TOnbKO <<~HOCTpaHI..\bl». Ko BCeM nocTaBLl\~KaM

<<6ena5~.QaYa» npe):lb51Bn51eTlKeCTK~eTpe6oBaH~51 no KaYeCTBy.

COTPYAH~K~ npe):lnp~51T~51 peryn51pHo HaBell\aiOT napTHepoB,

onpe):len5151 , AOCTOiiiHbl n~ TO ~n~ ~Hoe none ~n~ Tenn~1..1a ne

CTOBaTb OBOLl\~ ):ln51 KOMnaH~~ -

8 1..\exax npe):lnp~51T~51 xonOAHO, wyMHO ~ BnalKHO - Yeno

BeKy 3):\9Cb He Cn~WKOM-TO YIOTHO, a BOT paCT9H~51M- CaM09

TO . 8 npOCTOpHbiX 3anax BbiC51TC51, C~5151 MaTOBbiM CTanbHbiM

6neCKOM, 6onbW~e COBp9M9HHbl9 MaW~Hbl. 0AH~ pelKyT cana

Tbl, ):lpyr~e n peBpall\aiOT OCTpb19 KOHYCbl MOpKOBK~ B aKKypaT

Hble nanoYK~. KaK KapTocj:JenbHble french fries, TOnbKO ropa3AO

6onee none3Hble . TpeTb~ cywaT canaTbl- An51 3Toro 3A9Cb

np~AyMan~ ABa pa3HbiX cnoco6a. 6onee KpenK~e co pTa, TaK~e

KaK poMaHo ~n~ aiiic6epr, cywaTc51 B 1..19HTp~cj:Jyrax, a pacTe

H~51-HelKeHK~ C ManeHbK~M~ n~CTO'-IKaM~ OTnpaBn5110TC51 Ha

n~H~~ ):len~KaTHoiii cywK~ . 4eTBepTble arperaTbl , noxolK~e Ha

ycTpeMn9HHbl9 BBbiCb HaKnOHHbl9 6aWH~, ):l03~py10T OBOLl\~ Ha

nOpl..\~~. OTM9p5151 ~3 6eCKOH9'-IHO 9AYL1\9iii no KOHBeiiiepy Cb9-

A06HOiii MaCCbl pOBHO CTOnbKO, CKOnbKO nOM9CT~TC51 B naKeT.

n51Tbl9- 3aH51Tbl ynaKOBKOiii npOAYKI..I~~ B TYT lKe cj:JopM~py10-

Ll\~9C51 ~3 pynoHa nneHK~ naKeTbl; 3TO npo~CXOA~T B OC06biX

nOM9Ll\9H~51X, r):\9 B03AYX Cn91..1~anbHO 069AH9H K~CnOpO):lOM,

'-IT06bl npen51TCTBOBaTb OK~Cn~TenbHbiM npOI..\9CCaM .

Cpe,t:111 8Cero 3TOro 6n11cTa101.1.1ero 11 wyMHoro 8eni1Konenl1fl 80

8Cex Hanpa8neHI1fiX npOTfiHYTbl neHTbl KOH8ei1epo8, C8fl3bl8a

I01.1.111X MaWI1Hbl, Ljexa 11 CKfla,[/bl. no O,[/HI1M neHTaM ,[/811)KeTCfl

.t:/YX0811Taf/ 0801.1.1Haf/ Macca , no .t:IPYrMM- y)Ke rDT08b/e naKe

Tbl. To TaM, TO 3,[/ecb ocyi..LieCT8flfi/OTCfl npo8epKa 11 Ha,[I30p.

Meranno,t:~eTeKTOpbl 30pKo cne,[lf/T 3a TeM, '-IT06bl 8 canaT He

nonano Hl1'-lero Merannl1'-leCKoro- Hanp11Mep, ,t:1eran11 o6opy

.t:/08aHI1fl. AHa nopore cKna,[la roT08oi1 npO.t:/YKLi1111 COTPY.t:/H11Lia

KOHTponep ,[/OCTaeT 113 Ka)K,[IOM napTI111 naKeT-,t:lpyroi1, '-IT06bl

y6e,[II1TbCfl , '-ITO TeMnepaTypa 8HYTPI1 ynaK08KI1 He npe8blwaeT

4 oc- TOM )Ke TeMnepaTypbl, '-ITO Ljap11T 8 Ljexax.

Bee :nanbl npo~3BOACTBa conpoBOlKAaeT KOMnbiOTep~3oBaH

Ha51 C~CT9Ma KOHTpOn51 Ka'-19CTBa, 60nbW~HCTBO onepa1..1~iii Ha

<<6enoiii .QaYe» aBTOMaT~3~pOBaHO, HOB o6pall\9H~~ C H9KOTO

pb1M~ OBOLl\aM~ Tpe6yeTC51 OC06a51 ):l9n~KaTHOCTb- a 3Ha'-I~T,

~ pyYHOiii TPYA· Oco6eHHO Kanp~3Hbl TOMaTbl - ~x ~ ynaKo

BbiBaTb np~XOA~TC51 BPYYHYIO, nepe):laBa51 ~M Tenno ~ 3a6oTy

YenoBeYecK~x pyK. BnpoYeM, 3a6oTa o coxpaHHOCT~ ~ KaYeCTBe

~ npOAYKI..I~~. 3a6oTa o noTpe6~Tene- 3TO TO, YeM HanonHeH

~ n106oiii npOAYKT npe):lnp~51T~51.

+ As~aKoMnaH~SI Emirates

~3MeH~na npas~na per~crpau~~

Ha see cso~ pe~Cbl - renepb

per~crpau~SI B asponopry 3aKaHY~

saercSI 3a Yac AO ompasneH~SI

CaMOJleTa, a He 3a 40 M~HyT, KaK

paHbWe. 8 COOTBeTCTB~~ C HOBbiM~

npas~naM~ naccalK~pbl, np~6biB

w~e Ha per~crpau~10 MeHee YeM

3a 60 M~HYT AO BbiJleTa, He 6YAYT

AOny~eHbl Ha 6opr.

+ CMSirYeH~e npas~n as~au~oHHO~ 6e30naCHOCT~ lKAeT pOCC~~

CK~X naccalK~pOB B 3TOM rDAY· PSIA

a3pOnOpTOB ylKe OTMeH~Jl~

06SI3aTeJlbHYIO npoueAYPY CHSIT~SI o6yB~ np~ AOCMOTpe. TaKlKe

C OCeH~, KaK OlK~AaeTCSI, B KpynHbiX

B03AYWHWXraBaHSIXCTpaHW

pa3pewar npoHoc~Tb Ha 6opr

CaMOJleTa lK~AKOCT~, 06beMOM

npeBbiWaiO~~e 100 M~JlJl~Jl~TpOB.

+ Ha ce30H omycKOB, c 9 ~IOHSI nO 29 CeHTS16pSI, ~TaJlbSIHCK~~

610AlKeTHbl~ aB~anepeB03Y~K

Meridiana fly orKpbiBaer pe~Cbl

~3 MOCKOBCKoro asponopra

AoMOAeAOBO B KanbSip~ ~ Onb6~10 .

+ OTKpbn~e HOBoro asponopra

6ep11~H-6paHAeH6ypr, KOTOpOe

AOJllKHO 6bl110 COCTOSITbCSI 3 ~IOHSI, OTKJlaAbiBaeTCSI nOYT~ Ha rDA, AO

Mapra 2013 roAa . 3ro peweH~e

aB~aU~OHHWXBJlaCTe~repMaH~~

MOlKeTnOB11eYb3aC060~0TMeHy

HeKoropbiX pe~cos. B YacrHocr~ -

HOBbiX AOnOJlH~TeJlbHbiX pe~COB

as~aKOMnaH~~ Lufthansa B MocKBy.

+ KoMnaH~SI «TpaHcaspo••

co6~paercSI HaYaTb perynSipHble

pe~Cbl ~3 asponopra BHyKOBO

B P~M, M~naH ~ BeHeU~IO. Ha nep

swxnopax«TpaHcaspo•6yAeT

o6cnylK~BaTb 3T~ MapwpyTbl

C YaCTOTO~ 2-5 pa3 B HeAe1110.

76 DISCOVERY M!OHb 2012

~rYACY 6E3 BO.O.bl

IlyTerneCTBeHHI1Kl1, C06Hpa!OI.Ql1eC51 B 6JIH)!{ai1:rnee BpeM.H B Epa3HJIHIO, Ap

reHTHHY HJIH ITaparBai1H rmaHHPYIOI.QHe

IIOCei.QeHHe BOAOIIaAOB Mryacy, AOJI)!{Hhi 6hiTh rOTOBhl K TOMy, qTO 3HaMeHHTOe

qyAO IIpi1pOAhl, BXOA51I.Qee B CIIHCOK

BceMHpHoro HacneAH51 IOHECKO,

He rropa3HT HX BeJIHqHeM. M3-3a AJIH

TeJihHOH 3acyxH 60Jihllii1HCTBO KaCKaAOB

rrepeCOXJIO l1 06beM BOAhl, e)!{eCeKyHAHO

rrpOXOA51I.QeH qepe3 BOAOIIaA, COKpaTHJI

C51 6onee qeM BTpoe, AO 450 Ky6oMeTpOB.

ITocJieAHHH pa3 IIOA06Hoe .HBJieHHe

6hiJIO 3acpHKCI1pOBaHO B 1978 rOAY· B 1982-M )!{e, Hao6opoT, B pe3yJihTaTe

rrpOAOJI)!{HTeJihHhiX AO)!{AeH MOI.Qh BOAO

IIaAa 6hiJia TaKOH orpOMHOH, qTo paAH

6e3orracHOCTH TYPHCTOB ero 3aKphiJIH

AJI51 IIOCei.QeHI151 Ha HeCKOJihKO HeAeJih.

nYTEWECTB&fiSI @mail.ru·

PEKOMEHAYIOT:

Y3HATb llErEHAY o 51Mai1cKHX PoMeo

l1 ,ll;)!{yJiheTTe: Ha IO)!{HOM rro6epe)!{he

oCTpoBa, p51AOM c ropOAKOM CaYT<l>HJIA, IIOCJie peKOHCTPYKI.\l1l1 OTKphiJiaCh CMO

TpOBa51 IIJIOI.QaAKa «Ilpbl)!{OK BJII06JieHHhiX>>. 3TO MeCTO Ha3BaHO B qeCTh rrapbl

BJII06JieHHhiX pa60B, KOTOphie rrpeAIIOq

Jil1 CMepTh pa3JiyKe, CIIphirHyB C Bh!COKO

ro yTeca B Mope.

nPOKATI!tTbCSI B XOrBAPTC - B IIOCB51-

I.QeHHhiH repo.HM KHHr ,ll;)!{OaH PoyJIHHr

rrapK pa3BJieqeHI1H, OTKphiBllii1HC51

B 30 KHJIOMeTpax OT JlOHAOHa Ha Tep -

nYBP 3D

HeAaBHO B JlyBpe rro.HBHJIHCh

3JieKTpOHHhie 3D-rHAhl, KOTOpbie

MoryT BOCC03AaBaTh TpexMepHbie

rrpoeKI.\l1l13KCIIOHaTOB. HOBHHKa

cTana pe3yJihTaTOM COTPYAHHqe

CTBa CO CIIei.\HaJIHCTaMH KOMIIa

Hl1l1 Nintendo, OAHOrO l13 JIHAe

poB B 06JiaCTI1l1HTepaKTI1BHhiX

pa3BJieqeHHH. fHA COAep)!{I1T

I1HcpOpMal.\l110 IIOKa 0 700 o6b

eKTaX (Bcero B IIOCT051HHOH3KC

II03l11.\l1l1 My3e51 HaXOAI1TC51 rroqTI1

60 Th!C5lq rrpeAMeTOB) . Y CTpOH

CTBO He TOJ!hKO rrpeAOCTaBJI5leT

BCIO I1HcpopMai.\HIO 0 TOM l1Jil1 HHOM 3KCIIOHaTe - OHO MO)!{eT

pa3pa6oTaTh I1HAI1BI1AYaJihHhiH TeMaTHqeCKHH MaprnpyT, IIOCB51-

I.QeHHhiH, HarrpHMep, ,ll;peBHeMy

EmrrTy HJIH caM hiM 3HaMeHHThiM

rneAeBpaM My3e51.

pi1TOpi1I1 Kl1HOCTYAI1I1 «JlHBeCAeH>>, rAe

CHHMaJIHCh cpHJihMhl 0 fappi1 IlOTTepe.

113 6pHTaHCKOH CTOJII11.\hl TyAa MO)!{HO

A06paThC51 3a 20 MHHYT rro )!{eJie3Hoi1

AOpore. EAHHCTBeHHOe, qero C03AaTeJII1

rrapKa IIOKa He rrpeAyCMOTpeJIH, - OT

rrpaBJieHHe B XorBapTc c BOK3aJia

KHHrc-Kpocc, rAe HeAaBHO rro.HBHJiach

IIJiaTcpOpMa HOMep 9%.

OTAOXHYTb OT Ll,lo1Bio1Jllo13ALI,Io11o1 B 3KO

OTeJie Forsthofgut, KOTOph!H HaXOAI1TC51

B aBCTpHHCKOH cpeAepaJihHOH 3eMJie

3aJih1.16ypr. ITocT051Jihl.\hi rrpH 3aceneHHH

no MECTAM «nPOMETESI»

C KaM,[Ib!M fO,[IOM BCe 60Jibiiie 11CJiaH,[IQeB

IIO,[IKJI!OqaeTOI K rrporpaMMe IIO pa3Mell.le

HI110 roCTeH CTpaHbl y ce6.H ,[IOMa. )1(11TeJI.HM

BynKaHI1qecKoro oCTpoBa eCTh Ha Koro

paBH.HTbC.H - CaM rrpe311,[1eHT l1CJiaH,[II111

Ona¢yp fp11MCCOH B cBoeft pe311,[1eHQ1111

IIp11HI1MaeT He TOJ!bKO IIOJII1TI1KOB CO BCero

cBeTa, HO 11 o6hrqHbiX TYPI1CTOB, yroll.la.H 11x

Tpa,1:111Q110HHb!MI111CJiaH,[ICK11M11 OJia,[lb.HM11.

B HOBOM Ce30He OC06oft IIOIIYJIHpHOCTbiO

y TYPI1CTOB, KaK OMI1,[1aeTc.H, 6y,~:~yT rroJib-

30BaTbCH BO,[IOIIa,[llJ:eTTI1¢occ (Bb!COTOH

44 MeTpa 11 caMbiH MOll.IHbiH B EBporre)

B HaQI10HaJihHOM rrapKe <<MOKYJihCayprJIIO

Byp>> 11 3HaMeHI1TbiH rpo3HbiH BYJIKaH feK

na - 11MeHHO B 3TI1X MeCTax P11.z:IJII1 CKOTT

CHI1MaJI B rrpOIIIJIOM ro.z:~y ¢aHTaCTI1qeCK11H

¢11JlbM «lJpoMeTei:f>>.

B fOCTI1HI1liY, pacrrOJIO)I(eHHYIO B Jiecy,

,[IQJI)I(Hbl C,[laTb BCe 3JieKTpOHHbie ra,[IMe

Tbl, a B HOMepax OTeJI.H HeT Hl1 TeJieBI130-

pa, Hl1 Tene¢oHa, HI111HTepHeTa.

nOKOPIIITb HESECA BO BpeM.H ¢ecTI1BaJI.H

B03.z:IYXOIIJiaBaHI1.H <<He6eCHa.H HpMapKa

Ypana>>, KOTOpbrH rrpoft,~:~eT B IIepM-

CKOM Kpae C 30 1110H.H IIO 71110JI.H. fOCTI1

rrpa3,[1HI1Ka CMOryT II03HaKOMI1TbC.H C pa3-

H006pa3Hb!MI1 cpe,l:ICTBaMI1 IIOKOpeHI1.H

B03.z:IYIIIHOH CTI1XI111, OT CKa3oqHoro KOB

pa -CaMOJieTa ,[10 COBpeMeHHb!X ,1:111p11Ma6-

JieH, 11 IIOJieTaTb Ha HeKOTOpb!X 113 HI1X.

Y>KACbl HA KOPA6J1E

TeMaTI1qecKI1e KPYI13hi B CIIIA

11 KaHa,~:~e Ha611pa10T rrorrynHp

HOCTb. 23 1110H.H 113 BaHKyBepa

Ha An.HcKy ompaBI1TCH nai1Hep

Zuiderdam, %e rrnaBaHI1e 6y,~:~eT

rrocB.HllleHo BaMrr11paM. Ha rrpo

T.HMeHI111 He,l:leJII1 fOCTeH )l(.z:IYT 6aJI

BaMII11pOB, KOHKypc Ha nyqiiii1H

KOCTIOM YIIblp.H, peTpOC!IeKTI1Ba

nyqiiii1X ¢11JlbMOB 0 KpOBOIII1H

l.laX. A 11 aBryCTa 113 HbiO-MopKa

CTapTyeT Kpy113, IIOCB.Hll.leHHb!H

Tp11nnepaM 113 cep1111 «I111Jia>>.

Cy,~:~Ho Carnival Glory ompaBI1TCH

B KaHa,[ICKI1e ropo,~:~a fan11¢aKC

11 CeHT-lJ:MoH, Ha era 6opTy 6y,~:~yT

aKTepbl, 11rpaBIIII1e B pa3Hb!X

¢11JlbMaX <<I111Jibl>>, KOTOpa.H Ha

Cqi1TbiBaeT yMe IIIeCTb cep11ft.

TAH~Miil BCTPETIIITb nPA3AHIIIK orHH

Ha Ky6e, KOTOpb!H B 3TOM ro.z:~y COBIIa,[laeT

c rrpoBe,~:~eHI1eM 3-9 11IOJIH Kap116cKoro

¢eCTI1BaJI.H. ~eHTp TOpMeCTB - ro-

pO,l:l CaHTb.HfO-,[Ie-Ky6a, OCHOBaHHb!H

B 1514 ro.z:~y, Ha HeCKOJ!bKO ,[\Heft rrpeBpa

TI1TC.H B C!IJIOIIIHYIO apeHy ,[IJI.H pa3BJieqe

HI1H: rOCTeH M.z:IYT TaHQbi, TeaTpaJII130-

BaHHbie rrpe,l:ICTaBJieHI1.H 11 OrHeHHbie IIIOy.

3A6POHIIIPOBATbCBOEnY~WEE

nYTEWECTBIIIE

Bnacn1 <!>PI BbiCKa-3an~cb 3a BBeAeH~e

nocT051HHOro norpa-H~YHoro KOHTpOn51 MelKAY CTpaHaM~ WeHreHcKoro cornaweH~51.

lpaH~l.lbl BHYTP~ Esponbl ~HOrAa <<3aKpbiBaiOTC51>> no oco6oMy pacnop51lKeH~IO snacTe~ TO~ ~n~

~Ho~ cTpaHbl. nocneAH~~ pa3 3TO 6bmo c 28 anpenfl no 4 Ma51

HbiHeWHerO rOAa, KDrAa ~cnaH~51 BBena pelK~M AOCMOTpa Ha CBO~X rpaH~l.laX B CB513~ C 3aCeAaH~eM B 6apcenoHe Espone~cKoro l.leHTpanbHoro 6aHKa. 0AHaKO CTORb

rpOMKOe 3a51BneH~e 0 BBeAeH~~ norpaHKOHTpOn51 Ha nOCT051HHO~ OCHOBe np03ByYano B WeHreHe snepBble.

CTpaHbl- yYaCTH~l.lbl

WeHreHCKoro corna

weH~51 OCTaiOTC51 BepHbl Kypcy Ha OTKpbiT~e AOnOnH~TenbHbiX B~30BbiX l.leHTpOB B pa3n~YHbiX per~oHax Pocc~om. B Ka3aH~

HaYan~ pa6ory npeACTaB~TenbCTBa WBel.l~~ ~ Hopser~~ (wBeACK~~ B~30Bbl~ l.leHTp OTKpb1RC51

TaKlKe B Hosoc~6~pcKe), a B CoY~ OTHbiHe cj>yHKL.l~OH~pyeT ~cnaHCK~~ B~30Bbl~ l.leHTp.

BnacT~TYPLI~~H~KaK

He MOryT onpeAen~TbC51 CO CpOKOM 6e3B~-

30BOrO npe6biBaH~51 pOCC~~CK~X Typ~CTOB Ha Tepp~TOp~~ CTpaHbl. HeAaBHO 3TOT cpoK 6bm coKpa

~eH BABOe, AO 30 AHe~, HO Te

nepb CHOBa ysen~YeH AO ABYX MeCfll.leB. Ha 3TOT war Typel.IK~~ M~A. sepo51THO, 3acTaB~n no~T~

TOT cj>aKT, YTO MHOr~e o6ecneYeHHble Typ~CTbl, KOTOpble np~BbiKR~

OTAbiXaTb Ha MOpe no 2-3 MeC51-l.la, B ~TOre ,[In 51 CBO~X KaH~Kyn Bbl6pan~ 6e3B~30BYIO Ha neTH~~ nep~OA XopsaT~IO .

77

"'EWCKASI PECnY5JU1KA - rocyAapcTBo, pacno~olKeHHOe B L(eHTPMbHO~ Espone. lpaH~4~T c lepMaH~e~ , no~bwe~, AsCTp~e~

~ C~OBaK~e~ , BbiXOAa K MOpiO He ~MeeT .

~ IOCY,QAPCTBEHHbiH CTPOH: nap~aMeHTCKa~ pecny6~~Ka

rnABA rOCY,QAPCTBA: npe3~AeHT BaL.VlaB K~ayc

CTOJU11..1A: npara

HACEnEHIIIE: 10,562 M~H 4e~oseK

rOCY,QAPCTBEHHbiH Sl3biK: 4ewcK~~

rnABHbiE nPA3,QHIIIKIII: AeHb socCTaHos~eH~~ 4ewcKOro rocyAapcTBa ~ HOBbl~ rDA - 1 ~HBap~ nacxa - no l.lepKOBHOMY Ka~eHAapiO AeHb TPYAa - 1 Ma~ AeHb no6eAbl - 8 Ma~ AeHb cs~TbiX K~p~~~a ~ Me<jloA~~ - 5 ~10~~ AeHb 51Ha lyca - 6 ~10~~ AeHb rocyAapcTseHHOCT~ - 28 ceHT~6p~ AeHb He3as~c~MOCT~ - 28 OKT~6p~ AeHb 6opb6bl 3a cso60AY ~ AeMoKpaT~IO -17 H0~6p~ Co4e~bH~K - 24 AeKa6p~ PolKAeCTBO - 25 AeKa6p~ AeHb cs~Toro CTe<jlaHa - 26 AeKa6p~

BAniOTA: 4eWCKa~ KpOHa (1 CZK = 1,57 py6.)

KAK ,Q05PATbCSI: pery~~pHble pe~Cbl ~3 MoCKBbl B npary OCyll\eCTB~~IOT as~aKOMnaH~~ «A3po<jl~OT» ~ CSA Czech Airlines

B!I13A: HYlKHa

ffi DISCOVERY nnAHETA 3EMn~

E):IBa JIH He B mo6oM ropo):le EBpOIThi Bhi

06Hapy)I(HTe He3aMbiCJIOBaTbie Ha3BaHJil5!

<<CTapbiM ropo):l>> H <<HOBhiM ropo):l~. IIpary

)l(e OTJIJilqaeT TO, qTo B HeM CJIJiiJIJiiCb l.leJibiX

IT.HTh TaKHX cTaphiX ropo):IOB- CTape Me

CTO, HoBe MeCTo, Bhiiiierpa):l, MaJia CTpa

Ha H fpa):lqaHhi.

IlyTeiiiecTBHe ITO II pare raJioiToM He ):IO

cTaBHT y):loBOJihCTBH.H. 3TO ropo):l HHoro

ypoBH.H ITOHHMaHH.H, HM HY)I(HO HacJia)l(

):laThC.H HeCIIeiiiHO, B):lyMq.JiiBO Jil ITpOHHK

HOBeHHO. BaM Ha):IJie)I(JiiT C):leJIHKaTHOCTbiO

fOCT.H Jil ycep):IHeM yqeHJiiKa 3aTep.HTbC5!

B Jia6HpHHTaX ero yJioqeK - CTapHHHbiX,

MOll.leHhiX, CJIOBHO ITpOpHCOBaHHbiX yMe

JIOM pyKoM Ha BJia)I(HOM TyMaHHOM cyM

paKe. A MO)I(eT, C03):1aHHhiX BaiiiHM co6-

CTBeHHhiM B006pa)l(eHJileM? B BeqepHHM

qac, KOf):la CTJiiXaeT cyeTa, B):IOJib ):IOMOB

ITOJI3YT TeHH, pa36y)l(eHHhie cyMepKaMH,

Jil ropO):I BHOBb OT):IaH BO BJiaCTb JiiCTJiiHHbiM

X035IeBaM - BeJIJiiKJiiM ITpH3paKaM CBOero


1. nPA>KCKitiC1 rPA,Q 6blflltl OCTAETC;!

PE3iti.[\EHL(ItiEC1 YEWCKitiX nPABitiTEJlEC1

2. KPOXOTHbiE.[\OMitiKiti3JlATOC1 YflltiYKitl

BCTPOEHbl BAPKitl KPEnOCTHOC1 CTEHbl

3. HA BXO.[\E B nEPBbiC1.[\BOP nPA>KCKOrD

rPA.QA YCTAHOBJlEH nOYETHbiC1 KAPAYJl

MHoroBeKoBoro ITPOIIIJioro. KaKoM6hi ITYTh

Bbl HJil Bbi6paJIJil B ITpa)I(CKOM Jia6HpHHTe,

OH BCe paBHO ITpHBe):leT K ropO):ICKJiiM TaM

HaM, yroTOBaHHbiM JIJilqHo ):IJI.H BaC.

A,li;AMUEBA PaHo HJIH IT03):1HO Bhi oKa)l(eTecb B caMoM

cep):ll.le CTaporo ropo):la - Ha CTapoMeCT

CKOM ITJIOll.la):IH y ITO):IHO)I(Jii.H ):IByx6aiiieH

Horo KOCTeJia ,[(eBhi Map.HH ITepe):l Tb!HOM.

E):IHHCTBeHHhiM H3 roTJilqecKHX ITpa)I(CKHX

xpaMOB, coxpaHHBIIIHM CBOM ITepB03):1aH

HhiM o6JIHK Jil He ITO):IBepraBIIIJiiMC.H 6apoq

Hh!M ITepecTpOMKaM, OH BhlfJI.H):IJiiT KaK

cKa3oqHhiM3aMOK. B Hapo):le ero HeMHoro

pa3Hble ITO IIIHpHHe 6aiiiHJil, B03):1BJilrHYTbie

B Haqane XVI BeKa, Ha3hiBaiOT At~aMOM

M EBOM. B03MO)I(H0, K 3TOMY tiYXOBHOMY

M 3HepreTuqeCKOMY ~eHTpy ropot~a BaC

BhiBet~eT ynoqKa c ra30BhiMM <PoHap.H

MM, OCBelllaBIIIMMll ee eme ,'10 ITO.HBJieHM.H

3JieKTpuqeCTBa, MJIM ITapH)I(CKa.H ynu~a

C CaMh!Mll <PeiiieHe6eJihHh!Mll ,'IOMaMM

M Mara3HHaMH. l1nu Bhi M36epeTe MHO :if -

y3eHhKllM, HO )l(llBOITllCHhiM ITepeyJIOK ...

B JII060M CJiyqae, Bh!M,'I.H Ha ITJ!Oilla,'lh, Bhl

omyTMTe KpacOTy M tiYX t~peBHOCTM.

0TCIO,'Ia ITpeKpaCHO BM,'IeH ITO,'ICBe

qeHHhiM CMJIY3T Ha XOJIMe Ha,'l ropo

,'IOM - CJIOBHO BhiTKaHHhiM Ha HOqHOM

He6e IT pa)I(CKM:il: fpat~. 3t~ech, rt~e Bee

ITPOITMTaHO B03t1YXOM Cpet~HeBeKOBhH,

Boo6pa)l(eHue pa3hirphmaeTCH oco6eHHO

6e3yt~ep)I(HO. CaMhie t~peBHMe cTpoeHM.H

fpat~ ITp.HqeT - 3a 6pocKMMM <Pacat~aMH

pOKOKO, llCITOJIHeHHh!Mll ITO KaiTpH3Y

MMITepaTpH~hi Mapuu Tepe3HM B cepe

tiMHe XVIII BeKa, 3a <PanhiiiMBO:il: roTM

Ko:il: ITOCTpoeHHoro H03e<PoM Mo~KepoM B XIX CTOJieTMM 3aiTat~Horo <Pacat~a co6opa

CB.HToro BuTa. Bo3Bet~eHHhiM KaK CMMBOJI

rocyt~apCTBa, xpaM CTaJI ychmaJihHM~eM:

6oreMCKMX KOpOJie:if M ITpa)I(CKllX eiTM

CKOITOB, xpaHHJ!MilleM KOpOHa~MOHHhiX

peraJIHM qeiiiCKMX MOHapxOB

M o6'beKTOM caMoro t~onroro B EBpoiTe roTuqecKoro cTpo

MTeJihCTBa - ITpOeKT 6hiJI 3a

tlyMaH C TaKMM pa3MaXOM, qTo

ero peanu3a~MH pacT.HHynach

ITOqTu Ha 600 neT M 3aBepum

nach JIMIIIh B 1920-e.

Eyt~hTe HaqeKy: fpat~ oKy

ThiBaeT ITpOIIIJioe BhltlyMaH

Hh!Mll JiereH,'IaMM, KaK 6yt~TO

eMy Mano HaCTO.HIIIMX. Ho ecnu

OH ,'IOBepHTCH BaM, TO IT03BO

JIMT ITpHKOCHYThCH K ITO,'IJIMH

HOCTH. I103TOMY ITpo6epHTeCh

B BeqepHHM fpa,'l, ITpHrJI.H,'Ill

TeCh M ITpucnyiiia:il:TeCh. BOT

ITpet~cKa3aTeJihHM~a cyt~e6, CO)I()I(eHHaH Ha KOCTpe llHKBll3ll~llll

B XVI BeKe, BhiiiiJia ITporyn.HThCH ITO eTa

pHHHo:il: 3JiaToif ynuqKe. HeKort~a 3,'\eiii

HMe KBapTHpKH 3aHHMaJIM JII060IThiTHhie

JIIO,'Ill: ITap<PIOMephl, IOBeJIHphl, XYtiO)I(

HllKll M aJIXMMMKM, )l(a)I(,'IYIIIMe pa3ra,'laTh

Ta:il:Hy <Punoco<PcKoro KaMH.H.

fycTaB Ma:il:pHHK B poMaHe « foneM >>

ITMCaJI: «CymecTByeT CTapHHHa.H JiereH,'Ia

o TOM, qTo TaM HaBepxy, Ha ynu~e AJIXMMM

KOB, CTOMT ,'\OM, Bll,'IHhiM TOJ!hKO B TyMaHe,

,'Ia M TO TOJihKO cqaCTJIMB~aM. 0H Ha3biBa

eTC.H <<,'10M ITOCJie,'IHero <PoHapH~. TOT, KTO

,'\HeM 6bJBaeT TaM, Bll,'lllT TOJihKO 60JihiiiOM

cephiif KaMeHh, 3a HMM - KpyTo:il: o6phiB

M rny6oKHM OJieHHM pOB>>. IlpOXO)I(llM ,'IOJI

)I(eH (qllTaTh cqaCTbeM, eCJIM HOqhiO, Be,'IO

Mh!M ITpH3paKaMM, He ct~enan IIIara t~aJihiiie:

OH yiTaJI 6bi M ITepeJIOMaJI BCe KOCTM.

EcJIM cBepHyTh Ha ynu~y Munocept~

HhiX M BfJI.H,'IeThCH BO ThMy, MO)I(HO YBM

,'IeTh, KaK y ITOpora CTapHHHOM MaCTep-

CKOM ITOCJie )l(apKOfO ,'IH.H OT,'IhiXaeT CeMh.H

CTeKJIOtiYBOB, 6epe)I(HO xpaHHIIIMX CBO:il:

xpyCTaJihHhiM CeKpeT, ITepe,'laiOIIIMMCH

OT OT~a K ChiHy.l1MeHHO Ha 3TMX 3eMJI.HX

ITpa)l(cKoro fpat~a , 6oraThiX qucThiMM ITe

cKaMM M rycThiMH necaMH, eme B XIII BeKe

ITO.HBMJIMCb ITepBhie CTeKOJihHhie MaCTep

CKMe- YITOMMHaHHH 0 HMX B ,'lpeBHMX ,'10-

KyMeHTaX ITO,'ITBep)l(,'laiOTC.H paCKOITKaMM.

B 3TO:il: MaCTepcKo:il: XV CTOJieTM.H ITO

ceil: ,'leHh MO)I(HO Ha6JIIO,'IaTh, KaK C03,'1aBa

JlllCh BHTpa)l(ll ,'IJIH co6opa CBHTOfO BMTa,

a 3a OT,'IeJihHYIO ITJiaTy <<C06CTBeHHOpyqHo

ITpHITO,'IH.HTh 3aBecy TaMHhl>> M ll3fOTOBllTh

ITpOCTeHhKYIO 6e3,'1eJiyiiiKY.

CB.HThiE KAPJIOBA MOCTA Y qexoB, KaK M y pyccKMX, oco6oe oT

HOIIIeHue K pO,'IHOM JIMTepaType. Ee rop

,'IOCTh - 5IpocnaB faiiieK M Kapen l.J:aiTeK,

B COBepiiieHCTBe BJia,'leBIIIMe MCKYCCTBOM

peaJIMCTllqHOfO OITMCaHH.H M TOHKHM IOMO

pOM, - o6a JII06MJIM ITporyJIMBaThC.H ITO

cTapHHHhiM ynoqKaM ropot~a.l1 o6a c pa3-

HM~e:il: B ,'leC.HTHJieTMe CM)l(MBaJIM B Ka<Pe

«MOHMapTp~, qTo HeiTO,'IaJieKy OT COBpe

MeHHOM CTaH~llll MeTpO «MycTeK>>. B Te

BpeMeHa (KaK M TeiTepb) OHO 6hiJIO JII0-

6MMeMIIIllM MeCTOM ITpa)I(CKOM 6oreMhl.

AOCbE DISCOVERY

CTAPOrOPOACKOE KOnb-1...10 - TaK npa)l(aHe Ha3biBaiOT

npa)I(CK~i:i rpap, ~ np~Mb1Ka

IOL11YIO K He My rpap,4aHCKYIO

nno~aAb. 3TO OA~H ~3 CaMbiX

ApesH~x ~ 3Ha4~MbiX pai:ioHos

4eWCKOi:1 CTO!l~L\bl, B03H~KW~i:1

B XII BeKe. 3acTpoi:1Ka npa)I(CKoro

rpaAa senacb s Tp~ :nana, 6blll~

nocTpOeHbl Tp~ «ABOpa», COeA~

HeHHble Me)I(Ay co6oi:1. CeroAH5l

~X yKpaWaiOT GaMble ~3BeCTHble

~CTOp~4eCK~e naM5lTH~K~:

~3 nepsoro ABopa 4epe3 MaT~a

weBbl BOpOTa BXOA5lT BO BTOpoi:i

ABOp, rAe pacnOilO)I(eHbl HOBbli:i

ABO pel\~ nbB~Hbli:i QJOHTaH,

Aanee - co6op Cs5lToro B~Ta ,

rnasHa5l AOCTonp~Me4aTellb

HOCTb TpeTbero ABOpa. Apx~

TeKTypHbli:i KOMnlleKC 06paMileH

CaAaM~, o6pa3yiO~~M~ KO!lbl.\0,

OTAei15liO~ee npa)I(CK~i:i rpaA

OT OCTaJlbHOrO rOPOAa.

81

3TO Kacl>e 3HaMeHifTO TeM, qTO ITO,!Ipyra

ITy6mn.(I1CTa 3roHa Kmrra, 3Mqa PeBomo-

111151 (HaCTOHII.(ee 11MH AHHa lJaQKa), B Ha

qaJie XX BeKa BMecTe c ocl>111111aHTOM ITO

ITp03BI1II.\Y faMJieT cTaHQeBaJia 3,!1ecb ITep

Boe B II pare TaHro. Cero,!IHH 3aBcer,!laTal1

<<MOHMapTpa>>- TBopqecKaH MOJIO,!Ie)Kb,

11HTeJIJII1feHTHhie CTap11qK11, - 11, pa3yMe

eTCH, ITp113paKI1 ITpOIIIJIOfO. 0HI1 pa36pe

.!IYTCH ITO ,!I yTpO.

ITo 6epery q11HHO TeKyll.(eii BJITaBbi

y 3,!1aHI1H rop,!IOCTI1 qewcKoro Hapo,!la -

HaQ110HaJihHOfO TeaTpa, B OCHOBaHI1e

KOTOpOrO 3aJIO)I(eH KaMeHb, BbiJIOMaHHbiM

113 ropbi P)I(11IT ( Ml1cl>l1qecKoro )1(11JII1II.\a

ITpaoTQa 'Iexa),- HeciTeiiiHO BhiiiiamBaeT

HOTbl caMhiMI13BeCTHbiM B M11pe qeiiiCKI1M

KOMIT0311Top AHTOHI1H ,/J;Bop)l(aK. OH cJiy

)1(11JI B 3TI1X CTeHaX HeMaJiyiO qaCTb CBOeM

)1(113HI1, aero MY3hiKa HaiTOJIHHJia MaCCI1B

Hbie CBO,!Ibl, ITp11MeTHbJe 11 CO CMOTpOBOM

ITJIOII.(a,!IKI1 fpa,!lqaHCKOM ITJIOII.(a,!ll1, 11 CO

CTapoMeCTcKoii paTywl1, ITPI1 B3fJIH,!Ie

C KOTOpOH .!IYX 3aXBaTbJBaeT OT MHO)I(e-


CTBa KpaCHb!X Kpb!III. B CTp011TeJibCTBe

TeaTpa yqacTBOBaJI BeCh qeiiiCKI1M Hapo,!l,

a ero TPI1YMci>aJihHOe OTKpb!TI1e COCTOH

JIOCb B 1881 fO,!Iy OITepofl ell.(e O,!IHOfO ITpO

CJiaBJieHHOfO qexa - Ee,!lp)I(11Xa CMeTaHbJ.

IIozo6apu6mom, ttmo 3mom KOMno3umop nocJle penemuu,uii ttacmo uteJl oOHUM u meM JKe nymeM, HaneBafl HOBble uteoeBpbl.

Oco6o qyTKI1e ITepcoHbi 11 cero,!IHH 3a ry

JIOM ,!IHH MOfYT paCCJibiiiiaTh OT,!IeJihHhie

HOTbl ITO ,!I apKaMI1 ITepeiTJieTaiOII.(I1XCH aJI

Jief! CTaporopo,!ICKoro KOJibQa 11JII1 Ha Kap

JIOBOM MOCTy, CaM OM KpaCI1BOM 113 CTapbiX

ITeiiieXO,!IHbiX MOCTOB EBpOITbl.

Ha HeM, o6pa3yH BeJII1KOJieiTHYIO

xy,!IO)I(eCTBeHHYIO raJiepeiO ITO,!I OTKpbi

TbiM He60M, paCITOJI0)1(11JII1Cb 30 CTaTyfl

CBHThiX. Cpe,1111 HI1X - cl>11rypa 5IHa He

ITOMYQKoro (OK. 1350-1393), y611Toro

pa303JieHHhiM KopoJieM BaQJiaBoM IV B 1393 fO.!IY 11 KaHOHI1311pOBaHHOfO

B XVIII BeKe. EJiarop0,!1Hhii15IH He Bhi,!IaJI

1. BPT60BCK\IIVI CAA 6b1Jl BOCCTAHOB

JlEH B 1990-X rDAAX B MAKC\1\MAJlbHO

nP\116Jl\II>KEHHOM K OP\1\r\1\HAJlY B\1\AE

2. 6APEJlbE<!> HAnbEAECTAJlECTATY\11

~HA HEnOMYI..\KOrD

3. <!>PArMEHT AEKOPA CTAPOMECTCKOVI

PATYW\11

peBHI1BOMY cyiTpyry TaMHY 11CIIOBe,!ll1 KO

poJieBhl. OH 6hiJI ITO,!IBeprHyT IThiTKaM, Ho

TaK 11 He ITPOI13Hec Hl1 e,1111Horo CJIOBa. He

ITpeKJIOHHOMY CBHTOMY HeT ITOKOH 11 ITO

CJie CMepT11 - O,!IHO 113 ITOBep11H rJiaCI1T,

qTQ, eCJII1 ,!IOTpOHYTbCH ,!10 ITO,!IH0)1(1151 ero

CTaTy1111 3ara,!laTh )l(eJiaHI1e, OHO HeiTpe

MeHHO c6y,11eTCH. A ell.(e MO)I(HO y3HaTh

BCe COKpOBeHHbie TaMHbl CBOefl )l(eHbl.

11 CY.!IH ITO TOMY, KaK 6JieCTHT OTITOJI11pO

BaHHbJe 6apeJibeci>hi, CTpa)I(,!IYII.\11X 11 JII0-

60ITbiTHbiX MHOfO 11 ITO cefl ,!leHh.

IT p11KJia,!lhiBaJI JII1 CBOIO ,!111p11)1(epcKyiO

pyKy K 3TI1M 6apeJibecl>aM CMeTaHa? 3Toro

Mbl He Y3HaeM, HO O,!IHO HCHO OITpe,!leJieHHO:

OH TaK BITeqaTJII1JICH BeJII1qaBbiM Moryqi1M

TeqeHI1eM BJITaBhl, qTQ ITOCBHTI1JI efl O,!IHO

HMeHHYIO CI1Mci>OHI1qeCKyiO IT03My, CaMOe

ITpeKpaCHoe 113 CBOI1X ITp0113Be,!leHI1i1.

XO,ll; BPEMEHU ECJm: BaM B KOHI-Ie KOHQOB IIOKa)l{eTCH,

'ITO BCIO Ilpary Bbl 113Y'IHJ!Jil B~OJ!b Jil IIO

rrepeK, a BIIe'laTJieHHH Bee e111e He~ocTaeT,

OTIIpaBJIHHTeCb B MeCTe'IKO KyTHa-fopa

B 60 KJiiJIOMeTpax OT npa)I{CKHX OKpaHH -

He60JibiiiOH ropo~OK, H3BeCTHbiH MeCTO

pO)I{~eHHHMJil cepe6pa H HeKoma HBJIHB

IIIHHCH cpHHaHCOBhiM QeHTpoM qexHH.

fJiaBHaH ero ~OCTOnpHMe'laTeJibHOCTb

KJia~6H!lleHCKHH roTH'IeCKHH KOCTeJI Bcex

CBHTbiX.

3~ecb HeT 3anaxa na~aHa H MepQaHHH

CBe'leH, 3aTO KpOBb CTpaHHO 3aMHpaeT

B 3TOM QapCTBe <1)1{H3HH C OCTaHOBHB

IIIHMCH cep~Qe6HeHHeM>>, KaK fOBOpHJI

KacpKa. C XIII BeKa, Kor~a 3~ecb pacceHJIH

111enOTKY 3eMJIJil C foJirOcpbl, 3Ta MeCTHOCTb

C'IHTaJiach CBHToi1:. IloToM 6hiJIH 3nH~eMHH

'~YMhi B 1348-1355 ro~ax, BOHHhi rycH

TOB, HapO~Hbie BOJIHeHHH, Jil BCe 3TO JierJIO

TH)I{KHM 6peMeHeM Ha O~HO MaJieHbKOe

KJia~6H!lle. qT06bi OHO He paCIIIHpHJIOCb,

npHXO~HJIOCb Bb!rpe6aTb H3 3eMJIH CTapbie

CKeJieTbl H CKJia~hiBaTb B KOCTeJI.

B 1784 ro~y3TH3eMJIHYMOHapiiiei1:~HHaCTHH ra6c6yproB OTKynHJIO ~BOpHHCKOe

ceMeifcTBO lliBapQeH6eproB. He 3HaH, 'ITO

~eJiaTb C rpy~aMH KOCTeif, OHH nonpOCH

JIH <l>paHTHIIIeKa PHHTa, MaCTepa pe3h6hi

no ~epeBy, 'ITO-TO npH~yMaTb. PHHT c no

MO!llhiO XJIOpHOH H3BeCTH O'IHCTHJI CKeJie

Tbl H CMaCTepHJI H3 HHX rep6 3aKa3'1HKa,

orpOMHbie Ba30Hbl H JIIOCTpy, B KOTOpOH

HCI10Jib30BaHbl BCe HMeiO!liJileCH B 'leJIOBeKe

KOCTH. Ha 3Typa6oTy y Hero YIIIJIH ocTaHKH

40 ThiCH'I 'leJioBeK - 3TO H He y~HBHTeJih

HO, Be~b MHOfJile COCTOHTeJibHbie JIIO~Jil H3

OKpeCTHbiX CTpaH 3aBelllaJIH, 'IT06bi JiiX XO

pOHJiiJIH 3~ecb. BpH~ JIH OHH MorJIH npe~

cTaBHTb CTOJ!b TBOp'leCKOe npHMeHeHHe

CBOHM CKeJieTaM. BaTHKaH HaCTaHBaeT Ha

TOM, 'IT06hi 3aKpbiTh KocTHHI.IY ~JIH Bce

o6111ero o6o3peHHH, HO qeiiiCKaH QepKOBb

YTBep)l{~aeT, 'ITO Bee 3TH yKpaiiieHHH

CHMBOJI no6e~bl )I{H3HH Ha~ CMepTbiO.

Mcnbzma6 HeOOH03HattHble 3Mou,uu u 6ep

HY6UJUCb 6 Ilpazy, 6bl Hano;mumecb co6ceM UHblMU tty6cm6aMU, ecJZu 3a6peoeme 6 ooHy U3 MHozottuCJZeHHblX KYKOllbHblXJZa6oK. IlpuCMOmpumCCb; 6ymatjJOpCKUC oymuMapUOHCmOK OJICU6aJOm, KOlOa K HUM npumpa2U6a

emcfl tteJZo6ettecKafl pyKa.

EcJIH 3axo'leTcH 3CTeTHKH H no3HTHBa, oT

rrpaBJIHi1:Tecb Ha rrpe~CTaBJieHJile IIOIO!liJiiX

Kp)I{H)I{JiiKOBbiX cpOHTaHOB. OHO ~JIJiiTCH

QeJibiH '13C, H pa3HOQBeTHbie MO!liHbie

cTpyH BO~hi, BblllHCbiBaiO!liHe B TeMHOTe

caMhie HeBoo6pa3HMhie cpHrypbi no~ Be

JIH'IeCTBeHHYIO MY3hiKY BaHreJIHCa HJIH

lliOCT3KOBH'I3, no~apHT B3M He3a6biB3e

MOe Bne'laTJieHHe. Oco6eHHO 3TO KpacHBO

II03~HJiiM Be'lepOM.

O!llyTHTe xo~ BpeMeHH - nocToi1:Te no~

ACTpoHOMH'IeCKHMH qacaMH y ropo~cKoi1:

paTyiiiH H OC03H3HTe, 'ITO 3TOT MeXaHH3M

pa60TaeT y)l{e 6oJiee 600 JieT! HJIH noce

THTe e111e O~HY ~HKOBHHKY Ilpam - ee

KopoJieBCKHH ca~. pa36HTbii1: - TOJibKO

npe~CT3BbTe - B 1534 ro~y. 3K30TH'IeCKHe

QBeTbl H ~epeBbH yKpaiii3IOT ero C MOMeH

T3 OCHOB3HHH. 20 f0~3MH n03)1{e, KOr~a

TypeQKHH nOCOJI npHBe3 B ~ap KOpOJIIO

qexHH <l>ep~HHaH~Y I HeB3pa'1Hbie JIYKO

BH'IKH, napK H3BO~HHJ!Jil TIOJibn3Hbl. 3~eCb

OHH 33QBeJIH H3 ~Ba ~eCHTHJieTHH paHbiiie,

'leM CT3JIH H3BeCTHbl B fOJIJI3H~HH.

B Ilpare Boo6111e HeBepoHTHO MHoro

BCero QBeTy!llefO - 3eJieHH, TeHJiiCTbiX

napKoB, npoxJia~HbiX CKBepoB. Becb ro

po~ CJIOBHO HanOJIHHeT 3eJieHbiH TYM3H.

OH oKpy)l{aeT cypoBbie ropo~cKHe cTeHbi,

noCTeneHHO cry!llaHCh B 6yi1:Hbie Jieca

EoreMHH. Ha~ KpoHaMH MHoroBeKOBbiX

~epeBbeB T3M Jil CHM B03Bb!III3IOTCH p33HO

QBeTHbie 6aiiiHH cpe~HeBeKOBbiX 33MKOB.

CTapaH EBporra rop~HTCH HMH, CJIOBHO Ha

QHOH3JibHbiM ~OCTOHHHeM, BOCneB3H JiiX

T3JiiHCTBeHHYIO MO!llb H Hanpo'lb 3a6biB3H

06 HX KOB3pHOM H KpOB3BOM TIOpeMHOM

rrpOIIIJIOM.

3TH HerrpHCTynHbie KpenOCTH H3 OTBeC

HbiX CKaJiaX, C H3CTOpO)I{eHHO O!lleTHHJiiB

IIIJiiMHCH 6aiiiHHMH, C o6pbiB3IO!liJiiMHCH

B fOJIOBOKpy)I{HTeJibHYIO 6e3~HY H3BeCT

HHKOBbiMH CTeH3MJil Jil KpyrJibiMH 60K3MH,

IIOp0)1{~3IOT B B006pa)l{eHHH K3KHe-TO

pa3MbiTbie CHJIY3Tbi H KapTHHbi. To JIH 3TO

OT3BYKH npOIIIJibiX )I{H3Heif, TO J!Jil MepQa

HHe MO!liHeHIIIeH 3~eiiiHeH 3HepreTHKH, TO

JIH nonpoCTy BOCI1HT3HH3H H3 K3'1eCTBeH

HOH HCTOpH'IecKoi1: JIHTepaType, ~aBHO

~peM3BIII3H H pa36y)l{eHH3H MeCTHbiM KO

JIOpHTOM Baiiia cpaHTa3HH. HMeHHO oHa, He

)l{eJiaiO!llaH 6oJiee npe~aBaThCH cHaM, HO

)1{3)1{~Yili3H BH~eHHH, 6y~eT M3HHTb B3C

H B03Bp3!li3Tb B 3TH MeCT3. ll

83

M ECTO HA KAPTE ACDP~KA

1. PYMCMKM, KAMEPYH

MECTO: L(eHTp peMeceJI B 3arra~Hoi1 A<l>p11Ke.

HCTOPHSI: CesepHaH 'IaCTh KaMepyHa 3HaMeHI1Ta CBOI1MI1 HaQ110HaJihHhiMI1 rrapKaMI1 11 rrp11p0~Hh!MI1 JiaH~IIIa<l>TaM11 .

Cpe~11 JieCHCThiX casaHH pe3KO Bhi~eJIHIOTCH ~peBHI1e ropbi MaH~apa, o B03paCTe KOTOphiX yqeHhie crropHT ~o c11x rrop. EcTh sepmH, qTQ 3TO OCTaTKI1 KaJih~ephl cyrrepByJIKaHa, IIOTYXIIIero 10 MI1JIJII10HOB JieT Ha3a~ . B ropax MaH~apa Haxo~I1TCH MHO)I{eCTBO ceJieHI1i1 MaJlh!X Hapo~OB CTpaHbl, O~HO 113 HI1X (Hai160Jiee 113BeCTHoe B 3TI1X KpaHx) - PyMci1KI1, ~epeBHH Ha rpaH11Qe KaMepyHa 11 H11rep1111. 3~ech )1{11BYT rrpe~CTaBI1TeJII1 3THI1qeCKOH rpyrrrrhi KaiiC11KI1, CJiaBHil.leHCH CBOI1MI1 peMeCJieHH11KaMI1. MeCTHbie JII1TeHil.II1KI1 113fOTaBJII1BaiOT 113 6pOH3hl KyxoHHYIO yTsapb, pa3JII1qHhie cTaTy3TKI1, yKpaIIIeHI1H 11 cyBeH11pHOe opy)l{l1e, fQHqaphl JieiiHT aYTeHmqHyiO rrocy~y. a TKaq11 rrpe~JiaraiOT TKaHI1 11 O~e)l{~y C HaQ110HaJibHOH CHMBOJII1KOH.


PyMC .. K ..

•• Mapya

AKT: B KOJIOHI1aJihHhiH rrep11o~ rophi MaH~apa CJIY)I{I1JII1 rpaH11Qei1

Me)l{~y <l>paHQY3CKI1MI1 KAMEPYH

11 6p11TaHCKI1MI1 BJia~eHI1HMI1 KaMepyHa.

3ALiEM: Y3HaTh 6y~y-111ee rrocpe~CTBOM ra~a-HI1H Ha )1{11BhiX Kpa6ax 11 ThiKBax-KaJia6acax.

B AOPOrY: IIepeJieT MocKBa- ,[(yaJia, Air France, OT 50 300 py6.

HABHrA~HSI: IIepeJieT ,[(yaJia- Mapya, Comair-Co, oT $220, ~aJiee 128 KM Ha 3arra~ rro ~oporaM P2 11 Pl.

BH3A: OT 3 pa6oq11x ~Hei1 , OT $52.

:;:;---

nErKIAM HA nOAbEM ABAHTIOPIACTAM nOCBSilUAETCSI: HE06bl"iHbiE YrOnKIA nnAHETbl lA KAK TYAA A06PATbCSI, "iT06bl YBIAAETb BCE CBOIAMIA rnA3AMIA.

2. HA~MOHAnbHbiM nAPK ccA>KM ncn EHA-n EM KC», ABCTPAnMSI

ABCTPAJU1SI

MECTO: CBeni~Hec.H o3epa.

Menb6ypH

• •

riiCTOPriiSI: HaBO,liHeHH.H, Bhi3BaHHhie oca,liKaMH,

B nepHO,ll C MapTa no HIOJib He pe,liKOCTb Ha 10re

ABCTpaJIHH. Bo BpeM.H naBO,liKOB 03epa H 6oJioTa

napKa «~)I(HnCJieH,ll-JleM:KC~ HaChi~aiOTC51 MeJIKHMH

BO,liOpOCJI5IMH, KOTOpbiMH nHTaiOTC51 npOCTei\ume

opraHH3Mbl - HO'IeCBeTKH. IlpH c:l>H3H'IeCKOM pa3-

,llpa)l(eHHH (HanpHMep, OT Ha6e)l(aBIIIeH BOJIHbl)

OHH H3JIY'IaiOT cepe6pHCTO-fOJiy6oi1: CBeT. 06HJIHe

KOpMa npHBO,liHT K TOMy, 'ITO HO'IeCBeTKH 6ypHO

pa3MHO)I(aiOTCH, H BO,lla C HaCTynJieHHeM CyMepeK

Ha'IHHaeT <<ropeTh CHHHM nJiaMeHeM>>.

cJ)AKT: 3c:l>c:l>eKT 6HOJIIOMHHeCI.\eHI.jHH B 03epax

~)I(HnCJieH,lla Ha6JIIO,llaeTC51 e)l(efO,liHO, HO oco6eH

HO HpKOH OHa OKa3biBaeTC51 pa3 B TpH-'IeTbipe fO,lla.

BonpeKH BCeM npomo3aM B 2011-M 3Toro He npo

H30IIIJIO, no3TOMY IIIaHChi yBH,lleTh <<CKa3KY Ha.HBy>>

B nepBOH nOJIOBHHe HbiHeiiiHero JieTa BeCbMa

BeJIHKH.

3ALIEM: IIo3HaKOMHThC51 c Y.liHBHTeJihHOH c:pa

yHoi1: Il5ITOfO KOHTHHeHTa. B napKe MO)I(HO

BCTpeTHTh TaKHx yHHKaJihHhiX )I(HBOTHhiX, KaK

YTKOHOC H MaJibiH nHHfBHH, poeT KOTOporo

He npeBhiiiiaeT 35-37 eM.

B AOPOrY: IIepeneT MocKBa - MeJih6ypH,

Cathay Pacific (qepe3 foHKOHr), OT 44 300 py6.

HABrilrAUriiSI: lf3 MeJib6ypHa OKOJIO 250 KM

Ha BOCTOK no IIIOCCe Ml H Al.

Br.13A: 0T 5 pa60'IHX ,l1Hei1:, 3650 py6.

ABCTPAnlt1S1lt1 OKEAHHS1

EBPOnA

3. nACI»OC, KMnP

MECTO: 0):1Hfl fl3 nyqrrmx coxpaHHBIIIHXC.H aHTf!qHhiX M03aHK.

HCTOPHSI: He6oJihiiiOH ropo,'IOK IIa<Poc, B ,'lpeBHerpeqecKyiO

3ITOXY HOCf!Blllf!H f!M.fl HOBhiH ITa <Poe, 6hiJI OCHOBaH B 320 ro):ly

):IO H. 3. 1.\apeM KHrrpa HHKOKJIOM KaK

MO)I(HO YBH):IeTh H ocTaTKH

,'lpeBHepHMCKf!X Bf!JIJI, Tea-

H11KOCI1SI • KlllnP

e na<j>oc

TpOB fl xpaMOB, fl paHHeXpHCTfi3HCKfle IT3M.HTHf!Kfl,

rropT ):IJI.H CTaporo IIa<l>oca, 3HaMeHH

Toro CBOf!M CB.HTf!Jiflll.\eM A<l>pO):If!Thl.

B aHTf!qHocTH 3):1ech KHrrena )l(fi3Hh

E<AW f:J W fl pyHHhi cpe):IHeBeKoBoro Bfi33HTHHCKoro 33MKa

fl fOTf!qecKOH 1.\epKBfl, ITOCTpOeHHOH KpeCTOHOCI.\3-

Mfl. Ho 6onee Bcero ITa <Poe rrpocnaBHJIC.H pHMCKf!Mfl

M033f!K3Mfl - 3TH )l(f13Hepa,'IOCTHhie MHOfOI.\BeTHhie

H3o6pa)l(eHH.H Ha MH<l>onomqecKHe TeMhi yKpalllaJIH

rronhi MHomx rrocTpoeK II-III BeKoB.

fl BeJiaCh 6ypHa.H TOprOBJI.fl - BO II CTO

JieTf!fl H. 3. ITa <Poe ):13)1(e 6biJI CTOJif!l.\eH

Bcero KHrrpa, HO B Cpe):IHHe BeKa ropo):l

oKa3aJic.H 3a6pollleH. B 1962 ro):ly Ha

MecTe ,'lpeBHero ropo,'la HaqaJIHCh

pacKOITKH, OTKphiBIIIHe MHpy y):IHBH

TeJihHhiH KOMITJieKC apXHTeKTypHOfO

H3CJie):lf!.fl pa3Hh!X 3ITOX, BITOCJie):ICTBflfl

BKJIIOqeHHhiH B CITf!COK BceMHpHoro

Hacne):IH.H IOHECKO. Ha TeppHTopHH

aHTf!qHoro IIa<Poca, HhiHe rrpe,'lcTaBJI.H-

1011.\eft co6oft apxeonomqecKHH My3eft,


3A'iEM: CrrycTHThC.H B pacrroJIO)I(eHHhie Herro,'lane

KY rpo6HHI.\hi aHTf!qHhiX 1.\apeft, 6onhllle HarroMHHa-

1011.\He ITO):I3eMHhie ):IBOpl.\hl, Bhi6f!Thie B CKanax.

B AOPOrY: IIepeneT MocKBa - IIa<Poc, <<TpaHc

a3pO>>, OT 18 700 py6.

BH3A: OT 1 ):IH.H, 6ecrrnaTHo.

POCC~SI

4. CAPAM-&ATY, ACTPAXAHCKASI O&nACTb

MECTO: CTaBKa 3oJIOTOH Opt~hl.

HCTOPHSI: KoMITJieKc coopy)l(eHI1H CapaR-EaTy Ha nesoM 6epery peK11 AxTy6hi 6hiJI ITOCTpOeH B 2010 rot~y Ha MeCTe t~pesHeH CTOJII1Qhi 3onoTOH Opt~hi ):IJIR CbeMOK <j:>I1JihMa AHt~peR IlpoiiiKI1Ha «Opt~a». 06n11K CapaR 6biJI soccTaHosneH ITO 11CTOp11qeCKI1M 3aiTI1CJIM 11 pe3yJihTaTaM paCKOITOK, Be):ly-11.111XCJI s 3TOM pawoHe c cepet~I1Hhi 60-x rot~os XX seKa. ropot~. OCHOBaHHhiH ITp11MepHO B 1250 fOtiY qi1Hr11311):10M EaTy, K KOHI.IY XV cToneTI1R ):IOCTI1r ITI1Ka pacQBeTa. B 3TOT ITep110tl ero HaceJIRJIO t~o 7 5 ThiCJ!q qeJIOBeK, a ITO KpacOTe 11 y6paHCTBY Capaw-EaTy 6hiJI cpaBHI1M c caMhiMI1 6oraThiMI1 11 t~peBHI1MI1 ropot~aMI1 BocToKa. 0 pocKOIIII1 CTOJII11.1hi Opt~hi MoryT paccKa3aTh MHoroql1cJieHHhie M03ai1KI1, o6Hapy)l(eHHhie apxeonoraMI1, a 0 TOprOBhiX CBJI3JIX ee )1(11TeJieH - MOHeThi co scero cseTa.


AKT: ITo pacITOpR)I(eHI1IO QapR <l>et~opa 11oaHHO-Bl1qa ITOCTpOHKI1

MocKs a •

AcTpaxaHb

POCCI!ISI

CapaR-EaTy 6biJII1 pa3o6paHhi, 11 K11piT11ql1, Ha3hiBaeMhie <<MaMaHCKI1MI1>>, ITOIIIJII1 Ha CTp011TeJihCTBO coopy)l(eHI1H ACTpa-

XaHCKOfO KpeMJIJI.

3A'iEM: 0KYHYThCH B M11p BOCTOqHoro Cpet~HeBeKOBhH.

B AOPOrY: IlepeneT MocKBa -ACTpaxaHh, UTair, S7, <<A3po<j:>noT>>, OT 9800 py6.; P)l(,[(, OT 3512 py6.

HABHrAUHSI: 113 ACTpaxaHI1 Ha cesep ITO ,'IOpore A340 OKOJIO 139 KM t~O cena Cen11TpeHHOe.

5. nE~EPACBSITOrO &EATYCA, W BErfU ... APMSI

• UIOPHX

5epH

• WBEMUAPHSI

• 11HTepnaKeH

MECTO: Ilot~3eMHhii1 Jia611p11HT Ha 6epe

ry TyHcKoro o3epa.

r.1CTOPr.1SI: B VI BeKe MOHax EeaTyc,

ITO O):IHOH BepCI111 - Ch!H IIIOTJiaH):ICKOfO

Kopomi, a ITO t~pyroi1 - acKeT 113 MpJiaH

t\1111, 6hiJI HaiTpasJieH c ITpocseTI1TeJih

cKoi1 MI1CCMeH K ITJieMeHaM reJibBeTOB.

Ilpoxot~R MI1MO TyHcKoro o3epa, EeaTyc

Y3HaJI o t~paKoHe, KOTOphiH )!(11JI B ITeme

pe B CKaJiaX, HaBO):I51 y)!(aC Ha BCe OKpeCT

HOe HaceJieHI1e. Ot~oJieB omet~hiiiiamero

3Me51, EeaTyc IToceJII1JIC51 B ero ITemepe,

rt~e ITPO)!(I1JI ITO'-ITI1 90 JieT. MomJia

CB51TOfO CTaJia MeCTOM ITaJIOMHI1'-!eCTBa.

3t~ech IT06hiBaJII1 MHome 113BeCTHhie

JIIOt\11, s TOM '-111CJie feTe, Eai1poH 11 P11-

xapt~ Bamep. TpoiTa c )!(11BOITI1CHhiMI1

MOCTaM11 Be):leT K ITemepe M11MO BO):IOITa

):IOB, KOTOpbie o6pa3yeT ITO):I3eMHa51 peKa,

BhiTeKaiOI.Qa51 Ha ITOBepXHOCTh.

CI>AKT: Ha 3KCKypmiO ITO ITemepe MO)!(HO

OTITpaBI1ThC51 TOJihKO B COITpOB0)!():1eHI111

rM}:Ia, TaK KaK ITO):I3eMHhiX XO):IOB 3):1eCb

MHOfO 11 B HI1X JierKO 3a6Jiy):II1ThC51.

3A'iEM: IlOJII060BaThC51 ropHhiMI1 Bl1-

):laMI1, ITporyJI51BIIII1Ch BOKpyr TyHCKOfO

03epa ITO 56-KI1JIOMeTpOBOMY ITeiiieXO):I

HOMY MapiiipyTy C ITO):IBeCHhiMI1 MOCTaMI1.

B AOPOrY: ITepeJieT MocKBa - ll;10p11x,

~A3po¢JioT>>, Swiss, OT 11 900 py6.

HABrllrAl-'riiSI: l13 ll;10p11xa 118 KM ):10

l1HTepJiaKeHa Ha !Of0-3aiTa):l ITO IIIOCCe

E41, 2, 4, A8, t~aJiee 9 KM ITO Seerstrasse.

Br.13A: OT 3 pa6oq11x t~Hei1, €35.

EBPOnA

89

EBPOnA

6. AEPEBHSI nonAM, MMnnMEXA, MAnbTA o. roao

MECTO: C'beMO'IHaH rrJioma~Ka, cTaBIIIaH rrapKoM pa3BJie'IeHI1i1.

HCTOPHSI: Y roJIJII1BY~CKI1X (11 He TOJihKO) KI1HeMaTorpaqm

CTOB MaJihTa rrOJih3yeTc.H orpoMHOi1 rrorryJI.HpHOCThiO. ToJih

KO 3a ITOCJie~HI1e ITHTh JieT 3~eCb CHI1MaJIOCh 6oJiee 60 <j:>I1Jih

MOB 11 3ITI130~0B cep11aJIOB. ,[(epeBHH

IIorrai1 6hiJia rrocTpoeHa Ha 6epery

6yXThl AHKOp B 1979 ro~y ~JIH C'heMOK

Ml0311KJia dlorrai.f>,>, a ITOCJie 11X OKOH

'IaHI1H CTaJia rrapKOM pa3BJie'IeHI1M,

3TaKI1M MaJibTI1MCKI1M ,[(11CHei.fJieH~OM.

Ee3ycJIOBHO, pa3BJie'IeHI1H B ~epeE-

He paCC'II1TaHhl B rrepByiO O'Iepe~h

Ha IOHhiX fOCTei.f. ,[(JI.H B3pOCJihiX OHa

11HTepeCHa CKOpee TeM, 'ITO 3TO MeCTO

<j:>aHTaCTI1'IeCKI1 He ITOXO)J{e Ha MaJib

TI1MCKI1e rrei1:3a)J{I1.

CI>AKT: Bo3Be~eHI1e ~epeBHI1 rrpo~oJI)J{aJIOCh CeMb MeCHJ.jeB, a MaTep11aJibl


~JIH CTp011TeJihCTBa ~O

CTaBJIHJII1Ch 113 f OJIJiaH~I111

11 KaHa~hi.

M~tnmtexa .. MAJlbTA

Bannena

3A"'EM: IlOKJIOHHI1KI1 KOMI1KCOB 0 MOpHKe Ilorrae

MoryT KYITI1Th B MeCTHOM cyBeH11pHoM Mara311He

Op11r11HaJihHhie aJih60Mhl 60- 80-x fO~OB .

B AOPOrY: IIepeJieT MocKBa - BaJIJieTTa, Air

Malta, oT 44 150 py6. CThiKOBO'IHhie pei1chi qepe3

ropo~a fepMaHI11111JII111TaJII111 B p.H~e cJiy'IaeB

6y~yT B Tp11 pa3a ~eiiieBJie .

HABHrA~HSI: 25 KM Ha ceBepo-3arra~ ocTpoBa,

qepe3 ropo~a E11pK11pKapa, MoCTa 11 KceMKI1)J{a.

BH3A: IIIeHreH, OT 4 ~Hei1, 1500 py6. ITJIJOC ycJiym

BI130BOfO QeHTpa 1150 py6.

CsepKaiOI.l.l;I1e CTPYI1 <j)oHTaHOB,

B€JII1':1€CTB€HHbl€ KaCKa,ll;bl 11 Ha

p51,li;Hbl€ ,li;BOpQbl, )1(11BOIII1CHbl€

anne11 cTap11HHoro rrapKa -

113YMI1T€JibHOe coqeTaHI1€ IIp11-

pO,li;HOM rapMOHI111 11 IIJIO,li;OB

KporroTJII1Boro Tpy.n;a. ITeTep

ro¢ - OT,li;OXHOB€HI1e ,li;JI51 p;yrrm

11 rro.n;apoK ,li;JIH qyscTB. A IIhiT

JII1BhiM yM OThiiQeT TYT MHO)Ke

CTBO HaiiOMI1HaHI1M 0 CJiaBHbiX

,li;€51HI151X 11 B€JII1KI1X JIIO,li;51X

rocy.n;apcTBa Pocci1MCKoro.

~ Am1ca Jlli1COBCKMl

EII(e s 1828 rot~y rry6mn.(MCT M asTop 3Ha

MeHMThiX Ha BCIO MMIIepH!O MCTOpWie

CKMX poMaHoB IIaseJI CsMHhMH 3aMeTMJI:

«I1eTeprocp rrpe}:ICTaBmieT e}:IMHCTBeHHOe

B POCCMM MeCTO, f}:le Ha CTOJ!h He3Ha'IM

TeJihHOM rrpOCTpaHCTBe COCpe}:IOTO'IMJIOCh

KaK 6bi Ha rraMJITh rpJI}:Iyll(ero IIOTOMCTBa

TaK MHOfO MCTOpM'IeCKMX BOCIIOMMHaHMH

M IIpOI13Be}:leHMH MCKYCCTBa~. f}:le )!(e, KaK

He 3}:\eCb, B MeCTaX, HaCbiii(eHHhiX TBOp'Ie

CKOH 3Hepmei1: (HJIM, KaK CKa3aJIM 6hi B 6hi

Jibie speMeHa, <<B}:IOXHOBeHHhiM reHMeM~)

MHOrMX IIOKOJieHMH, IIaTpHOTaM OII(yll(aTh

BeJIM'IMe pO}:IHOH CTpaHhl , a II03TaM M xy

}:IO)!(HMKaM BCTpe'IaTbCJI CO CBOeH MY30H?

« ... H 3AUHPYEM HA UPOCTOPE!>> l13secTHO, 'ITO IIeTp I, 6bmaJI s Esporre,

IIpHrJIJI}:IbiBaJICJI K «MH03eMHhiM }:IMKO

BMHaM~ M ITO B03Bpall(eHMM B POCCMJO

CTapaJICJI BOIIJIOTMTh IIO}:ICMOTpeHHhie

M}:leM s )!(l1:3Hh. ,ll;oiiiet~IIme tiO Haiiiero

speMeHM C06CTBeHHOpy'IHbie Ha6pOCKM

QapJI, ero qepTe)!(M, yKa3hi, t~eJIOBhie 6y

Mam II03BOJIJIJOT yTsep)!(}:laTh, 'ITO o6II(aJI

KOHQeiiQMJI IIJiaHHpOBKM aHCaM6JIJI, 3a

MhiCJihl XY}:IO)!(eCTBeHHOfO ocpopMJieHMJI,

a rropoi1: M cKpyrryJie3HaJI rrpopa6oTKa

OT}:IeJibHhiX 3JieMeHTOB apXHTeKTyphl

M cpoHTaHHoro KOMIIJieKca IIeTeprocpa

IIpHHa}:IJie)!(aT MMeHHO ero BeJIM'IeCTBy.

focyt~aph << IIpOCBell(eHHhiM OKOM>> pa3-

fJIJI}:IeJI B 3TOH IIpHMOpCKOH MeCTHOCTM,

93

3apociiieif cesepHhiMH JiecaMH, 3eMJIH

He rrpOCTO rrpHrO,[\Hhie, HO ll y,[I06Hble

,(IJIH KOM¢opTHOif )J{ll3HH. BcrroMrrHa

IOTCH CTpOKH XY,(IO)J{HHKa AJieKC3H,[~pa

EeHya, Bhipociiiero Ha rreTepro¢cKoif

,(laqe: << 0co6oe oqaposaHrre IIeTepro¢y

rrprr,[~aeT TO, qTo OH pacrroJIO)J{eH Ha ca

MOM 6epery MOpH, a T3K)J{e ll TO, qTO 3,[\eCb

Ha seeM Jie)J{HT oTrreqaTOK Toil reHHaJih

HOif JillqHOCTH, 6Jiaf0,[~3pH BOJie KOTOpoif

H pO)J{,[IeH, H B rraMHTh KOTopoif IIeTepro¢

ITOJiyqrrJI CBOe H3HMeHOB3HHe>>.

3aMhiCeJI C03,(13HHH rrpHMOpCKOH 33-

ropO,[~HOH pe3H,(IeHI.\HH, He yCTyrraiOmeif

esporreifCKHM rrapKOBhiM 3HCaM6JIHM,

B03HHK y IIeTpa so speMH rryTeiiieCTBHH

B BepcaJih, qhHMH xapaKTepHhiMH qep

TaMH 6hiJIH reoMeTprrqecKaH ITJI3HHpOB

Ka aJIJieif, 06HJIHe ¢oHT3HOB ll BO,c(OeMOB,

¢rrrypHaH CTpH)J{K3 ,[~epeBheB ll KyCTapHH

KOB, ll3h!CK3HHOCTh pHCYHKOB 60JihiiiHX

1.\BeTHHKOB. IIeTp, soo,[lyiiieBHBIIIHCh, pe

IIIHJI, qTo B pO,[~HOH CTpaHe HerrpeMeHHO

,[IOJI)J{HO 6hiTh T3KOe )J{e qy,(IO.

IIempa A!leKceeBu'ta o'tapoBaJlu u U3blcKaHHblii OBopeu, c pezyll5lpHblM napKoM, u meHucmble 6eceoKu, oKpyJICeHHble CKYllbnmypaMu. Ho 6oJlblUe Bcezo npuZJl5lHYllUCb eMy Bepca!lbCKue BoOoMembl.

L(apCK3H MeqTa BOITJIOTHJI3Ch, K3K 3TO Hll

rrapa,[~oKcaJihHO, 6Jiaro,[~apH CesepHoif

soifHe, 3aTeHHHOif IIeTpOM s 1700 ro,[ly

pa,[~H BhiXO,[Ia Poccrrrr K EaJITHHCKOMY

MopiO. C caMoro HaqaJia soifHhi l.(aph He

COMHeBaJICH B rro6e,(le ll ITO,[IYMhiBaJI 0 ,(10-

CTOHHOM IT3MHTHHKe CBOeMy 6y,(lyll.\eMy

TPHYM¢y.

,ll;opora B,(IOJih JO)J{Horo 6epera <l>rrH

cKoro 3aJIHBa cymecTBOBaJia eme rrprr

IIIBe,[laX, ll OHa ,(10JI)J{H3 6hiJia CT3Th ITa

pa,[~HhiM Bbe3,c(OM B CesepHyiO CTOJIHI.\y,

yKpaiiieHHhiM pOCKOIIIHhiMH pe3H,[IeHI.(HH

Mll. L(apb ITOBeJieJI CTpOHTh <ma yqacTK3X,

K 33JIHBY JO)J{HOH rpaHHI.(eiO Bh!XO,[\HII.\HX,

3a6aBHhie ,(10M3 KaMeHHhie H3pH,[~HOIO ap

XHTeKTypHOIO pa60TOH ll yKpaiiiaTh OfO

pO,[~hl ¢oHT3H3Mllll K3CK3,[13Mll, rrpy,[~aMH H BO,[Iorra,[laMH». IIepsoe yrroMrrHaHrre

0 <<IlHTepxo¢e» (TaKHM CHaqaJia 6b!JIO

ero H33B3Hlle, B rrepeBO,[Ie C fOJIJI3H,[ICKOfO

03HaqaJOII.\ee << IleTpOB ,[\BOp») ITOHBHJIOCh

s <~Iloxo,[IHOM )J{ypHaJie» IIeTpa 13 ceH-

n:r6pH 1705 ro,11a. CrrycTH rrHTh neT 3,llech

pa3BepHyJIHCb JiaH,liiiiaTHhie If CTpOH

TeJibHbie pa6oThi.

K 1714 ro,11y y)!(e sorrnor~eHa B )!(H3Hh

cep,lll.leBHHa '-lapCKOrO ITJiaHa - 3aJIO

)!(eH EOJihiiiOH IleTeprocKHH ,liBOpe'-1,

CTaBIIIHH l.leHTpOM oH'-IHaJibHOH )!(lf3HH

CTpaHbl, MeCTOM rrpHHHTHH CY,llb60HOC

Hb!X peiiieHHH. IlpOTHHYBIIIaHCH ITO'ITH

Ha 300 MeTpOB <~KOpOHHaH>> pe3H,lleHl.IHH

pyCCKHX HMrrepaTOpOB Bb!CHTCH Ha 16-Me

TpOBOM yCTyrre, rrepe,11 KOTOphiM y3KOH

JieHTOH B,liOJih 6epera THHeTCH HH)!(HHH

rrapK.l1.llymaH OT ITO,IIHO)!(HH ,liBOpl.la K 3a

JIHBY pOBHaH JIHHHH ~OpCKOfO KaHaJia

pacceKaeT rrapK Ha ,II Be 'laCTH. B HHX CHM

MeTpH'IHO BeepOM paCXO,liHTCH 'leTb!pe

aJIJieH, o6pa3yH 3asepiiieHHhie apxHTeK

TypHo-rrapKOBhie aHCaM6JIH.

BorwomeHHe rrpe,llcTaBJieHHH IleTpa

o )!(HJIHme rrpocsemeHHoro qenoseKa -

,liBOpe'-1 ~OHITJie3Hp B BOCTO'IHOH 'laCTH

rrapKa. 3TH <<fOCTeBbie ITOKOH C TeiTJIH~a

MH ,IIJIH ITOBapeHHhiX TpaB H 6aHeH ,IIJIH

KaBaJiepOB>> ITOJIHOCTblO orrpaB,llhiBaiOT

CBOe paH'-IY3CKOe Ha3BaHHe - <~~Oe

Y.liOBOJihCTBHe~. C rreTpOBCKHX speMeH

3,lleCh ycTaHOBJieHhl <<ITOBapHH>> C pyc

CKOH rre'lbiO H <~KOHIIIeHcKaH>>, r,11e ro

TOBHJIHCh HarrHTKH. B EaHHOM Koprryce

HeiTO,llaJieKy OT BOChMHrpaHHOrO 6acceJ1-

Ha, B KOTOpOM yCTpOeHa BO,liHHaH 3a6a

Ba <~IIIap-6pbi3raJIO~, MO)!(HO rrpO'IHTaTb

50n bWOVl ABO PEL\- L\EHTP

nETEPfO<l>CKOrO AHCAM5n5l

HaiTHCaHHbie IleTpOM rrpaBHJia ITOBe,lle

HHH B ::JTOH CaMOH paHHeH H3 3,lleiiiHHX

ITOCTpOeK.

B 3arra,IIHOH 'laCTH B 1720 ro,11y l1oraHH

EpayHIIITeHH Ha'IHHaeT coopy)!(eHHe

<~~aJibiX rrpHMOpCKHX rraJiaT~ - ,liBOpl.la

~apJIH, Ha3BaHHOfO B 'leCTb pe3H,lleH~HH

JIIO.liOBHKa XIV ~apnH-ne-Pya, r,11e IleTp

rro6hiBaJI 3a TPH ro,11a ,110 Toro. l1cKyc

CTBeHHhiH rrpy,11 rrepe,11 ,liBOpl.IOM, IIOXO)!(HH

Ha orpoMHoe 3epKano, ,11aeT omymeHHe

JierKOCTH H rrpocTopa. 3eMJIIO, BhiHYTYIO

rrpH ycTpOHCTBe rrpy,11a, IleTp BeJieJI HC

ITOJih30BaTh ,IIJIH C03,llaHHH BhiCOKOfO

sana, 3amHmaiOmero OT MopcKHx seTpos

3KCIIepHMeHTaJibHbiH orop0,11 If l.IBeTHHKH

C pe,IIKHMH COpTaMH TIOJibiTaHOB.

B rrpy,11ax pa3BO,IIHJIH pbi6y l.leHHhiX

IIOpO,ll, KOTOpaH ITO,liiTJihiBaJia Ha 3BOH

KOJIOKOJih'IHKa. A eme qepe3 ro,11 Epa

YHIIITeHH 3aJIO)!(HJI rraBHJihOH 3pMHTa)!(,

H,lleH C03,llaHHH KOTOporo 6bJJia rrpHBe-

3eHa IleTpoM H3 BocTO'IHOH ITpyccHH.

l1MeHHO rreTeproCKHH 3pMHTa)!( CTaJI

rrepBbiM B POCCHH.

95

Ha36aHue 060pf1a, 6 nepe6ooe c ppaHf1Y3-cKozo 03Hatta10U(ee «npu10m ommellbHUKa<>, o6oJlCHJlem ezo Ha3HatteHue. li3JlU(HblU, cmOJlU(UU 6 omOalleHUU 6 mUUIU aJlllfU U OKpyJJCeHHblU p60M C 6000U, OH CllYJJCUll 11ap10 tteM-mo 6pooe llUttHozo Ka6uHema.

Kor,lla B 1721 ro,lly rreTpOBCKYiif BOeH

Hhiif reHYIM OKOHqaTeJibHO CJIOMYIJI CO

IIpOTYIBJieHYie IIIBe,liOB, aM6YIQYI03HbiM

3aMhiCeJI 6hiJI y)!(e BOIIJIOII.IeH. 15 aBry

CTa 1723 fO,lla lleTp B qeCTb CBOeif «BYIK

TOpYIYI<> OTKpb!JI «IIaM.HTHYIK TOp)!(eCTBY

BeJIYIKOif ,llep)!(aBbi, rrYipyiOII.Ieif Ha Mop

cKoM IIpOCTOpe>>, YIJIYI CBOIO <<IIapa,liHYIO

,llaqy<> - IIeTepro<P.

K cJioBy, caMo rroH.HTYie <<,llaqa>> rro

.HBYIJIOCb YIMeHHO TOf,lla BMeCTe CO BCeMYI


aTpYI6yTaMYI rrpYI,llyMaHHoif IIeTpoM He

crrerriHoif 3aropo,liHOif )!(YI3HYI - KyrraHYieM

B 3aJIYIBe Y1 IIYIKHYIKaMYI, rrporyJIKaMYI ITO

TeHYICTbiM Ca,llaM, K3TaHYI51MYI Ha JIO,liKaX,

c6opOM MaJIYIHbl Yl rpYI60B, qaeiiYITYI51MYI

Ha BepaH,llaX Ha <Po He MOpCKYIX rreif3a)!(eM.

0HO 03HaqaJIO «yqacTOK 3eMJIYI HeiiO,llaJie

Ky OT ropO,lla>>, KOTOpbiM Qapb <<,llapoBaJI>>

caMbiM «IIOJie3HhiM PoccYIYI rrpYI6JIYI)!(eH

HhiM ,liJI51 BOCCTaHOBJieH¥151 CYIJI )!(Y!3HeH

Hb!X>>. TaK qTo 3,lleCh, BOKpyr peryii.HpHbiX

rrapKOB C YIX 150 <l>OHTaHaMYI Yl qeTblpbM51

KaCKa,llaMYI, 30JIOqeHbiMYI CTaTy.HMYI MYI

<PoJIOfY!qeCKYIX repOeB, BeJIYiqeCTBeHHOM

apxYITeKTypoif ,liBOpQoB YI y3opHbiMYI

QBeTHYIKaMYI C pe,liKYIMYI pacTeHYI51MYI, ¥13-

,llaBHa pacrroJiaraJIYICh MecTa JieTHero OT

,llhiXa 3HaTYI .

UPHMOPCKA.H JKEMqYJKHHA 06JIYIK IIeTepro<Pa CKJia,llhiBaJic.H Ha rrpo

T.H)!(eHYIYI 200 JieT. IIapK pa3pacTaJIC51,

o63aBO,li51Cb BCe HOBbiMYI IIpOY13Be,lleHYI51-

MYI Bhi,llaiOII.IYIXC.H 3o,llqYix. T.H)!(KYiif Tpy,ll

HeYicqYICJIYIMOfO KOJIYiqecTBa KpeiiOCT

HbiX, COJI,llaT Yl <<pa60THbiX JIIO,lleif~, CBe-

3eHHbiX CIO,lla CO BCeX yrOJIKOB YIMIIepYIYI,

rrapKeTqYIKOB Yl MpaMOpii.IYIKOB, pe3qYIKOB

YI rro3oJioTqYIKOB Jier B ocHoBy 3Toro rpaH

,liYI03Horo ,liBOpi.IOBoro KOMIIJieKca. BeJIYI

KYie 3aMhiCJibl BOIIJIOII.IaJIYI apXYITeKTOpbl

)KaH-EaTYICT Jie6JioH YI HYIKOJIO MYIKeT

TYI,OTeQ3HaMeHYIToro3o,llqerocKyiihrrTop

EapToJioMeo KapJio PaCTpeiiJIYI, ca,liOBO,ll

JieoHap,ll <PoH fapHYIX<l>eJihT ...

,[(BOpl.lbl rrpeTeprreBaJIYI MHO)!(eCTBO ¥13-

MeHeHYIM BMeCTe co cMeHoif 3rrox. Cero,ll-

HH pH~OM C ~epeBHHHbiMH ITeTpOBCKI1MI1

ITOKOHMH 6JIHCTaiOT 6apO'IHhie 3aJihl ce

pe~HHbl XVIII CTOJieTHH, a c HHMH coce~

CTBYIOT TopJKeCTBeHHhie aiTapTaMeHThi ITe

pHo~a KJiaCCI1I.\113Ma 11 KOMHaTbl cepe~HHbl

XIX BeKa B ~yxe poKOKO. O~HaKo BpH~ JIH

IleTepro<t> CHHCKaJI 6hi BCeMHpHyiO CJiaBy,

ecJIH 6bi IIeTp s csoe speMH peumJI orpa

HH'fHThCH ITapKOM C ~BOpQaMHH ITpy~aMH.

«BceespoiTeHCKHerocy~apcTsarpaHH'faT

~pyr c ~pyroM, 11 TOJihKO PocmH rpaHH'fHT

CEo rOM>>, - ITO~MeTHJI aBCTp11HCKI1H IT03T

PawHep MapHH PHJihKe, CTOH Ha KpaiO Bhi

coKOH ~BOpQOBOH TeppaCbl 11 BfJIH~biBa

HCh B MOpCKHe ~aJIH, ITpOCTHpaiOll.\HeCH 3a

MOll.\HhiMH CTPYHMH EoJihUioro KacKa~a.

IleTepro<t>cKHH KaCKa~. B QeHTpe KOTO

poro BhiCHTCH <!>11rypa 6H6JiewcKoro CaM-

B XIX BEKE HA OCTPOBAX Onbn1HA nPY.QA

YCTPAI1BAni1Cb rPAHtli103HbiE 11nn10MI1HA

U1111 B 4ECTb BI1311TOB BbiCOKI1X rGCTEVI

COHa, pa3~11paiOll.\efO ITaCTb JlhBy, - O~HH

113 caMhiX cosepUieHHhiX 11 rpaH~H03HhiX

~eHCTBYIOll.\HX <t>oHTaHHbiX KOMITJieKCOB

Ha CBeTe, 06be~HHHIOU.\11H 64 <t>oHTaHa,

255 CKYJihiiTYP 11 ~eKopaTHBHhix 3JieMeH

TOB. IIpH~yMaHHaH IIeTpoM <t>oHTaHHaH

<t>eepHH ITopaJKaJia caMoe HcKyUieHHoe

soo6paJKeHHe Toro speMeHH. OcTaBaJiocb

HaHTH OTBeT Ha fJiaBHhiH BOITpOC: r~e B3HTh

BO~y, 'fT06hi <<HaiTOHTb!> CTOJ!h BeJIH'fe

CTBeHHOe COOpyJKeHHe?

3HaKOMbie MHOfHM 113 HaC C ~eTCTBa

<t>oHTaHbl «MpaMOpHbie CKaMbH>>, «lliax

MaTHaH ropKa>>, <<IlHpaMH~a>>, <<COJIHQe>>,

KaK 11 ITpO'IHe ITeTepro<t>CKHe BO~OMeThl,

pa60TaiOT 6eciTepe60HHO ITO'fTH UieCTb

MeCHQeB B ro~y. Bo~a B HHX ITO~HHMaeTCH

He 3a C'feT HaCOCHbiX MeXaHI13MOB 11JII1 BO

~OHaiTOpHbiX COOpyJKeHHH, a 3a C'feT pa3-

H11Qhl B ypoBHe Bb!COT. 11CTO'fHI1KI1 BJiafH

HaXO~HTCH Ha CeBepHbiX OTporax POITUIHH

CKHX BhiCOT, a 24-KHJIOMeTpOBhiH ITYTh ~o

EOJihll!OfO ~BOpQa BO~a ITpeO~OJieBaeT ITO

CIIeQHaJibHO ITOCTpOeHHOMY KaHaJiy- ITO

CJie~HIOIO ropcTh 3eMJIHH3 Hero IIeTp Bhi

HYJI co6cTBeHHopy'IHO. Cero~HH ~JIHHa BO~OBO~a C CHCTeMOH HCKyCCTBeHHhiX ITpy

~OB COCTaBJIHeT 40 KHJIOMeTpOB. C03~aH OH

6hiJI ITO qepTeJKaM 11 ITO~ pyKoBo~cTBOM

ITepsoro pyccKoro rH~paBJIHKa BamJIHH

TyBOJIKOBa, KOTOpbiH B 1715 ro~y 6hiJI

OTIIpaBJieH QapeM BO <l>paHQHIO o6y'faTbCH

«ITpeMy~pow HayKe!> H3a 'feTbipe ro~a cTaJI

ITpo<t>ecCHOHaJIOM eBpOITeHCKOfO ypOBHH.

EJiaro~apH 3a~yMKe HHJKeHepa <t>oHTaHhi

IIeTepro<t>a 6hiOT Ha pa~oCTh ITOCeTHTeJIHM

~aJKe B caMbie 3acyUIJIHBhie ro~hi.

CJIOBOM, ITHTaiOll.\HH <t>oHTaHhi ITeTpos

CKHH CaMOTe'fHhiH BO~OBO~ - CaM ITO ce6e

~ocToiTpHMe'faTeJihHOCTh. IIo~sepJKeH

HhiH BJII1HHI110 yp6aHH3aQ1111, CO BpeMeHeM

OH oKa3aJICH yH3BHMhiM, 11 cTaJio oco6eH

Ho O'feBH~HO, HaCKOJibKO OH ~paroQeHeH

11 CKOJ!b 6epelKHO K HeMy Ha~O OTHOCHTbCH.

Kor~a ITOCJie OTKpb!THH y'faCTKa ITeTep-

6yprCKOH KoJihQeBoH aBTO~opom c Ha

'faJIOM ~OlK~JIHBOfO Ce30Ha ee O'fHCTHbie

COOpyJKeHHH ITepeiTOJIHI1JII1Cb, BO~a Bbi

ITJieCHYJiaCb 11, CMeUiaBUIHCb C 113BeCTbiO,

ITOITaJia B CTapo-IleTepro<t>cKHH KaHaJI

11 <t>oHTaHHYIO CHCTeMy, cy~h6y BO~OBO~a peUiaJIH Ha yposHe ITpaBHTeJihCTBa. Ilo

TOMY 'ITO <t>oHTaHhi 3~ech- ~yUia ITapKOB.

fOPO~CfBAP~EUCKOU BhiUPABKOU C ITepBbiX JieT Cyll.\eCTBOBaHHH HMITepa

TOpCKOH pe3H~eHQI111 3~eCh KBapmpoBa

JIH rsap~eHCKHe ITOJIKH, HeCUIHe CJiyJK6y

ITO ee oxpaHe. I13Ha'faJihHO IToceJieHHe

3aCTpaHBaJIOCb XaOTH'fHO, B OCHOBHOM

3eMJIHHKaMH ITpHITHCaHHhiX KO ~BOpQy

rocy~apcTBeHHhiX KpecThHH. B 30-e ro~hi

XVIII CTOJieTHH, yJKe ITOCJie CMepm IIe

Tpa, CTapaHHHMH apxHTeKTopa M11xa11Jia

3eMQOBa IIeTepro<t> BITepBbie ITOJIY'fHJI

peryJIHPHYIO ITJiaHHposKy. Tor~a JKe ITO

HBHJIHCh MaCTeposow ~sop ~JIH KpecThHH

11 KasaJiepcKHH - ~JIH ITPH~BopHhiX cJiy-

97

I KA)K.QYIO BECHY B CA.QY Y MOHnnE31-1PA, CAMOrO ni051-1MOro .QBOPL\A nETPA I, PACUBETAIOT

BOCXI-'ITI-'ITEnbHbiETIOnbnAHbl B nAM>ITb 060CHOBATEnE nETEPrG<t>A

JKa~Hx. ,ll;eno 3eM'-\OBa ITpo,~:~oJIJKHJI EapTO

JIOMeo <l>pawiecKo PacTpeJIJIH, B eJIH3aBe

THHCKYIO 3IToxy ITepecTpOHBrrmif EoJihlllOH

,[IBOpe'-\, - ,[10 HalllHX ,[IHeH ,[IOIIIJia HMeHHO

BeJIHKOJieiTHa.H ITOCTpOifKa PaCTpeJIJIH

MJia,[llllero, a He cKpOMHoe coopyJKeHHe

ITeTpoBcKoro BpeMeHH. K Ha'-!any XIX BeKa

B IleTepro<t>e CJIOJKHJIC.H l.leJihiH aHCaM6Jih

ropo,~:~cKHX KaMeHHhiX 3,l:laHHH. KpoMe cny

JKa~Hx B ropo,~:~e CTaJIH ceJIHThC.H CBo6o,~:~Hhie JIIO,[IH - <<06hmaTenw>. ITo.aBHJIHCh

Ka3apMbl, a o<l>H'-\epCKHH COCTaB pa3Me

~aJIC.H Ha ITOCTOe ITO ropO,l:ICKHM KBapTH

paM. B 1824 ro,~:~y AneKcaH,~:~p I 3aCTpaH

BaeT ropo,~:~ ITO <<o6pa3'-\0BhiM ITpoeKTaM >.>,


pa3pa6oTaHHhiM BacHJIHeM CTaCOBhiM,

H 3,[\eCb o60CHOBbiBaeTC.H JlH'-!HhiH ITOJIK

era HMITepaTopCKoro BeJIH'-IeCTBa. CJIOBOM,

ropO,l:IOK HHKOr,l:la He Tep.HJI «CTpOeBOH Bhl

ITpaBKH>.> - H cerO,[IH.H BOeHHbie COCTaBJI.H

IOT 6onee '-!eTBepTH era HaceneHH.H.

B XIX cToJieTHH IleTepro<l> ITpHpaCTaJI

He TOJ!hKO JIIO,[IhMH, HO H HHpaCTpyKTy

poif. C 1837 ro,~:~a 6hiJIO HaJiaJKeHo ITapoM

Hoecoo6~eHHecocTOJIH'-Ieif.BoBTOpoif ITOJIOBHHe BeKa MOpCKOH TpaHCITOpT CTaJI

BhiTeCH.HThC.H JKeJie3HO,l:IOpOJKHhiM: Ha Jie

BOM 6epery 06BO,[IHOrO KaHaJia B IleTep-

6ypre B03,[1BHrJIH IleTepro<t>cKHH (HhiHe

EaJITHHCKHH) BOK3aJI, OTKy,~:~a Ha'-IHHa-

nach IleTepro<PcKa.H JKeJie3Ha.H ,~:~opora,

ITOCTpOeHHa.H Ha cpe,l:ICTBa H3BeCTHOrO

ITpe,~:~ITpHHHMaTeJI.a 6apoHa AneKcaH,~:~pa lliTHrJIH'-\a .

CezoOHJl oo 31-laMeHumbzx napKoB MOJICHO Oo6pambCJl C nOMOTJ1b10 GaMOZO pa3H006-pa3H020 mpaHcnopma - om MapzupymKu, 3JleKmpu<tKU u OaJ/Ce mpaMBaJl oo napoMa, 6001-LOZO U 6030YlUH020 maKCU.

HhiHelllHHH ce3oH, KaK H ITpollle,[IIIIHH, 6y

,~:~eT HeO,[IHOKpaTHO I06HJieHHhiM. 11 eCJIH

B ITpOIIIJIOM ro,~:~y OTMeTHJIH 60 JieT CO ,[IH.H

Ha'-laJia pecTaBpa'-\1111 EoJihlllOro ,l:IBOp'-\a

(KOr,[la, K C'-!aCThiO, 6b!JIO ITp11H.HTO pe

llleHI1e He ,~:~enaTh 113 Hero ,~:~oM OT,l:lhixa)

H 65-JieTI1e C MOMeHTa 3aiTycKa oHTaHOB

EOJihlllOrO KaCKa,[la ITOCJie BTopoif M11pO

BOH BOHHhi, TO B 3TOM ro,~:~y 11CITOJIH.HeTc.H

250 JieT C MOMeHTa ITp11CBOeHI1.H IleTepro

Y CTaTyca ropo,1:1a H 15 JieT C TOro ,[IH.H, KaK

eMy BepHyJII1 HCTOpH'-!eCKOe Ha3BaHI1e.

IJ;epeMOHH.H OTKpb!TI1.H <t>oHTaHOB ITpO

IIIJia C OTpeCTaBp11pOBaHHhiM <<CaMeO

HOM>.>, rnaBHOH CKYJihiTTypoif EOJihlllOro

KaCKa,[la, KOTopyiO B cepe,1:111He ITpOIIIJIOH

BeCHhl TOpJKeCTBeHHO ITpOBO,[II1JII1 Ha

CBOe MeCTO BCeM IleTep6yprOM. Kor,[la

ITPOIIIJihiH pa3 BOT TaK <<ITO ymi'-\aM <PoH

TaH B0311JI11>> - a 6biJIO 3TO 31 aBryCTa

1947 ro,~:~a, - BCTpe'-!aTh 6116neifcKoro

6oraTblp.H Bh!XO,[II1JIH JieHHHrpa,l:l'-\hi-6JIO

Ka,[IHI1KI1, 11 3TO 6hiJIO HeBepO.HTHO CI1M

BOJIH'-IHO. Jl!O,l:\11 o~y~aJIH, 'ITO IT06e,[IHJIH

B CTpalllHOH BOHHe, HaJia,[II1JII1 HOpMaJih

HYIO JKI13Hh H B3.HJIHCh 3a BoccTaHOBJieHI1e

ITaM.HTH11KOB.

H11 HayKa, Hl1 BpeM.H He CTO.HT Ha MeCTe,

H, HaBepHOe, OTpeCTaBp11pOBaHHbie CTa

p11HHbie ,[IBOp'-\bl 11 yca,[lb6bi He,[IOJirO OCT a

HYTC.H B CBOeM TeiTepelllHeM BH,[Ie, Be,[lh ITpH

CMeHe 3ITOX 'ITO-TO ITp11o6peTaeTC.H, a 'ITO

TO 6e3B03BpaTHo yTpa'-111BaeTc.a .. . A ITOTOMY

MOJKHO Jll11llh HaCTOH'-IHBO peKOMeH,[IOBaTb

IToceTHTh HeiTo,~:~paJKaeMbie ,l:IBOp'-\hi 11 ITap

KH IleTepro<t>a, B KOTOpOM, KaK rOBOp11JI

EeHya, <<<l>aHapHa.H 3BY'-IHOCTh <PoHTaHoB

CO'-!eTaeTC.H C 11CTOp11'-!eCKOH CI1MBOJII1KOH

CKYJihiiTyp», a o6~11if pa3Max 11 BeJII1'-!11e

YJKI1BaiOTC.H c 113.H~ecTBOM ,~:~eTaneif 11 113hi

cKaHHhiM XY,l:IOJKeCTBeHHhiM y6paHCTBOM

,[IBOp'-\OBhiX 11HTepbepOB.I1 COXpaHHTh era

B CBOeif ITaM.HTI1. C

DISCOVERY

no3HaBaR Mll1p , 'leflOBeK 111CnOflb3yeT BCe opraHbl 'IYBCTB- 111 BKYC He 111CKfl/O'IeHII1e. Hanii1TKII1, e,lla

111 npii1CnOC06neHII1R /],J1R ee npll1rOTOBfleHII1R CnOC06Hbl ,llaTb nii1UJY He TOflbKO JKeny,llKy, HO 111 yMy .

30nOTO KEHTYKKVI

Eyp6oH - 11CTHHHO aMep11-

KaHCKI1H HaiTI1TOK, B 1964 ro,~:~y •

KOHrpecc CiliA o<P111.111aJibHO

ITp113HaJI ero HaQHOHaJibHbiM

ITpo,~:~yKTOM Coe,1111HeHHhiX lliTaTOB.

0CHOBHOeiTp0113BO,liCTBOCOCpe,liOTOqeHO

B IIITaTe KeHryKK11, Ha 11CTOp11qeCKOH

pO,lii1He 3TOrO BI1CKI1. B O,liHOM 113 ropO,liOB

IIITaTa, Eap,~:~cToyHe, BOT y)!(e 20 JieT ITpo

XO,lii1T e)!(efO,liHbiH <l>eCTHBaJib 6yp6oHa.

B TeqeHHe He,lleJII1 MHoroql1cJieHHhiX

rOCTeH pa3BJieKaiOT KOHQepTaM11, peMeC

JieHHbiMI1 HpMapKaMI111, KOHeqHO )!(e,

,~:~erycTaQ11efl pa3Hoo6pa3HhiX 6yp6oHoB.

AIToreeM ITpa3,liHI1Ka cTaHOBHTCH co

peBHOBaHI1H ITO KaTaHI1IO 6oqeK. 0,1111H

113 CTapeHIIIHX 6yp60HOB IIITaTa -

Woodford Reserve- ITp0113BO,lii1TCH

Ha caMOH CTapofl MeCTHOH BI1CKI1KypHe,

B oKpyre By,~:~<Pop,~:~. Tpa,lii11.1110HHhiH

peQeiiT <PepMeHTaQH11 C 11CIIOJib30BaHI1eM

,llpO)!()!(eH, C03,llaHHbiH ITOqT11 200 JieT Ha-

3a,ll, coxpaHHeTCH Hei13MeHHbiM 11 ITO cefl

,lleHb. COBCeM He,llaBHO 3TOT 6peH,ll CTaJI

,liOCTyiTeH 11 Ha pOCCI1HCKOM pb!HKe.

100 DISCOVERY l1IOHb 2012

CnAAKVI E AH VI • neTOM, B ITOpy OTIIYCKOB 11 KaHI1KyJI,

MHOrHe 113 HaC OTITpaBJilUOTOI B 3K30-

TH'IeCKI1e CTpaHbl B ITOI1CKaX HOBbiX

raCTpOHOMI1qecKI1X OlliYilleHI1H. ,[(JIH TeX,

KTO JII0611T 3KCITepHMeHT11pOBaTb C He-

06hJqHbiMI1 BKyCOBbiMI1 KOM611HaQ11HM11,

KOMITaHI1H Lindt C03,llaJia 113b!CKaHHbie

IIIOKOJia,liHbie ,~:~ecepTbi cep1111 Creation:

Creation Orange co BKYCOM apoMaTHoro

aiTeJihCI1Ha 11 Creation Cherry & Chili -

HaChiilleHHOe coqeTaHI1e COqHOH BI1IIIHI1

11 OrHeHHOrO ITepQa qi1JII1 B TeMHOM

IIIOKOJia,lle. ,[(Ba HOBbiX HpK11X BKyca

He OCTaBHT paBHO.liYIIIHbiMI11.1eHI1TeJieH

rophKoro IIIOKOJia,~:~a , co,~:~ep)!(aHI1e KaKao

B KOTOpOM COCTaBJIHeT 70%.

B CEPAUE rABAHbl L • La Bodeguita del Media - O,lii1H

113 CaMbiX 113BeCTHbiX raBaHCKI1X

6apOB. C MOMeHTa CBOero OTKpbi

THH B 194 2 ro,~:~y 3TOT peCTOpaHq11K

6biCTpo cTaJI QeHTpoM KYJihTypHofl

)!(113HI1 Ky611HCKOH CTOJII1Qbl. IT03Tbl,

)!(ypHaJII1CThi 11 MY3hiKaHThi ITp11-

XO,lii1JII1 CIO,lla HaCJia,liHTbCH MOXI1TO

B Kpyry ,~:~py3eH . qT06hi OT,llaTh

,liOJI)!(HOe 3TOMY JiereH,~:~apHOMY

3aBe,~:~eHI1IO, cpe,1111 IToceTI1TeJiefl

KOToporo 6biJII1 ITa6Jio Hepy,~:~a, 3p

HeCT XeMI1HfY3H 11 ra6p11eJib rapCHa

MapKec, poMOBhiH 6peH,ll Havana

Club BhmycmJI JII1MI1T11pOBaHHYIO

ITO,llapoqHyiO yiTaKOBKY. )KI13Hepa

,liOCTHOeQBeTOBOepeiiieHI1eKopo6-

KI1 ITOBTOpHeT BbiBeCKy, KOTOpaH

3HaKOMa He TOJibKO ITyTeiiieCTBeHHH

KaM, HO 11 6apMeHaM BO BCeM M11pe.

UJ ::s:: :::c

UJ

c::

:::c a...

....0

.:::::::[ .

L.U 3

I--

L.U a...

L.U ::s:: ::::c L.U .::::::: L.U

c::

a... L.U

L.U

CHE>KHbiH CI>EHIIIKC L • IlloTJJaH~CKHii BMCKM Glenfiddich Snow

Phoenix nonyqmJ CBOe l1M.H 3l1MOH

2010 ro~a, KOr~a B CaM OM OT~aJieHHOH qacTM BHHOKYPHH Glenfiddich no~ Be-

coM cHera pyxHyna Kpbllna, oCTaBMB no~

HOqHhiM MOp03HhiM He60M COTHl1 6oqeK

npeBocxo~Horo BMCKM. Ha3BaHHe HOBOMY

HanHTKY l13 3Tl1X 6oqeK 6hiJIO npH~yMaHO

noqTM cpa3y: Ha <l>oTorpa<l>MHX, c~enaH

HhiX Ha MeCTe, CKB03h 06JIOMKl1 CKJia~CKl1X

Kphilll 6hiJIO Bli~HO CBeqeHMe,

OAHIIIM ABIII>KEHIIIEM l Ko<l>e - o~MH l13 caMhiX no- •

nyn.HpHhiX HanHTKOB Ha 3eMJie .

B HeKoTophiX CTpaHax ~a)!{e

OTMeqaeTC.H ,[(eHh KO<l>e: Ha

npHMep, B Epa3MJil1l1 - 24 Ma.H,

B I1pnaH~l1l1 - 19 ceHT.H6p.H,

B KoCTa-PHKe - 12 ceHT.H6p.H.

B I1TaJIMl1, KOTopa.H cnaBMTC.H

He TOJihKO MHOf006pa3l1eM

naCT M copTOB Mopo)!{eHoro,

HO l1 pe1..1enTaMI1 npHrOTOBJie

Hli.H KO<l>e, npa3~HYIOT ,[(eHh

HTaJih.HHCKoro 3crrpecco. 3Ta

CTpaHa no~apl11Ia MHpy l1 TaKHe

Hanl1TKl1, KaK JiaTTe l11Il1 KanyqH-

HanoMMHaiOIIIee oqepTa

Hl1.11Ml1 nTMl\Y <l>eHHKC.

II pH co3~aHMl1 Snow

Phoenix cMeiiiMBaJic.H

He<l>MJihTpOBaHHhiH

Bl1CKl1 eCTeCTBeHHOH

KpenOCTl1, pa3HOH

Bhi~ep)!{Kl1l1l13

HO, - Bee OHM npoqHo 3aKpenHJil1Ch B Ko<l>eiiHhiX KapTax no

BCeMy CBeTy. J1106oii l13 3Tl1X Bli~OB KO<l>e JiefKO npl1rOTOBl1Th

~OMa, Ha)!{aB BCero Jililllh O~HY KHOnKy - Ha KO<l>eMaiiiHHe

Miele CM 5200 co cnel.IMaJihHOii <l>YHK'-\Heii OneTouch.

pa3HhiX 6oqeK.

B pe3yJihTaTe nony

qMJIC.H HanHTOK

C M.HfKl1M BaHMJih

HhiM apoMaTOM

C HOTKaMH .H6JIOKa

M npH.HTHhiM 6ora

ThiM nOCJieBKYCHeM.

HE>KHbiH 111 nonE3HbiH L • 0~l1H l13 OCHOBHhiX npo~yKTOB l1TaJih.HHCKOH KYXHl1- MOl.la

penJia. Ha npoT.H)!{eHMH BeKoB MTaJih.HHl\hi l1CITOJih3YIOT 3TOT

He)!{HhiH Chip ~JI.H npHrOTOBJieHM.H nlil\l\hi, CaJiaTOB, Jia3aHhl1.

Tl1nl1qHa.H l1TaJih.HHCKa.H 3aKyCKa - Kanpe3e - COCTOMT l13

nOMli~OpOB, MOl\apeJIJihi l1 6a3l1Jil1Ka. 3TOT Chip 6oraT Bl1Ta

Ml1HaMl1 AM D M co~ep)!{HT TaKHe MHKpo3neMeHThi, KaK l\HHK,

Ka1Ihl\l1H, )!{eJie30. CpoK CBe)!{eCTl1 HaCTO.HilleH MOl\ape1IJihi

COCTaBJI.HeT 10 ~Heii: B 3TOT nepl10~

BKyc ee M~eaneH, a none3HhiX cBoiicTB

MaKCHMyM. Mo1..1apenna Unagrande

npoH3BO~l1TC.H B PocmM no

ayTeHTliqHOH l1TaJih.HHCKOH

TeXHOJIOfl1l1l1 He CO~ep

)!{l1T KOHCepBaHTOB, qTo

~enaeTee«Tpa~Hl\MOHHO

l1TaJih.HHCKOH>>.

BEPHOCTbTPAAIIIUIII~M

19 anpen.H B MocKBe cocTO.HJIC.H

OT6opoqHhiH crreKTaKJih

Me)!{~yHapo~Horo npo-

eKTa True Tales, HHM'-\H-

HpOBaHHOfO

IIIOTJiaH~CKl1M

BMCKM Grant's.

Beqep o6be~MHHJI JIIO~eii, fOTOBhiX

no~eJIMThC.H

CBOl1Ml1 Jil1qHhi

Ml1l1CTOpl1.HMl1,

3MOl\l1.HMl1l1 Onhi

TOM. KoMnaHM.H,

OCHOBaHHa.H

YMJih.HMoM rpaH

TOM B 1886 fO~y, ~o mx nop

npHHa~Jie)!{MT

ero np.HMhiM no

TOMKaM, n03TOMY

6peH~ y~en.HeT

•

TaKOe BHMMaHHe CeMeHHhiM Tpa~l1l\l1.HM

l1 OnhiTy, nepe~aBaeMOMY l13 nOKOJieHH.H

B noKoneHHe. TaK l1 MHororpaHHhiH BKyc

Bl1CKl1 Grant's nOJIHOCTh!O COOTBeTCTByeT

OplirMHaJihHOMY cnoco6y npOI13BO~CTBa , pa3pa6oTaHHOMY 6onee 100 neT Ha3a~.

101

B AeJihTe ,ll;yHaJI, Ha rpaHIU.J;e YKpa11Hhi 11 PyMhiHI111, :)lmByT pyccK11e cTapoo6pHAI.J;hi, qhl1 rrpeAK11 TPI1

CTOJieTI15I Ha3aA BhiCTp011JII1 ropOA Ha pyKOTBOpHbiX OCTpOBaX. )1(113Hh 3TI1X JIIOAeif, IIOA06HO Teqe

HI1IO peKI1, KOTOpaH 11X KOpM11T, HeCIIeiiiHO AB11)1(eTC5I, IIOAq11H5I5ICh CTporoMy perJiaMeHTY CTap11HHhiX

TpaA11I.J;I1H 11 seposaHI1H.

~ 51KOB nAHOB, @J AneKce~ rDJ1Y6l.\OB

<< ••• X11MI110 BCHKYIO B ,lJ;yHaH Jlh!OT, BOT 11 IIJiaBaeT

B HeM BCe, KpOMe pbi6hi!>> - B0p'I11T 50-JieTHI1H pbi-

6aK KoHt~paT, Bhi611paH 113 MYTHOH BO,!Ihi ):IJII1HHhiH

HeBO,!I. l1 TYT )l{e, t~enaH rrepepbiB, 3aqeprrhmaeT na

,!IOHhiO pe'IHYIO BOtiY - Harri1ThCH. Ero ce):IOBJiachiH

HarrapH11K C )1{11BhiMI1 rony6hiMI1 rJia3aMI1, H11KOJiaH,

HaneraeT Ha Becna, BhiBO,!IH qepHyiO rrpocMoJieHHYIO

JIO,!IKY K cepe,!111He QqaKOBCKOfO r11pJia - O,!IHOH 113

102 DISCOVERY l110Hh 2012

MHOfO'fi1CJieHHhiX rrpOTOK, Ha KOTOphie ,!leJII1TCH ,lJ;y

HaH rrp11 BIIa,!leHI111 B qepHOe MOpe.

ITo 6eperaM, HaCKOJihKO xBaTaeT B3rJIH,!Ia, I.UYMI1T,

BOJIHyeTCH )l{eJITOe MOpe TpOCTHI1Ka, IIO,!IHI1MaiO~e

fOCH 113 TOIIKOH 11JII1CTOH IIO'fBhl, a TO 11 rrpHMO 113

BO,!Ihl, - HerrpOXO,!II1Mhie tlyHaHCKI1e IIJiaBHI1 . He pa3

CJIY)I{I1JII1 OHI1 apeHOH 6oeBbiX ):leHCTBI1ft: rpeKI1, Typ

KI1, Ka3aKI1, pyMhiHhi- KTO TOJihKO He IIhiTaJicH B3HTh

ITO~ KOHTPOJib ycTbe o~HOH 113 rJiaBHbiX espoiTeHCK11X

peK. IlpaB~a, MaJIO KTO JKeJiaJI 3~eCb CeJII1TbCH- B Me

CTaX Cblpb!X 11 KOMap11HbiX.

<<Bee Mbi Kor~a -To Ha oCTposax JKI1JII1 - ~oMa, oro

po~hi, Ca~bl B ITJiaBHHX ~epJKaJII1. B ropo~ TOJibKO ITO

BOCKpeceHbHM ITJiaBaJII1- B 1.1epKOBb ~aHa 6a3ap CX0-

~11Tb,- paccKa3biBaeT KoH~paT, BbiiiYTbiBaH 113 ceTI1

cepe6p11cTy10 ceJib~b. - Bee 6biJIO ITO-cTap11HHoMy:

6e3 p0~11TeJibCKOfO Ha'laJia CIIaTb He JIOJKI1JII1Cb,

B ITOCT TOJibKO ITOCTHOe eJII1. ,/J;a ~pyrorO-TO OC060

11 He 6b!JIO~. KOH~paT C H11KOJiaeM - JII1ITOBaHe, ITOTOMKI1

pycCKI1X CTapoo6pH~I.IeB - TeX, 'ITO ITepBbiMI1 CTaJII1

o6JKI1BaTh ~yHaHCKI1e ITJiaBHI1 B XVIII BeKe. <<Jli1ITO

BaHe 6opo~ He 6peiOT, KpeCTHTCH ~BYMH ITepcTaMI1

11 ITO BO~e XO~HT, aKI1 ITOCYXY>>, - fOBOp111111 0 ITepe -

CeJieHI.IaX, ITOHBI1BIIII1XCH Ha 3apOCIIII1X KaMbiiiiOM

TOr~aiiiHI1X rpaH111.1ax Pocc1111 11 Typ1.11111.

C11yx11 c11yxaM11, HO KaK e11.1e MOJKHO ITepe~BI1raTbCH

B MeCTaX, r~e Ky~a Hl1 CTYITI1IIIb- BCIO~Y TOITb? Jli1ITO

BaHe HaiiiJII1 ciToco6: pbiJII1 ITO ITep11MeTpy 6y~y11.1ero ~BOpa KaHaJibl, a ITO~H11MaeMbiH CO ~Ha 1111 11CITOJib-

30BaJII1 KaK rpyHT, Ha KOTOpOM MOJKHO 6hiJIO CTp011Tb

~OMa 11 pa3BO~I1Tb OrOpO~bl. qi1CJIO ~BOpOB, OKpy

JKeHHbiX KaHaJiaMI1, pOCJIO, 11 ITepe~BI1faTbCH MelK~Y

HI1MI1 CTaJIO y~o6Hee Ha JIO~KaX. TaK B ~eJibTe ,/J;yHaH Ha

pyKOTBOpHbiX ocTpOBKax ITOHBI1JICH ropo~ c YJII11.1aMI1-

KaHaJiaMI1 BI1JIKoso: peKa B 3TOM MecTe pa3BeTBJIHeTcH

Ha Tp11 pyKaBa, HaiTo~o611e BI1JI.

BUJIKOBCKUEBY,li;HU Bbi6pas ceTb, KoH~paT c H11KOJiaeM 3aso~HT MOTop

11 HaiTpaBJIHIOT JIO~KY BBepx ITO Te'!eHI110, Ty~a, r~e Ha~

MOp eM TpOCTHI1Ka CBepKaiOT IT030JIO'leHHbie l.lepKOB

Hbie KyiTOJia. C III11pOKOf0 QqaKOBCKOfO mpJia pbi6aK11

CBOpa'II1BaiOT B ITpOTOKY ITOyJKe, Ha BXO~e B KOTOpyiO

ITOKa'li1BaeTCH Ha BOJIHaX 3eJieHbiH ITJiaBy'li1H ~OMI1K

cpa3BeBaiOII.II1MCH Ha Kpbiiiie yKpa11HCKI1M <j.lJiaroM. Ce

ro~HH ITO HI130BbHM ,/J;yHaH ITpOXO~I1T rpaHI11.1a MeJK~Y

YKpa11HOH 11 PyMhiHI1eH:, 11 yKpa11HCK11e ITorpaHI1'IH11K11

CJie~HT, 'IT06bi K HI1M He 3aiTJibiJI KTO qyJKOH.

M11Hosas 3acTasy, pbi6ai.IKaH JIO~Ka cpa3y 3aHI1-

MaeT ITpasyiO <<ITOJiocy~. I13-3a ITepsoro JKe ITOBopoTa

HaBCTpeqy BbiJieTaeT KaTep C MOII.IHbiM HITOHCKI1M MO

TOpOM, 3a HI1M ITOHBJIHeTCH ~JI11HHaH IIIaJiaH~a, CIIYCTH

MI1HYTY- BTOpaH, TpeTbH, '!eTBepTaH. ,/J;BI1JKeHI1e Ha

ITpOTOKe, ITOCTeiTeHHO ITepeXO~HII.IeH B rJiaBHbiH BI1JI

KOBCK11H KaHaJI, - KaK Ha aBTOCTpa~e: ITJib!Tb MOJK

HO TOJibKO ITO CBOeH <<ITOJIOCe>>, ITpOITyCKaTb TeX, KTO

~BI1JKeTcH ciTpasa, a ITepe~ JII06biM MaHespoM - KaK

CJie~yeT CMOTpeTb ITO CTOpOHaM.

Ecmb 11a Booe u CBOJ/. uHcneKl{UJ/., utmpatjJpoU(aJ/.Jluxa'leii. 3a caMble cepbe3Hble HapyuteHUJ/. npeoycMompeHo JlUuteHue npaB, 'tmo OJlJ/. 6oJlbutUHcmBa BUJlKOB'taH -Kamacmpotj:Ja.

<<BoH Baci1JII1H-Jio~o'IH11K,- ITOKa3hiBaeT KoH~paT

Ha 'leJioseKa, Maiiiyll.lero eMy c 6epera. - 3Ty JIO~Ky

AOCbE DISCOVERY

n11ABH!o1- Alli-HenbHO 3aTanmmaeMbl8 1-lnl-1 3a6onOY8HHbl8 peYHbl8 YCTbSl ,

no~Mbl 1-1 AenbTbl , 3apocw1-1e TpocTHI-lKOM, KaMbiWOM , MenKI-lM KYCTapHI-lKOM 1-1n1-1

no~MeHHbiMI-1 necaMI-1 . nnaBHI-1 3aHI-1MaiOT 6onbwl-1e nnoll.(aAI-1 B AenbTax KpynHbiX

peK- Bonr~-1 , )J,yHaSl , )J,HecTpa, )J,oHa, AMyAapbi-1- 1-1 Ype3Bb1Ya~Ho 6oraTbl ¢no

po~ 1-1 <jlayHo~: B TPYAHOAOCTYnHbiX 3apocnSlX 061-lTaeT MHOlK8CTBO Bl-lAOB nTI-lLI,.

B CBSl31-1 CO CTp01-1T8nbCTBOM BOAOXpaHI-lnl-111.( 1-1 Menl-lopaTI-lBHbiMI-1 pa6oTaMI-1 nno

ll.(aAb nnaBHe~ nOCTeneHHO COKpall.(aeTCSl, OCTaBnSlSl nnOCKI-18 OCTpOBa 1-1 HI-13M8H

Hbl8 3ani-1BHbl8 nyra, KOTOpb18 1-1CnOnb3YIOTCSl AnSl HYlKA cenbCKOro X03Sl~CTBa.

103

DISCOVERY OTKPbiTbiM M~P

OH MHe C,lleJiaJI JieT 20 Ha3a,ll, 11 eme CTOJihKO JKe OHa

OTXO,lii1T. Y HaC 6e3 JIO,liKI1 HI1KaK- B KaJK,liOH CeMhe

ITO ,l1Be-Tp11IIITYK11, Ha BCe CJiyqal1 lK113HI1: 11 poJKaTh

Ha JIO,liKe Be3eM, 11 XOpOHI1Th Ha HeM JKe>>.

,n:o6paThC51 ,110 Baci1JII151 6e3 JIO,liKI1 HeiTpocTo. 3To

c BO,llhi KaJKeTc51, qTo B BI1JIKOBe Bee p51,liOM. Ho ITern

KOM ITp11XO,lii1TC51 ,liOJiro ITJiyTaTh ITO Y3KI1M KJia,liKaM -

HaCTeJieHHhiM B,liOJih 3a6opOB MOCTKaM Ill11p11HOH

B O,liHy-,liBe ,liOCK11.lliaTKI1e «TpOTyapbl>> TO YIT11pa!OTC51

B KaHaJibl, KOTOpbie 3,lleCb, ITO aHaJIOr1111 C TypeQK11MI1

apbiKaMI1, Ha3b!Ba!OT ep11KaMI1, TO Bh!BO,li51T K MOCTI1-

KaM, ITepeKI1HYThiM c O,liHoro 6epera Ha ,11pyrol1.

B HeKOTOphiX ,liBopax yCTpoeHhi <<raBaHI1» ,111151

,liOMaillHI1X JIO,liOK. C O,liHOH 113 TaKI1X «ITapKOBOK»

BhiiiJihiBaeT MaJihqi1K. JlOBKO ITpOTaJIKI1BaeT y3KYIO

JIO,liKY TpexMeTpOBhiM IlleCTOM, HO Ha ITYTI1 - HI13KI1H

MOCTI1K. MaJihqi1IllKa OTO,liBI1raeTKaKy!O-TO IlleKOJI,lly,

11 MOCT ITO,liHI1MaeTC51. Pa3BO,l1Hhle MOCThl B BI1JIKOBe

IT051BI1JII1Ch paHhrne, qeM B IleTep6ypre.

104 DISCOVERY l110Hh 2012

1. 3ArDTOBKA TPOCT ·

H~KA Anll 3KOAOMOB

B EBPOnE - YYTb n~

HE EA~HCTBEHHbl ~

B~A3APA60TKAAnll

B~nKOBYAH 3~MO~

2. BECHO~ . nETOM

~ OCEHbiO 60nbW~H

CTBO MY>KY~H nPO

MbiWns:IIOT Pbi6HO~

nosnE~

3. noY~HKA CTAPO~

Pbi6Al.lKO~ nOAK~

~3rDTOBnEH~E

HOBO~ 060~AETCs:!

M~H~MYM

B 1500AOnnAPOB

ITo 6eperaM ep11KOB CT051T, yToiTa51 B HapQ11ccax

11 rHaQ11HTaX, q11CTO Bhi6eJieHHhie aKKypaTHhie ,liOMa.

CTp051T 11x B B1111KoBe ITO oco6ol1 TexHOJIOrHI1: ,llepe

B51HHhiH KapKaC y,lleplK11BaeT CTeHbl 113 cyxoro TpOCT

HI1Ka, KOTOpbie C o6e11x CTOpOH ITOKpbiBa!OT rycTbiM

CJIOeM peqHoro 11Jia. KpbiillY KOr,lla-TO Kpb!JII1 TeM JKe

TpOCTHI1KOM, KTO IT06oraqe- qepeiT11QeH. TaKOH Jier

K11H, 3KOJiomqecK11 qi1CThiH ,II OM KaJK,llhiH ro,11 HYJKHO

6eJII1Th, qaCTO IllTyKaTyp11Th. 3aTO ,llh!Illi1TC51 B HeM -

KaK B CTOre CeHa. 311M OM TOJICTbie ITOp11CTbie CTeHbl XO

porno ,llepJKaT TeiTJIO, a B JieTHI1H 3HOH ,llap51T ITpOXJia,lly.

fACTPOHOMUqECKUE diPEH,ll;hh K JKI1JII1111Y Baci1JII151 EhipqeHKO Be,lleT OT,lleJihHhiH

MOCT, KOTOpbiH YIT11paeTC51 B KaJII1TKy. TaKOe B03-

MOJKHO JII1Illh B BeHeQ111111 BI1JIKOBe. ToJihKO JKI1BeT

JIO,liOqHhiX ,lleJI MaCTep He B 11351111HOM ITaJiaQQO 11 ,llaJKe

He B Tpa,lii11.1110HHOM ,liOMe 113 11Jia 11 TpOCTHI1Ka, a ITp51-

MOB 3aBOt\CKOM Qexy, rt~e KOftja-TO CTpOHJUI J!Ot\Klf

tjJIJI MeCTHOfO pb!6KOJIX03a.

B BHJIKOBO BacwJim1 ITepeexaJI B 1960-x H3 CTeiT

Horo yKpawHcKoro ceJia. ,n:o ::JToro c JIOt~KaMH t~eJI He

HMeJI w HayKy MaJioro cyt~oCTpoeHHJI ITOCTHraJI y)!{e

3tjeCh. 3aTO cei1:qac 0 fJiaBHOM BHJIKOBCKOM TpaHC

ITOpTe OH 3HaeT BCe.

Tpat~Hl.IHOHHaJI MeCTHaJI J!Ot~Ka - tiJIHHHaJI «t~e

peBJIIIIKa>>, Ha KOTopoi1: yt~o6Ho w ITO y3KHM KaHaJiaM

ITJiaBaTb, If Ha )l:yHaH BhiXOtjlfTh, - ITpHIIIJia Ha 6e

pera )l:yHaJI H3 TypQHH. BacHJIHH yTBep)!{t~aeT, qTo

J!Ot\KH TaKoi1 KOHCTPYKI.IHH paciTpocTpaHeHhi Ha

qepHoMopcKoM ITo6epe)!{he OT CTaM6yJia t~o Ot~ecchr.

11 ecJIH Ha ITpomBOITOJIO)!{HOM, PYMhiHCKOM 6epery

,Z:J:yHaJI BCe qa111e MO)!{HO BCTpeTHTh COBpeMeHHhie

ITJiaCTHKOBbie ITJiaBCpetjCTBa, TO BHJIKOBqaHe e111e

tjep)!{aTCJI Tpat~HQHH.

Ha BoceMb mbzcJLtt JKumelleii BullKOBa npuxooumcJL OBe mblCJLttu l!OOOK. Ha u3zomoB!lotue xopouteii pbz6al(Koii uta!laHObl y Macmepa yxooum om OByx HeOellb oo MecJLl(a, u 3aKa3ttUKY oHa o6xooumcJL 6 no!lmopbl mblCJLttu OO!lllapoB.

Ho co6paTh HY)!{HYIO cyMMY - ITOJit~eJia, HY)!{HO e111e

HaHTH ITpaBHJihHhiH MaTepHaJI. <<PaHbiiie, B COBeTCKHe

BpeMeHa, Jlec H3 Cw6wpw Be3JIH - xopoiiiaJI 6hrJia,

ITJIOTHaJI t~peBecwHa. A cei1:qac t~OCKH KapiTaTcKwe -

tjpeBeCHHa BJia)!{HaJI, MJlfKaJI, IT03TOMY If JIOtjKH lf3 Hee

CJiy)!{aT MeHhiiie», - COKpyiiiaeTCJI BaCHJIHH.

HoBaJI,HeiTpOCMOJieHHaJIJIOt\KacTowTHacTaiTeJIJIX

B Qexy. E111e Ot~Ha, BHt~aBIIIaJI BHt\hi, Jle)!{HT Ha 6epery

KaHaJia,tjO)i{lftjaJICh ITOqlfHKH. foBopJIT, JIOtjKHY Bacw

JIHJI BhiXOtjJIT He ITpOCTO XOpOIIIHe, a «<l>apTOBbie>> - Ha

HHX pbr6aKH BCert~a B03Bpa!llaiOTCJI C YIIOBOM. fJiaB

HaJI pbr6a B BHJIKOBe - t~yHai1Ka, ceJiht\h, 3axot~JI

!llaJI B ,Z:J:yHaH lf3 "llepHOfO MOpJI. 3TO )!{e If OCHOBHaJI

3t~eiiiHJIJI et~a. Et~JIT CeJiet~KY BapeHOH, C XJ!e60M HJIH

KapTOIIIKOH. A 3aiTHBaiOT MeCTHhiM CJiatjKHM BHHOM,

KOTOpb!M BHJIKOBqaHe oqeHb roptjJITCJI. BHHorpatj

oco6oro copTa <<HOBaK» Bhrpa!liHBaiOT Ha peqHoM

HJ!e. BITpoqeM, KaK If BCe OCTaJihHOe.

B HaqaJie JieTa B BwJIKOBe MO)!{HO yBwt~eTh TaKyiO

KapTHHy: CTOJI ITO ITOJIC B BOtje, X03JIHH ITOtjHHMaeT HJI

co t~Ha epwKa HaiTpOTHB cBoero t~oMa w Bhr6pacbmaeT

K ce6e Ha t~Bop. Kort~a HJI ITOt~coxHeT, ero ITepeHOCJIT

Ha rpJit\Klf, Ha KOTOpb!X qero TOJihKO HeT: KapTOIIIKa,

ThiKBa, Ka6aqKlf, orypl.lbl, ITOMlft\Opbi. .. Ho OCHOBHhie

BHJIKOBCKHe ITJiaHTaQHH HaXOtjJITCJI Ha tjaJibHHX t~y

HaHCKHX OCTpOBaX, rt~e y JIHITOBaH - reKTapbl, 3a

Ca)!{eHHbie BHIIIHeH, JI6JIOHJIMH, rpyiiiaMH, aHBOH.

3a Jirot~aMw w <l>PYKTaMw c MaJI B BHJIKOBO TJIHYTCJI

rpy3oBHKH co Bcei1: Y KpaHHhi. BHJIKOBCKaJI KJiy6HHKa

Ha OtjeCCKOM I1pHB03e- <<6peHtj>> He MeHee lf3BeCT-

Hb!H, qeM BYIJIKOBCKa.H ):lyHaHKa. IloKyrraTeJIH3HaiOT,

qTO JIYIIIOBaHe CBOYI rp.H,'IK¥1 XYIMHeH He y):lo6p.HIOT:

peqHoi1 HJI caM rro ce6e ):laeT apoMaT M BKyc JII06oMy

IIJIO):Iy.

IJoqTH Ka)l{,'la.H 3,'\eiiiH.H.H ceMh.H 3arracaeT Ha

3HMY rrapy 6oqeK BHHa. Kor,'la 6oqKy BCKphiBaiOT,

X03.HHKa II MilleT MeJIOM Ha KaJIHTKe: <<BYIH01>. ,[(JI.H

JII06oro IIpOXO)I{efO 3TO 3HaqHT, qTo MO)I{HO 3aHTYI

B TeHYICTbiH ,'\BOp Yl BbiiiYITb CTaKaH-,'lpyroi1. CTapHKYI

BopqaT, qTo Yl B II OCT MOJIO,'Ie)l{b Terrepb <<,'\yeT HOBaK

6yThiJI.HMH>>. Ha,'IIIHCh <<BHHO>> 6eJieeT Ha KaJIHTKe

,'la)l{e HarrpOTYIB BXO):Ia B l.(epKOBb.

UACXA HA CBOH MAHEP CTapoo6p.H,'II.Ihi-JIHIIOBaHe, KaK M Bee xpHCTHaHe,

0,'\HYIM ¥13 fJiaBHbiX rrpa3):1HYIKOB cqHTaiOT Ilacxy.

106 DISCOVERY l1IOHb 2012

CoJIHeqHhiM arrpeJihCKHM BOCKpeceHheM B xpaMe,

OCB.HI.l.(eHHOM B 1913 fO):Iy B qeCTb CB.HTOfO HHKO

Jia.H - IIOKpOBYITeJI.H MOpeXO):IOB Yl pbi6aKOB, He rrpo

TOJIKHYTbC.H. Hap.H,'IHO o):leTbie JIIO):IH 3aXO,'I.HT B 1.1ep-

AOCbE DISCOVERY

111o1nOBAHE- CTapoo6pSlAL\bl nonOBCKOro HanpasneHI-ISl, TO eCTb Te , 'lbl-1

06Ll.\I-1Hbl He OTKa3ani-1Cb OT CBSlll.\eHHI-IKOB. npeAnOnaraiOT, YTO CnOBO «nl-lnOBa

He» - 3TO 1-!CKa>KeHHOe «<jll-lnl-lnnOBL\bl» (TaK Ha3biBaeTCSl OAHO 1-13 6ecnonOBCKI-IX

COrnaCI-!Ci CTapoo6pSlAL\eB- HO AOBOnbHO YaCTO <jmnl-lnnOBL\aMI-1 1-!CTOpi-!YeCKI-Ie

I-ICTOYHI-IKI-1 1-!MeHyiOT cTapoo6pSlAL\eB s 1..\enoM). Bnepsble o «nl-lnosaHax» ynOMI-1-

HaeT aBCTpi-~CiCKI-!Ci AOKyMeHT 1733 rOAa- B 3TO BpeMSl Teppi-~TOpi-11-1 BOCTOYHOCi

Esponbl, KyAa 6e>Kana OT npecneAOBaHI-ICi 3HaYI-1TenbHaSJ YaCTb cTapoo6pSlAL\eB,

npi-IHaAne>Kanl-1 aBCTpi-~CiCKOCi KOpOHe. V13 HeMel\KOro 3TO CnOBO npOHI-!KnO B py

MbiHCKI-!Ci, a y>Ke 1-13 Hero- B Apyrl-le Sl3biKI-1 , Ha KOTOpbiX rOBOpSlT BOCTOYHOeBpO

neeiCKI-Ie nl-lnOBaHe, B TOM YI-!Cne 1-1 B pyCCKI-!Ci. VlHTepeCHO, YTO nopoei nl-lnOBaHe

Ha3biBaiOT ce6Sl «nl-lnl-lnOHaMI-1» - YTO TO>Ke npOI-ICXOAI-IT OT 1-!MeHI-1 <!JI-Inl-lnn.

KOBh, CTeiTeHHO KpeCT.HTCH tiBYMH ITepCTaMH, a 3aTeM

HH3KO KJJaHHJOTCH BCeM ITpHCYTCTBYIOJliHM CO CJIOBa

MH «XpHCTOC BOCKpece!». <<BOHCTHHY BOCKpece!» -

HeCeTCH ITO xpaMy OTBeTHhiH ry11. B TOJIITe JIHITOBaH

CTOHT H KOH,'IpaT C HHKOJiaeM - ITO,'ICTpmKeHHhie,

ITpWieCaHHhie H rJia,'IKO Bhi6pHThie. Phi6aKOB B HHX

Bhi,T~aeT TOJihKO TeMHO-KOpHqHeBhiH 3arap Ha JIHJ.jaX

H pyKaX, KOHTpaCTHPYIOJliHH C 6eJIH3HOH ITapa,T~HhiX py6aweK.

Ha ttacax - 10 ympa. K 3moMy BpeMeHu mpaOUf1UOHHall3aympeHJl6 Opyzou l(epK6U, moJKe HUKOJlae6CKOU, Ho OJ!Jl npuBepJKeHf1e6 HoBozo f1epKo6Hozo o6p5loa, yJKe oaBHO 3aKOHttUJlacb. JiunoBaHe, 6Mecmo mow ttmo-6bz nooHuMambCJl Hu cBem Hu 3ap5l, npeonottummom npuxooumb Ha nacxallbHYIO cllyJK6y, KaK cJleoyem BbzcnaBwucb.

"llacosoe 6orocJiy)l(eHHe saKaHqHsaeTCH Tpat~HQHOH

Hh!M KpeCTHhiM XO,'IOM, BO BpeM.H KOTOpOrO 6aTJOIIIKa

He )l(aJieeT CBHTOH BO,'Ihi. BhiMOKIIIHe, CJIOBHO ITOCJie

xopowero ,'IO)I(,'IH, ITpHXO)I(aHe o6HHMaJOTCH, IT0-

3t~paBJIHJOT t~pyr t~pyra H CJiaB.HT <<Hcyca>> - HMeHHO

TaK ITPOH3HOCHT JIHITOBaHe HMH X pH eTa.

KoHt~paT c HHKOJiaeM 6epyT ocBHJlleHHhie KYJIH

qH, HHQa H pacxot~HTCH c ceMhHMH ITO t~oMaM. IIocJie

ITpast~HHqHoro o6et~a MY)I(CKaH ITOJIOBHHa HaceJieHHH

BHJIKOBa BHOBh MeH.HeT BhlfJia)l(eHHhie 6p!OKH H py-

6aiiiKH Ha ITpHBhJqHhie 6pe3eHTOBhie po6hi, CKJia,'lhi

BaeT CHaCTH B JIO,'IKH H C06HpaeTCH Ha .lJ:yHaH. BOT-BOT

06'h.HBHT Tpa,T~HQHOHHhiH ITacxaJihHhiH 3aiTpeT Ha JIOB

CeJih,'IH- pbi6e ,'jaJOT ITpOHTH BBepx ITO peKe Ha HepeCT.

Phi6aKH TopoiTHTCH. Bet~h B BHJIKOBe, KaK H TPH CTOJie

THH Ha3a,'l, )I(HBYT TeM, qTo ,T~aeT rJiaBHa.H eBpOITeHCKa.H

peKa, H YITOBaJOT JIHIIIh Ha Eora H CBOH CHJihl. D

nPOCTPAHCTBO

CTAP006P>1.[\YECKIIIX

XPAMOB B BlllnKOBE

.[\EnliiTC>l HA )I(EH·

CKYIO Ill MY)I(CKYIO

n onosliiHbr. n ocnE

nliiTYPrllllll , 3ABEPWA

IOLJ.1EIIi nACXAnbHOE

50roCnY)I(EHIIIE,

B CB>lTO-HliiKOnAEB

CKOM XPAME BbiCTPA

liiBAETC>l OYEPE.Qb

K nPIIIYACTIIIIO

107

DISCOVERY

8 MUpe K(J)Kifb/U I/8Hb nOHBflfi/OTCfl HOBb/8 881.1411, npUifYMaHHb/8 1/flfl TOfO, 'IT06bl nOMO'Ib

HaM BCIOI/Y ycneTb U nony'IUTb npu 3TOM OT )I(UJHU MaKCUMYM YIIOBOflbCTBUfl.

HOBOEnOKOJlEHVIE

,[(Ba fO,lla Ha3a,ll HIIOHCKI1H KOHL\epH Subaru B3HJI Kypc Ha 06HOBJieHI1e MO,lleJihHOfO pH,lla CBOI1X aBTOM0611JieH. Ha 3a

Bepiii11BIIIeMCH He,llaBHO aBTocaJioHe B HhiO-HopKe Subaru rrpe,llcTaBI1JI HeCKOJihKO pecTaHJII1HrOBhiX MO,lleJiei1, B TOM

q11c11e sepc1110 2013 ro,11a rrorrynHpHoro ce,llaHa Subaru Legacy. Mo,llepH11311poBaHHOMY Legacy OT rrpe,liiiieCTBeHH11Ka

,liOCTaJICH OCOBpeMeHeHHhiH, HO rro-rrpe)I<HeMy Y3HaBaeMbiH BHeUIHI1H Bl1,ll, O,liHaKO BCe OCTaJibHOe rrpeTeprreJIO 113Me

HeHI1H. 3a cqeT 6oJiee HI13KOfO pacrrOJIOJKeHI1H ,liBI1faTeJIH 11 BHe,llpeHI1H HOBOH CI1CTeMbl IIIaCCI1 caJIOH CTaJI IIpOCTOpHee,

B ero OT,lleJIKe 11CIIOJ!b30BaHbl CaMbie rrepe,liOBbie MaTep11aJibl 11 TeXHOJ!Ofl111. Ho fJiaBHbie 113MeHeHI1H - IIO,ll KaiiOTOM.

HOBbiH qeTb!peXL\111111H,llpOBbiH OIIII0311THbiH ,liBI1raTeJih 06beMOM OT 2,110 2,5 JI11Tpa (B 3aBI1CI1MOCTI1 OT MO,lll1qmKal.\1111)

o6na,11aeT rroBhiiiieHHhiM KIT,[( 11 Tpe6yeT MeHhiiiero pacxo,11a TOIIJII1Ba. BhiCOKOTexHoJiomqHaH MO.ll11<l>Hl.\11poBaHHaH

KOHCTPYKL\11H yc1111eHHoro KapKaca KY30Ba KOJihUeo6pa3Horo rrpo<P1111H o6ecrreq11saeT BhiCOKI1H ypoBeHh 6e3orracHOCTI1

rrp11 y,11apax B JI106y10 qaCTb aBTOM0611JIH 11 MI1HI1MI1311pyeT paCXO,llbl Ha peMOHT rrp11 JiefKI1X CTOJIKHOBeHI1HX.


YllbTPATOHKVI~ VI CTVIJlbHbl~

Kor,lla-To KoKo lliaHeJih cKa3ana:

<<MO,lla rrpOXO,lii1T, CTI1Jih OCTaeT-

CH » . 3HaMeHI1TbiH a<l>op113M yMeCTeH •

He TOJ!bKO B o6JiaCTI1 <l>3IIIH-11H.liYCTp1111 , HO 11 B OCTaJibHbiX

c<l>epax JKI13HI1. 5IIIOHCKI1H KOHL\epH Toshiba rrpe,liCTaBJIH

eT cep1110 TeJieBI13opoB VL963 c 3KpaHaMI1,ll11aroHaJihiO

OT 107,110 140 caHTHMeTpos. YJihTpaTOHKI1e arrrrapaThi

IIOJIHOCTbiO COBMeCTI1Mbl C orrepal.\110HHOH CI1CTeMOH

Windows 7 11 rrp11 rroMOil.\11 ,liOIIOJIHI1TeJibHoro a,11amepa

6ecrrpOBO,liHOH CeTI1 MOfYT TpaHC1111pOBaTh Bl1,lleO C KOM

IIhiOTepa. ABTOMamqecKaH KaJI116pOBKa rrp11,11aeT 3KpaHy

11,lleaJibHYIO KOHTpaCTHOCTb, 1..\BeTOBYIO HaCbiiL\eHHOCTb

11 rny611Hy, a <l>YHKL\11H Audissey Premium pery1111pyeT

Bb!COKI1e 11 HI13KI1e 3BYKOBbie qacTOTbl, IIO,liCTpa11BaH 11X

K ycJIOBI1HM rroMell.\eHI1H. K TeJieBI13opaM 3Toi1 cep1111

rrp1111ara10TCH qeTbipe rrapbl 3D-oqKOB, II03TOMY HaCJiaJK

,llaTbCH <l>11JibMaMI1 B TpexMepHOM <l>opMaTe MOJKeT cpa3y

BCH CeMhH.

A6COntOTHASI CB060AA l 3n:_raHTHblll ~113aHH, MI1HI1aTIO~- •

Hb!H CTaJibHOI1 KOprryc, MOIIIHb!H

OIITH'IeCKI1H3yM, o6ecrre'II1BaiOIIII1ll20-KpaTHOe

yBeJII1'1eHI1e, 11 caMaH coBpeMeHHaH Ha cerot~HHIIIHI1i1

}:leHh ::weKTpOHHa51 Ha'II1HKa - TaKOBbl OTJII1'111TeJib-

Hhle 'IepThi YHI1BepcaJihHhiX MOt~eneH: ¢oToKaMep

Canon PowerS hot SX, o6ecrre'II1BaiOIIII1X a6coniOT-

HYIO CBo6ot~y C'beMKI1. Pe)I{I1M Smart Auto crroco6eH

pacrro3HaBaTb 58 TI1IIOB Cl\eH, a rrporpaMMa Face ID

MO)I{eT 3aiiOMI1HaTb }:10 12 Jll11.\ 11 rapaHT11pyeT, 'ITO BCe

JIIO}:II1, HaXO}:I511I111eC51 B Ka}:lpe, Beer }:Ia 6yt~yT B <!JoKy-

ce. Xy}:IO)I{eCTBeHHhie <lJ11JibTpbl IIOMOryT IIOJIY'II1Tb

CHI1MKI1 6e3 113'b51HOB - BaM He IIp11}:1eTC51 IIOJib30-

BaTbC51 rpa<!JwieCKI1MI1 pe}:laKTOpaMI1, 'IT06bi IIp11}:1aTb

<!JoTorpa<lJI151M JIOCK.

KY60K RENAULT L HhiHeiiiHI1M neTOM Ha HOBoi1 Tpacce •

Moscow Raceway rrpoH:t~eT O}:II1H 113 ::narroB

M11poBoi1 roHO'IHOH cep1111 World Series by Renault (WSR).

3TO BTOpbie ITO IIOIIYJI51pHOCTI1 IIOCJie <<<l>OpMyJibi-1» aBTOfOHKI1

B M11pe. B rrpoiiiJIOM rot~y B HI1X rrp11HHJII1 yqacme 35 rrpo¢ec

CI10HaJihHhiX KOMaH}:I, BKJIIO'IaBIIII1X 80 III1JIOTOB 11312 CTpaH

M11pa. 0 BhiCO'Iaii:IIIeM ypoBHe rOHii111KOB WSR roBOp11T TOT

<!JaKT, 'ITO 60Jibiiii1HCTBO III1JIOTOB «<l>OpMyJibi-1» B pa3Hble

ro}:lbi cTaHOBI1JII1Ch 'leMrrl1oHaMI1 WSR. Ha MHomx Meporrp11-

HTHHX WSR 3p11TeJIHM rrpet~ocTaBJIHeTcH B03MO)I{HOCTh 3arJIH

HYTh 3a KYJII1Chi aBTocrropTa, 6yt~eT TaK 11 BO BpeMH poccl1i1CKoro

:3Tarra - rrepBOfO B 11CTOp1111, - KOTOpblll IIpOH}:IeT 14-15 11IOJI51

2012 fO}:Ia Ha 77-M KI1JIOMeTpe HOBOp11)1{CKOfO IIIOCCe. 3p11TeJII1

CMoryT YBI1}:1eTb 3aXBaTbiBaiOIIII1e COCTH3aHI1H 11 II03HaKOMI1TbCH

C CaMhiMI1 IIOCJie}:IHI1MI1 HOBI1HKaMI1 Renault.

nP~BET, TB!

IIoxo)l{e, Ha pbiHKe TeJieBI130pOB Full HD •

Ha3peBaeT HOBaH peBOJIIOI.\11H. Ee B}:IOXHO

BI1TeJII1 - 11H)I{eHepbl KOMIIaHI111 Samsung, pa3pa6oTaBIIII1e

TeJieBI130pbl C fOJIOCOBbiM 11HTep<!Jei1COM. HOBI1HKaM cep1111

ES8000 11 ES7500 tiOCTaTO'IHO cKa3aTh « I1p11BeT, TB!>>, 'IT06hi

aKTHB11pOBaTb ::ny <!JyHKI.\1110, 11 }:laJibHeHIIIee yrrpaBJieHI1e MO)I{

HO ocymecTBJIHTh ronocoM. TeneBI130pbi pacrro3HaiOT oKoJio

70 KOMaH}:I Ha 30 H3biKaX, B TOM 'II1CJie 11 Ha pyccKOM. KpoMe

Toro, 6narot~apH HD-KaMepe TeJieBI13opoM MO)I{HO yrrpaBJIHTh

11 rrp11 IIOMOIIII1 )l{eCTOB - rrepeJII1CThiBaTh CTpaHI11.\bl B 11HTepHe

Te, peryJI11pOBaTb ypoBeHb rpOMKOCTI1, rrepeKJIIO'IaTb KaHaJibl.

TaKoe rrpocToe reoMeTp11'1ecKoe Teno, KaK IIIap,

CTaJIO 11CTO'IHI1KOM B}:IOXHOBeHI1H 11306peTaTe-

JIH ,IJ;)I{ellMCa ,IJ;aHCOHa 11 KOMaH}:Ibl 11H)I{eHepOB

113 KOMrraHI111 Dyson. B pa6oTe Hat~ IIhiJiecocoM

Dyson BaWM DC36 11M yt~anocb peiiii1Th HerrpoCTyiO

3a}:la'ly: CIIpHTaTb B KOMIIaKTHOM IIIape 3JieMeHTbl

KOHCTPYKI.\1111, B TOM '111CJie 3JieKTPOtiBI1raTeJih,

HEP A -¢11JibTpbi , ceTeBoi1 IIIHYP 11 t~pyme t~eTaJII1 -

BCero 112 e}:II1HI11.\. B 11TOfe IIOJIY'II1JICH MOIIIHblll,

MaHeBpeHHhiH 11 ycTOH'II1Bhii1 IIhiJiecoc, oCHameH

HhiH <<YMHOH>> meTKOll, KOTOpaH CaMa paCII03HaeT

IIOJIOBOe IIOKpb!TI1e 11 peryn11pyeT IIOJIO)I{eHI1e me

TI1Hbl. KoMrraKTHhiH DC36 rrot~XOt\11T t~JIH He6oJih

IIII1X KBapT11p, 11 y6opKa C HI1M He 6yt~eT B THfOCTb.

109

MACTEPA lllnn 103lll M 0ChMMHOr, XaMeJieOH, IIaJIOqHMK- qTO 06Illero y 3TMX pa3HhiX

rrpe,n;cTaBMTeJiei1 )I(MBOTHoro u;apcTsa? Bee OHM - qeMIIMOHhi no

MaCKMpOBKe B CBOeM KJiacce, M 3Ta JII060IIhiTHa.H qepTa .HBJI.HeTC.H

CJie,ll;CTBMeM MX He06hiqHOH CIIOC06HOCTM K <l_)M3MOJIOfMqecKOMY

M3MeHeHMIO OKpaCKM.

~ CserllaHa CAcDOHOBA

Csoii:cTBOM 113MeH51Th QBeTTeJia o6nat~aiOT

MHOr11e )!(11BOTHbie. Y rraJIOqHI1KOB, KOTO

pble 3a 5-7 qacos MoryT MeH.HTh oKpaCKy

B 3aBI1CI1MOCTI1 OT cpe):lbl 0611TaHI151, B Qap

CTBe HaCeKOMbiX eCTb ):IOCTOHHhie correp

H11K11. MoJIOtlhie oco611 opx11t~eii:Horo 6o

roMoJia (Hymenopus coronatus), o6biqHo

6eJibie, <<rrepeKpanmsaiOTC51» B TOH QBeT

KaM pacTeHI1H, Ha KOTOpbiX OHI1 )!(11ByT.

A caMQhi ascTpaiii1HCKoro KY3Heqi1Ka-

~~~-e~~?~_a_ _ !\~~~i-~~C:~~a_ _ !~i~!~~ _ ~<!f_r_g~~~ _ KpacKaM11» rrp11 113MeHeHI111 TeMrrepaTy-

pbi oKpy)!(aiOll.leii: cpet~hi. Hx rroqm qep

HhiH XI1TI1HOBhiH ITOKpOB CBeTJieeT, KOr):la

TeMrrepaTypa ITO):IH11MaeTC51 BbiiJle 10 °C.

IIpoQecc 3arrycKaeTc51 asToMaTI1qecKI1,

HaCeKOMOe HI1KaK ero He KOHTpOII11pyeT.

B XI1TI1HOBOM rroKpose KY3Heqi1Ka rrp11-

MepHo B 0):111HaKOBbiX rrporrOpQ115IX CO,'Iep

)!(aTC51 KJieTKI1 C KOp11qHeBbiM ITI1rMeHTOM

11 o6bJqHhie, rrp03paqHhie. Ilp11 ):IOCTI1)!(e

HI11125-rpat~ycHoii: TeMrrepaTyphi rrl1rMeH

T11posaHHhie KJieTKI1 orrycKaiOTC51 K 3H):IO

KYTI1KYJie - HI1)!(HeMy CJIOIO XI1TI1HOBoro

ITOKpOBa, B TO BpeM51 KaK rrp03paqHbie

KJieTKI1 ITO):IHI1MaiOTC51 K 3K30KYTI1KyJie,

sepxHeMy cJioiO. B pe3yJihTaTe KY3Heqi1-

KI1 OKpaii111BaiOTC51 B 5IpK0-611pl030BbiH

OTTeHOK, rrp11BJieKaiOll.II1H BHI1MaHI1e ca

MOK, rrp11qeM Ha ITOJIHYIO CMeHy Hap.H,'Ia

CaMQaM ITOpOH ):IOCTaTOqHO 15 MI1HyT.

MaH5lll.ll1e Kpa6bi Uca vomeris 6bma

IOT tiBYX paCQBeTOK - 5IpK11e CI1HI1e 11 He

B3paqHhie cepo-Kop11qHeBhie. Bee t~eJio

B TOM, qTO BTOpbie 0611TaiOT ITO COCe):ICTBY

C Xl1ll.IHhiMI1 ITT11QaMI1, a TaM, f):le Kpa6aM

Hl1qTo He yrpo)!(aeT, OHI111MeiOT Kpacoq

HhiH Bl1):1. IIp11113MeHeHI111 ycJIOBI1H o611-

TaHI151 Uca vomeris «rrepeKpaii111BaiOTC51>>

B TeqeHI1e 3-4 t~Heii:.

MHorot~HeBHhiH 3Kcrrep11MeHT, rrpo

Be):leHHhiH B aMep11KaHCKOM AIIMa-KoJI

Jie,'l)!(e, tiOKa3aJI, qTo not~ cpet~y o611Ta

Hl151 rrot~cTpa11BaiOTC51 t~a)!(e qeperrax11.

A 11MeHHO - pacrr11cHa.H ( Chrysemys pi eta

marginata) 11 KpaCHoyxa.H (Trachemys

scripta elegans). HccJie):IOBaTeJII1 so rJiase

c ):IOKTopoM ,[()!(OHOM Poy11 Ha rrpOT5I)!(e

HI111160 t~Heii: Ha6JIIO):IaJII1 3a peiTTI1JII151-

MI1, ITOMell.leHHbiMI1 B pa3Hble ycJIOBI151,

11 peryJI.HpHO 113Mep5IJII1 11HTeHCI1BHOCTb

QBeTa 11x rraH1111peM:. 'Ieperrax11, Haxot~51-

llll1ec.H B qepHOM Teppap11yMe, ITOCTerreHHO

CTaHOBI1JII1Cb TeMHee, a )!(11BOTHhie B 6e

JIOM KOHTeHHepe, Ha060pOT, CBeTJieJII1.

A TEUEPh ... 3EJIEHhiU! CaMhiH 113BeCTHhiH )!(11TeJih Hallleii: rrJiaHe

Thi, MeH5IlOll.I11H OKpaCKy,- XaMeJieOH. 3m

rrp11qYtiiii1Bbie C03):1aHI151 Ha rrpOT5I)!(eHI111

MI1JIJII10HOB JieT 3BOJIIOQ1111 - OHI1 )!(11JII1

Ha 3eMJie ell.le B MeJiosoM: rrep11ot1! - rrp11-

o6peJII1 He TOJihKO <l>eHOMeHaJihHYIO CITO

C06HOCTh 6hiCTpO 113MeH51Th QBeT KO)!(HOfO

rroKposa, HO 11 Yt111BI1TeJihHYIO CTPYKTYPY

opraHoB 3peHI151. Hx rJia3a He3aBI1CI1Mhi

t\pyr OT t\pyra 11 MoryT Bpall.laTbC51 B pa3Hb!X

HarrpaBJieHI15IX, 6Jiarot~ap51 qeMy 11x rroJie

3peHI151 cocTaBJI.HeT rroqm 360 rpat~ycos.

Ha Heo6waible cBoiicmBa xaMeJZeoHa o6-paU(aJZ BHUMaHue eU(e ApucmomeJZb. OH cpaBHUBaJL cydb6y tteJZOBeKa C JICU3Hb10 3m0-20 JICUBOmHozo u cttumaJZ, ttmo cocmoJIHUe cttacmbfl uJZu Hecttacmbfl JZJOOeii - maKoe JKe npOJIBJZeHue HenocmoJIHCmBa, KaKy pa3-HOL(BemHozo npeCMblKGJOU(eZOCJl.

IIepBbiM 3HQ11KJiorre):II1CTOM, orrl1cas

llli1M xaMeJieoHa, 6biJI errl1cKorr Hc11t~Op

CeBI1JihCKI1H, )!(11Bllli1H Ha py6e)!(e VIVII BeKoB. B csoeM Tpyt~e «3TI1MOJIOrl111»

OH y):leJII1JI peiTTI1JII111 HeCKOJibKI1X CTpOK:

111

«XaMeJieOH He HMeeT e):IHHOH OKpaCKfl,

OH, IIO):I06HO Jieorrap}:ly, YCbiiiaH MHO)I(e

CTBOM IIHTeH, HO pa3JIH'!Hh!X 1.\BeTOB. Ero

TeJIO JierqaifiiiHM rrpeBpameHHeM H3MeHH

eT OKpacKy B Te '-\BeTa, KOTOphie OH BH):If!T;

y tiPYrHX )I(HBOTHhiX KO)I(a TaK JierKO He

rrpeo6pa)l(aeTCH>>.

nJO}:IH, He 3HaH 0 )l(fi3HeHHOM 1.\fiKJie

xaMeJieoHa, Hat~eJIHJifl ero cBepxbeCTe

CTBeHHhiMfl crroco6HOCTHMH. C'!HTaJIOCh,

HaiipHMep, '-ITO OH IIf!TaeTCH B03t1YXOM, -

TaK KaK rrepBhie perrTHJiflfl, rrorrat~aBnme

B Ca):lbl eBporreifCKOH 3HaTf! , Hf!'-!eM fl3

rrpe):IJIO)I(eHHhiX f!M yromeHfiH He f!HTe

peCOBaJif!Ch: B Ka'-leCTBe KOpMa f!M IIhiTa

Jif!Ch ):laBaTb BCe '-ITO yrO):IHO, KpOMe Ha

CeKOMhiX. A B Cpet~HHe BeKa xaMeneoHa

C'-lf!TaJif! ):lhHBOJihCKf!M OTpO):IbeM, IIpH

Hf!MaJOII.\fiM pa3Jifi'-!Hhie o6JifiKfl , '-IT06hi

06MaHhiBaTh rrpaBe):IHhiX KaTOJif!KOB.

IlpH'-If!Ha HeiiOCTOHHCTBa '-\BeTa, KO

He'-!HO )l(e, ):laJieKa OT Maff!f! fl BIIOJIHe

o6bHCHHMa. XaMeneoH fi3MeHHeT oKpaCKy

B 3aBf!Cf!MOCTfl OT TeMrrepaTyphl , OCBe-

11.\eHHH, BJia)I(HOCTfl fl CBOero COCTOHHHH:

ronot~a, Hcrryra, arpeccHH fl T. ):1.; pe)l(e -

'-IT06bi CJif!ThCH C OKpy)l(aJOII.\eH o6cTaHOB

KOH, rrpome roBopH, t~IIH MHMHKpHH.

CeKpeTxaMeneoHa- BxpoMaTocpopax,

IlflfMeHTHhiX KJieTKaX, Ha3BaHHe KOTOpb!X

B rrepeBot~e c rpeqecKoro 03Ha<JaeT «Hecy-

11.\He OKpaCKY*· XpoMaTocpopbi, pacrrona

raJOII.\HecH B pa3Hh!X CJIOHX KO)I(fl, rrpe):I

CTaBJIHJOT co6oif pa3BeTBJieHHbie KJieTKfl

C HaXO}:IHII.\f!Mf!CH B Hf!X opraHeJIJiaMf!

C KOpH'-!HeBbiM f!Jifl qepHbiM (MeJiaHocpo

pbl) , KpaCHhiM f!Jifl opaH)I(eBhiM (3pHTpO

cpopbl), )l(eJIThiM (KCaHTOcpOpbl) fl 6eJihiM

(neifKocpopbi) rrHrMeHTaMH. EcTh eme

O):lf!H Bfl):l xpoMaTOcpopoB - Hpflt\Ocpopbl,

o6ecrre<JHBaJOII.\He oTpa)l(eHHe fl pacceH

BaHHe CBeTa. 3TO ):laeT 6JieCK fl rrepeiif!Bhl

1.\BeTOB. B BepxHHX CJIOHX KO)I(fl xaMeneoHa

HaXO):IHTCH KCaHTOcpOpbl fl 3pHTpOcpOpbl,

IIO):I Hf!Mfl - Hpflt\Ocpopbl, a B 6a3aJibHOM

cnoe - yqacTKe KO)I(fl, rrpHneraJOmeM He

rrocpet~CTBeHHO K t~epMe , - MeJiaHocpophi.

He B):laBaHCh B t~aJihHeifnme Xf!Mf!K0-

6HonomqecKHe IIO):Ip06HOCTfl, CKa)l(eM

JIHIIIh, '-ITO xaMeJieOHhi crroco6Hhi H3Me

HHTh CBOJO OKpacKy He TOJihKO Herrpo

fi3BOJihHO IIO):I ):leHCTBfleM cpH3fl'-leCKf!X

fl IICf!XOJIOrH'-IeCKf!X pa3):1pa)l(f!TeJieif, HO

Hl\eJieHarrpaBJieHHO.

UOABOAHAHQBETOMY3hlKA Bonwe6HhiMH xpoMaTo<PopaMH o6na

,11aJOT He TOJihKO xaMeneOHhi. B BO,l1HOM

QapCTBe IIO,l106Hb!e CBOHCTBa eCTb y ,lje

C51TKOB BH,l10B MOJIJIJOCKOB 11 pbi6 , a TaK

)I(e y HeKOTOpb!X aM<PH6HH . 0ChMHHOfl1,

KaJihMapbl 11 KapaKaTHQbl - qeMIIHOHhl

IIO IIO,l1BO,l1HOH MaCKHpOBKe.

paMH Onychoteuthis banksii, BhiJIOBJieH

HhiMH y rro6epe)l(b51 qHJIHH IIOMell.leHHbi

MH B aKBapHyM, yqeHbie 06Hapy)I(HJII1 HX

Y.l1HBHTeJihHYJO crroco6HoCTh MrHoBeHHO

« rrepeKpawHBaThCR>> 113 rrpo3paqHoro

COCT051HI151 B 06hrqHoe, KOf,l1a QBeT TeJia

MOJIJIJOCKa CTaHOBHTC51 KpaCHhiM, 11 o6-

paTHO, ,ljeMOHCTpHpyR, TaKHM o6pa30M,

BeJIHKOJieiiHYJO CTpaTerHJO MaCKHpOBKH. IT pHHQHII H3MeHeHH51l.IBeTa ronoBoHo

mx o6ycnoBJieH ,l1e<PopMaQHeM: xpoMaTo

<PopoB IIO,l1,11eHCTBHeM HepBHh!X HMIIYJib

COB. Kor,11a o6'beM KJieTKH yBeJIJ1qJ1BaeTc51

HJIH yMeHbUlaeTC51, 113MeH51eTC51 KOHQeH

TpaQH51 C0,11ep)l(all.lefOC51 B HeM IIHfMeHTa.

3a CeKyH.l1Y ,11By)l(a6epHbie MOJIJIJOCKH MO

ryT rroMeHRTh QBeT HeCKOJihKO pa3! Tenh

Qe OCbMHHOfa HJIH KapaKaTHQbl HrpaeT

KpacKaMH, KaK JiaMIIQqKJ1 B QBeTOMY3b!Ke.

A KaJihMaphr MOfYT O.l1HOBpeMeHHO pewaTh

,11Be3a,l1aqH:HarrpHMep,0,11HOHIIOJIOBHHOH

TeJia, MeH5151 paCQBeTKy, IIpHBJieKaTb rrapT

Hepa, a ,11pyroif - OTIIYrHBaTb XHll.IHHKOB.

M qeM rny6)1(e orrycKaeTCR )I(HBOTHoe, TeM

HaChill.leHHee CTaHOBHTC51 ero QBeT.

MolllliOCKOB noOHUMaJ!U c Zlly6uHbt800Mempoe 6o!lee cymoK, lfmo6bt oHu MOZJlU nocmeneHHO aoanmupoeambCJl K U3MeHJIIOU(eMYC5l oaeJleHUIO, noc!le 11ezo ux noMecmu!lu 6 cneU,UaJlbHblU aKBapuyM, UMUmupyiOU(UU ocBeU(eHue Ha Zlly6uHe ux o6umaHUJl. JlJ060IIb!THOe OTKpbiTHe C,ljeJiaJia B IIpO

UlJIOM ro,11y rpyrrrra yqeHhiX 113 YHHBepcH

TeTa ,[(hJOKa (wTaT CeBepHaR KaponHHa)

rro,11 pyKoBO.l1CTBOM Caphr 3HJIHHCKH, Ha

rrpOT51)1(eHHI1 MHOfHX JieT H3yqaJOll.leH ro

JIOBOHOfHX. Pa60Ta51 c rny6oKOBO,l1HhiMH

ocbMHHoraMH Japetella heathi 11 KaJibMa-

TaKHe CBOHCTBa, rro YTBep)l(,l1eHHJO Hc

cJie,l1oBaTeJieM:, 6hiJIH o6Hapy)l(eHhi Brrep

Bhre . MexaHH3M 6hrJI Bhrpa6oTaH opra

HH3MaMH Ha IIpOT51)1(eHHI1 Tb!C5J:qeJieTHH.

3TH MOJIJIJOCKH-HeBH,l111MKI1 MHrpHpyJOT

HE TAKII1E, KAK BCE

no51BJleHI-1e M11eKOni-1TaiOL1!1-1X

C HeTI-1ni-1~HbiM A11511-1X BI-1Aa

OKpaCOM wepCTI-1 y~eHble

no-npelKHeMy 3aTPYAH5110TC51

06b51CHI-1Tb. noH51THO, ~TO Ce

KpeT KpOeTC51 B Myral(l-11-1 reHOB,

HOB 4eM ee nepBonp1-141-1Ha?

B K1-1Tae 3a ~eTBepTb BeKa

3aperi-1CTpl-1pOBaHO n51Tb Cily

~aeB pOlKAeHI-151 6onbwl-1x naHA

C KOp1-1~HeBbiMI-1, a He ~ep

HbiMI-1 n51THaMI-1. C MOMeHTa

o6HapylKeHI-151 nepBoro TaKOro

lKI-1BOTHOrO B 1985 rOAY y~eHble

nbiTaiOTC51 paCKpbiTb 3araAKY

:nora <t>eHoMeHa, HO Bee 1-1x

BbiBOAbl HOC51T TeopeTI-1~eCKI-111

xapaKTep . CHa~ana C41-1Tanocb,

~TO 3TO pe3y11bTaT 6111-13KO

pOACTBeHHOrO CKPell!I-1Ba

HI-151,0AHaKoBcKopey~eHwe

Bbi51CHI-1111-1, 4TO BCe naHAbl,

Y41-1Tb1Ba51 o6Ll!ee K0111-14e-

cTBO lKI-1BOTHbiX B nony1151l(l-11-1

1-11-1x orpaHI-1~eHHbll1 apean

061-1TaHI-151 , COCT051T,eCJ11-1TaK

MOlKHO Bblpa31-1TbC51, B 6111-13KI-1X

POACTBeHHbiX CB51351X. CoBceM

HeAaBHO KI-1Tai1CKI-1e y4eHble

Bb1ABI-1HY111-1 HOBYIO rl-1nOTe3y:

KOPI-1~HeBble n51THa Bbi3BaHbl

3aMeHOI1 AOMI-1HaHTHOI1 <!>OpMbl

reHa, OTBe4aiOLl!ero Ja l(BeT

wepCTI-1, pel(eCCI-1BHOI1, TO eCTb

noAaBn51eMol1 <t>opMol1. Pa3Hble

BI-1Abl OAHOrO reHa Ha3biBaiOTC51

a1111e1151MI-1, 1-1 BOT B3ai-1MOOTHO-

weHI-1e 3TI-1X annenel11-1 npeA

CTOI-1T Bbi51CHI-1Tb y4eHbiM.

AHOMaJll-11-1, CB513aHHble C CO

AeplKaHI-1eM nl-1rMeHTa MenaHI-1-

Ha, nolKanyl1 , Ha1-16onee pacnpo

cTpaHeHHble npi-1~1-1Hbl POlKAeHI-151

lKI-1BOTHbiX <<He TaKI-1X, KaK BCe».

Anb61-1HOCbl, nonHOCTbiO 111-1-

weHHble 4epHoro nl-1rMeHTa, KaK

npaBI-1110, CTaHOB51TC511-13r051MI-1

B CBOeM C006Ll!eCTBe 1-1 6biCTpO

nor1-16a10T. Ho anb61-1HI-13M

BCTpe~aeTC51 ropa3AO pelKe, ~eM

l-136biTOK Me11aHI-1Ha, npi-1BOA51-

Ll!l-111 K n051BJleHI-110 ~epHbiX KaK

CMOJlb Cyll!eCTB. 8 OTJ11-1~1-1e OT

anb61-1HOCOB Me11aHI-1CTbl ~yB

CTBYIOT ce651 B npl-1pOAe BnOilHe

BOJlbrOTHO.

6ar1-1pa, nepcoHalK cKa3KI-1

K1-1n111-1Hra «KH1-1ra AlKYHrnel1••,

B Ael1cTBI-1Te11bHOCTI-1 caMel(

I-1MeHHO TaK Hani-1CaJ1 aHrJli-111-

CKI-111 Knacci-1K. Ho B pyccKOI1

Bepc1-11-1 6ar1-1pa cTana rpa

U1-103HOI1 KOWKOI1. np1-1~1-1Ha,

no6yAI-1BWa51 nepeBOA~I-1Ka H1-1Hy

,IJ,apy3ec cMeHI-1Tb 6ar1-1pe non,

TO~Ho Hei-13BeCTHa . Ho BP51A 111-1

:no npOCTO <<TPYAHOCTI-1 nepe

BOAa». Bep051THee BCero, H1-1Ha

,IJ,apy3eC, B OTJ11-1~1-1e OT K1-1n111-1H

ra, 3HaJla, ~TO CTOJlb Bb1palKeH

Hbll1 MeJlaHI-13M, C nOJlHOCTbiO

~epHbiM OKpaCOM , y 51ryapa

1-1111-1 neonapAa xapaKTepeH, KaK

npaBI-1110, I-1MeHHO AJ151 CaM OK.

113

Me)l(,[(y BepXHHMH H rny6HHHbiMH CJIOJIMH

oKeaHa: qeM CTapwe oco6b, TeM rny6)1{e

OHa orrycKaeTCR.

fOJIOBOHOrHe yMe!OT He TOJibKO <<IIepe

KJIIOqaTb>> l(BeTa, HO H CBeTHTbCJI B TeMHOTe.

EwoJIIOMHHecl(eHl(HR - 6woxHMHqecKaR

peaKl(HR, rrpoTeKa!Oll(aR s KJieTKax -¢OTo

¢opax, pe3yJibTaTOM KOTOpOH CTaHOBHTCJI

HX cseqeHHe. EHOJIIOMHHeCl(eHl(HJI - He

TaKOe y)l{ H pe~KOe CBOHCTBO y OKeaHCKHX

)I{HTenei1. l1M o6na~a!OT KaK rrpoCTei1wwe

(s qacTHOCTH, HoqecseTKH - Noctiluca),

TaK H MHOfHe KOCTHhie pbi6hi.

Oco6oe MecTo s 3TOM crrwcKe 3aHHMaiOT

fOJIO)I{a6epHbie MOJIJIIOCKH, Ha rrpHMepe

KOTOpb!X MaTb-IIpHpO~a JIBHJia HaM BCIO

CBOIO 6yi1Hyl0 ¢aHTa3HIO. 51pKHe, rropoJ1

COBepweHHO ¢aHTaCTHqecKHe paCl(BeTKH

H CJIO)I(Hhle pHCYHKH Ha TeJie ~eJiaiOT HX

ITOXO)I{HMH Ha Cyll(eCTB C ~pyrHX ITJiaHeT.

l1HTeHCHBHOCTb CseqeHHJI 3aBHCHT OT

MHO)I{eCTBa ¢aKTOpOB, a CaMO JIBJieHHe

HCITOJih3YeTCJI ~JIJI pa3JIJ1qHhiX l(eJieH.

O~HH cyll(eCTBa, HarrpHMep qepsw-6oM-

6wcThi (Swima bombiviridis), TaKHM o6-

pa30M OTBJieKaiOT BHHMaHHe XHII(HHKOB,

~pyme, KaK pbi6bi-y~HJibll(HKH OTpR~a

Lophiiformes, Hao6opoT, rrpHMaHHBaiOT

CBOHX )l{epTB. TpeTbH HCITOJih3YIOT CBe

qeHHe KaK cpe~CTBO KOMMYHHKal(HH - He

TOJibKO 06HTaTeJIH MOpeJ1, HO H HaCeKO

Mbie. 51pqaJ1WHH, B rrpRMOM CMbiCJie CJIO

Ba, rrpHMep TaKOfO )I{HBOTHOfO - CBeTJIJIK

o6biKHOBeHHhii1 (Lampyris noctiluca).

qeTsepTbie pewa10T see 3TH 3a~aqw pa3-

JIHqHoi1 CTerreHbiO HHTeHCHBHOCTH 3¢¢eK

Ta. fny6oKOBO~HhiH OChMHHOf Japetel!a

diaphana, pO~CTBeHHHK OCbMHHO)I{KH -He

BH~HMKH, C ITOMOII(b!O 6HOJIIOMHHeCl(eH

l(HH OTITYrHBaeT XHII(HHKOB KpaTKOBpe

MeHHbiMH RpKHMH scrrhiWKaMH, a rycKJihiM

MepHbiM cseqeHHeM rrpHMaHHBaeT ~06hJqy

11 HCITOJih3yeT ero s 6paqHhiX wrpax.

l13o6peTaTeJibHOCTH rrpHpO~bl OCTaeT

CJI TOJibKO ITO~HBHTbCJI - B KOTOpb!H pa3.

qeJIOBeK, rrpaB~a, TO)I{e MO)I{eT H3MeHJ!Tb

l(BeT: cKa)l{eM, rro~ ~ei1cTBHeM ynhTpa

¢woneTOBhiX JiyqeJ1 KO)I{a TeMHeeT, HaChl

ll(aJ!Cb MeJiaHHHOM, a BOJIOCbl, Hao6opOT,

CBeTJieiOT. Ho, KOHeqHO, HaM HHKOr~a He

~OCTHqb TOfO MaCTepCTBa HJIJII03HH, Ka

KHM o6Jia~aiOT HalUH MeHhlUHe 6paTh51.

Xopowo 3TO HJIH ITJIOXO - Ka)l{~b!H MO)I{eT

pewHTh ~JIR ce6R caM. c

>K113Hb, nDflH8fl nyreweCTBI1H 11 npi1K!11D'f8HI1H, H806b/KHOB8HHO YBfl8K8T8flbH8.

Ho 11 B ,llOpore H8flb3fl386bi88Tb 0 3/lDPDBbe- CBOeM 11 CBOI1X 6fli13KI1X.

TEnno H36ABnSIET OT 60nH

BceM, KTO se,11eT aKTHBHhrif o6pa3 JKI13HI1, 3HaKOMhr

He TOJ!bKO OITbHHeHI1e CKOpOCTb!O, pa,l10CTb rro6e,l1bl

11 3if<l>op11H, HO 11 TaKOe Heiip11HTHOe Oll\Yil\eHI1e,

KaK 60Jib B rrepeTpyJKeHHb!X MbiiiiL\aX. ,[(a 11 Te, KTO

rrpOBO,l1HT BpeMH B KpecJie, TOJKe Myqa!OTCH OT 6oJieif

B rrJieqax 11 IIIee, Bhi3BaHHhrx mrrO,l111HaMnei1. MoJKHO,

KOHeqHO, rrp11HHTb aHaJibfeTI1K, HO 3TO qpeBaTO IT0-

6oqHb!MI1 3<l>eKTaMH, KOTOpb!e eCTb rrpaKTHqeCKI1

y JII06hrx Ta6JieToK. A MOJKHO rrpe,11rroqecTh rrporpe

BaiO!l\He cpe,l1CTBa, HarrpHMep, HCIIOJ!h30BaTb COBpe

MeHHh!M ITJiaCTblpb, TaKOM KaK <<KeTOHaJI TepMO~ *.

ITJiaCTblpb, CO,l1eplKall\11M COJII1 MeTaJIJIOB, rrpH COIIp11-

KOCHOBeHHH C B03,11YXOM pa30rpesaeTCH IIp11MepHO

,110 45 oc 11 rJiy6oKo rrporpesaeT MhiiiiL\hi, ycTpaHHeT

crra3Mhi 11 yJiyqiiiaeT KpOBOTOK. <<KeToHaJI TepMo~

He JKJKeTCH, OTKJiei1BaeTCH JiefKO 11 6e360Jie3HeHHO.

• V1MEIOTC51 nPOTV1BOnOKA3AHV151 V1 B03M0)1(Hbl n060YHbiEAEiliCTBV151, nEPEA nPV1MEHEHV1EM nPOYVITAiliTE V1HCTPYKUV110 V1 nOCOBETYiliTECb CO CnEUV1AnV1CTOM. PEr. HOMEP N'<llC3 2011 ( 10019 OT27.10.2011.

'iETKHH B3rnstA

nPEBPALUEHHE KnETOK CEPAUA L To, qTO CTBOJIOBhie KJieTKH MOJKHO TpaHCOpM11-

poBaTh rrpaKTHqecKH B JII06hie ,11pyme H TaKHM

o6pa30M JieqHTh 3a6oJieBaHHH, XOpOIIIO H3BeCTHO.

Ho MOJKHO o6oi1THCh 11 6e3 HHX. Harrp11Mep, «o6-

paTI1Th scrrHTh~ rrpouecc o6pa3oBaHHH py6uosoi1

TKaHH Ha MeCTe MbiiiieqHoif, rrpOHCXO,l1Hil\HM rrp11

HHapKTe MHOKap,11a. BHKTOp ,[(3ay H Map11H

MnpoTcy H3 Me,l1HL\HHCKoro ueHTpa rrpn aMepnKaH

CKOM YHI1BepC11TeTe ,[(hiOKa ITO,l106paJII1 KOM6HHa

L\1110 M11KpoPHK, KOTOpaH rrpH BBe,ljeHHH B py6uo

BYIO TKaHh rrpespall\aeT ee KJieTKI1 B ,l1ei1cTBYIO!l\He

Kap,l1HOMHOL\HTbl - MbiiiieqHb!e KJieTKH, CITOC06-

Hb!e COKpall\aTbCH.I1CCJie,l10BaTeJIH ITOJiaraiOT,

qTo HCIIOJ!h30BaHHe MHKpoPHK ,l1JIH pereHepaL\HH

TKaHeif Jiyqiiie, HeJKeJIH TpaHCITJiaHTaL\HH CTBOJIO

Bb!X KJieTOK: 3TO rrpO!l\e 11 HCKJIIOqaeT B03MOlKHOCTb

reHeTHqecKHX H3MeHeHHM, COIIpOBOJK,l1a!Oil\11X

JieqeHHe CTBOJIOBhiMH KJieTKaMH. IIpo<t>eccop ,[(3ay

3aHBHJI, qTo eCJIH OITb!T y,11aJICH C cep,l1L\eM, TO ITOJiy

qi1TCH H C TKaHHMH ,11pymx opraHOB.

MH0r11e He JU06HT KOHTaKTHb!e JII1H3bl 3a TO, qTO OHI1 pa3-

,11paJKa!OT rJia3a 11 ,11aJKe MoryT Bhi3BaTh socrraJieHI1e. Oco6eH


HO HerrpOCTO ITO,l106paTb Jli1H3bl JIIO,l1HM C aCTI1fMaTI13MOM. C ITOMO!l\b!O o6brqHb!X

KOHTaKTHb!X JII1H3 HeJih3H ,110611ThCH 3<l><l>eKTa <<L\11Jli1H,l1pa>>, 11 paHhiiie TeM, KTO

BhiHYlK.l1eH 6hiJI ITOJ!h30BaThCH Jli1H3aMI1 (Harrp11Mep, CIIOpTCMeHaM), rrp11XO

,l111JIOCb ,l10BOJihCTBOBaThCH HerroJIHoif KoppeKu11ei16JII13opyKOCTI1. Ho ceifqac

rroHBI1JII1Ch O,l1HO,l1HeBHhre Top11qecK11e KOHTaKTHhre JII1H3hi 1 • DAY ACUVUE®

Moist® for Astigmatism*, crreu11aJihHO co3,11aHHhre ,l1JIH acTI1rMaTI1KOB 11 CBO.l1Hil\11e

K MI1HI1MYMY 3p11TeJihHhii1.1111CKoMopT.

• V1MEIOTC51 nPOTV1BOnOKA3AHV151 V1 B03M0)1(Hbl n060YHbiEAEiliCTBV151, nEPEA nPV1MEHEHV1EM nPOYVITAiliTE V1HCTPYKUV110 V1 nOCOBETYiliTECb CO CnEUV1AnV1CTOM.

B 6E306nA'iHOE nYTEWECTBHE!

JleTo- caMoe speM.H ~1151 ITOe3~KI1 Ha Mope 111111 B ~a11eKyJO 3K30TI1qecKyJO CTpaHy.

Ho ITp11 3TOM ITp11BhJqHhiH pe)!(I1M ITI1TaHI151 MeH5leTC5111 MO)!(eT Hapyiiii1ThC51 6a11aHC

M11KpO<l>110pbi. BOCCTaHOBI1Th ero 11 Ha11a~I1Th ITI1~eBapeHI1e, yCTpaHI1B HeiTpH51THbie

ITOC11e~CTBH51 ~HC6aKTepH03a, MO)!(HO C ITOMO~h!O TaKHX ITpeiTapaTOB, KaK «XH11aK

<Po pTe>>*. IT pH eM «XH11aKa <Po pTe>> ~o :11 so speM51 ITyTeiiieCTBH51 ITO~roTOBI1T opra

HH3M K CMeHe e~bl :11 K11HMaTa 11 ITOMO)!(eT y6epeqb MHKpO<l>11opy KHIIIeqH:HKa OT ry-

6HTe11hHOfO B03~eHCTBH51 HeiTpHBhJqHOH ITH~H, HeKaqeCTBeHHOH BO~hl H ~pymx

OITaCHoCTeil:, ITO~CTeperaJO~I1X TYPHCTa.

• VIMEIOTCI1 nPOTVIBOnOKA3AHVII1 VI B03M0)1(Hbl nOoOYHbiEAEiiiCTBVII1 , nEPEA nPVIMEHEHVIEM nPOYVITAiiiTE VIHCTPYKL.lVIIO VI nOCOBETYiiiTECb CO CnEL.lVIAnVICTOM. PErVICTPAL.lVIOHHbllil HOMEP n N014917/ 01.

snArOPOAHOE AEnO

,[(OHOpCTBO KpOBH OCTaeTC51 O~HOH :113 Ba)!(HeHIIIHX ryMaHHTapHbiX aKI..IHH

H MOpa11hHhiM ~011fOM Ka)!(~OfO , KOMY OHO ~OCTYITHO ITO Me~Hl.IHHCKHM ITO

Ka3aHH51M. B ITO~~ep)!(Ky ITporpaMMhi pa3BHTI151 Maccosoro ~o6poB011hHOro ~oHopCTBa KpOBH :11 ero KOMITOHeHTOB ITO HHI11..111aT:HBe KOMITaHI1H LG Electronics ITO BOChMH

ropo~aM PocmH ITpoexa11 <<I1oe3~ HHHOBal.IHH :11 ~o6pbiX ~e11~ . 1241 qe11oseK - CTy

~eHThi, ITpe~CTaBHTe11H M01IO~e)!(HhiX opraHH3al.IHH :11 ~pyme C03HaTe11bHhie rpa)!(~aHe

c~a11:11 KpOBh ITO ITYTH C11e~oBaHH51 ITOe3~a. A 1350 CTy~eHTOB B CapaHcKe, Y 11h51HOBCKe,

Ka3aHH, CaMape, CapaToBe, Bo11rorpa~e. CoqH :11 BopoHe)!(e ITpoc11yiiia1111 11eKI..IHI1

0 3Haq:HMOCTH COI..I:Ha11bHhiX ITpOeKTOB 11, B qaCTHOCTH, KOpiTOpaTHBHOfO B0110HTepCTBa.

3EnEHASI AnTEKA

IT pH ITepBhiX CHM

ITTOMax ITpOCTY~hl

COBepiiieHHO He 06513a

Te11bHO f1IOTaTb aHTH-

6110THKH :1111:11 ITpOTHBO

BHpyCHhie ITpeiTapaThi.

Mo)!(HO ITOITpo6osaTh

HaqaTb CO cpe~CTB, KO

TOpbie BK11JOqaJOT 3KCTpaKThl

11eKapCTBeHHhiX paCTeHHH. HaiTp11Mep,

<<l1MMyHa11 IT11JOC C>> * c coKoM 3XHHal.leH :11 ~o6as

Koif BHTaMHHa C. E11aro~ap51 TOMY qTo B coCTaB

ITpeiTapaTa BXO~HT HMeHHO COK, a He 3KCTpaKT :111111

HaCToi1:Ka, eMy csoi1:CTBeHHO BhiCOKoe co~ep)!(aHHe

aKTHBHhiX Be~eCTB, YCH11HBaJO~HX Bblpa60TKY

HHTep<l>epOHOB, CHHTe3 HMMYHOf1I06y11HHa, ITO

BhiiiiaJO~HX aKTHBHOCTh <ParOI..IHTapHbiX :11 KH11-

11epHbiX K11eTOK, KOTOpbie ITOMOraJOT opraHH3MY

6opOThC51 C 3a6011eBaHI151MH.

• VIMEIOTCI1 nPOTVIBOnOKA3AHVII1 VI B03M0)1(Hbl nOoOYHbiE AEiiiCTBVII1 , nEPEA nPVIMEHEHVIEM nPOYVITAiiiTE VIHCTPYKL.lVIIO VlnVI nOCOBETYiiiTECb CO CnEL.lVIAnVICTOM. PErVICTPAL.lVIOHHbllil HOMEP nn-000549.

AEnbcJ>HHbl HE mossn cnAAKOro L HaM, KaK BCe5l~HhiM )!(HBOTHhiM, ~aHO o~y~aTh 1..1e11y10 raMMY

BKyCOB, CK11a~hiBaJO~yJOC51 :113 IT51TI1 OCHOBHhiX. X11~HHKaM ITOBe3110

MeHbiiie. E~e B 2005 ro~y aMepHKaHCKHe yqeHbie :113 MoHe111IOBCKO

ro l.leHTpa B <l>H11a~e11h<l>HH o6Hapy)!(H1111, qTo HeKOTOpbie KOIIIaqb:J1

He qyscTBYJOT BKyc c11a~Koro H3-3a <<IT01IOMKH~ o~Horo :113 reHoB

<<C11a~Koro >> pel.lemopa. TeiTeph H3YqH11H BKycoBhie pel.leiTTophi

y 12 BI1~0B XH~HHKOB. Y CeMH BH~OB 11Me!OTC51 <<IT0110MKH~ B TOM

)!(e CaM OM reHe, a y MOpCKHX 11hBOB :11 ~e11h<l>HHOB Haiii11HCh ~e<l>eKThl

:11 B reHax ~pymx BKycoBhiX pel.lemopos. Bepo.HTHO, ITOTep.H BKyco

soi1: qyBCTBHTe11bHOCTH CB513aHa C ITH~eBOH CITel.I:Ha11H3al.I:HeH. <<I10-

110MKa>> reHa ITpOH30III11a y XH~HHKOB, KOTOphie ITHTaJOTC51 T011hKO

M51COM :1111:11 pbi6oif, a y TeX, KTO He 6pe3ryeT paCTHTe11hHOH fiH~eif, reH <l>YHKI..IHOHHpyeT HOpMa11bHO.

117

~ Vlropb MAEB

IIpaKTHKa BHe,t~peHHH B opraHH3M qeJio

BeKa llHOpO,t~HbiX rrpe,t~MeTOB C 6JiarHMll

QeJIHMll HMeeT MHOfOTbiCH'feJieTHJOJO

ucTopuiO. Ho .r~o He,t~aBHero BpeMeHu

OHO orpaHH'fHBaJIOCb rrpOTe3HpOBaHH

eM. IIupaTbi Ha .r~epeBHHHbiX Horax u rro

JIHHe3ui1Qhi c KYCKaMu qeperraiiibero

rraHQHpH B qeperre HHKoro He y,t~HBJIHJIH.

I16aKTepHQll,[IHbie CBOHCTBa yrroMHHYTO

ro Bhiiiie cepe6pa 6hiJIH JIHIIIb rrpHHTHbiM

rro6o'fHbiM ::J<l><l>eKTOM, a He caMoQeJibJO.

118 DISCOVERY I1IOHb 2012

B KOHQe XX BeKa, B CBH3H c pa3BHTHeM

6uo- ll KOMIIbiOTepHbiX TeXHOJIOfllH, CTa

Jill pa3pa6aTbJBaTbCH IIOHCTHHe qy,t~eCHbie rrpoeKTbl, KOTOpbie CO CTOpOHbl Bll,[IHTCH

KaK HayqHaH <l>aHTaCTHKa. Pe'fb B OCHOB

HOM 0 ,[IBYX HarrpaBJieHHHX: llCIIOJib30-

BaHHll 3JieKTpOHllKll ,[IJIH ,[lllafHOCTllKll

ll Jie'!eHHH ll HOBbiX <1YMHbiX1> CIJOC06ax

QeJieBOH ,[IOCTaBKll JieKapCTBeHHbiX rrpe

rrapaTOB K rropmKeHHbiM opraHaM. EcTb

eme O,[lllH BeKTOp - rrpoeKTbl, KOTOpbie

B 60JibiiieHHJill MeHhiiieH CTeiieHH B6H

paiOT B ce6H o6e 3TH TeXHOJIOfllll.

UCKYCCTBEHHhiE OPfAHhl 3rroxa BHe,t~peHHH 3JieKTpOHllKll B opra

Hll3M qeJIOBeKa Ha'!aJiaCb C Kap,t~HOCTH

MYJIHTOpa. C Tex rrop KaK B 1958 ro.r~y IIIBe,[ICKHe yqeHbJe BIIepBbJe llMIJJiaHTH

poBaJIH ero B rpy,t~h rraQHeHTy, Kap.r~uo

CTHMYJIHTOpbi o6ecrre'fHBaJOT pa60Ty

cep.r~1.1a .r~ecHTKaM TbiCH'f JIJO,t~ei1. CeJ1qac

3Ta TeXHOJIOfllH OTpa60TaHa ,[10 TaKOfO

COBepiiieHCTBa, 'ITO He,t~aBHO B CiliA MH

HllaTIOpHbiH 3JieKTpOKap,t~HOCTHMYJIH

TOp llMIIJiaHTHpOBaJIH MJia,[leHQy qepe3

15 MHHYT rrocJie pmK,t~eHHH. C Toro ,t~HH

ITPOIIIJIO y)l(e 6oJihiiie IToJiyro~a. pe6e

HOK OTJIHqHo paCTeT H qyscTByeT ce6.H

XOpOIIIO.

IlpoqHe 3JieKTpOHHbJe HMITJiaHTaTbl

ITO.HBHJIHCh IT03)1(e HCKYCCTBeHHhiX BO

~HTeJieH cep~eqHoro pHTMa, HO C KOHI.\a

XX seKa 3Ta o6JiaCTh 6ypHo pa3BHBaeTc.H.

TaK, s MapTe HhiHeiiiHero ro~a aMepHKaH

CKa.H KOMITaHH.H Second Sight ITOJiyqHJia

ITpaso Ha ITpo~a)l(y s cTpaHax EC HMITJiaH

TaTa 6HOHHqecKoi1 ceTqaTKH Argus II. 3To

3HaqHT, qTO KJIHHHqecKHe HCIThiTaHH.H

ITpoif~eHhi H ITpH6op ITOIIIeJI s cepmo.

qTo 3TO 3a ITpH6op? OH ITpe~Ha3HaqeH

~JI.H CJieiTbiX, ITOTep.HBIIIHX 3peHHe H3-3a

~ereHepaTHBHhiX 3a6oJieBaHHH CeTqaTKH,

H ITpe~CTaBJI.HeT co6oif KOMITJieKC B BH~e

oqKOB, MHKpOKaMephl H BH~eOITpOQeC

copa, KOTOphiH ITpeo6pa3yeT omHqecKHe

cwrHaJihi s 3JieKTpwqecKwe HMITYJihChi. ITo

6ecrrpOBO~HOH CB.H3H OHH ITOCTyiTaJOT Ha

ITpHeMHHK, ITpHKpeiTJI.HeMhiH B03Jie rJia-

3a ITaQweHTa. OT ITpweMHHKa w~eT TOH

KHH Ka6eJib KO B)I(HBJieHHOMY B CeTqaTKY

qwiTy ITJIOII.\a~bJO 1 MM2 C 60 3JieKTpO~HKaMH, ITO~COe~HHeHHhiMH K 3pHTeJihHOMY

Hepsy. B pe3yJihTaTe cJieiThie MoryT oiTpe

~eJI.HTh ITOJIO)I(eHHe ITpe~MeTOB, a HeKOTO

pbie - ~a)l(e qwTaTh.

TeM speMeHeM s CaH-paHQHCKO pa3-

pa6oTaJIH HMITJiaHTHpyeMyJO HCKYCCTBeH

HYJO IToqKy, qTo6hi H36aBHTh 6oJihHhiX

c xpoHwqecKoif IToqeqHoif He~oCTaToq

HOCThJO OT He06XO~HMOCTH CTaQHOHapHO

ITpoxo~HTh ITpoQe~ypy reMo~waJIH3a.

Hocyccm6eHHaJl nOttl<:a, 6 OmllUttue om ouaJlU3HblX annapamo6, 3aHUMaTOU1UX l{ellyTO KOMHamy, pa3MepoM 6cezo llUutb c KPYJFCKy, n03moMy eiiMOJICHO HaiimuMecmo 6 6pTOutHoii nol!ocmu.

B HeM KpOMe MHKpo<t>HJibTpOB, oqHII.\ai0-

11.\HX KpOBh OT TOKCHHOB, HMeeTC.H 6wope

aKTOp C KJieTKaMH ITOqeqHhiX KaHaJibQeB,

HCITOJIH.HIOII.\HMH MeTa60JIHqeCKHe <l>YHK-

1.\HH IToqeK. 3JieKTpwqecTBO He HY)I(HO,

«IToqKa» pa6oTaeT 3a cqeT KposoToKa.

YMHhiE T A6JIETKU L(eJieBa.H ~OCTaBKa JieKapCTB K ITOpa)l(eH

HhiM opraHaM H KJieTKaM - ~aBH.H.H Meq

Ta. 3TO IT03BOJIHT Jiyqiiie KOHTpOJIHpOBaTb

ITpoQecc JieqeHH.H, o6xo~.HCh MeHhiiiHMH

~03aMH, a JieKapCTBa, ~OCTaBJieHHhie ITp.H

MO K MeCTY Ha3HaqeHH.H, 6y~yT ::J<t><t>eKTHB

HO B03~eHCTBOBaTb HMeHHO TaM, r~e Hy)I(

HO, C MHHHMYMOM IT06oqHh!X 3<t><t>eKTOB.

Pa3pa6oTKH w~yT KaK ITO cyry6o «Mexa

HHCTwqecKoMy>> ITYTH, TaK H C ITpHBJieqe

HHeM 6wOTeXHOJIOrHH. IlpHMepOM ITepso

ro MO)I(eT cJiy)I(HTh ITpw6op MicroCHIPS,

pa3pa6oTaHHhiH s MaccaqyceTCKOM Tex

HOJiomqecKOM HHCTHTyTe. 3TO MeTaJIJIH

qecKa.H KaiTCyJia CO MHO)I(eCTBOM 3aKpbi

Th!X .HqeeK, co~ep)l(aii.\HX pa30Bhie ~03hi

JieKapcTB. YITpaBJI.HIOII.\HH OTKphiTHeM

.HqeeK qwiT MO)I(eT 6biTh 3aiTporpaMMwpo

saH 3apaHee, yiTpaBJI.HThC.H ~HCTaHQHOHHO

HJIH BKJIJOqaTbC.H B OTBeT Ha H3MeHeHH.H

6HOXHMHqecKHX ITOKa3aTeJieH, KOTOpb!e

3a<t>HKCHpyeT BCTpOeHHh!H ~aTqHK. qHIT

wcrrycKaeT HMITYJihC, pa3pyiiiaiOII.\HH MeM-

6paHy .HqeifKH C JieKapCTBOM.

MicroCHIPS, crroco6HhiH cJiy)I(HTh

6e3 3aMeHbl OKOJIO ro~a, B)I(HBJI.HeTC.H ITO~ KO)I(y, ero pa3Mep sapbwpyeTC.H s 3aswcw

MOCTH OT KOJIHqeCTBa JieKapCTB, KOTOpb!e

OH ~OJI)I(eH «B3.11Th Ha 6opT>>. Ero HCITh!Ta

JIH Ha 60JihHh!X OCTeOITOp030M, KOTOpb!M

Ha~O 6hiJIO e)l(e~HeBHO ITpHHHMaTh ITpe

ITapaTbl, ITOBhJIIIaiOII.\He ITJIOTHOCTh KO

CTeif. liM Ha Mec.HQ BIIIHJIH MicroCHIPS,

H ::J<t><t>eKT OKa3aJIC.H He Xy)l(e HH'beKQHH,

a paciTpe~eJieHwe, scachiBaHwe w BhiBe~e

Hwe JieKapcTBa - Jiyqiiie.

.ll:pyroif ITpwMep - Ta6JieTKH c qwiTOM,

KOTOpbie co6wpaeTC.H BhiiiYCKaTb <t>apMa

QeBTHqeCKa.H <t>wpMa Novartis. qHIThi 6y~yT

ITOMOfaTh BpaqaM KOHTpOJIHpOBaTh ITpHeM

ITpeiTapaTOB ITaQweHTaMw. AKTHBwpy.Hch

ITpH COITpHKOCHOBeHHH C )l(eJiy~oqHhiM CO

KOM, qwiT ITepe~aeT wH<t>opMaQHJO o ITOITa

~aHHH Ta6JieTKH B opraHH3M Ha ITpHeMHHK,

3aKpeiTJieHHh!H Ha KO)I(e ITaQHeHTa. A TOT

y)l(e oTIIpaBJI.HeT 3TH ~aHHhie Ha KOMMYHH

KaTop ~OKTOpy. 3aO~HO qwiT OTCJie)I(HBaeT

H <l>H3HOJIOfHqeCKHe ITOKa3aTeJIH.

IloHattaJly 6 popMe «ma6JlemoK c ttunoM» 6yoym 6bmycKambcJl UMMyHonooa6JlRT014ue npenapambz, npeoom6pa14a1014Ue ommopJFCeHue mpaHcnllaHmama noclle nepecaoKu opzaHo6.

EwoTexHoJiomqecKwif sapwaHT peiiie

HH.H MO)I(eT 6bJTh ITpOHJIJIJOCTpHpOBaH

pa60TOH HCCJie~OBaTeJieH 113 lfHCTHTyTa

6woHHKH Bwcca rapsap~CKOfO YHHBep

CHTeTa H ~eTCKOH 60JihHHQhl EOCTOHa:

OHH C03~aJIH <<yMHYJO>> CHCTeMy ~OCTaBKH

ITpeiTapaTOB, KOTOpa.H MO)I(eT 6bJTh 3aiTpO

rpaMMHpOBaHa Ha ITepe~aqy JieKapCTBeH

HhiX cpe~CTB K KJieTKaM ITO~)I(eJiy~oqHOH

)l(eJie3hi ITPH JieqeHHH ~wa6eTa 1-ro THITa.

EhiJI pa3pa60TaH MexaHH3M caMOHase~e

HH.HMOJieKyJihiiTeiTTH~a. qTo6bJC03~aTb

<<YMHhie>> HaHoqacTHQhl, HeCyii.\He Jie

KapCTBO,- OHH MOfYT CB.H3hiBaThC.H C Ka

ITHJIJI.HpaMH B OCTpOBKaX ITO~)I(eJiy~oqHOH

119

)!{eJie3bl, 11!1Ta!OIIII1MI1 11HCYJII1H-11pO,I\Ylll1-

pyiOIIII1e KJieTKI1, KOTOpbie 110,!\BepraiOTCH

HaH60JihiiieMy p11CKy BO BpeMH HaqaJia 3a-

6oneBaH!1H.

IJO,I\06Hble KOMIIJieKCbl paHee C03,IIa

BaJI!1Cb ,1\JIH JieqeH!1H paKa, TaK KaK OHI1

MoryT nerKo 11011acTh B o11yxoJih qepe3 co

cy,I\hl. 3,!\eCh )!{e 11pH,IIyMaH c11oco6 TpaHc-

110pTI1pOBaTh JieKapCTBa ,1\JIH JieqeH!1H

3a6oJieBaH!1H, 11p11 KOTOpb!X TKaH!1, 11pe,I1-

CTaBJIHIOIIII1e Tepa11eBTJ1qecK!1H 11HTepec,

OTJIJ1qa!OTCH OT 0Kpy)!{a!OIIII1X TKaHeH He

TaK CI1JibHO, KaK OIIYXOJ!h.

qJIUhl B ,li;HAfHOCTHKE ,/J;I1arHOCTJ1qecKOMY q1111y 11JII1 611oq1111Y

COBepiiieHHO He06H3aTeJihHO 6hiTh HM

IIJiaHTI1pyeMbiM. Eonhiiii1HCTBO 611oqJ1110B

11CIIOJib3YeTCH <<CHapy)£{11 opraH!13Ma>>.

E11oq1111 - 11po,11yKT CJII1HHI1H 6!1oTexHo

JIOfl111 11 TeXHOJ!Ofl111 IIOJiy11pOBO,I\HI1KOB.

OH aHaJIH311pyeT ThicHqJ1 peaKQI1H O,I\HO

BpeMeHHO, Bb!HBJIHH pa3H006pa3Hble BHy-


Tp11KJieToqHhie IIPOI.IeCchi 11 o11pe,11eJIHH,

11p01130IIIJII1 Jill Te 11JII1 11Hhle MyTaQI111

B reHaX, CBH,I\eTeJihCTBYIOIIII1e 0 HaJIJ1qJ1J1

3a6oneBaH!1H. CeJ1qac C03,IIaiOTCH 6J1oq!1-

llhi, B KOTOpb!X pOJib CeHCOpOB 11CIIOJIHHIOT

MOJieKyJihl ,/J;HK.

0,!1HI1M 113 llepBbiX 611oq11110B 6hiJI

GeneChip, 113roTaBJII1BaBIIIHHCH 11yTeM

M11KpOJII1TOfpaqml1 11 CO,IIep)!{aBIIII1H

HeCKOJ!bKO TbiCHq O,I\HOHYKJieOTI1,!\HbiX

IIOJII1MOp<l>I13MOB - OTJIJ1qJ1J1 IIOCJie,IIO

BaTeJihHOCTI1 ,/J;HK pa3MepOM B O,I\11H Hy

KJieOTI1,!\. CoBpeMeHHhie 611oq1111hi Ky,I\a

coBepiiieHHee. Hx HCIIOJih30BaH!1e 11ep

CIIeKTI1BHO TaM, f,I\e He06XO,I\11MO 011pe

,I(eJI!1Tb 60JibiiiOe KOJIJ1qecTBO MyTaQ!1H.

Ha11p11Mep, 11p11 ,I\11arHocTI1Ke MYKOBI1C

lii1,!\03a, KOr,I\a TecmpyeTCH cpa3y 25 My

TaQ!1H. E11oqJ1IIhi yc11eiiiHO 11p11MeHHIOT

,1\JIH ,I\!1arHOCTI1KI1 Ty6epKyne3a, re11amTa,

cep,I~eqHo-cocy,I\11CThiX llaTonomi1.

BhirJIH,I\11T 611oq1111 KaK 11pHMoyroJihHoe

CTeKJihiiiiKO, Ha KOTOpoe HaHeCeHhl pa3JII1-

qJ1Mbie HeBOOpy)!{eHHbiM rJia30M MHKpO-

KalleJihKI1 eM em peareHTOB. B Hei1 ollpe,I~e

JIHeTCH HaJIJ1q!1e 11JII1 OTCYTCTB!1e MyraQ!1H.

Y CTaHOBHTb 3TO MO)!{HO 110 TOMY, KaK!1e

KalleJibKI1 CBeTHTCH. ,/J;JIH 11CCJie,I\OBa

HI1H f0,!\11TCH JII060H 6110MaTep11aJI,

co,I~ep)!{allii1H ,ll;HK. BepoHTHOCTh

OIIII16KI1 y ,I\11arHOCTI1qecKI1X 6HOqJ1-

IIOB - BCero JII1IIIb ,1\0JIH 11pOQeHTa.

f1p11MeHHIOTCH B ,I\!1arHOCT!1Ke

11 11Hhie, 6onee 11pocTbie peiiieH!1H.

Ha11p11Mep, 11poeKT rpa<l>eHOBoro ,I~aT-

qJ1Ka Ha 3y6e, CJie,I\HIIII1H 3a r11r11eHOH

IIOJIOCTI1 pTa. HaHeceHHhiH Ha paCTBO

p11MhiH IIIeJIK ,I\aTqJ1K 11p11JII111aeT K 3y6y

11ocne pacTBopeHI1H IIO,I\KJia,I\KI1. K ,I~aT

qJ1KY 11p11COe,I\!1HHIOTCH aHTI1MI1Kp06Hbie

lleiiTI1,!\hi, c11oco6Hbie CBH3hiBaThCH c 6aK

Tep11HMI1 pa3HhiX TI1IIOB. EaKTep1111 11H,IIy

lii1PYIOTB rpaeHe CJia6hiH TOK 6naro,11apH

3apH,IIaM B KJieToqHhiX MeM6paHax. B 3a

BHCHMOCTI1 OT B!1,!\a 6aKTep1111 CHrHaJibl

pa3HHTCH, 11 110 HI1M MO)!{HO Ollpe,IIeJIHTb,

KaKI1e 11MeHHO MI1KpoopraH!13Mhi 11opa-

311JII1 pOTOBYIO IIOJIOCTh.

OBE3M1Hhl -UPE,li;BECTHHKH KHBOPfOB Pa3yMeeTcH, HOBbie TeXHOJIOfl111 He o6-

XO,I\HT CTOpOHOH 11 11pOTe311pOBaHI1e KO

HeqHQCTeH. Ha11p11Mep, Hei1po<l>I13110JIO

m 113 CiliA He,I\aBHO C03,!\aJII1 CI1CTeMy,

11pe,IICTaBJIHIOIIIYIO co6oi1: 3JieKTpOHHhiH

11HTep<Pei1c Me)!{,IIy MhiiiiQaMI1 11 HepBa

MI1, KOTOpaH 1103BOJI!1Jia o6e3bHHaM (Ha

JIIO,I\HX ee IIOKa He 11CIIb!TbiBaJI!1) ,1\eHCTBO

BaTh 11apaJII130BaHHbiMI1 pyKaMI1 C 113pH,I1-

HOH TQqHQCTh!O.

C IIOMOIIIhiO BellleCTBa, 6JIOKI1pyiO

Illero 11pOXO)!{,IIeH!1e cHrHana 110 HepBaM,

y o6e3hHH Bhi3hiBaJI!1 11apan11q KOHeqHo

cTei1. B ronoBHoi1 M03r BHe,IIpHJII1 MI1HI1-

aTIOpHhie 11MIIJiaHTaThl, <l>I1KCI1pOBaBIIII1e

,IIeHTeJibHOCTb COTHI1 HeHpOHOB. ,/J;JIH 11pO

BepKI1 TOfO, HaCKOJ!bKO y,11aqHO y,I\aJIOCb

o60HTI1Cb 6e3 yqaCTI1H CIII1HHOfO M03ra,

KOTOpb!H ,1\0JI)!{eH 11pOBO,I\11Th 11MIIYJihChl

OT fOJIOBHOfO M03ra K pyKaM, 110,!\0IIbiT

HblM BeJieJI!1 IIO,I\6!1paTb MHqJ1K Ha KOHQe

H30rHyToi1 Tpy6K!1, a 3aTeM 6pocaTh ero

o6paTHO B Tpy6Ky, IIOIIa,I(aH TQqHQ BOT

BepCTI1e Ha ee cpe3e.

CI1rHaJihi, IIOChiJiaeMhie M03rOM, 3a-

1111CbiBaJI!1Ch C IIOMOIIIhiO KOMIIbiOTepa.

EhiJI pa3pa6oTaH anropHTM

,[lelliH<PpoBKH, IT03BOJIJUOI.1.1HH

ITO aKTHBHOCTH 100 KJI!OqeBbiX

HeHpOHOB BOCITpOH3BO,[IHTb

KOMaH,[Ibl, ITOCbiJiaeMbie M03-

fOM Mhillil\aM. K ITapanw3o

BaHHhiM pyKaM ITO,[IKJI!OqHJIH

Hei1poiTpoTe3hi. 0HH OTITpaB

JIHJIH B Mhillil\hi pyK cna6hie

3JieKTpwqecKwe HMITYJihChi,

KOTOpbie ITOJiyqaJIH OT KOM

ITbJOTepa-,[lelliH<PpaTopa.

Tozmocmb 06UJ/CeHuu y o6e3bJlH

HeCKOllbKO noHU3Ullacb, ooHa-

KO UM ycneumo yoa6allOCb noo-

6upamb u 3a6pacbl6amb MJllfUK. ITo Mepe

npu6blKaHUJl M03za K H06blM ycll06UJlM

npuMambl cnpa6llJlllUCb 6ce llYlfUle.

3Ta TeXHOJIOfH.H, pa3BHBIJlHCb, B03MO)!{H0,

IT03BOJIHT ITapaJIH30BaHHbiM JIIO,[I.HM CHOBa

o6peCTH ITO,[IBH)!{HOCTb. A TaM H ,[10 ITOJI

HOQeHHbiX KH6oprOB - MeTaJIJIHqecKHX

JIJO,l:leH C qeJIOBeqeCKHM M03f0M - pyKOH

ITO,[IaTb.

qEfO )K,li;ATh? IloHHTHO, qTo Bee ITepeqwcneHHhie pa3pa-

60TKH 6y):lyT 3BOJIJOQHOHHpOBaTh H COBep

llieHCTBOBaThC.H. A qTo ITO-HaCTO.HI.I.IeMy

peBOJIIOQHOHHOfO )!{,[leT Me,[IHQHHCKYJO

3JieKTpOHHKy? B ITOCJie,[IHHe ro,[lhi ITO

HBHJIOCh HeCKOJihKO y):laqHbiX ITpOeKTOB

B o6nacTH, KOTopyJO MO)!{HO OITHcaTh KaK

<>qTeHYie H BH3yanYI3aQHH MhiCJieH>>. TyT

H BITepBbie BOCC03,[1aHHbie yqeHbiMH 113

EepKJIH c ITOMOI.I.IhJO MPT ,l:IHHa

MwqecKwe o6pa3bi, B03HHKaBIJ1He

B M03ry ITO,[IOITbiTHbiX BO BpeM.H

ITpOCMOTpa BH,[IeOpOJIHKOB, H HC

CJie,[IOBaHH.H <<Hei1poHa MoHpO>>,

ITOMOfaJOI.I.IHe HaJia,[IHTb MhiCJieH

HYJO CB.H3h C KOMIThJOTepOM. <<Te

JieiTaTH.H>> B Me,[IHQHHe ellle TOJIKOM

He BhllliJia 113 3KCIIepHMeHTaJihHOH

CTa,[IHH, HO B HH,l:IYCTpHH pa3BJie

qeHHH OHa y)!{e pa6oTaeT. HaiTpH

Mep, Bcero 3a 70 ,l:IOJIJiapoB MO)!{HO

o63aBecTHCh wrpylliKOH Mindflex

Duel, IT03BOJIHJOI.I.Iei1 6opoThCH 3a

KOHTPOJih Ha,l:l JieTaJOI.I.IHM ITO ITO

):I06HJO Jia6HpHHTa lliapHKOM 0,[1-

HOH JIHIJlb CHJIOH Mb!CJIH.

YcrrelliHoe pa3BHTHe 3THX HaiTpaBJie

HHH IT03BOJIHT, HaiTpHMep, ITCHXHaTpaM

BYI,[IeTh raJIJIIOQHHaQHYI CBOHX ITaQYieHTOB;

ITOJIHOCTbiO ITapaJIH30BaHHbiM, KaTaTOHH

KaM H JIIO,[I.HM C <<CHH,l:lpOMOM 3aiTepTOfO

qeJIOBeKa>> - 06I.I.IaTbC.H C OKpy)!{aJOI.I.IHM

MHpOM, 3aHHMaThC.H TBopqecTBOM, a B03-

MO)!{H0, H yiTpaBJI.HTb CJIO)!{Hb!M o6opy,l:IO

BaHHeM, )!{HTb ITOJIHOQeHHOH )!{H3Hbl0. C

libiJIA.H CJIABA To, qTO Hawa KOMaH,[Ia BOIUJia B qi1CJIO

1136paHHhiX, ITp0611Bllli1XCH Ha KOHTI1-

HeHTaJibHOe ITepBeHCTBO, BOCIIp11HI1Ma

eTCH KaK HBHOe ,[(OCTI1JKeHI1e. 0,[(HaKO

qeMITI10HaT EBpOIThi Bcer,[(a 6hiJI ,[(JIH Hac

TYPH11pOM BeChMa y,l:laqHhiM.

CTOI1T HaiTOMHI1Th, qTo c6opHaH CCCP

CTaJia ITepBhiM B 11cTop1111 TPI1YM¢aTopoM

KOHTI1HeHTaJihHOro ITepBeHCTBa. Ceifqac,

KOf,[(a 3a 16 MeCT ero ¢11HaJibHOM qaCTI1

6b!OTCH ITHTh ,[(eCHTKOB c6opHbiX, Tpy,l:IHO

ITpe,l:ICTaBI1Th, qTo B 1960 fO,[(y ,[(e6JOTHhiM

TYPH11p (Tor,[(a ero Ha3hiBaJII1 Ky6KoM eB

poiTeifCK11X HaU:11M) e,[(Ba He COpBaJICH 113-

3a HexBaTKI1 yqacTHI1KOB. ITo perJiaMeHTY

11X ,[(OJilKHO 6biJIO 6b!Th He MeHbllle 16, HO

MHome ¢e,[(epau;1111 (HaiTp11Mep, Bee qe

Thipe 6p11TaHCKI1e) He 3aXOTeJII1 ITO,[(aBaTh

3aHBK11. OpraHI13aTophi yJKe ITO,l:IYMhiBaJII1

o TOM, qTo6bi OTMeHI1Th Ky6oK, 11 TYPH11p

6biJI crraceH 6yKBaJibHO B ITOCJie,[(HI1e

,[(HI1. 29 CeHTH6pH B <<llylKHI1KaX» B ITp11-

cyTCTBI11160Jiee qeM 100 ThiCHq 3p11TeJieif

COCTOHJICH ITepBbiM MaTq eBpOITeMCK11X

qeMITI10HaTOB.

C6opHa5l CCCP Hattwza CBoii nymb c Wlla, 3a6umozo AHamof!ueM MllbUHblM, u no6eihz HaO BeHzpueii 3:1. B om6emHOM Mamtte C06emCT<Ue cjJym60JlUCmbl CH06a 6blU2pallU u 6 ttem6epmbcjJUHaJle 6blU/JlU Ha McnaHUIO.

Ee c6opHoM: TOr ,[Ia (BITpoqeM, KaK 11 ceifqac)

oiTacaJiacb BCH EBpoiTa. KocTHK KOMaH,[(hi

COCTaBJIHJII1 <!JyT60JII1CThl Ma,l:lp11,l:ICKOfO

<<PeaJia~. He,[(OCHraeMoro Ha KJiy6HoM

ypoBHe. 0,[(HaKo c6opHoif CCCP TaK 11 He

ITp11IUJIOCh CXJieCTHYThCH C <DpaHCI1CKO

XeHTO 11 ,l:lpyri1MI1 KOp11¢eHMI1: reHepaJI

<DpaHKO ITocqi1TaJI, qTo 11crraHu;aM He ITp11-

cTaJio 11rpaTh C KOMMYHI1CTaMI1, 11 KOMaH

,[(a CHHJiach c qeMITI10HaTa. TaK, 6e3 6oH,

c6opHaH CCCP, KOTopoM: pyKoBO,[(I1JI faB

p1111JI KaqaJII1H, ITOITaJia BO <DpaHU:11JO, Ha

3aKJIJOqi1TeJibHYIO CTa,[(l110 qeMITI10HaTa.

B ¢11HaJihHOM MaTqe Ha cTa,[(I10He «ITapK

,[(e ITpeHC~. 3a KOTOpblM Ha6JIJO,[(aJIO Ml1-

3epHOe ITO HbiHeiUHI1M MepKaM q11CJIO

3p11TeJieM: - 17 ThiCHq, c6opHaH CCCP

ITo6e,[(I1Jia KOMaH,[(Y IOrocJiaBI111. Pew a-

10Il\11M roJI BI1KTopa I1oHe,[(eJihHI1Ka -

B03MOlKHO, CaMhiM BalKHhiM B 11CTOp1111

COBeTCKOfO <!JyT60Jia - ,[(0 CI1X ITOp rpeeT

,l:lywy 6oJieJihll\11KaM co CTaJKeM. B Harpa,l:ly

aBTOp <<30JIOTOfO~ MHqa 11 ,l:lpyme yqacT

HI1KI1 IT06e,[(H0f0 ¢11HaJia - JleB 5IIUI1H,

AHaTOJII1M KpYT11KOB,I1roph Herro, CJiaBa

MeTpeBeJII1, BaJieHTI1H 11BaHoB, BaJieHTI1H

Ey6yKI1H, M11xa11JI Mecx11 - IToJiyqi1JII1

ITpeM1110: ITO 100 ,[(OJIJiapOB Ha KalK,[(OfO.

3a TaKoe B03HarpaJK,[IeHI1e HhiHeiUHI1e ¢YT-

6oJII1CThi He BhllUJII16bi ,[laJKe Ha pa3MI1HKy.

HECqACTJIUBbiU )I(PEiiUU T.J:epe3 qeTbipe ro,[la c6opHaH CCCP CHOBa

6biJia B ¢11HaJie, HO TYTYJK BCTpeql1 c rpo3-

HhiMI1 11CITaHn;aMI1 6b!JIO He 1136eJKaTb.

I10CTYITI1Bllli1Ch ITp11HU:11ITaMI1, reHepaJI

<DpaHKO JII1qHo Ha6JIJO,[(aJI 3a 11rpoM: 113

JIOlK11 ,[(JIH ITOqeTHbiX fOCTeiJ: Ma,l:lp11,l:ICKO

f0 cTa,[(I10Ha <<CaHThHro EepHa6ey~. BMe

CTI1Bwero B TOT ,[(eHb 125 Th!Cflq qeJIOBeK.

Haw11 ITpo11rpaJII11:2, 113Toro ITopaJKeHI1H

rJiaBHOMY TpeHepy c6opHoM: KoHcTaHTI1-

HY EecKoBy pyKoBO,[(I1TeJII1 CTpaHhi He

ITpocTI1JII1 - OH 6hiJI yBoJieH. TeiTeph JKe

0 TaKOM pe3yJihTaTe MOlKHO TOJihKO Meq

TaTb, 11 ecJII1 B 11JOHe ,li;11K A,l:IBOKaT ,[(OBe,[leT

c6opHyJO Pocc1111 ,[(O ¢11HaJia, oH CTaHeT

HaCTOHil\11M repoeM Pocc1111.

B 1968 ro,l:ly coBeTCKI1e ¢yT60JII1CThi

OITHTh Cqi1TaJII1Ch 0,[(H11M11 113 <!JaBOp11TOB

11 CHOBa yCTyiTI1JII1 xo3HeBaM qeMITI10Ha

Ta EBpOIThi - 11TaJihHHU:aM, Ha ceil: pa3

B ITOJIY¢11HaJie. 3TO ITOpaJKeHI1e 6biJIO,

B03MOlKHO, CaMhiM HeCITpaBe,[(JII1BhiM

B 11CTOp1111 ¢yT60Jia, a CaM MaTq BhiHBI1JI

HeCOBepweHCTBO <!JyT60JibHOfO perJia

MeHTa eBpoiTeifcKI1X ITepBeHCTB. OcHoB

Hoe BpeMH BCTpeql1, B KOTOpoiJ: 11TaJibHH

l\hl OT611BaJII1Ch KaK MOfJII1 (26-JieTHI1M

BpaTaph ,li;11HO ,ll;3o¢¢ TPY,l:II1JICH He ITO

KJia,[laH pyK), 3aBepiU11JIOCb BHI1%10 0:0.

Cep1111 ITeHaJihTI1,[(JIH BhiHBJieHI1H ITo6e,[(I1-

TeJIHTOr,[(aHeiTpoBO,[(I1JII1Ch;ITepe11rpoBKI1

ITpe,l:lyCMOTpeHhl 6hiJII1, HO TOJihKO ,[(JIH <lJ11-

HaJia. 5 11JOJIH 1968 ro,[(a Bee pewi1JI JKpe-

611M:. ToqHee, MOHeTKa, ITO,l:l6poweHHaH

123

1.tJ.ATCKI-1Vl ronKI-1nEP nETEP WMEVIXEnb

CTAJl rEPOEM B <lli-1HAnE nPOTI-16 C60P

HOV1 rEPMAHI-11-1

2. <lli-1HAJl ME>K,QY I-1TAni-1EVl 1-1 <llPAHL\I-1EVl

B l-110nE 2000 rDtJ.A- OAI-1H 1-13 CAMbiX

3AXBATbiBAIOllji-1X B I-1CTOPI-11-1 EBPO

cyAheHH3 Pf KypToM qeHqepoM B npH

cyTcTBHH KanHTaHoB AJib6epTa lllecTep

HeBa H L()!(aqHHTO <l>aKKeTTH. OCTaJihHhie

<!>yT60JIHCTbl B ::no BpeM51 CHAeJIH B pa3-

AeBaJIKaX. ~oHeTKa ynaJia HeyAaqHoii

CTOpOHOH: Haiim nOH51Jil1, qTO npOHrpaJIH,

KOfAa ycJibiiiiaJIH JIHKYIOIIIHH peB TpH6yH.

fEPOU llPOillJIOfO 11 HOBOBBE,li;EHUH ~Home nepBeHCTBa EBponhi BOIIIJIH

B HCTOpHIO H3-3a HeO)!(HAaHHbiX ycneXOB

ayTcaiiAepoB, <t>eHOMeHaJibHbiX HrpOKOB,

TaKTHqecKHX HOBHHOK. Ha qeMnHOHa

Te 1980 roAa Bcex oiiieJIOMHJia c6opHa51

EeJihrHH, BOBCe He 51BJI51BIIIa51C513aKOHOAa

TeJibHHI-IeH MOAB eBponeHCKOM <!>yT60Jie.

0AHaKO B 1980 fOAY OHa ycrreiiiHO npHMe

HHJia <!>yT60JibHOe <<HOy-xay>> - <<HCKyc

CTBeHHbiH o<t>caHA~. 3AeCh He06XOAHMO

n051CHHTb, qTO B TO BpeM51 60JibiiiHHCTBO

KOMaHA HrpaJIO C 51pKO Bbipa)!(eHHbiM

<<qHCTHJibiiiHKOM>> - <!>yT60JIHCTOM, pac

noJiaraBIIIHMC51 3a JIHHHeH 3aiiiHTHHKOB

l1 CTpaXOBaBIIIHM HX. I103l1Ql151 JIH6epo

6hiJia BeChMa 3HaqHMa - ee AOBep51JIH TeM,

KTO Jiyqiiie BCeX <<qHTaJI>> Hrpy, HanpHMep

124 DISCOVERY ilJOHb 2012

<l>paHQY EeKKeH6ay3py , Eo66H ~ypy H ApymM HHTeJIJieKTyaJiaM noJieii. YR3-

BHMoe MeCTO TaKOH paCCTaHOBKH B TOM,

qTO JIH6epo HeBOJibHO C03AaeT rJiy6HHY

AJIR aTaKH conepHHKOB. EeJibrHHQhi OT

BeprJIH TpaAHQHOHHYIO TaKTHKY l1 CTaJIH

HrpaTh B JIHHHIO, H3-3a qero <t>opBapAbl,

npHBhiKIIIHe BOJibfOTHO paCIIOJiaraThC51

3a CIIHHaMH 3aiiiHTHHKOB, OKa3biBaJIHCb

B o<t>cai1Ae. EJiaroAap513TOMyTpiDKy6eJih

mi1Qhi AOIIIJIH AO <!>HHaJia, rAe naJIH nepeA

Hey513BHMOH c6opHOH fepMaHHH.

JI.o Poccuu 3mo rjJym6ollbHoe HOBUtecmao OOKamUJlOCb mOJlbKO Jlem lfepe3 oecJlmb. B 1990-e omelfecmaeHHbte Klly6bl 'tpe3-BbllfaiiHo 6oJle3HeHHO nepexoouJlu Ha uzpy a llUHUIO, 6e3 Komopou Heao3MOJICHo npeocmaaumb coapeMeHHblU rjJym6oJl.

MCTopHR c6opHoi1 L(aHHH, BhmrpaBIIIeii

qeMnHoHaT EBponhi 1992 roAa, BnOJIHe

MOfJia Jieqh B OCHOBY OCTpOCJO)!(eTHOfO

<!>HJihMa, npHqeM BeChMa KaCCOBOfO -

3pHTeJIH o6o)!(aJOT TaKHe Hrphi cyAh6bi.

EABa JIH KTO-TO MOf npeACTaBHTb ce6e, qTQ

caHKQHH, HaJIO)!(eHHhie OOH Ha IOrocJia

BHJO, o6ecrreqaT qyTh JIH He caMyJO rpoM-

KYJO ceHcaQHJO B HCTopHH <!>yT6oJia. BMe

CTO IOfOCJiaBOB B lliBeQHIO OTIIpaBHJIHCb

AaTqaHe, 3aH51BIIIHe BTOpoe MeCTO B CBOeH

oT6opoqHoi1 rpynne. TpeHepy PHxapAy

~eJIJiepy-HHJihCeHy npHIIIJIOCh co6HpaTh

<!>yT60JIHCTOB B 6yKBaJibHOM CMbiCJie no

nJI5l)!(aM - MHOrHe, He 3Ha51 0 rpRAYIIIeM

peiiieHHH YEA, y)!(e pa3bexaJIHCh OTAhi

xaTh no KypopTaM.

3a BOCXO)I(tjeHifeM c6opHOH ,[(amm ITO TYPHMpHoi1: ceTKe Ha6niOt~aJm c HapaCTaIO!liMM ni060ITbiTCTBOM - BCe ITbiTanY!Cb rrpet~yrat~aTb, Ha KaKoi1: cTat~MM rrpepBeTOI cKa3Ka. Oce'IKM t~aT'IaH EBporra TaK Yl He tjO)I(tjanach: YIX He OCTaHOBYinlf HYI C60pHa.H <l>paHQYIYI, HYI 6nMCTaTenhHbie ronnaHt~llhi, HM t~a)l(e HeMQbi. B <l>MHane rp03Hble aTaKYI c6opHOH fepMaHYIYI pa3-6MnY!Cb o rroTp.HcaiO!lle MrpaBwero ronKMrrepa IIeTepa IIIMeM:xen.H.

OpraHM3aTopoB 'leMrrMoHaToB EBporrbi '1pe3Bbi'IaHHO 3a60TY!na 3penM!liHOCTb copeBHOBaHMH. B 1996 rot~y Ha eBporreM:CKOM rrepBeHCTBe B AHrnMM6hinO BBet~eHO rrpaBY!nO «30nOTOr0>.) M.H'Ia, <l>aKTY!'IeCKYI rrpY!paBH.HBWee ron B tjOITOnHY!TenbHOe BpeM.H K 3a6MTOH B OBepTaHMe wai1:6e, o6phiBaBwei1: XOKKeHHbiH MaT'I. B CeBepHOH AMepMKe TaKoi1: ron Ha3hiBanM <<BHe-3arrHa.H CMepTb>> (sudden death). TaKyiO <<CMepTb>.) 16 neT Ha3at~ rrepe)I(Mna B <l>MHane eBporreM:cKoro rrepBeHCTBa c6opHa.H qeXMYI. A <<KMnnepoM>> qexoB CTan <PopBapt~ c6opHOH repMaHYIYI OnMBep EY1pxo<P<l>-

I1cxot~ cnet~yiO!llero 'leMrrMOHaTa EBpoITbi TO)I(e pewMn <<3onoTOH>.) ron. B <l>MHane c6opHa.H I1TanMM6bina B ware oT rro6et~bi Hat~ <l>paHQy3aMM. CMnbBeH BMnhTOp crrac <l>paHQYIIO y)l(e B KOMITeHCY!pOBaHHOe BpeM.H. A B OBepTaHMe 3MHetjY!H 3Mt~aH Ctjenan rrac ,[(aBMAY Tpe3ere, M <l>opBapt~ B KacaHMe BOrHan M.H'I B CeTKy.

BBet~eHMe rrpaBMna «3onoToro>.) rona oKa3anocb qepecqyp pat~MKanbHbiM xot\OM - 3TO noMano cyt~b6bi MHOfYIX KOMaHtj, Kapbepbi TpeHepoB o6phmanMch B OAHO MrHoBeHMe. A rroToMy B 2004 rot~y Ha 'leMrrMOHaTe EBporrbi B IIopTyranMM BrrepBbie orrpo6oBanM cMcTeMy TaK Ha-3biBaeMoro «cepe6p.HHoro>.) rona: y KoMaHt~hi, rrporryCTYIBWeH M.H'I B t\OITOnHYITenhHOe BpeM.H, 6hrna B03MO)I(HOCTb McrrpaBMTb rrono)l(eHMe. TaKa.H CMTyaQM.H B03HMKna B rrony<l>MHane, Kort~a ceHcaQM.H TYPHMpa - c6opHa.H fpeQMM- Ha 105-M: MMHyTe 3a6Mna B BOpOTa KOMaHtjbl qeXYIYI. Y qexoB 6hrna 'leTBepTb qaca Ha TO, 'IT0-6bi cpaBH.HTb C'leT, HO rpeKY! Bb!CTO.Hnlf. Ha TOM 'leMrrMoHaTe EBporrhi OHM B006!lle cbrrpanM qpe3Bbi'Iai1:Ho rrparMaTM'IHo: Bee TPM cTat~MM rrneM:-o<l>MHane c6opHa.H fpeQMM o6birpana

e no3H3Hb

X03.HeB TYPHMpa, KOMaHt~Y IIopTyranMYI. Et~MHCTBeHHhiM correpHMKOM, KOTopoMy yt~anOCb BhmrpaTb y 6yt~YIIIYIX 'leMITYIOHOB EBporrhr, CTana c6opHa.H PocmM. IIpaBt~a, 3Ta rro6et~a cny'IMnacb Ha rpyrrrroBoi1: cTatiYIM Yl He MOrna CKpaCYITb BITe'laTneHYI.H OT rrpoBanhHOrO BbiCTyrrneHYI.H pOCCYI.HH.

TPHYMCil H HOBA.H HA,IJ;EJK,IJ;A 3aTo 'leMrrMoHaT EBporrhr 2008 rot~a CTan HacTO.H!liMM TPMYM<l>oM c6opHoi1: PocCMM, 6yKBanbHO rrepepOtjYIBWeHC.H riOt\

PYKOBOt\CTBOM ryca XMt~t\YIHKa, rrepBoro B YICTOpY!Y! YIHOCTpaHHOrO TpeHepa Haw eft HaQY!OHanbHOH KOMaHtjbl. fonnaHt~eQ, ITOXO)I(lfll Ha t~o6pot~ywHoro t~et~ywKy, Ha tja'ly K KOTOpOMY C nerKYIM ceptjQeM MO)I(HO oTITpaBMTh t~eTei1: Ha neTo, Ha YtiMBneHMe 6hrCTpO Haw en ITOtjXOt\ K pOCCYIHCKYIM <l>yT60nYICTaM.

oauH U3 ;zuJepoB c6opHoii PoMaH llaBJliOlfeHKO npu3HGJ!Cfl, ztmo B caoeii Kapbepe 6blll ZOmOB «yMupamb» mOJlbKO 3G Jayx mpeHepOB - oJHUM U3 HUX 6btll XuJJUHK.

125

~ DISCOVERY cnOPT

I nPOV1rPbiW ronnAH,QL(EB C50PHOi1 POCCV1V1 B YETBEPTb<!JV1HAnE YE-2008 CTAn CEHCAL(V1Ei1.

nocnE <!JV1HAnbHOrD CBV1CTKA, 3A<!JV1KCV1POBABWErO CYET 3 :1 B nonb3Y POCCV1V1 , CTA,QV10H

B 5A3EnE B30PBAnC5l OBAI..IV15lMV1

foJIJiaHt~eu; YtiHBHTeJihHhiM o6pa30M BJII0-

6HJI B ce6H scex - HHrpoKOB, H 6oJieJib

Il.\HKOB, HlKypHaJIHCTOB, 3a llCKJIIO'IeHM:eM

Jllllllb OTe'leCTBeHHbiX TpeHepOB CTapofl

3aKaJIKll, 6pi03JKaBIIIllX, 'ITO Hal.\llOHaJib

HOH KOMaHt~oi1 tiOJIJKeH pyKoBOt\HTh poc

CHHCKHH crreu;HaJIHCT. BITOCJie):ICTBHH HH

KTO He ITOJKaJieJI, 'ITO P<flC C):leJiaJI CTaBKY

HMeHHO Ha XH):I):IllHKa, 3apiTJiaTy KOTOpO

MY H3 csoero KapMaHa Il.\et~po BhiiiJia'IHBaJI

PoMaH A6paMOBH'I KaK cou;HaJihHO OTBeT

CTBeHHhiH MllJIJIHap,11ep.

126 DISCOVERY YIJOHb 2012

KpoMe scero ITpoqero, roJIJiaH,!ICKHH

TpeHep ll3MeHHJI MeHTaJIM:TeT OTe'le

CTBeHHbiX ¢yT6oJIHCTOB. PaHbiiie B Hrpax

CO CTaTyCHb!Mll COITepHHKaMH c6opHaH

POCCllll B OCHOBHOM JKaJiaCh K CBOllM BO

poTaM, YITOBaH Ha IIIaJihHYIO KOHTpaTaKy.

0t~HaKO B llCTOpH'IeCKOM 'leTBepTb¢H

HaJibHOM MaT'Ie C KOMaH):IOH fOJIJiaH):Illll,

C'IHTaBIIIeHCH O):IHllM ll3 ¢asopHTOB,

llMeHHO pOCCllHHe ):lllKTOBaJIH rp03HOMY

ITpOTllBHHKY CBOll ycJIOBllH. I1 fOJIJiaH,!Il.\bl

6biJill ITOBepJKeHbl - 1:3 - B ll3Hil.\HOM, HO

6eCKOMITpOMllCCHOM CTHJie, ll 3TOT ¢yT-

6oJI s HCITOJIHeHHH c6opHoi1 PoccHH Ha

ITOMHHaJI JiereH,!IapHbiH «TOTaJibHbiH»,

KOTOpb!M B 1980-e fO):Ibl OIIIeJIOMJIHJia

KOMaHt~a BaJiepHH Jlo6aHoBcKoro.

B ITOJIY¢HHaJie c6opHaH PoccHH, Bhi

MOTaHHaH 6aTaJIHeH C fOJIJiaH,!Il.\aMH,

CJIOlKHJia opyJKHe ITepe,!l llCITaHu;aMH -

BITOCJiet~CTBHH OHM BhmrpaJIH TYPHHp.

0):1HaKO C ITYCTb!Mll pyKaMH pOCCllHHe ll3

ABCTpllllll Illsei1u;apllll He yexaJIH. nope

rJiaMeHTY 'leMITHOHaToB EspoiTbi MaT'IH

3a TpeTbe MeCTO He ITpOBO):IHTCH - cpa3y

Bpy'IaiOTCH 6pOH30Bhie Me,!laJIH. I1 KaKaH

pa3Hlll.\a, 'ITO ITOMHMO HaC <<6pOH3y>> ITO

JIY'IllJill ell.\e H TYPKH, yCTyiTHBIIIHe B t~py

roM ITOJIY¢HHaJie HeMu;aM? KTO 0 HllX

y HaC BCIIOMHHaeT?

Ta, CaMaH 3HaKOBaH B COBpeMeHHOH

llCTOpHH IT06et~a Ka3aJiaCh CKa3KOH. llOCJie

TPHYM¢aJibHOro 'leTsepTh¢HHaJia Hapot~ XJihiHYJI Ha YJIHI.\hi H3 6apos, peCTopaHoB,

KBapTHp. llHKYIOII.\lle TOJIITbl 3aiTpy,!IHJill

TsepcKyiO yJIHu;y, BhiiiJieCHyBIIIHCh Ha

MOCTOByiO,- BO,!IHTeJIH He ITpOTeCTOBaJIH.

OHM: c¢opMHposaJIH csoe asTOM06HJihHOe

IIIeCTBlle ll ry):leJill, CJIOBHO IIIJia HeCKOH

qaeMaH csat~b6a. IIo'leTHhiMH rocTHMH Ha

Hei1 cTaJIH 6poH30Bbie AJieKcaHt~p II yiii

KHH H I0pHi1 ,ll;oJiropyKHH, KOTOpbiM ITO

BH3aJIH ¢aHaTCKlle <<p03bl>> C pOCCllHCKllM

TpllKOJIOpOM.

IIepe,11 HhiHeiiiHHM 'leMITHOHaToM Es

poiTbi MOlKHO Ha):leHTbCH, 'ITO ryJIHHbH

ITO TsepcKoi1 'leTbipexJieTHei1 t~aBHOCTH

6yt~yT HMeTb ITPOtiOJIJKeHHe: cefiqac Ha

pot~Hhie OlKH,!IaHHH KaK HllKOf,!la BbiCOKll.

B BapiiiaBy, rt~e c6opHaH PoccHH ITposet~eT ):IBa MaT'Ia, C06HpaiOTCH 6oJiee 50 Tb!CH'I

poCCllHCKllX 6oJieJibll.\llKOB.

AlKHOTaJK oTe'leCTBeHHhiX ¢aHaToB,

fOTOBbiX ):I06HpaThCH B llOJibiiiY Ha JII0-

6oM Bll,!le TpaHCIIOpTa, ITOHHTeH: B KOH-TO

seKH c6opHaH PoccHH He 6yt~eT 6et~HhiM pO,!ICTBeHHllKOM - Mbl C'IHTaeMCH ¢aso

pHTaMH B rpyiTITe A. I1 HeciTpocTa. PocmH

HaM BhmaJI ¢aHTacTH'IeCKHi1JKpe6Hi1. Ha

rpyiTITOBOM 3TaiTe coiTepHHKaMH Haiiiei1

KOMaH):Ibl 6y,11yT llOJibiiia, l.J:eXHH ll fpe-

1\llH. IIocJie JKepe6beBKH o¢Hu;HaJibHbie

JIHu;a CHHJIH YJibi6KaMH, 'IJieHoB Haiiiei1 t~e

Jierau;HH3aBHCTJIHBO XJIOITaJIH ITO ITJie'laM

ITpet~cTaBHTeJIH MeHee yt~a'IJIHBhiX ¢et~e

pau;Hi1- MOJI, «BOT 3TO ¢apT»! C

DISCOVERY : . • '~ .. a n{JOt1380/].t1T8flt1 KOCM8Tt1Kt1 rDTOBHT HaWe

KOMAHAA HA CTAPT • 0JII1MITI1HCKI1e ITo6e,l1bi Ha'II1HaiOTCH c y.l1a'IHoro eTa pTa, a yTpo

Ka)K,l10f0 MY)!{'II1Hbl, eCJII1 OH, KOHe'IHO, He ITOKJIOHHI1K 6opO,l1bl, -

c 6p11ThH. B KaHyH JIOH.l10HCKoi1 Om1MITI1a,l1hi 6peH.l1 Gillette, BOT

y)!{e COTHIO JieT COBeprneHCTBYI0~11H ITPOI-IeCC 6p11TbH, ITOITOJIHI1JI

COCTaB CBOefl Me)!{,l1yHap0,11HOH <<OJII1MITI1HCKOH KOMaH,l1bl>>. IlOCJIOM

MapK11 CTaJI pOCCI1HCKI1H ITJIOBei-1 H11KI1Ta Jio611H!-IeB.J13BeCTHO, 'ITO

ITJIOB!-Ibl y,11eJIHIOT 6p11Tb!O oco6oe BHI1MaHI1e, Be,l1b fJia,l1KOCTb K0)!{11

BJII1HeT Ha ,l111HaMI1KY TeJia B BO,l1e, a ITOTOMY OHI1 3Ha!OT TOJIK B 6p11T

Bax. H11K11Ta Jio611H!-IeB O,l1HI1M 113 ITepBbiX B Pocc1111 ITOITpo6osan

B ,l1ei1cTBI111 6p11TBeHHYIO CI1CTeMy Gillette Fusion Pro Glide Power

30JIOTOfO !-IBeTa - 11 O!-leHI1JI ee ITO ,l10CTOI1HCTBy.

WBE~UAPCKOEBPEM~

fp1160e,110BCKOe • yTsep)!{,11eHI1e

0 TOM, 'ITO <<C'IaCTJII1Bbie 'JaCOB He Ha6JIIO,l1a-

IOT>>, orrposepraiOT wsei11-1apCKaH qacosaH

MapKa Gc 11 peaJII130BaHHaH B Hefl KOH!-Iell

i-11151 <<Pa3yMHoi1 pocKOIIII1~. Gc ,11enaeT 'I a Chi

,11JIH TeX, KTO He 60I1TCH pa3pyrnaTb 6apbe

pbi. KoMITaHI1H rrpe,11naraeT wsei1!-lapcKI1e

CTI1JibHbie 'IaCbl ITO pa3yMHOH!-1eHe - TeiTepb

11 B MOH06peH,l10BOM 6yTHKe, KOTOpbiH OT

KpbiJICH B Mae B CTOJII1'IHOH TOprOBOH ran epee

<~MocKsa>>. 0TKpbiTI1e cTano KYJihTYPHhiM

co6biTI1eM: roCTI1 MOrJII1 ys11,11eTb BhiCTaBKY

6pa311JihCKoro <j)oTOrpa¢a I111Ho foMeca

11 1103HaKOMI1TbCH C IlOCJiaMI1 MapK11 - KOM-

110311TOpOM AneKceeM Jie~yKOBhiM, 6anep11-

Hoi1 Map11ei1 TIOp11HOHI1.11PYrHMI1.


• PACCEKA~ BOnHbl

Tpa,1111!-1110HHbiH MOpCKOH CTHJ!b

B O,l1e)!{,l1e o6biKHOBeHHO Op11eHT11py

eTCH Ha o6pa3bi, HaBeHHHbie ¢erne

He6eJibHhiMI1 KypopTaMI1 Jla3ypHoro

Eepera 11 KoponeBCKI1MI1 ITapycHbiMI1

peraTaMI1. EpeH,l1 GANT B HbiHernHeM

Ce30He 11pOTI1BOITOCTaBJIHeT 3TOMY

CTepeOTI1ITY HOBYIO HXTeHHYIO KOJI

JieK!-11110 Navy Nautical. B,l10XHOBI1B

IIII1Ch CTI1JII1CTI1KOH TOprOBOfO <j}JIOTa

1930-X, ,l1113aHHepbl 6peH,l1a HaiTOJIHI1JII1

KOJIJieK!-11110 pBaHbiM CI1HI1M ,l1eHI1MOM

11 6piOKaMI1 C HapO'II1TbiM11 3aiTJiaTKa

MI1, ITOJIOCaTbiMI1 <j}yT60JIKaMI111 Herrpo

.l1yBaeMbiMI1 KYPTKaMI1-IIITopMoBKaMI1,

KOTOpbie BCTyrraiOT B rrapa,l10KCaJibHOe

rrapTHepcTBO c YTOH'IeHHofl HXTeHHofl

Knacc11Koi1. A ycTOHBrnaHcH <<MopcKaH~

CI1He-6enaH ITaJI11Tpa pa36asneHa He-

0)!{11,11aHHhiMI111 CO'IHbiMI1 HpKO-)!{eJI

TbiM 11113YMPY.l1Hb!M i-1BeTaMI1.

KOMAP HOCA HE nOATO~VIT

B MHpe HaCql1TbJBaeTCH 6oJiee 3000 BH):IOB KOMapOB, HaCeJIHJOmHX BCe •

KOHTHHeHTbl, KpOMe AHTapKTH):Ibl,- a 3Haql1T, OTITpaBJIHHCb JieTOM

Ha ITpHpO,'Iy, ITpaKTHqecKH HHKTO He l136eraeT BCTpeqH C 3Tl1Ml1 KpOBOCOCaMH. IlpHBbJqHbiM

ciToco6aM 6oph6hi Bpot~e ciTpeeB - peiTeJIJieHTOB, KOTOphie Hepet~KO o6Jiat~aJOT pe3KHM 3aiTaxoM

H KOTOphie HY)I(HO HaHOCHTh Ka)l():lhie ITOJiqaca, KOMITaHHH Columbia ITpet~JiaraeT HeO)I(H):IaH

HYJO aJibTepHaTHBy. B HOBoi1 KOJIJieKl\HH ot~e)l():lhi OT ::JToro 6peHt~a MO)I(HO Hai1TH BemHH3

HHHOBal\HOHHhiX TeKCTHJihHhiX MaTepHaJIOB, ITPOITHTaHHhiX ITO TexHoJiorHH Insect B l ocker™.

ITpoiTHTKa miToaJIJiepreHHa, 6e3oiTacHa ):IJIH oKpy)l(aJOmei1 cpet~hi H MO)I(eT ITepeHeCTH

):10 70 CTHpOK, COXpaHHH ITOCTOHHHbie 3amHTHbie CBOHCTBa.

6An b3AM HA AYWY

3t~Op0Bhe BOJIOC HaiTpHMYIO 3aBHCI1T OT COCTOHHHH KO)I(l1

fOJIOBhl, a JieTOM OHa KaK HHKOf,'la HY)I(t~aeTCH B OC0 -

6oJ13a60Te. B 3TOM ITOMOraJOT CITel\HaJII13I1pOBaHHbie

yxa)I(HBaJOmHe cpet~cTBa. T aK, 6peHt~ CLEAR vita ABE

C03):1aJI CHCTeMy cpe,'ICTB ):IJIH ITpH):IaHHH BOJIOCaM rycTOTbl

l1 CHJibl, IT03BOJIHJOmyJO mar 3a IIIafOM ITpi16JIH)I(aThCH

K )l(eJiaeMOMY pe3yJihTaTy l1 He OCTaHaBJIHBaThCH Ha ):10 -

CTHrHYTOM - HaqaB C 6a30Bb! X ITOBCe):IHeBHbiX ITpOl\e,'lyp,

a 3aTeM ):I06aBHB K HHM cpe):ICTBa ):IOITOJIHHTeJibHOfO

yxot~a. B JIHHei1Ke ITpet~cTaBJieHbi He TOJihKO rnaMITYHH

Ha Ka)l():lb!H ):leHb, HO l1 ITHTaJOmHe MaCKH, l1HTeHCI1BHbiH

CeMH):IHeBHhiH Kypc, a TaK)I(e ITHTaJOmHJ16aJih3aM- OITO

JiaCKHBaTeJib C KOMITJieKCOM BHTaMHHOB, MHHepaJIOB

H ITHTaTeJihHhiX BemeCTB NUTRIUM 10.

TOnbKO BnEPEA • ITpet~cTaBHTeJibHHl\hi ITpeKpacHoro ITOJia B ITO

Bcet~HeBHoi1 )l(l13Hl1 ):IBHfaJOTCH B cpe,'IHeM 60Jihiiie,

qeM My)l(qHHhi. K HaiTpH)I(eHHOCTH pa6oqero pHTMa

):I06aBJIHIOTCH MHOrOqHCJieHHbie ):IOMaiiiHHe ):leJia,

Tpe6yJOmHe HeMaJIOH <l>H3HqeCKOH aKTI1BHOCTI1,

Harpy3Kl1 B <l>HTHeC- KJiy6e l1JII1 ITO):IBI1)1(Hble Hrpbl

C ,'leThMH B ITapKe. )l(eHmHHaM, ITOCTOHHHO HaXO):IH

mHMCH B ):IBI1)1(eHHI1, CITel\HaJIHCTbl 6peH,'Ia Rexona

ITpe,'IJiaraJOT HOBbiH aHTHITepCITHpaHT C TeXHOJIOmeJ1

Motion Sense"'. 06oJioqKa BXOt~HmHx B ero cocTaB

MHOroqHcJieHHbiX MHKpOKaiTCYJI C ITap<l>IOMepHOH

KOMIT03l1l\HeH pa3pyrnaeTCH Ha KO)I(e ITO):IMbiiiieK

B pe3yJibTaTe TpeHHH ITpH ):IBI1)1(eHHI1, HeiTpepbiBHO

BbiCB060)1():1aH HOBbie 3apH,'Ibl CBe)l(eCTH.

6E3 BOAbl

EcJIH paccJia6JieHHhiM

ITJIH)I(Hb!M BOH)I(aM •

BhiiTpet~IToqHTaeTe

aKTHBHbiH OT):Ib!X, TO

HaBepHHKa 3HaeTe:

ITOpoJ1 CJIO)I(HO HaHTH

ITO):IXOt\HmHe ycJIOBHH,

qT06hi Bb!Mb!Tb fOJIOBy.

Oco6eHHO ecJIH Bhi -

o6Jiat~aTeJihHHl\at~JIHH HhiX BOJioc. KocMeTH

qecKHi16peHt~ Syoss

pa3pa6oTaJI JIHHHJO

cyxHx rnaMITyHei1 -

cpe,'ICTB ITO yxot~y 3a BO

JIOCaMH, He Tpe6yJOmHX

):la)l(e BO):Ibl, KOTOpbie

ITO):IXO):IHT )l(eHmHHaM,

)l(eJiaJOmHM Bcert~a

HMeTh B03MO)I(HOCTb

OCBe)I(HTb BOJIOCbl. ,[(o

CTaTOqHO paCITbiJIHTb

IIIaMITYHb Ha BOJIOCbl,

HeMHOfO ITO):Iep)l(aTb,

<<BMaCCHpOBaTh!> ITO

JIOTeHl\eM l1 TmaTeJihHO

pacqecaTb - IIIaMITYHb

):leJIHKaTHO OqHmaeT,

ITpH):IaeT CBe)l(eCTb

l1 ::J<l><l>eKTHbiH o6beM.

129

DISCOVERY

MCnbiTAHME nPOMAEHO! Ben~'-leCTBeHHble ropbl c ~x neA51HbiM~ sep

w~HaM~, HeseposnHo~ KpacoTo~. onacHbiM~

0Cbln51M~ ~ OTBeCHbiM~ CKanaM~- ~CnbiTa

H~e He TOnbKO An51 AYXa niOAe~, OTBa>K~BaiO

W,~XC51 nOKOp51Tb ~X, HO ~ An51 ... KO>K~.

OcnemiTeJibHoe coJIHQe,

nyqw KOToporo He ycrreBaJOT

pacceHBaThCH B aTMoc<t>epe,

,!Ia K TOMY )l{e OTpa)l{aJOTC.!I OT

Jib,!la H CHera, o6)1{HraeT H cy

IIIHT JIJ06oi:J: He3all.IHllleHHbiH

yqacToK KO)I{H. OT xoJIO,!IHoro

BeTpa JIHI.IO .11y6eeT, ero Qapa

rraJOT OCTpbie Jlb,!IHHKH, ITO

Bpe)l{,!leHHa.H KO)I{a BOCITaJI.H

eTC.!I. I1MeHHO TaKHe cypoBbJe

ycJIOBH.!I 6bJJIH Bbi6paHbl ,!IJI.!I

HCITbiTaHH.!I HOBbiX cpe,!ICTB

yxo,11a 3a qyBCTBHTeJibHOH

KO)I{eH NIVEA for Men. He

rrocpe,!ICTBeHHO Ha pO,!IHHe

aJibiTHHH3Ma H ropHbiX Jlbl)l{,

y rro,!IHO)I{H.!I MoH6JiaHa,

B HTaJib.!IHCKOM ropO,!IKe

KypMai:J:op, rrpoiiiJIO HCITbi-

TaHHe rrpo,11yKTOB NIVEA for

Men, rrpH yqacTHH MaCTepoB

<Ppwpai1:,11a H3 rrpoeKTa Ride

the Planet - YHHKaJihHhiX

crropTcMeHOB,rro6e,!IHTenei1:

Me)l{,!lyHapo,!IHhiX TYPHHpoB

ITO crrycKy Ha ropHbiX JlbJ)I{aX

H CHoy6op,!lax BHe Tpacc.

To ecTh KaK pa3 Tex 3KC

TpeManoB, KTO ITOCTO.!IHHO

ITO,!IBepraeTC.!I HCIIbJTaHH.!IM

HerrpOCTbiMH ycJIOBH.!IMH

3aCHe)l{eHHbiX rop. <t>pw

pai:J:,!Iepbi, y KOTOpbiX 6hiJIO

,!IOCTaTOqHO BpeMeHH, qT06bi

rrorrpo6oBaTb cpe,!ICTBa ,!IJIH

6pHTb.!l, reJIH H ,!le30,!10paHTbl

NIVEA for Men, BhiCOKO HX

OQeHHJIH.BOT,HarrpHMep,qTO

cKa3aJI Oner KoJIMOBCKHH,


pai1:,11ep H orrepaTop: «51 oqeHb

He JIJ06JIJO 6pHTbC.H! MeH.H

crracaeT reJih ,!IJIH 6pHTb.H

,!IJI.!I qyBCTBHTeJibHOH KO)I{H

NIVEA for Men. Enaro,11ap.11

eMy H36aBJieHHe OT llleTHHbl

CTaHOBHTC.!I 6oJiee-MeHee

rrpH.!ITHbiM rrpoQeCCOM, MO.!I

KO)I{a xopoiiio peampyeT

Ha 3TOT reJib. B OTJIHqwe

rEnl!'l An 51 AYWA: 1. «CEPE5PSIHASI3A~Io1TA»

YBnAlKH~IOU(I-11ii PH-HEii\TPAnbHbllil

fEnb C I-10HAMI-1 CEPE6PA 3<!><!>EK

TI-1BHO 60PETC~ C 6AKTEPI-1~MI-1 ,

Bbl3biBAIOU\1-1MI-1 HEnPI-1~THbllii3AnAX,

1-1 6EPElKHO OYI-1U\AET KOlKY.

2. «MACCIUKAHTio1CTPECC»

fEnb,Qn~ ,QYWA C YHI-1KAnbHbiMI-1

MACCI-1PYIOU\1-1MI-1 YACTI-1LJ,AMI-1 ,

PH-HEiiiTPAnbHbllil , CHI-1MAET HA

nP~lKEHI-1E B MbiWLIAJ<, PACCnA6n~ET

1-1 nOMOfAET BOCCTAHOBI-1Tb Cl-1nbl.

nO,QXO,QI-1T KAK ,Qn~ TEnA, TAK 1-1 ,Qn~

sonoc.

3. «CBElKECTb roPHOiii PEKI-1»

fEnb C MmHbiMI-1 fPAHYnAMI-1 ,

PH-HEiiiTPAnbHbllil , ,QAETOU\YU\EHI-1E

CBElKECTI-11-1 60,1:\POCTI-1. nO,QXO,QI-1T

,Qn~ TEnA 1-1 sonoc.

4. ccCnOPT,,

PH-HEiiiTPAnbHbllil fEnb C MI-1HEPAnA

MI-11-13An AXOM n AiiiMACTI-1MYni-1PYET

KOlKY 1-1 BOCCTAHABni-1BAETCI-1nbl

nocnE <!>I-131-1YECKI-1X HAfPY30K. no,Q

XO,QI-1T .Qn~ TEnA 1-1 sonoc.

OT ,11pymx, OH oqeHb M.Hr

KHH, K TOMY )l{e rrpHHTHO

H He pe3KO rraxHeT - Boo6ll.le

B MY)I{CKoi:J: KOCMeTHKe MeH.H

Bcer,11a pa3,!1pa)l{aJOT HaB.H3qH

Bbie 3arraxw. A rrocne 6pHTb.H

.11 rroJib3YJOCb YBJia)I{H.!IJOll.IHM

reJieM,yHHBepcaJibHOCTb

KOToporo MeH.H He rrepeCTaeT

Y.!IHBJI.!ITb!~

)KHsorrHCh - HcKyccTBO rosopHTh u;seTOM. A )I(I1BOrrHcu;eM 113 )I(HsorrHcu;es cnep;yeT Ha3BaTh Ka3HMI1pa Manes11qa c ero << qepHhiM KBap;paTOM>> - KapTI1HOH, B KOTOpoif HeT HI1qero, KpOMe IJ;BeTa.

rnEI MaKCl-1M 6YPOB, HHa )I(EJlE3HOBA

CnyqaifHhie ITPOXO)I(He, ITOITaBirme

18 Ma.H 1935 ro~a Ha HeBCKHH - TOf~a

Ha3biBaBUlHHC.fl ITpOCIIeKTOM 25-ro 0K

T.H6p.H, - C JII060IThiTCTBOM CMOTpenH Ha

He06hi'IHYIO ITOXOpOHHYIO ITpOl\eCCHIO.

Y'laCTHHKH ee BhiCTpownwch s~onh rnas

HOH neHwHrpa~CKoif ynHl\hi

ITo-soeHHOMy, umanepaMw,

Yl Me)l(~y ~BYM.H p.H~aMH niO

~eif TOp)l(eCTBeHHO ITnhina

<<ITOnyTopKa>>, B OTKphiTOM

Ky3ose KOTopoif B03BhiUianc.H

cTyiTeH'IaThiH rpo6, 6onhUie

ITOXO)I(YIH Ha ITpOH3Be~eHHe HC

KYCCTBa. <<CyiTpeMaTH'IeCKHH

capKo<Par>> 6enoro 1.\BeTa Hec

Ha ce6e H3o6pa)l(eHwe qepHhiX

KBa~paTa Yl Kpyra - OH 6hiJI

C~enaH ITO 3CKH3Y CaMOfO yMep

Uiero. ,[(on)l(eH 6hin 6hiTh ell\e

qepHhiH KpeCT, HO xy~O)I(HYIKYI

KoHcTaHTHH Po)l(~ecTBeHCKHH

w HwKonaif CyeTwH He CTanw

BhiiiOnH.HTh 3TO ITO)I(enaHHe

ITOKOHHoro: B aTeHCTH'IeCKOM

CoseTCKOM Co103e KpecT Mor

6hiTh TpaKTOBaH HCKniO'IH

TenhHO KaK penHfYI03HhiH

CYIMBOn. KaK HeTpy~HO ~ora

~aThC.fl, xopoHwnw Ka3HMwpa

11aneswqa - po~oHa'lanhHH-

Ka CyiTpeMaTH3Ma, aBTOpa 3HaMeHHTOfO

<< qepHoro KBa~paTa>>.

Ka)l(eTc.H, HeT ~pyroif TaKoif KapmHhi,

ITO ITOBO~Y KOTOpOH 6hinO 6hi CnOMaHO

CTOnhKO KOITHH B ~HCKYCCYI.HX. <<qepHhiH

KBa~paT» B ycTaX ITpOTYIBHYIKOB asaHrap~

HOfO YICKYCCTBa CTan e~Ba nH He pyraTenh

CTBOM. «lllapnaTaHCTBO>> OT )!(YIBOITYICYI,

Ha~yBaTenhCTBO, KOBapHhiH o6MaH Yl ro

nhiH Koponh. O~HH yTsep)l(~aiOT, 'ITO ITO~

qepHOTOH KBa~paTa CKphiBaeTC.fl KaKOH

TO ~pyroif )I(YIBOITHCHhiH aKT, O'leBH~HO

Hey~aBUIYIHC.fl, - a KBa~paT ITO.HBHnC.H KaK

)l(eCT OT'Ia.HHYI.fl. ,[(pyme, CTpeM.HCh 6nec

HJTh 3py~Hl\HeH, e~KO 3aMe'laiOT: MOn, 11a

neBH'I 6hm He ITepBhiM, H3a 20 neT ~o Hero,

B 1893 ro~y. UIYTO'IHoe ITpOH3Be~eHwe Ha

TOT )l(e <<CJO)I(eT>> C03~an <PpaHl\Y3CKYIH ITH

CaTenh-IOMOpHCT Anh<PoHc Anne - OHO

HOCHnO Ha3BaHHe «EHTBa HerpOB B ITe

Il\epe rny6oKoif HO'IhiO». TpeThH, sonhHO

HHTepiTpempy.H ITO~po6Hocm6worpa<Pww

xy~O)I(HHKa, yTsep)l(~aiOT, 'ITO Ha Kapm

He Yl306pa)l(eH ... Manh'IHK-fYIMHa3HCT: 3TO

ero paHel\ qepHeeT Ha <Po He 6enoro cHera.

BITpo'IeM, ITocne~H.H.H sepcw.H He nwUieHa

OCHOBaHHH.

B 1915-M, TOM )l(e ro~y. KOTOphiM ~a

THpyeTC.fl caMhiH YI3BeCTHhiH Yl3 « qepHhiX

KBa~paTOB» (TaKHX ITOnOTeH y xy~O)I(HY!Ka

6hinO HeCKOnhKO), 11aneBH'I HaiTH Can Kap

THHy, 03arnasneHHYIO YIM <<qepHhiH KBa

~paT Y1 KpaCHhiH KBa~paT. )l(wBOITHCHhiH

peanw3M Manh'IHKa c paHl\eM - Kpacoq

Hhie Macchi B 'leTsepToM H3MepeHHH». Ha

XOnCTe Manh'IHKa pa3rn.H~eTh He TaK-TO

ITpoCTo: Ha 6enoM <PoHe KpacyiOTC.H nHUih

~Be ITpocThie reoMeTpwqecKwe <Pwryph!.

qYTh 6onhUie ITo~po6HocTeif coo6lllaeT

B CBOYIX BOCITOMHHaHH.HX EsreHH.fl Pa<Pa

HnOBYI'I, ITneM.HHHHl\a BTOpOH CyiTpym )I(YI

BOITYICI.\a. 0Ha paCCKa3hiBaeT 0 C03~aHHOH

B 1916 wnw 1917 ro~y 11anesw'leM pa6o

Te <<1fanh'IYIK AH~piOUia B cepoif UIHHenH

Yl KpaCHOH UiaiTO'IKe C qepHhiM paHl\eM

H~eT B fYIMHa3HIO»: Ha 3TOM XOnCTe B He

YI3MeHHO 6enoM ITpOCTpaHCTBe ITOMYIMO

qepHoro KBa~paTa ITapwnw cephiH ITp.HMO

yronhHHK Yl KpaCHhiH Kpyr.

110TYIB qepHOfO KBa~paTa xy~O)I(HYIK

ITpOHeC e~Ba nH He CKB03h BCIO )I(YI3Hh,

BITnOTh ~0 ITOCMepTHOfO <<Cy

ITpeMaTH'IeCKOfO capKo<Pa

ra». qepHhiH KBa~paT Hap.H~Y

c )l(enToif TpaiTel\Heif w 3ene

HhiM KpyroM MO)I(HO 06Hapy

)I(Y!Th ell\e Ha O~HOM ITOnOTHe

1915 ro~a. o3arnasneHHOM

«CyiTpeMaTH3M. )l(wBOITHCHhiH

peanH3M <PyT60nHCTa - Kpa

CO'IHhie MaCChi B 'leTBepTOM

H3MepeHHH>>. O~HaKo 3~ech

KBa~paT .HBHO HrpaeT pOnh He

ITOPT<Pen.H, a KaKyiO-TO ~pyry10. 3TO o6CTO.HTenhCTBO ITepeBO

pa'IHBaeT fYIITOTe3y 0 fYIMHa3H

CTe C HOf Ha ronosy Yl 3aCTaB

n.HeT 3a~aThC.fl rophKOBCKHM

soiTpocoM: a 6hin nw Manh'IHK?

0TBeT OKa3hiBaeTC.fl ITpOCThiM

Yl CnO)I(HhiM O~HOBpeMeHHO:

3TO He UIKOnhHhiH paHel\ Hasen

1faneBH'Ia Ha MhiCnh 0 qepHOM

KBa~paTe- COBCeM Hao6opOT,

paHel\ ITpespaTwnc.H B KBa

~paT, a 1.\eHTp <PYT60nhHOfO

ra3oHa - s 3eneHhiH Kpyr 6naro~ap.H HO

saTopcKoif )I(YIBOITYICHOH OIITHKe, pa3pa6o

TaHHOH xy~o)I(HHKOM. Pe'lh o ero rnaBHOM

H3o6peTeHHH - cyiTpeMaTH3Me.

,[(aTa pO)I(~eHH.fl 3TOfO xy~O)I(eCTBeH

HOfO HaiTpasneHH.fl ~0 CYIX ITOp OCTaeTC.fl

ITpe~MeToM ciTopos wcKyccTsose~os.

KTO-TO OTTanKHBaeTC.fl OT 1915-ro -

ro~a. Kor~a Ka3HMHp 11aneswq BhiCTaswn

CBOYI ITepBhie cyiTpeMaTH'IeCKHe pa60Thi

Ha ITeTep6yprCKOH asaHrap~HCTCKOH Bhi

CTaBKe <<0.10»: 39 XOnCTOB, Cpe~H KOTO

phiX Yl ITepBhiH Yl3 <<qepHhiX KBa~paTOB»,

B KaTanore HOCYIBUIYIH Ha3BaHHe <<qeThi

pexyronhHHK». ,[(pyrwe 6onee cKnOHHhi

~osep.HTh He cyxwM <PaKTaM, a MHeHHIO

133

~ DISCOVERY MCKYCCTBO

caMoro xy):lmKHI1Ka - Maneswi

fO):IOM pmK):IeHI1H cyrrpeMaTI13Ma

Ha3biBaJI 1913-M:o

Cl!o8o «cynpeMamu3M» Hecern 8 ce6e JlamuHcKuii KopeHb supremus - ttmo 3Hattum «Hau-8blCU1UU»o I1,el!Uo Komopble cma8UJ! poaoHattaJlbHUK H080ZO Memoaa 8 ucKyccm8e, maKJICe 6bwu zpaHauo3Hbl, noa cmamb Ha38aHUIOo

«CyrrpeMaTI13M eCTb qi1CTO )1(11-

BOIII1CHOe 11CKYCCTBO KpacoK, ca

MOCTOHTeJihHOCTb KOTOpOrO He

MO)I(eT 6b!Tb CBe):leHa K O):IHOMo

Eer JIOIIJa):ll1 MO)I(HO rrepe):laTb

O):IHOTOHHhiM KapaH):IaiiiOMo Ho

rrepe):laTb ):IBI1)1(eHI1e KpaCHbiX,

3eJieHhiX, CI1HI1X MaCC KapaH):IaiiiOM HeJib-

3Ho )1(11BOIII1CI.Ibl ):IOJI)I(Hbl 6pOCI1Tb CIO

)I(eT 11 Bell.ll1, eCJII1 XOTHT 6b!Tb qi1CTbiMI1

)1(11BOIII1CI.IaMI1>>, - Haiii1IIIeT Manes11q

s 1916 ro):ly, s TeopeTI1qecKOM MaH11cpe

CTe HOBOfO HarrpaBJieHI1H - CTaThe <<0T

Ky6113Ma 11 cpyTyp113Ma K cyrrpeMaTI13My>> o

X Y!:IO)I(HI1K rrpe):lrrp11HHJI rrorrhiTKY ocso6o

):111Th )1(11BOIII1Cb OT BCHKI1X OKOB cp11rypa

TI1BHOCTI1, 3aTeHJI IIO):IJII1HHYIO peBOJIIOI.II110

B 11CKYCCTBe, l.leJih KOTOpoif 6hiJia ropa3):10

MaCIIITa6Hee, qeM oqepe):IHOe c6pacbiBaHI1e

KJiaCCI1KOB C rrapOXO):Ia COBpeMeHHOCTI1o

Terrepb JI03YHfOM 6biJia IIOJIHaH 11 OKOH

qaTeJibHaH 3MaHCI1IIa1.111H I.IBeTao

ITepBhie orrhiThi s ::lTOM HarrpasneHI111

OH OCyll.leCTBI1JI 11MeHHO B 1913-M, IIOCJie):I

HeM fO):Iy 3aTI1IllbH rrepe):l 6ypeif M11pOBOM

soil:Hbi. BMecTe c KOMII0311TopoM-HOBaTo

poM M11xa11JIOM MaTIOIIII1HhiM 11 rro::~ToM

AneKceeM KpyqeHbiX xy):lo)I(HI1K rrp11-

CTYIII1JI K pa6oTe Ha):l orrepoM: «I1o6e):la

Ha):l COJIHI.IeM>>, KOTOpoif 6hiJIO CY)I():IeHO

cTaTh caMoil: rpoMKOM tPYTYPI1CT11qeCKoil:

rrpeMbepoif fO):Iao B OCHOBe JI116peTTO -

11CTOp11H 0 TOM, KaK 3KCIIe):II11.111H II03TOB-

6y):leTJIHH OTIIpaBI1JiaCb IIOKOpHTb COJIHI.Ieo

I1o6e):la Ha):l cseTI1JIOM - annerop11H 3aT

MeHI1Ho I1CIIOKOH BeKOB B ::lTOM He6eCHOM

HBJieHI111 Bl1):1eJII1 i:IYPHOe rrpe):I3HaMeHO

BaHI1e, BOJIIO He6ec, K KOTOpOM OIIaCHO

He IIp11CJIYIIIaTbCH; O):IHaKO B ::lTOM orrepe

3aTMeHI1e HaiiOJIHI1JIOCb HOBbiM CMbiCJIOMo

I1o6e):la Ha):l CoJIHI.IeM CI1MBOJII1311posana

rro6e):ly HOBOfO M11pa Ha):l CTapbiM, HayKI1


11 TeXHI1KI1 - Ha):l IIp11pO):IOM, TOp)l(eCTBO

CTI1XI111 TBopqecTBa Ha):l CTI1XI1eif xaocao

I1MeHHO pa60TaH Ha):l 3TI1MI1 ):leKopa1.111H

MI1, Ka311M11p Manes11q ocso11JI H3hiK rrpo

CThiX reoMeTp11qecKI1X cp11rypo Cpe):ll1 ero

Ha6pocKoB ecTb ::lCKI13 Cl.leHorpacp1111 IIHToil:

KapT11Hbl BTOpOrO ):leMCTBI1H, f):le IIOHBJIHeT

CH MOTI1B 3aTMeHI1H: OH Bbipa)l(eH IIp11 IIO

M011.1116eJIOfO KBa):lpaTa, BHYTPI1 KOToporo,

KaK s cKopnyrre HMI.Ia, cKphmaeTCH csoero

po):la <<KBa):lpaTHbiM 11Hb-HH» - KBa):lpaT,

pacceqeHHhiM ):111aroHaJibiO Ha qepHbiM

11 6eJibiM TpeyroJibHI1KI1o B ):laJibHeMIIII1X

3CKI13aX 11 Ha6pocKaX OH OCB060):111JICH

OT ::lTOfO BHyTpeHHero 6peMeHI1 - qTo6hi

CTaTb 3HaMeHI1TbiM << "lfepHbiM KBa):lpaTOM>> o

CTporo rosopH, «KBa):lpaT•> - He KBa

):lpaT sosce, a qeTbipexyroJibHI1Ko Ero He

paBHbie CTOpOHbl He CJiyqaifHhl, OHI1 o6ec

rreqi1Ba!OT I.IBeTOBOMY IIHTHY ):111HaMI1Ky,

3aCTaBJIHH ero rrap11Tb B 6eJIOM IIOJie XOJI

CTao «"lfepHbiM KBa):lpaT» 6biJI OTKpbiTI1eM

q11CTOfO Cyll.leCTBOBaHI1H I.IBeTa, 11 a6co

JIIOTHbiM I.IBeT (i:~JIH qepHOfO paBHbiM a6co

JIIOTHOMY OTCYTCTBI110 I.IBeTa) - rnaBHhiM

repoM: KapTI1Hhi. 0):1HaKo 11 cpopMa 3):1eCh

):laJieKo He cnyqaifHao

«I1,8em He aonycKaem 6e3zpaHU'IHOZO pacnpocmpaHeHUflo Ee3zpaHU'IHOe KpaCHoe MOJICHO mOJlbKO MblCJ!Umb UJ!U ayxo8HO C0-3epf1amb .. o Heu36eJICHOe 83aUMoomHoUJeHue cpopMbl u KpacKu npu8oaum HacK Ha6JlJOaeHUJO 803aeiicm8Wl cpopMbl Ha Kpacry», - nuCall apyzoii pyccKUU a8aHzapaucm, BaCUJ!UU KaHauHcKuiio Mal!e8utt peMU308aJl a6collJOm f18ema c noMOlf1bJO Hau6ol!ee npocmoii cpopMbl- MUMoxoaoM co8epmu8 u macmuttecKoe omKpbzmueo

EhiTh MO)I(eT, cpopMa ):la)l(e O):lep)l(aJia rro-

6e):ly Ha):l I.IBeTOM B )1(11BOIII1CI1 Manesl1-

qa - se):lb cyrrpeMaTJ1qecKaH cep11H 3a

sepiiiaeTcH TpeMH 3HaKOBbiMI1 pa6oTaMI1

1917-1918 fO):IOS: «EeJihiM KBa):lpaTOM>>,

«CyrrpeMaTI13MOM» 11 <<3ByKOBb!MI1 BOJI

HaM11», B KOTOpbiX HeT HI1KaKOfO I.IBeTa,

KpoMe 6eJioro. UBeT 6y,11To 6bi H3rHaH H3

HHX, HO cpopMa- HeH36e:>I<HaH paMKa XOJI

CTa - OCTaJiaCh.

K MOMeHTY C03,llaHHH rrepBOrO H3

<<KBa,llpaTOB'-> Ka3HMHPY MaJieBwry 6biJIO

TpH,llllaTb IIIeCTb. 3peJibiH '-!eJIOBeK, 3peJibiH

xy,liO)I(HHK - O,liHaKO BCe, '-ITO 6biJIO B ero

TBOp'-!eCKOH )l(fi3HH ,110 3TOfO (a K MOJib6ep

TY oH BrrepBbie rro,lloiiieJI B ceMHa,llllaTh),

OKa3aJIOCh ,liOJirHM H H3BHJIHCThiM rryTeM

yqeHH'-leCTBa. B cepe,liHHe 1900-x OH yB

JieKCH HMIIpeCCHOHH3MOM, II03)1(e OT,llaJI

,llaHb HapO,liHOMY .liYXOBH,ll'-!eCKOMY HC

KYCCTBY H 3KcrrpecmoHH3MY- a K Ha'-!a

JIY 1910-X CTaJI XY,liO)I(HHKOM-Ky6HCTOM.

C 3THM HarrpaBJieHHeM B HCKyCCTBe OH, KaK

H ,llpyrHe pyCCKHe Ky6HCThl, II03HaKOMHJI

CH 6Jiaro,llapH AJieKcaH,llpe 3KcTep. 5IpKaH

xy,liO)I(HHI..Ia, oHa C,lleJiaJiach rrepe,liOBhiM

KYJihTypTperepoM pycCKoro aBaHrap,lla -

oHa Y'-~HJiach )I(HBOIIHCH B rrapH)I(CKOH aKa

,lleMHH fpaH-lliOMbep, 3aBH3aJia ,llpy)l(6y

c fHHOMOM ArroJIJIHHepoM H ITa6Jio IlH

Kacco. 3aKOH'-!HB o6y'-!eHHe H BepHyB

IIIHCh Ha pO,liHHy, OHa )I(HJia TO B O,liHOM, TO

B ,11pyroM ropo,11e PoccHHCKOH HMrrepHH,

HO CHOBa H CHOBa B03BpaiJ.IaJiaCb Ha 6epera

CeHhi, BhiCTaBJIHJiach, o611.1aJiacb B xy,llo)l(e

CTBeHHhiX CaJIOHaX. Yl H3 Ka)l(,liOH IIOe3,liKH

OHa rrpHB03HJia CaMhie CBe)I(He HOBOCTH

H TpeH,llhl HCKyCCTBa, B,liOXHOBJIHH CBOHX

pyccKHX .liPY3ei1:- ,[(aBH,lla EypmoKa, MH

xaHJia JlapHoHoBa, HaTaJihJO foH'-!apoBy

H Ka3HMHpa MaJieBH'-la.

XyooJICecm6eHHblU noucK Mwze6u<ta 3auHmepeco6aJl papuHupo6aHHYIO 3Kcmep -yJICe 6 1915-M aHa npucoeouHUJWCb K ezo m60plfeCKOU zpynne «CynpeMyc'->, u cynpeMamu3M OKa3aJl KOJlOCCaJlbHOe 6JlU5lHUe Ha ee OaJlbHeiizuee m6op'tecm6o. A6pucbl cynpeMamulfecKux np5lMOY20JlbHUK06 MOJICHO yzaOamb U 6 pa3pa6omaHHblX e10 6 1924 zooy KOCmiOMax Ollfl nep6ozo co6emcKozo paHmacmulfecKozo 6JloK6acmepa - pUllbMa 5IKo6a IIpoma3aHo6a «A3lluma'->.

Ky6H3M Hay'-!HJI MaJieBH'-!a pa6oTe c cpop

MOH, a KOpHH ero KOJIOpHCTH'-leCKHX IIO

HCKOB KpO!OTCH B TBOp'-IeCTBe Ce3aHHa

H - IIIHpe - HMIIpeCCHOHH3Me. YlMeHHO

HMIIpeCCHOHHCThl rrepBbiMH rrepecTaJIH

CMeiiiHBaTb KpaCKH Ha rraJIHTpe H CTa

JIH HaHOCHTh fiX OT,lleJibHhiMH Ma3KaMH,

a B II03,liHeM HMIIpeCCHOHH3Me

KpaCKH B00611.1e MOfJIH HaHO

CHThCH OT,lleJihHO ,llpyr OT ,llpy

ra, He CMeiiiHBaHCh H Ha XOJICTe.

3TO CBH3aHO H C HOBOH cpHJIO

COcpHeH )l(f!BOIIHCH, H C TeM,

'-ITO KaK pa3 B 3TO BpeMH B Ila

pH)I(e IIOHBHJIHCh B IIpO,lla)l(e

MaCJIHHbie KpaCKH B TJ06HKaX,

a He B 6pHKeTaX IIHrMeHTa.

Ha 3TOH 6Jiaro,llaTHoi1: IIO'-!Be

B03HHKJia H )I(HBOIIHCh IlOJIH

Ce3aHHa, KOTOpbiH OTKa3aJICH

OT cpHKCal.IHH <<BIIe'-!aTJieHHH>>,

OT IIOIIhiTOK OTpa3HTh peaJib

HOCTh. Ce3aHHa HHTepeCOBaJIO

C03,llaHHe aHaJiora H3o6pa)l(a

eMoro Ha IIJIOCKOCTH - B He

KOTOpOM CMhiCJie OH B00611.1e

HH'-lero He H3o6pa)l(aJI, KpoMe

IIOCTOHHHOfOCJIOMaiipOCTpaH

CTBa, pa3pyrneHHH CBeTOTeHe

BhiX ycJIOBHOCTeH rrpHMOH rrep

crreKTHBhl. KapTHHhi Ce3aHHa

COBepiiieHHO He IIOXO)I(fl Ha

XOJICThl MaJieBH'-!a - O,liHaKO

HMeHHO B HHX CJie,llyeT HCKaTh

HCTOKH ero cyrrpeMaTH'-!eCKHX IIITY,liHH.

ECJIH eCTh HCTOK, TO ,liOJI)I(HO 6b!Th

H ycTbe. PeKa cyrrpeMaTH3Ma He rrepe

coxJia - ee Kpaco'-!Hhie )I(HBHTeJihHhie

BO,llhl IIpO,liOJI)I(f!JIH IIHTaTb HCKYCCTBO,

3aKOHOMepHO H3MeHHB ero pa3BHTHe.

AJieKcaH,llp Po,ll'-leHKO H JlJ060Bh Ilorro

Ba, 3Jih JlHCHliKHH H HaTaJihH foH'-la

poBa - BCe OHH Bh!IIIJIH H3 6ypHbiX BO,ll

cyrrpeMaTH3Ma. 0HH, COCTaBHBIIIHe l.IBeT

pyccKoro aBaHrap,lla, 3aCTaBHJIH HaKoHell

H 3aiia,liHhiX apT-KpHTHKOB BCephe3 3a

fOBOpHTh o pyccKOM HCKycCTBe. OTe'-le

CTBeHHhie aBaHrap,liHCThl HH'-!YTh He MeHee

ysa)l(aeMbl, '-!eM HTaJibHHCKHe cpyTypHCThl

YM6epTo Eo'-1'-!0HH H KapJio Kapa - HJIH

H,lleoJiorH IIIKOJihi <<Eayxayc>> BaJihTep

rporrHyc H JlaCJIO MoxoH:-Ha,llh. qepe3

HHX BJIHHHHe Ka3HMHpa MaJieBH'-!a pac

rrpoCTpaHHJIOCh H Ha 6y,llyiJ.IHe IIOKOJie

HHH XY,liO)I(Hf!KOB-HOBaTOpOB, a OT3BYKH

B,liOXHOBJieHHOH HM XY,liO)I(eCTBeHHOH

peBOJIIOI..IHH CTOJieTHeH ,llaBHOCTH ,liO CHX

IIOp pa3,llaJOTCH B qepTOrax HCKyCCTBa. C

135

DISCOVERY AC!H1WA

«6Y6HOBbiH TY3» l1CKYCCTBA

ranepeH <<,[(OM HamoKHHa>> OTKphmaeT

BhiCTaBKY ITpOH3Bet~eHHH xyt~O)I(HHKOB

TBOp'IeCKOfO 06betjHHeHHH <~Ey6HO

Bb!H Banen H3 co6paHHH My3eH-3aiTo

Bet~HHKa <~A6paMQeBo». EoJihiiiHHCTBO

H3 ITOLJTH COTHH KapTHH H rpa<l>HLJeCKHX

JIHCTOB HaLJaJia XX BeKa 6yt~eT ITpet~

CTaBJieHo B MocKBe BITepBhie. fJiaBHhiM

3KCITOHaTOM BhiCTaBKH CTaHeT MOHy

MeHTaJihHOe ITOJIOTHO IIeTpa KoHLJa

JIOBCKoro <~KyiTaHHe KpaCHoii KOH

HHllhi» H3 KOJIJieKQHH l(eHTpaJibHOfO

My3eH Boopy)l(eHHhiX CHJI. KapTHHa

6biJia co3t~aHa B 1928 rot~y H cTaJia

CBOeo6pa3HbiM HTOfOM <<6y6HOBO

BaJieTOBCKOf0>> ITepHOtja TBOp'IeCTBa

Bhit~aJOmerocH )I(HBOITHCI.Ia. B aBaH

rapt~HOM HcKyccTBe xyt~o)I(HHKOB,

BXOt\HIIIHX B o6mecTBO, COetjHHHJIHCb

3CTeTHKa HaHBHOfO TBOp'IeCTBa Ha

pOt\HhiX MaCTepOB H COBpeMeHHhie HM

tjOCTH)I(eHHH eBpOITeHCKOH )l(f!BOITHC

HOH KYJihTYPhi. HcrroJih3YH Hacnet~He

IIonH Ce3aHHa, OIThiT Ky6H3Ma H 3KC

ITpecCHOHH3Ma, OHH coet~HHHJIH BocToK

H 3aiTatj H ITO ITpaBy BOIIIJIH B HCTOpHIO

pyCCKOH )l(f!BOITHCH KaK MO!liHOe H He-

06biLJHOe xyt~o)l(eCTBeHHOe TeLJeHHe

HaLJaJia XX BeKa.

C 7 ~IOH51 no 30 ceHT516p51 , MocKsa, ranepe51 «AoM HalljOK~Ha»


nOBYWKA BPEMEHl1

Hrphi co BpeMeHeM

B KHHO - OITaCHaH

IIITyKa. He MHOfHM

pe)I(HccepaM yt~aBa

JIOCh C LJeCThJO Bh!HTH

H3XHTpOCITJieTeHHH

ITpOCTpaHCTBeHHO-Bpe

MeHHOfO KOHTHHyyMa.

0 CJO)I(eTe <~llJOt~eii

B LJepHOM3>> H3BeCTHO

JIHIIIb TO, 'ITO areHT

,[()!(eM ITpH ITOMOIIIH

CBOHX HapyLJHbiX LJaCOB

Hamilton Ventura XXL

coBepiiiaeT ITyTeiiie

CTBHe Ha 40 JieT Ha3atj,

'IT06hi CIIaCTH OT m6eJIH

areHTa KeH. OCTaeTCH

HatjeHTbCH, 'ITO aBTOpbl

ITpHITaCJIH pa3yMHOe

o6bHCHeHHeTOMy,ITo

LJeMy areHT Keii ITom6

B 1969 rot~y, eCJIH B t\BYX

ITpet~hit\YIIIHX <l>HJihMaX

OH 6biJI )!(fiB H 3tjOpOB.

C 24 Ma51 . PeJK~ccep: 6app~ 3oHHeH<j>enbA. B pon51x: Y~nn CM~r. ToMM~ Jl~ AlKOHC, AJKow 6pon~H

HAABYX KOnECAX

B HJOHe Ha TeppHTOpHH ciTopTHB

Horo QeHTpa <<EOpOBCKOH Kyp

raH » COCTOHTCH BTOpOH H TpeTHH

3TaiThl e)l(efOtjHOH BeJIOfOHKH

Merida Velogearance Cup. BTo

poii ::JTaiT 6yt~eT ITpet~cTaBJIHTh co-

6oii copeBHOBaHHH B tjHCQHITJIHHe

XCE (Kpocc-KaHTpH ::JJIHMHHa

Top) - CITpHHTepCKHH 3ae3tj ITO

Tpacce, ITPOJIO)I(eHHOH ITO ynHQaM

ITOCeJIKa qyJIKOBO, CO MHO)I(e

CTBOM ITOBOpOTOB H ITpeiTHTCTBHH.

TpeTHH ::JTaiT ITpoiit~eT B <PopMaTe

XCQ - OJIHMITHHCKOrO KpOCC

KaHTpH. Ero Tpacca paciTOJIO)I(eHa

Ha EopoBCKOM KypraHe.

23 ~ 24 ~IOH51 , MOCKOBCKa51 06naCTb, cjn LlyllKOBO, 20 KM no HOBOp513aHCKOMY wocce

BbiCT3BK3

KOMEAl1SI AEnb APTE B MOCKBE

Jaguar Summer Museum 2012 OTKphiBaeT HOBhiH Ce30H B CTO

JieiiiHHKOBOM ITepeyJIKe Bbi

CTaBKOH 0 TOM, KaK C03tjaBaJiaCh

KHHOJieHTa TeppH fHJIJIHaMa

<<l.l;enoe ceMeiicTBO>>, yt~oCTo

eHHaH ITpeMHH EBpoiTeiicKoii

KHHOaKatjeMHH 3a JIYLJIIIHH

KOpOTKOMeTpa)I(HbiH <l>HJibM.

3KCIT03HI.IHIO, ITOCBH!lleHHYJO

KHHOKapTHHe 0 CiOppeaJIHCTH'-1 -

HOM CHe TPYt~Horo ITOt~pocTKa,

ITOJIHOM repOeB KOMetjHH tjeJib

a pTe, ITpet~cTaBHT caM pe)I(Hccep.

C 28 Ma51 no 17 ~101151 , MOCKBa, CronewH~KOB nepeynoK

KA>KAbiVI HOMEPCnEKTAKflb

<<KI1HOMAHIUI. band» - .HpKoe

MY3biKaJibHoe IIIoy Ha Cl\eHe ,!lpaMaTw

qecKoro TeaTpa. CITeKTaKJih po,!IHJIC.H

H3 3K3aMeHa B P ATI1: HeCKOJihKO JieT

Ha3a,!l TOr,!la el'-le cTy,!leHThi, a TeiTepb

MOJIO,!Ihie apTHCThi TeaTpa Ha MaJioli

EpoHHOrr o6Hapy)I(HJIYI, qTo Ka)l(,!lbiH

YI3 HYIX He TOJibKO ITOeT YI TaH'-\yeT, HO

YI B COBepiiieHCTBe BJia):leeT KaKHM-HYI-

6y):lb MY3biKaJibHbiM HHCTpyMeHTOM.

nSITb nPMliMH

CITeKTaKJih <<CMeiiiaHHhie qys

CTBa>> ITOCTaBJieH ITO ITbeCe aMepH

KaHCKOfO ,!lpaMaTypra PHqap,11a

Ea3pa. fepMaH, O,!IHHOKHH My)l(

qwHa ITpeKJIOHHbiX JieT, ITpllXO,!IYIT

K CBOell ,!laBHell3HaKOMOll, )l(eHe

ITOKOHHOfO ,11pyra, qT06bi C,!leJiaTb

err HeO)I(ll,!laHHOe ITpe,!IJIO)I(eHM:e

pyKH w cep,!ll\a. Ha To, qTo6hi

ITPH3HaThC.H KpHCTHHe B mo6BH,

y fepMaHa eCTb KaK MllHYIMYM

IT.HTb ITpwqwH. IIpocTorr CJO)I(eT

B YICITOJIHeHllll BeJIY!KOJieiTHOfO

.!IY3Ta I1HHbl qypHKOBOll Yl feH

Ha,!lll.H Xa3aHoBa HrpaeT IIIHpo

Korr raMMOll KpaCOK, Y1 3pHTeJIH,

KaK ll repaY!, TaK)I(e YICIIb!TbiBaJOT

CMeiiiaHHbie qyscTBa: TO ITO,!I

CTyiTaeT KOMOK K ropJiy, TO CJie3bl

TeKYT Yl3 fJia3 OT CMeXa.

26 ~IOHSI , MocKBa, Tearp AHTOHa LJexosa Ha cue He Tearpa JcrpaAbl. PeJK~ccep : neoH~A TpywK~H.

B rnaBHbiX ponSlx: reHHaA~~ Xa3aHOB ~ V1HHa LJyp~KOBa

TeaTp

ABA AHTAfOHMCTA

<<IllerrJIOK>> - TeaTpaJib

Hoe coqwHeHHe ITO IlleK

CITHPY B )l(aHpe KOMe,!IHH.

B crreKTaKJie HeT ITOqTH

Hllqero Tpa,!IYI'-\YIOHHOfO:

):leHCTBlle 113 eJIH3aBe

TYIHCKOll3ITOXYI ITepeHO

CYITC.H B COBpeMeHHOCTb

Pe)l(wccep Ceprerr foJioMa3oB o6'h

e,!IHHYIJI O,!IHOH Y!,!leerr CTy,!leHqeCKY!e

YIMITpOBY!3al\YIYI, YI ITOITymipHbie XY!Tbl

ITpoiiiJibiX JieT 3a3syqaJIH B HeO)I(YI,!IaH

HbiX COBpeMeHHbiX apaH)I(Y!pOBKaX Ha

IIIeCTYI .H3hiKax. Ka)l(,!lhiH HOMep - OT

,!IeJihHhiH MaJieHhKY!ll CITeKTaKJib.

3 ~IOHSI , MocKBa, Tearp Ha Mana~ 6poHHO~. PelK~Ccepbl: Cepre~ ronoMa30B, A~Aa Xopowesa. 6anerMe~crep : V1p~Ha Kawy6a. B ponSlx: EKarep~Ha ,D,y6aK~Ha , ,IJ,M~TP~~

BapwascK~~. V1saH MaKapeswl

co sceMH ee ITpo6JieMaMH

YI 60JibHbiMYI BOITpOCaMYI.

IIIerrJioKa - espe.H-po

CTOBI'-\HKa, KOTOpblll

B KaqeCTBe ITJiaTbl 3a

ITpocpoqeHHbiH BeKceJib

Tpe6yeT cpyHT qeJIOBe

qeCKOfO M.HCa, - wrpaeT

AJieKcaH,!Ip KaJI.HrYIH,

a pOJib 6JiaropO,!IHOfO

seHel\HaHcKoro KYIT'-Ia

AHTOHYIO YICITOJIH.HeT

BHKTOP Bep)I(6Hl\KHH. I1x

repoH - aHTaroHHCTbi

BO BCeM: B peJillfllll, B Mll

pOB033peHYill, B Bbi6ope

.!IYXOBHbiX l\eHHOCTell.

23, 29 ~IOHSI , MocKsa, Tearp EtCetera. PeJK~ccep: Po6epr Crypya. B rnaBHbiX ponSlx: AneKcaHAP KanSlr~H ~ B~KTop BeplK6~UK~~

CBOEVI AOPOrOVI

B cTpeMJieHHH pac-

KpbiTb ITpHCYI'-\YIO TeaTpy

3MO'-\YIOHaJibHYJO .Hp

KOCTb aBTOpbl MJ03llKJia

«,lJ;OpOrYI, KOTOpbie HaC

Bbi6Hpa!OT» o6paTHJillCb

K YICTOpll.HM O.feHpll,

CB.H3aB wx o61'-\YIM pwTMOM

6oJihiiioro ropo,11a. B oc

HOBY CJO)I(eTa JierJIH TPH

paccKa3a - << IlocJie,!IHHrr

2 ~IOHSI , MOCKBa, Tearp car~pbl.

JIHCT»,«PyccKweco6oJI.H»

11 <<<l>apaoH 11 xopaJI>> .

IIepecppa3Hpy.H pyccKoro

cospeMeHHHKa O.feHpw

AHTOHa qexosa, 0 MJ03Y!

KJie MO)I(HO CKa3aTb, qTQ

3,!\ech ITepcoHa)I(H paciTe

BaJOT ITeCeHKll, ,!IBH)I(YTC.H

qepe3 ITbecy Ha KpbiJih.HX

MeJIO,!IllYI ll B pHTMe TaH'-\a,

a B 3TO BpeM.H CKJia):lbiBa

JOTC.H Y!Jill pa3pyiiiaJOTC.H

YIX CY.!Ih6bi. B ITOYICKaX

csoero <<pa.H» Ka)l(,!lbiH

YI,!IeT CBOerr ,!IOpOrOH.

PeJK~ccep : Banep~~ Apx~nOB . B ponSlx: AHacrac~Sl M~K~WOBa, lOp~~ H~<jJOHTOB, nasen M~ca~nOB, EsreH~Sl CB~P~AOBa , V1ropb naryr~H' Oner Kacc~H

137

nocnEAH~E i§aiQ] A!leKCaHAP nOTOL\KI-1171 KOTEK~ A6opwreHbi, )I<YIByw;we B caMOM cep.n;u;e ocTposa Hosa.H fBYIHe.H, ew;e rroJIBeKa Ha3a.n; He 3HaJIYI opy.n;wH

6oJiee 3¢¢eKTYIBHOfO, qeM KaMeHHbiH TOIIOp. CerO,ll;HH rrarryaCbl OKa3aJIYICb Ha o6oqwHe U:YIBYIJIYI3a

U:YIYI - Yl 3TO, KaK rrpaBYIJIO, He .n;eJiaeT YIX .n;o6pee. llyTeiiieCTBOBaTb ITO YIH,ll;OHe3YIHCKOH rrpOBYIHI.l;YIYI

IJarrya rropoif Yl BOBCe OIIaCHO: a6opwreHbl qacTO BYI,ll;HT B Te6e IIIIIYIOHa BJiaCTeif, C KOTOpbiMYI y HYIX

CJIO)I(YIJIYICb HeiipOCTbie OTHOIIIeHYIH.

fyCToll TyMaH OKYThiBaeT 3eJieHhie Bep

nnmhi rop, rropocnm:x .1\HKHM ,1(0)1(.1\eBhiM

JieCOM. qeTbipe 3a6pb13faHHhiX rp513h!O

rpy30BHKa cne,l\yJOT .1\pyr 3a .1\pyroM no

pa36HTOH .1\0pore. Haw rryTh Jie)I(HT B 3a

Tep51HHYJO B A)I(YHfJI51X ,1\0JIHHY ,/J;yMa,l\aMa.

C HoBOH fBHHeeH CB513hiBaJOT MHO)I(eCTBO

HCTOpHH 0 ,1\HKHX ITJieMeHaX KaHHH6aJIOB,

138 DISCOVERY YIJOHh 2012

l1 H,l\e51 pa3BeH'IaTh 3TH MHhi, ITOITaCTh

Ty,l\a, f,l\e Hll I10Jilll\l151, Hll apMI151, HHHH

,l\OHe3HHCKOe rrpaBH.TeJihCTBO He HMeJOT

HHKaKOH BJiaCTH, Ky,l\a He Be,l\yT ,1\0pOrH

H He neTaJOT caMoJieThi, He ,l(aBaJia MHe

rroKo.H y)l(e ,1\aBHO. H BOT HaKoHeQH3 pac

rroJio)l(eHHoro Ha rro6epe)l(he ropo,l\a Ha-

6Hpe Mhl e,l(eM B rny6h OCTpOBa.

BAOJih o6o'IHHhi BepeHHQell rrneTyT

c.H 6ocoHome MY)I('IHHhi H )l(eHIQHHhi,

CTapHKH H ,1\eTH. Ha HHX rrOTperraHHa.H,

pBaHa.H O,l(e)l(,l(a, Ha HeKOTOphiX MY)I('IH

Hax HeT HH'Iero, KpOMe KOTeKH. KoJIOHHa

o6rOH51eT ITYTHHKOB, o6JIHBa51HX rp513h!O.

CTapHKH, KaK rrpaBHJIO, BHHMaHH51 Ha HaC

He o6pall\a!OT, HO MOJIO,l(e)l(h, YTOMJieHHa51

,l1JIHTeJibHhiM rrepexo,11oM, e,11Ba He 6poca

eTcH IT0,/1 KOJieca 11 rrpOCHT, HeT - Tpe6yeT

rro,l1Be3TH , rreperopmKHBaH ,11opory. OHH

HaCTpOeHhl COBCeM He .l1py)l{eJII06HO. Bo

,l111TeJib BCTyrraeT C <<6yHTOB~HKaMI11> B rre

perOBOpbl, 11 qepe3 ITHTh MHHYT rrarryacbi

pacxo,l1HTCH. Mbi rrpo,110JI)I(aeM rryTh.

B BH,l10HCKaTeJih Moero cpoToarrrrapaTa

rrorra,11aeT 'IyMa3aH ,11eBO'IKa neT TPHHa,/11..\a

TH. 3aJIHITaHHaH rpH3biO 106Ka 'IYTh HH)I{e

KOJieH, cpHOJieTOBaH cpyT60JIKa B KOITOTH,

BOJIOCbl TOp'IaT B pa3Hble CTOpOHbl, a Ha

crrHHe 6onTaeTCH orpoMHhn1 6ayn. ,ll;e

BO'IKa 3aMe'IaeT Hal\eJieHHhiH Ha Hee o6b

eKTHB. HeBHHHaH ynhi6Ka Ha ,11eTCKOM JIHl\e

CMeHHeTCH Bbipa)l{eHHeM y)l{aCa. «T11,11aK

May!1> (<<He XO'Iy!>> ITO-HH,l10He311HCK11) -

KpH'IHT OHa 11 6e)I{HT rrpO'Ih .. .

UXHPABhl A6opHreHbl OCTaJIHCb JIHIIIb BH,l1eHHeM, KO

TOpoe ITOfJIOTHJI rycTOH yTpeHHHH TyMaH.

0HH - Te, KTO 3aCTpHJI Me)l{,l1y KaMeHHbiM

BeKOM 11 COBpeMeHHOH l\11BI1JII13al\Heif, -

11.l1YT Ty,11a, r,11e e~e XOTb KaK-TO COXpaHH

JiaCb rrpHBhi'IHaH HM cpe,11a o6HTaHHH. Ta

KHX Oa311COB Tpa,l111l\110HHOH rrarryacCKOH

)I{J13HI1 Ha KapTe 11H,l10He3HHCKOH ITOJIOBH

Hbl OCTpOBa HOBaH fBHHeH CTaHOBHTCH BCe

AOCbE DISCOVERY

KOTEKA - <jJannOKPVInT,

<jJyTI15lp Ha neHVIC, KOTOpblfi

TpaAVIL\VIOHHO HOCSH a60pVIreHbl

OCTposa Hosa5l iBVIHe5l. KaK

npaBVIIlO , Vl3rOTaBilVIBaeTC5l Vl3

BbiCyWeHHOfi TbiKBbi-Kalla6aca,

Ha MeCTHOM 5l3b1Ke Ha3biBaeMOfi

« rocaraya». KoTeKa , sonpeKVI

pacnpOCTpaHeHHOMY MHeHVIIO ,

He VI MeeT HVIKaKorO CVIMBOilVIYe

CKOrO 3 HaYeHVI5l VI He 5lBil5leTC5l

noKa3aTeneM COLIVIallbHoro

cTaTyca ee snaAeflbl\a. TaKofi

<jJyTI15lp MO)I(eT npOCilY)I(VITb

X035lVIHY 10-20 JleT. ,[I,Il5l Oco6o

Ba)I(HbiX CilyYaeB y MHOrVIX

nanyacosecTbcnel.IVIallbH~e

KOTeKVI , yKpaweHHble pocnVICbiO

VIIlVI nepb5lMVI pafiCKVIX nTVIL\.

MeHbiiie. CerO,l1HH ITOCJie,l1HI1X HOCHTeJieif

KOTeK crracaeT JIHIIIh penbecp ocTpoBa -

BbiCOKHe ropbl C HerrpOXO,l111MbiM JieCOM.

Ho l\HBHJIH3al\HH crroco6Ha rrpoJIO)I{HTh

accpanbTHpoBaHHYJO ,11opory ,11a)l{e Ty,11a.

,/J;JIH ::nora eil: HY)I{HO JIHIIIh BpeMH.

Me'IeTb, ,l1Be 1..\epKBH, rroJIHl\eifcKHif

y'IaCTOK, BOHHCKaH 'IaCTb, a3pOIIOpT, pbl

HOK, HeCKOJihKO YJIHl\ 11 MHO)I{eCTBO MeJI

KHX Mara3HH'II1KOB, HH O,l111H 113 KOTOpbiX

He rrpHHa,l1Jie)I(HT a6opHreHaM, - TaK

BhirJIH,l1HT YIOTHhiH ropo,11oK 3HapoTaJIH,

r,11e COl\HaJihHaH HarrpH)I{eHHOCTb Me)l{,l1y

HH,l10He3HHl\aMH 11 rrarryacaMH O,l1Ha 113

CaMbiX B3pbiBOOITaCHbiX B CTpaHe.

IIepBbte J/Cuaym no 3aKOI-taM zocy3apcmaa, amopbte - no 3aKoHy lllteMeHu. Y nanyacoa 3eiicmayem npUMUmUBHblU o6wtaii - 3y6 3a 3y6. H!lU CMepmb 3a CMepmb, KaK OHU zo-80p51m CaMU. B zopoae acezaa HecnoKOUHO.

I1oJI,l1eHh, HaKparrhiBaeT cna6hiH ,110)1{,1111K,

OT'Iero CTaHOBHTCH 3H6KO. Mbl, ITOXO)I{e,

ITOITaJIH B 3aTpy,11HHTeJibHYIO CHTyal.\1110.

139

00 DISCOVERY PEnOPTAJK

1. BHEWHVI>i BVI.O TVInVIYHOrO nAnYAC

CKOro >KVInVIll\A B .OYMA.QAME

2. PVITYAnbHbl>i TAHEL\ MO>KET CnY>KVITb

nPV1 3biBOM K BO>iHE

3. nocnE CO BETA B oVIoVI.OE YYACTHVIKVI

,oonro HE PACXO,OVInVICb

He~OBOflbH3H TORIT3 rrarryacoB CTOMT

y Mara3MWIMK3, KOTOpb!H rrpHHa~ne

)J{MT ceMbe c oCTpoBa CynaBecM, M rrepe

KphiBaeT BCe rryTM K OTCTyrrneHMIO. OHM

3~eCb ~nH TOro, 'IT06bi BepiUHTb rrpaBO

cy~Me. Ene~Hb!H BO~MTenb ITMK3IT3 - 33

HMM M rrpHIURM B 3TOT 'I3C - rrpH'IeTCH

33 CITMHOH CBOero 6paTa. I1033~M HMX

CTOMM Mbl - ~BOe pyccKMX, KOTOpbie He

ITOHMM310T, 'ITO rrpOHCXO~MT. Mbl MO)J{eM

TOflbKO ~ora~hiB3TbCH.

HaKaHyHe H0%10 B rrocenKe MoHM

MaHe B H3lll IIMK3II H3 XO~y IIbiT3RCH 33-

IIpblrHYTb O~MH M3 we~IUMX B~Oflb ~opo

rM rrarryacoB. IlorrhiTKa 6bma Hey~a'!Holi:

<<IIphiryH>> He y~ep)J{ancH B KY30Be M rpox

HyncH Ha ac¢anhT. Mbi MornM nMWh Ha~e

HThCH, 'ITO OH OCT3RCH )J{MB, T3K K3K BO~M

Tenb M rna3oM He Mopmyn - He c6aBnHH

CKOpOCTM, Mbl CKpbinMCb 33 ITOBOpOTOM.

3KCTpeMan OK333RCH )J{MB - CROMan

rrpH rra~eHMM rrne'Io M pyKy, rrony'IMn

COTpHCeHMe M03ra. Ha Ta6ypeTKe CM~MT era rrpHHTenh M 'ITO-TO 6opMO'IeT ce6e

ITO~ HOC, OTBe'!aH Ha BOIIpOCbl. 0H CBM~e

Tenh - He B Hawy IIOflh3y. HeCMOTpH Ha

HaKan CTpacTeli, ToproBnH B Mara3MHe He

rrpeKpalllaeTCH: 'IneHbi ceMbM OTrrycKaiOT


TOB3pbl rrpOTMCHYBWMMCH CKB03h TOn

rry KnMeHT3M. Ilo~ BM~OM IIOKyrraTenH

K H3M rrpo6Hp3eTCH MORO~OH MH~OHe3M

el..l - OH ITORMI..\eMCKMM B IUT3TCKOM. Era

30BYT PM<lJKa, M OH BCTyrraeT B C rrarryaca

MM B rreperoBophi. Hawero He3aBM~Horo

IIOflO)J{eHMH 3TO He MeHHeT. Mbl BMHOBHbl

B cny'IMBIUeMCH, C'IMT310T a6opHreHbl.

O~MH M3 HMX pa3orpeBaeT TOnrry rrpoBoKa-

1..\MOHHhiMM rrpH3biB3MM, IIpH'IeM ~enaeT

3TO Ha CBOeM ~ManeKTe, KOTOpOrO MH~O

He3MHI..\bl B 6onblllMHCTBe He IIOHMM310T.

- Ha~o yxo~MTh, - roBopHT HaM PM¢

Ka IIO-aHrnMHCKM,- H Bb!BO)J{y BO~MTenH,

a Bhi cne~ytiTe 33 MHOH.

Ho 3aMbicny He cy)J{~eHo peanM3o

BaThCH: rrarryaChl CTOHT HeiipOXO~MMOH

CTeHOH. PM¢Ka peTHpyeTCH B Mara3MH,

~OCTaeT M06MnhHbiH M KOMy-TO 3BOHMT.

- IlpH~eTCH Bbi3B3Tb IIO~~ep)J{Ky, -

rrpoH3HOCMT oH crroKOHHhiM ronocoM.

Ilo~KperrneHMe He 3acTaBnHeT ce6H

)!{~3Th. Ha rpy3oBMKe rrpHe3)J{aeT rronM

I..IeHcKMH crrei..IH33. B pyKax 60HI..\OB - ~y-

611HKI111 aBTOMaThi KaJiaiiiHI1KOBa. ToJiny

pa3rOHJUOT 3a cqi1TaHhie ceKyH~hi 11 yso-

3JIT HaC B yqaCTOK.

BeqepoM crreQHa30BQhi cMoTpJIT noTe

JieBI13opy <j.lyT6oJI. Kp11qaT, nepe)J{I1BaiOT,

se~h 11rpaeT «<lepCHnypa>> - 11x JII0611MaJI

KOMaH~a 113 ,/J;)J{aJinyphi. H11KTO He Bhmy

CKaeT aBTOMaTOB 113 pyK.

- qTO 6y~eT C BO~I1TeJieM?- 11HTepe

cyiOCh JI y P11<j.JK11.

- Mhi o6ecneq11M eMy 3all.II1Ty. Yse3eM

B 6e3onaCHoe MeCTO, TeM 6oJiee OH np11xo

~I1TCJI ~JI~eH: MoeH: ~esyiiiKe, - YJihi6aeTcJI

nOJI11QeHCKI1H 11 KaK 6hi Me)J{~y ~eJIOM 11H

TepecyeTcJI: - CTpaiiiHO 6hiJio?

- BpeMeHaMI1, - OTseqaJO JI qecTHO.

BOJihiiiOH COBET B 15 M11HyTaX e3~hl OT 3HapOTaJII1 Ha

XO~I1TCJl ~epeBHJI E11611~a. r~e )J{I1BYT

TOJihKO nanyachi. MecTHhie cMoTpJIT Ha

Te6JI KaK Ha He3BaHoro rocTJI. TaK npo11c

xo~I1T, KOr~a BTOpraeiiihCJl B qy)J{OH M11p,

npaBI1JI KOTOpOrO He 3Haeiiih. 113 E11611-

~hl, eCJII1 nOBe3eT, MO)J{HO OTnpaBI1ThCJl

B ~pyr11e, eme 6oJiee 3K30TI1qecKI1e na

nyaccKI1e ceJieHI1JI.

B~OJih rpyHTOBOH ~opor11 CTOJIT Mpaq

Hhie ~epeBJIHHhie ~OMa, KOTOphie BeChMa

COOTBeTCTBYIOT neH3a)J{y - TeMHOe He6o

He nponycKaeT coJIHQa, 11 Haqi1HaiOil.II1H

y)J{e Ha~oe~aTh ~O)J{~11K opoiiiaeT 11 6e3

TOfO BJia)J{HYIO 3eMJIIO. IlanyaChl pa6o

TaiOT Ha CBOI1X oropo~ax. KaK npaBI1JIO,

OHI1 Bh!pall.II1BaiOT 6aTaT - CJia~KI1H Kap

TO<j.leJih, CJiy)J{all.II1H OCHOBHOH n11meil

3~eiiiHI1M )J{I1TeJIJIM He O~HY COTHIO JieT.

06bJ~eHHOCTh ~HJl HapyiiiaeT np11-

6JII1)J{a!Oil.II1HCJl xop fOJIOCOB, 3Byqallii1X

p11TMI1qHo. HecKOJihKO ~ecJITKOB na

nyacos, CJIOBHO oTpJI~ coJI~aT, TpycQoil

npo6eraiOT no YJI11Qe. ToJihKO BMeCTO

aBTOMaTOB - JIYKI111 CTpeJihl, BMeCTO cpy

pa)J{eK - np11qy~JII1Bh!e IIIanKI1, BMeCTO

cpopMhi - pa3o~paHHaJI o~e)J{~a. 1I1111a

pa3yKpaiiieHhl, B HOChl BOTKHYThl pa3-

JII1qHhie npe~MeThl - OT nJiaCTMaCCOBOH

Tpy6oqKI1 ~0 KJIIOBa paHCKOH 11TI1l.lhl,

nOXO)J{efO Ha KOfOTh. llianKI1 yseHqaHhl

nephJIMI1 Ka3yapa 11JII1 KJihiKOM Ka6aHa.

Boi1Hhi co611pa10TCJI Ha rJiaBHOH <<nJio

ma~l1>> E11611~hi 1111crroJIHJIIOT TaHeQ. 0HI1

opyT, 6eraiOT no Kpyry, TPJICYT opy)J{I1eM

11 MeCJIT rp513h no~ HOraMI1. 3TO He npe~

CTaBJieHI1e ~JIJI TYPI1CTOB - 11x 3~ech He

6hiBaeT. 3TO HaCTOJlll.ll1ll p11TyaJI, KOTO

pb!H nposo~I1TCJI nepe~ HaqaJioM BOHHhi

11JII1 nOXO~OM Ha Bpa)J{~e6HOe nJieMJI. 0~

HaKO cerO~HJl Ha nOBeCTKe ~HJl He TOJihKO

soi!Ha, HO 11 Mhi- ~soe nyTeiiieCTBeHHI1-

KOB 113 ~aJieKoil Pocc1111.

B IIIaTpe Ha roJioil 3eMJie CH~JITnanyachi.

Opy)J{11e CJIO)J{eHo. B QeHTpe ~sa orpoMHhiX

KOTeJIKa C p11COM 11 Ta311K BapeHOH ThiKBhl.

BcTaeT BO)J{~h AHy~opo, 11 ero KOTeKa

ycTpeMJIJieTcJI K noTOJIKy. Eopo~aThiH,

KpenKI1H, HO ~o6po~yiiiHhiH 11 He60JihiiiOfO

pOCTa, OH np0113HOCI1T pe%, npOHI13aHHYIO

3MOQI1JlMI111 HaM COBepiiieHO HenOHJlTHyiO.

Ho no~ 3aHasec AHy~opo HeO)J{I1~aHHO

fOBOp11T «AMI1Hh>>, 11 ero no~~ep)J{11BaeT

xop roJiocos. Bo)J{~h ca~I1TCJI o6paTHo Ha

3eMJIIO, YJihi6aeTcJI MHe, ~ocTaeT JIO)J{KY 113

BJI3aHoi1 cyMKI1. B IIIaTpe Haqi1HaiOT nepe

~aBaTh TapeJIKI1 C e~OH, 11 Mhl, KaK fOCTI1,

noJiyqaeM cso10 nop1111IO nepBhiMI1. BoilHa

BOHHOH, a o6e~ no pacrr11caH1110.

ITo oKoHqaHI111 Tpane3hi co6paBIIII1ecJI

Haqi1HaiOT crrop11Th, o6cy)J{~aJI Haiii noxo~

B nanyaccKI1e ceJieHI1JI. K AHy~opo np11co

e~I1HJieTCJI PoMap11o - o~I1H 113 aKT11BI1-

CTOB ~BI1)J{eHI1Jl 3a He3aBI1CI1MOCTh Ilanya

OT 11H~OHe31111. B OTJI11q11e OT BO)J{~Jl, OH

HOCI1T <<06hJqHyiO>> O~e)J{~y. nOJih3yeTCJl

M0611JihHI1KOM 11 fOBOp11T no-aHfJII1HCKI1.

«CTapeHIIII1Hhl )J{eJiaiOT 3HaTh, 3aqeM Bhl

HanpaBJIJieTeCh B ,/J;yMa~aMy?» - PoMa

p11o, BhiCTynaiOil.II1H B poJII1 nepeso~q11Ka,

6ypaBI1T Hac rJia3aMI1 ToqHo TaK )J{e, KaK

BO~Hbl ~3 6~6~tlbl: 60nbW~HCTBO ~X Y>KE OTKA3AJlOCb OT HAl.l~OHAJlbHOVi OtlE>Ktlbl,

HO CO CBO~M OPY>K~EM OH~ HE PACCTAIOTCI'l no•-n~ H~KOil)A

141

I HAW nPOBO.[\HI-1K .Q)I(EHCOH (CnEBA) OT.[\biXAET nOCnE nEPEXO.[\A. P~.[\OM CHI-1M

)I(I-1TEni-1.QYMA.[\AMbl , KOTOPbiE BI-1.[\~T rQCTE~ 1-13 POCCI-11-1 nEPBbl~ PA3 B)I(I-13HI-1

l1 BCe IIpi1Cj'TCTBYIO!lll1e. JIJ060IIh!TCTBO rra

rryacoB IIOHHTHO. C 70-X fO~OB 3~eCh ~eH

CTByeT rroBcTaHqecKaH rpyrrrra Organisasi

Papua Merdeka, ~o6HB3IO!li3HCH He3aBH

Cl1MOCTl1 IIarrya. OpraHH33lll1H rrOJih3yeTCH

IIO~~ep)I(KOH MeCTHOfO H3CeJieHl1H, l1 B ~e

peBHHX, Ky~a Mhi ~ep)I(HM rryTh, KaK roBo

pHT, CKphiB310TCH ee 3KTl1Bl1CThl.

TpH qaca Mhi TllleTHO IIhiTaeMcH ~aKa-

33Th, qTQ He HBJ!HeMCH IIIIII10H3Ml1. IJarrya

Chi KpHqaT, ~a)l(e pyraJOTCH ~pyr c ~pyroM,

pa3M3Xl1B3JOT pyKaMHH rpo3HO rrpHTOIIhi

BaJOT HOf3Ml1. B IIhiJIY o6cy)l(~eHl1H KTO-TO,

He COfJ!3CHh!H C MHeHHeM 60J!hllil1HCTB3,

~eMOHCTp3Tl1BHO IIOKl1~3eT Xl1)1(l1Hy.

BHe3arrHo IIIYM rrpeKpa!llaeTcH. CTa

pei1IIIHHhi BhiHecJIH peiiieHHe. PoMapHo

fOBOpi1T, qTQ H3M B COIIpOBQ)I(~eHl1l1 ~BYX

Ha~e)I(Hh!X J!JO~eH II03BOJieHO IIOCeTHTh

,[(yMa~aMy, l1 TYT )l(e rrpe~yrrpe)l(~aeT:

eCJ!l1 y HaC eCTh CKph!Th!e MOTI1Bhl, TO Jiyq

IIIe cpa3y yexaTh o6paTHO B 3HapoTaJIH.

B rrpoTHBHOM cJiyqae OH He MO)I(eT rapaH

THpoBaTh H3IIIY 6e30II3CHOCTh.

3ATEPHHHhiU MUP PaccTOHHHe l13 EH6H~hi~o ,[(yMa~aMhi rra

rryachi MoryT rrpeo~oJieTh 3a cyTKH. 3~ech

HeT Hl1K3Kl1X ~opor, JIHIIIh HeKoe rro~o-

6He JieCHhiX Tporr. qepe3 rrapy qacoB rryTH

H IIOHI1M310, qTQ Bhi~OXCH, Cl1J! 60Jihiiie He

ocTaJioch. Ha~o oT~aTh ~OJI)I(Hoe rrpoBo~

HHKaM. Bl1~H, qTQ HaM TH)I(eJIO l1 <l>I13l1-


qeCKl1, l1 MOp3JihHO, OHI1 CTapa!OTCH H3C

rro~~ep)I(3Th. Ha HoqJier ocTaHaBJIHBaeM

CH B K3KOH-TO IIe!llepe. 5I cy~opO)I(HQ Ha

ql1H310 Bh!CBeql1B3Th <l>oHapHKOM TeMHhie

yrJihl B IIOI1CK3X H~OBI1Th!X 3MeH. Ho rra

rryaChl fOBOpHT, qTQ l13-33 BhiCOThl 3~eCh

HeT orracHhiX )l(l1BOTHhiX. Mo)l(eT rroHBHTh

CH Ka3yap l1J!l1 ~l1K3H CBl1HhH, HO eCJ!l1 He

Jie3Th Ha pO)I(QH, TO BCe 6y~eT XOpOIIIO.

IIoKa rrpoBo~HHKH pa3BO~HT KOCTep

l1 )1(3pHT H3 HeM IIO~CTpeJieHHhiX pai1:

CKI1X IITI1ll, H l13yqaJO pi1CYHKl1 Ha CTeHaX,

c~eJiaHHhie o6hJqHhiM yroJihKOM. rophi

l1 caMoJieT. Ey~To pe6eHOK pHCOBaJI, HO

B K3pTI1HKY 33J!O)I(eH rJiy60Kl1H CMh!CJ!. qTO

rro~yMaJIH rrarryachi, Kor~a BrrepBhie YBH~e

JIH B He6e <<)l(eJie3HYJO IITl1liY~? YBhl, Hel13-

BeCTHhiH xy~O)I(Hl1K He l1306pa3l1J! 3TOfO.

Ho OH IIOK333J! C3MOe fJ!3BHOe, Cl1MBOJ!

IIOKOJieHHH - He IIpOCTO C3MOJieT l1 rophl,

a rro6e~y l.ll1Bl1JII13al.ll1l1 «6eJioro qeJioBe

Ka~ H3~ 33TepHHHh!M MI1pOM a6opHreHOB.

Ha mpemuii oeHb nymu nepeo HaMu npeocmaem eocxumumellbHoii Kpacombl ool!uHa. Mel!KU, oouH U3 npoeoOHUKOB, U30aem Kl!Utt, u B omeem CllblutamcJt npueemcmeuJt ezo conl!eMeHHUKOB. Mbl ux eUfe He euoUM, HO Jl ttyecmeyJO KOJ!Ceii, ttmo oHu euoJtm Hac.

113 ,[(yMa~aMhl a6opHreHhl XO~HT ~3J!hIIIe - B THMHKy, MyJIHJO l1 BaMeHy. IIo

cJie~HHH - H3l160Jiee <<IIpO~Bl1HYTOe~

MeCTO BO BCeH l1H~OHe3l1HCKOH qacTH

IIarrya. )l{HTeJIH BaMeHhi ~aBHO pacrrpo-

6oBaJIH <<BKYC ~eHer>> l1 yCTp3I1B310T Ha

rroTexy TYPHCTaM KpacoqHhie rrpe~cTaB

JieHHH. A <l>OTorpa<l>HPYJOTCH HCKJIJOqH

TeJihHO 33 ~eHhfl1. 06HT3TeJ!l1 ,[(yMa~3Mhl

IIOKa e!lle He CTOJ!h MepK3HTl1J!hHhl, XOTH

«33TepHHHh!H>> MI1p OK333J!CH He T3Kl1M

y)l( l1 33TepHHHh!M.

IJlOKOM ~J!H MeHH CT3J!O 3~3Hl1e ...

llepKBl1, CTpOHTeJihHhie M3Tepl13J!hl ~J!H

KOTOpOH ~yMa~3Ml.lhl T3!lll1J!l1 Ha ce6e

l13 3HapOT3J!l1. ,[(epeBHH IIOTepHJI3 <<~eB

CTBeHHOCTh >> , BIIYCTI1B B CBOe J!OHO, IIYCTh

l1 IIpOTl1B BOJ!l1, eBporreHCKl1X Ml1CCl10He

pOB l1 l1H~OHe3l1HCKOe rrpaBHTeJ!hCTBO,

OT KOTOpOrO rrarryacaM ~OCT3J!3Ch pa3-

HOI.IBeTH3H o~e)l(~a. Kor~a l1H~OHe3l1Hllhi

IIpi1IIIJ!l1 CJO~a OKOJ!O 40 JieT H333~, 0Hl1

rrpoBo~HJIH «orrepal.IHIO <<KOTeKa~, Bhi

HY)I(~aH a6opHreHoB l136aBJIHThCH OT <l>aJI

JIOKpi1IITOB. Terreph KOTeKH HOCHT Jll1Illh

e~l1Hl1llhl, a )l(eH!lll1Hhl 60Jihiiie He XO~HT rro ~epeBHe c o6Ha)l(eHHOH rpy~hJO. A ca

Moe fJ!3BHOe - Hl1KTO He Kpl1ql1T «Tl1~3K

May!~. KaK Ta qyMa3aH ~eBoqKa Ha o6o

ql1He pa36HTOH ~opom ... c ///////#////////////fiW/fiW/17//#///#///////////////////////////////////////

•

•. -n l!J noAp06Hee 0 nyreweCTBI-U1 • • B AyMaAaMy YHTa~re

Ha HaweM ca~re l!J. . · www.djscoyery-russja.ru

* no.aapoK nony'-lvtT '-lvtTaTenb, nepabtM ocpopMvtawvtilt no.anvtcKy a nepvto.a c 27.05.2012 no 20. 06.2012. no.aapoK Bbt.aaeTCR no.anvtc'-lvtKy a pe.aaKU,vtvt )/(ypHana a Te'-leHvte .aayx MeCRU,eB C MOMeHTa OnOBeUjeHvtR.

'IT06bl Oct»OPMl1Tb PEAAKUl10HHYIO nOAnl1CKY, BAM HY>KHO:

1. 3an011H~Tb <j>opMy NQ nA-4 COr113CHO np~11araeMOMY o6pa3LW.

2. On11ar~Tb cro~MOCTb noAn~cK~ s mo6oM OTAe11eH~~ C6ep6aHKa ~11~ o<j>opM~Tb

nepeBOA Ha yKaJaHHbl~ c~eT.

3. Ompas~Tb Kon~IO on11a~eHHO~ KB~TaHI..I~~ no <j>aKcy: + 7 (495) 232-08-69

~11~ no e -mail: podpiska@discovery-mag .ru .

TaKlKe MOlKHO Jano11H~Tb <j>opMy ~epe3 ca~r www.discovery-russia.ru.

l..leHa OAHOrO HOMepa lKYPH3113 121 py6.

no sonpocaM noAn~cK~ o6pall!a~recb no re11.: + 7 (495) 232-08-69.

V13BEULIEHV1E 000 "VIA "AV1CKABEPV1" VlHH 7721588455 Knn 772101001 PacYeTHbli.i eYer 40702810638360109188 OAO «C6ep6aHK Pocc~~" r. MoCKBa K/c 30101810400000000225 6V1K 044525225

c!JaM~Il~H Vl.O. : ___ .,-;::~ '\>. noYTOBbli.i aApec nnarellbl11~Ka: r. \ •,

Tenecj:>oH: e-mail: ::.

~=....:...:, B~A nnarelKa

-~ Aara

noAn~cKa Ha lKypHan DISCOVERY

NQNQ

Kacc~p noAn~Cb nnaT81lbl11~Ka

c!lopMa NQn,Q-4

\· ' ]'~.

~'·

CyMMa

no.D.nl!ICHafl ueHa yKaJaHa 6e3 y'iera KOMl!1CC~<H1 6aHKa Ja nepesoA aeHer.

l.J,eHa .Q€~CTBVIT€JlbH3 B nepiiiO,ll C 27.05.2012 nO 20.06.2012.

nOAnl1CKA HA 3nEKTPOHHYIO BEPCl110 >KYPHAnA Ami nK, nnAHWETOB, CMAPT<l»OHOB:

www .ru .zinio .com

Yc110B~51 noAn~cK~ Ha ca~re.

nOAnl1CHbiE l1HAEKCbl:

06beA~HeHHbl~ Kara11or "npecca Pace~~, - 42141.

Kara11or «raJeTbl. )J(ypHa11bl>> areHrcrsa «Pocne~aTb>>- 47200.

Kara11or pocc~~cKo~ npeccbl "no~ra Pace~~·· - 12491. Yc11os~51 noAn~cK~ s OTAe11eH~51x "no~Tbl Pace~~ ·· ·

nOAnl1CKA 'iEPE3 nnATE>KHbiE TEPMl1HAnbl QIWI (ccKl1Bl1») Yc11os~51 noAn~cK~ Ha ca~re www.jurnaloff.net.

6biCTpb1~ nepeXOA

Ha CTpaH~LIY noAn~CK~

Ha HaweM ca~re

www.discovery-russia .ru

lKYPHAJl DISCOVERY nPEACTABJlEH B KPYnHEHW~X CETSIX CYnEPMAPKETOB ~ n1nEPMAPKETOB: •A36yKa BKyca•, "AwaH•, •Anble napy-ca», «6"nna», «6yK6acrep», «Kam1HKa CroKMaHH», «neHra», «MarH"T», «Merpo», «MarHO/lVISI », «O'Ke" », «OcrpOB », «nepeKP€CTOK», «P€311 », «XOpOWVI€ HOBOCH1 »,

•R·K•OCK•, SPAR, . rno6yc rypM3•.

HA ABT03AnPABO'IHbiX KOMn11EKCAX: British Petroleum , Neste, •POCHecjJTb•, Shell, "Tpacca•, THK.

B A3POnOPTAX ~ HA lKEJ1E3HOAOPOlKHbiX BOK3AJ1AX MOCKBbl.

PACnPOCTPAHEH"E OCYL1!ECTBJ151-ETCSI 'IEPE3 KPYnHEHW"X A"CTP"SbiOTOPOB nPECCbl: •npecc-11or•cr•K•, "CI>opMyna 11enosoro M•pa•, APn~ •C•6•pb•, "AP~A-A•CI> •,

•Ce~nc•, . npeccXayc•, 4jeHrpone~aTb •,

AreHTCTBO •Pocne~aTb•, "lKenAopnpecc•, •Hawa npecca•, "Hesa-npecc•, •MH-npecc•, ,JKcnpecc MeA•a MapKeT•, •COI03ne~aTb•, •MerponpeCC•, •CK npecc•, •IOrMeA•anpecc•, "BnaAnpecca•, "na6n•K npecc-BonrorpaA•, APnn "WaHc-npecc•, •CerOAH~-npecc-BopoHeJK•, , ropne~arb•,

•rno6an npecc 11or•cr•K•, "M"p npeCCbl•, •Anpenb-nor•cr•K•, APn "Cesep•, •Kapen•~ npecc+•, •CeneKT MeA•a•, •KBaAPO KoMnaH~».

rEOrPA«<lHSI PACnPOCTPAHEH"SI: AAnep, A~xan, AHana, ApxaHrenbCK, AcrpaxaHb, 6ara~cK , 6enropoA, 6p~HCK ,

BnaA•socroK, BnaA•KaBKa3, BnaA•M•P. BonrorpaA, BonorAa, BopoHeJK, reneHAJK"K, AM•rpos, Ay6Ha, EKarep•H6ypr, 3ao3epcK, 3apa~cK, ~BaHOBO, ~PKYTCK , ~crpa, Ka3aHb, Kan•H•HrpaA, KaMeHCK-Waxr•HCK"~· Kaw•pa, K•pos, Kn•H, KonoMHa, KoMCOMOnbCK-HaAMype, KocrpoMa, KpacHoropcK, KpacHOAap, KpaCHO~PCK , KyBaHAbiK, KypcK, n•ne4K, nyxoB"4bl , MaraAaH, Maxa~Kana, MeAHOropcK, M•~YP"HCK, MoJKa~cK, MypMaHCK, Hapo-CI>oM•HcK, H. HosropoA, Hosopocc•~cK ,

Hosoc•6•pcK, Hosorpo•4K, 06H•HcK, 0MCK, Open, OpeH6ypr, OpcK, nepMb, nerpo3aBOACK, nerponasnOBCK-KaM~aTCK.~ , ncKOB, n~r•ropcK , PoCTOB·Ha-AoHy, Py3a , Pb16•HCK, P~3aHb , CaMapa, CaHKr-nerep6ypr, CapaHCK, CapaTOB, Cepmes nocaA, Cepnyxos, CMoneHCK, co~•. Craspononb, Cy3Aanb, Cypryr, CbiKTbiBKap, TaraHpor, TanAOM, Tsepb, TeMpiOK, Tonb~n• , Tyance, Tyna, Tyraes, TIOMeHb, YnaH-YAJ, Ynb~HOBCK, Y¢a, Yxra, Xa6aposcK, ~en~6•HCK , ~epenose4, ~exos,

~•ra , WaxTbl, IOJKHo-Caxan•HCK, 51KyrCK, 51pocnasnb "AP·

143

'U1TAMTE B CnEAYIOLUEM HOMEPE

HEM3BECTHAHPOCCMH Haw a CTpaHa TaHT B ce6e HH'Iyrh He MeHbllle 3ara,liOK, 'I eM ,llaJibHHe HeH3Be,llaH

Hbie ocrpoBa HJIH KaHyBrnHe B He6hiTHe QHBHJIH3aQHH. l1cTopmi PocmH ITepe

ITHChiBaJiach He e,liHHQ)I(,llhl, a B H,lleOJIOrH'IeCKHX cpa)l(eHH.HX Ha HCTOpH'IeCKOH

HHBe - eii(e co BpeMeH l1BaHa III - 6hiJIO CJIOMaHo HeMaJio KOITHif, H TeiTeph

Bee TPY.liHee pa3o6paThC.H, HaiTpHMep, B TOM, 'ITO ITpe,llcTaBJI.HJIH co6oif pocmif

CKHe TeppHTOpHH ,110 TOrO, KaK B HoBrOpO,lle o60CHOBaJIC.H Bap.H)I(CKHH KH.H3h

PJOpHK. KaK c<PopMHpoBaJIC.H Hapo,ll, KOTOphiH TeiTepb Ha3biBaJOT pyccKHM?

C KeM BCTyiTaJI OH B ITpOTHBo6opcTBO- H r,11e TeiTepb era 6biJihie Bpam? Ko11eco

OTe'leCTBeHHOH HCTOpHH BOT y)l(e 60Jibllle Th!C.H'IH JieT KaTHTC.H ITO oco6oMy

pyccKOMY ITYTH, OCTaBJI.H.H 3a co6oif 6JIHCTaTeJibHbie BeXH- pyccKOe B03p0)1(

,lleHHe, 30JIOTOH HMITepCKHH BeK, IT06e,llhl B BeJIH'IaHlllHX BOHHaX. ,[(HCKyCCHH

ITO ITOBO.liY 3THX co6hiTHH He YTHxaJOT - 6oH 3a HCTOPHJO ITPO.liOJI)I(aJOTC.H.

111CT0pll151

PYCCKMEHArABAMHX faBaHH ... 200 JieT Ha3a,ll Ha 3K30TH'IeCKOM apXHITeJiare B THXOM OKeaHe

CTOJIKHYJIHCh HHTepeCbl HeCKOJihKHX CTOpOH. MeCTHbie KOpOJIH, BOeBaBWHe

,11pyr c ,11pyroM, pyccKHe KYITllhi H aMepHKaHCKHe 6H3HecMeHhi - Bee OHH

IThiTaJIHCh pa3hlrpaTb CBOH K03blpH, 'IT06hi 3aiTOJIY'IHTh KOHTpOJih Ha,ll ITJIO

,liOpO,liHOH 3eMJieif. IlO,ll,llaHHhie pOCCHHCKOH KOpOHhl HaJia,liHJIH KOHTaKThl

c KopeHHhiM HaceJieHHeM 3a ,11ec.HTh JieT .110 aMepHKaHl\eB. B HaiTOMHHaHHe o6

3TOM Ha KayaH COXpaHHJIHCh OCTOBhl pyCCKHX <l>opTOB, a O,liHH H3 OCTpOBOB

HOCHT HM.H IOpH.H JlHC.HHCKOrO, ITpHBe,llrnero lllJIJOIT <<HeBa>> K apXHITeJiary

B 1804 ro,11y. 0,liHaKo rnaHca y.llep)l(aTh faBaifH y pyccKHX He 6biJIO .. .

KOCMOC MAHCM IlJiaTO BhiBeTpHBaHH.H MaHhiTYITYHep ,liJI.H MaRCH BCer,lla 6hiJIO MeCTOM CB.H

II(eHHhiM. K CTOJI6aM-HCITOJIHHaM HMeJIH ITpaBO ITO,liHHMaTbC.H JIHlllh rnaMa

Hhl - ,11a6b! HaCbiTHThC.H 6o)l(eCTBeHHOH 3Hepmeif. 3,lleCb ,lleHCTBHTeJibHO

OIIIYillaeTc.H oco6a.H aypa. ITocJie Tpex ,liHeif H3MaTbiBaJOII(ero ITyrH oT 6JIH)I(aif

rnero ropo,11a l1B,lleJih ITO 6oJioTaM H 6e3,liOpO)I(hJO y cToJI6oB HCIIhiThiBaernh

CTpaHHOe 'IYBCTBO. B HaXO,li.HII(eHC.H HeiTO,llaJieKy ,llepeBHe JleiTJI.H BCero rnecTe

po 06HTaTeJieif, BCe - MaRCH. )I(H3Hh B,llaJIH OT l\HBHJIH3al\HH HaKJia,llbiBaeT g CBOH OTIIe'laTOK: HX 6b!T OITpe,lleJI.HJOT HeKHH Bh!ClllHH ITpOMhiCeJI H ,llpeBHHe g 3aBeTbl ITpe,liKOB, H Ka)l(eTC.H, OHH BCeM ,liOBOJihHhl. Ho eCTh JIH y HHX 6y.llyii(ee? ~

~ "' ,{ 0

~ 0

TPYAHOCTM nEPEBOAA ~ X Y.liO)I(eCTBeHHhiH ITepeBO.ll JIHTepaTypHoro ITpOH3Be,lleHH.H Tpe6yeT He MeHh- ~ lllHX 3aTpaT TBOp'IeCKHX CHJI , 'leM era CO'IHHeHHe, a XOpOlllHH ITepeBO,li'IHK ~ BCer,lla OCTaHeTC.H B TeHH, Bhl,liBHra.H Ha ITepBbiH ITJiaH pa6oTy aBTOpa. K C'la- ~ CThJO, ITpOlllJIH BpeMeHa, KOr,lla HeBepHa.H HHTepiTpeTal\H.H CJIOBa HJIH 6yKBhl ~ ITpH ITepeBO,lle MOrJia ITpHBeCTH K TpamqeCKHM ITOCJie,liCTBH.HM. CerO,liH.H OWH6- § KH ITepeBO,lla ITOpO)I(,llaJOT MHO)I(eCTBO 3a6aBHhiX Ka3yCOB, H BCe 3TO 6b!JIO 6bi ~ CMelllHO, eCJIH 6hi He 6hiJIO TaK rpyCTHO. TaKHX ITpHMepOB - HeCMeTHOe 'IHCJIO, ~ HMH MQ)I(HQ 3aiTOJIHHTh He O.liHY yBeCHCTYJO KHHry. 0 HeKOTOpbiX H3 CaMhiX ·~ <<Bhi,llaJOII(HXC.H>> ornH6oK Bhi CMO)I(eTe Y3HaTh B cJie,llyJOilleM HOMepe Discovery. ~

discovery 06 2012

Documents