disasters and disaster planning

7/23/2019 Disasters and Disaster Planning

1/34

DISASTERS ANDDISASTERS AND

DISASTER PLANNINGDISASTER PLANNINGMa. Victoria J. Recinto, BSN, RNMa. Victoria J. Recinto, BSN, RN

Pediatric Intensive Care NursePediatric Intensive Care Nurse

University of the PhilippinesManilaUniversity of the PhilippinesManila

Philippine !eneral "ospitalPhilippine !eneral "ospital


2/34

DISASTERDISASTER

Any human-made orAny human-made ornatural event that causesnatural event that causes

destruction & devastationdestruction & devastationthat cannot be alleviatedthat cannot be alleviated

ithout assistanceithout assistance


3/34

DISASTERDISASTER

E!ternal Disaster" occur outside theE!ternal Disaster" occur outside thehealth care a#ency $surroundin#health care a#ency $surroundin#

community%community%

Internal Disaster" occur inside the healthInternal Disaster" occur inside the healthcare a#encycare a#ency

Disaster Prearedness Plan" 'ormal lanDisaster Prearedness Plan" 'ormal lan

o' action o' coordinatin# the resonse o'o' action o' coordinatin# the resonse o'health care a#ency sta'' in the event o' ahealth care a#ency sta'' in the event o' a

disasterdisaster


4/34

DISASTER" T(PESDISASTER" T(PES

)*+AN-+ADE)*+AN-+ADEDam 'ailures $'loodin#%Dam 'ailures $'loodin#%

)a,ardous substance accidents)a,ardous substance accidents$ollution chemical sills to!ic$ollution chemical sills to!ic

#as lea.s%#as lea.s%

Radiolo#ical accidentsRadiolo#ical accidents


5/34


)*+AN-+ADE)*+AN-+ADEResource shorta#es $'ood aterResource shorta#es $'ood ater

electricity%electricity%

Structural collase 'ire or e!losionsStructural collase 'ire or e!losions

Terrorist attac.s $bombin# riotsTerrorist attac.s $bombin# riots

bioterrorism%bioterrorism%Transortation accidentsTransortation accidents


6/34


NAT*RALNAT*RAL/li,,ards )ailstorms/li,,ards )ailstorms

0ommunicable disease eidemics0ommunicable disease eidemics0yclones )urricanes0yclones )urricanes

Drou#htsDrou#htsEarth1ua.es 2olcanic erutionsEarth1ua.es 2olcanic erutions


7/34


NAT*RALNAT*RAL3loods3loods

3orest 'ires3orest 'iresLandslides mudslidesLandslides mudslides

Tidal avesTidal avesTornadoesTornadoes


8/34

DISASTER" LE2ELSDISASTER" LE2ELS

LE2EL IIILE2EL III +inor minimal level o' dama#e+inor minimal level o' dama#e

LE2EL IILE2EL II

+oderate ith 'ederal assistance+oderate ith 'ederal assistance

LE2EL ILE2EL I

+assive results in residential disaster+assive results in residential disasterdeclaration 'ull en#a#ement o' 'ederaldeclaration 'ull en#a#ement o' 'ederal

re#ional & national resourcesre#ional & national resources


9/34

A+ERI0AN RED 0R4SS $AR0%A+ERI0AN RED 0R4SS $AR0%

Given authority by the 'ederalGiven authority by the 'ederal#ov5t to rovide disaster relie' 'or#ov5t to rovide disaster relie' 'or

'ree'ree

Develos & tests communityDevelos & tests community

disaster lansdisaster lans

Identi'ies & trains ersonnel 'orIdenti'ies & trains ersonnel 'or

disaster resonsedisaster resonse


10/34


Educates the ublic about aysEducates the ublic about aysto reare 'or a disasterto reare 'or a disaster

4erates shelters rovides4erates shelters rovidesassistance to meet immediateassistance to meet immediate

emer#ency needs rovidesemer#ency needs rovides

disaster health services includin#disaster health services includin#

mental suortmental suort


11/34


Nurses involved ith AR0Nurses involved ith AR0assume 'unctions as mana#ersassume 'unctions as mana#ers

suervisors & 'irst aid educators6suervisors & 'irst aid educators6

articiate in disasterarticiate in disaster

rearedness & relie' bloodrearedness & relie' blood

collection drives immuni,ationcollection drives immuni,ationro#ramsro#rams


12/34

34*R P)ASES"34*R P)ASES"

DISASTER +ANAGE+ENTDISASTER +ANAGE+ENT 78 +ITIGATI4N78 +ITIGATI4N

+easures reventin# occurrence o'+easures reventin# occurrence o'

a disaster ora disaster or dama#in# e''ects o' adama#in# e''ects o' adisasterdisaster

Determination o' communityDetermination o' community

ha,ards & ris.s $actual & otentialha,ards & ris.s $actual & otentialthreats% be'ore disaster occursthreats% be'ore disaster occurs


13/34


DISASTER +ANAGE+ENTDISASTER +ANAGE+ENT 78 +ITIGATI4N78 +ITIGATI4N

Aareness o' available communityAareness o' available community

resources & health ersonnel to 'acilitateresources & health ersonnel to 'acilitate

mobili,ation o' activities &mobili,ation o' activities & chaos &chaos &

con'usion i' a disaster occurscon'usion i' a disaster occurs

Determination o' the resources availableDetermination o' the resources available

'or care to in'ants older clients disabled'or care to in'ants older clients disabled

& ith chronic health care roblems& ith chronic health care roblems


14/34


DISASTER +ANAGE+ENTDISASTER +ANAGE+ENT 98 PREPAREDNESS98 PREPAREDNESS

Plans 'or rescue evacuation & carin# 'orPlans 'or rescue evacuation & carin# 'or

disaster victimsdisaster victims

Plans 'or trainin# disaster ersonnelPlans 'or trainin# disaster ersonnel

#atherin# resources#atherin# resources

Identi'ication o' seci'ic resonsibilities 'orIdenti'ication o' seci'ic resonsibilities 'or

disaster ersonneldisaster ersonnel Establishment o' community disaster lanEstablishment o' community disaster lan

& ublic communication system& ublic communication system


15/34


DISASTER +ANAGE+ENTDISASTER +ANAGE+ENT 98 PREPAREDNESS98 PREPAREDNESS

E+S activation chec.in# roerE+S activation chec.in# roer

'unctionin# o' emer#ency'unctionin# o' emer#encye1uimentse1uiments

0hec.in# o' sulies re#ularly &0hec.in# o' sulies re#ularly &

relenishment o' outdated suliesrelenishment o' outdated sulies

Practice:+oc. disaster drillsPractice:+oc. disaster drills


16/34


DISASTER +ANAGE+ENTDISASTER +ANAGE+ENT ;8 RESP4NSE;8 RESP4NSE

Puttin# disaster lannin# servicesPuttin# disaster lannin# services

into action to save lives & reventinto action to save lives & revent'urther dama#e'urther dama#e

Primary concerns" sa'ety hysicalPrimary concerns" sa'ety hysical

health mental health o' the victimshealth mental health o' the victims

& members o' the team& members o' the team


17/34


DISASTER +ANAGE+ENTDISASTER +ANAGE+ENT


18/34

N*RSE5S R4LEN*RSE5S R4LE

IN DISASTER PLANNINGIN DISASTER PLANNING PERS4NAL & PR43ESSI4NALPERS4NAL & PR43ESSI4NAL

PREPAREDNESSPREPAREDNESS

+a.e ersonal & 'amily rearations+a.e ersonal & 'amily rearations

/e aare o' the disaster lan at the/e aare o' the disaster lan at the

or.lace & communityor.lace & community

+aintain certi'ication in disaster+aintain certi'ication in disastertrainin# & 0PRtrainin# & 0PR

Particiate in moc. disaster drillsParticiate in moc. disaster drills


19/34

E+ERGEN0( PLANSE+ERGEN0( PLANS

+eetin# lace 'or 'amilies+eetin# lace 'or 'amilies

$evacuation center%$evacuation center%

)o to turn o'' ater #as &)o to turn o'' ater #as &electricity at main sitcheselectricity at main sitches

Relacin# ater suly 1;mos8 &Relacin# ater suly 1;mos8 &'ood sulies 1=mos8'ood sulies 1=mos8


20/34

E+ERGEN0( S*PPLIESE+ERGEN0( S*PPLIES

A ;-day ater suly $ 7A ;-day ater suly $ 7

#al8:erson:day% & non-erishable#al8:erson:day% & non-erishable

'ood'ood 0lothin# & blan.ets0lothin# & blan.ets

A 'irst aid .itA 'irst aid .it

Ade1uate suly o' rescritionAde1uate suly o' rescrition

medsmeds


21/34


/attery-oerated radio/attery-oerated radio

3lashli#ht & batteries3lashli#ht & batteries

0redit card cash or traveler5s chec.s0redit card cash or traveler5s chec.s An e!tra set o' car .eys & a 'ull tan.An e!tra set o' car .eys & a 'ull tan.

o' #as in the caro' #as in the car

Sanitation sulies 'or ashin#Sanitation sulies 'or ashin#

toiletin# & disosin# trashtoiletin# & disosin# trash


22/34


An e!tra air o' eye#lassesAn e!tra air o' eye#lasses

Secial items 'or in'ants olderSecial items 'or in'ants older

clients or disabledclients or disabled Items needed 'or a et $'ood aterItems needed 'or a et $'ood ater

leash%leash%

Imt8 documents in a ater-roo'Imt8 documents in a ater-roo'

casecase


23/34

N*RSE5S R4LEN*RSE5S R4LE

IN DISASTER PLANNINGIN DISASTER PLANNING DISASTER RESP4NSEDISASTER RESP4NSE

In the health care a#ency" 'olloin# theIn the health care a#ency" 'olloin# the

directions identi'ied in the emer#encydirections identi'ied in the emer#ency

resonse lanresonse lan In the community" i' actin# as the 7In the community" i' actin# as the 7 stst

resonder attend 7resonder attend 7ststto victims ith li'e-to victims ith li'e-

threatenin# roblems6 once rescuethreatenin# roblems6 once rescueor.ers arrive immediate lans 'oror.ers arrive immediate lans 'or

tria#e should be#intria#e should be#in


24/34

TRIAGETRIAGE

0lassi'yin# victims0lassi'yin# victims

accordin# to the severity o'accordin# to the severity o'

the in>ury ur#ency & lacethe in>ury ur#ency & lace

o' t!o' t!


25/34

TRIAGE RATING S(STE+STRIAGE RATING S(STE+S

?-TIER $+ILITAR( TRIAGE%?-TIER $+ILITAR( TRIAGE%

2ictim is dead or dyin#2ictim is dead or dyin#

Emer#ent" li'e-threatenin# in>uriesEmer#ent" li'e-threatenin# in>uries

readily correctablereadily correctable

*r#ent" must be treated ithin 7-9 hrs*r#ent" must be treated ithin 7-9 hrs

Non-ur#ent $Delayed%" non-criticalNon-ur#ent $Delayed%" non-criticalambulatoryambulatory

No in>ury" no t! neededNo in>ury" no t! needed


26/34


ured

ith reasonable chance 'or survivalith reasonable chance 'or survival

Non-ur#ent $Delayed%" can ait 'or careNon-ur#ent $Delayed%" can ait 'or care

a'ter simle 7a'ter simle 7ststaidaid

E!ectant" e!tremely critical & dyin#E!ectant" e!tremely critical & dyin#

+inimal $Non-ur#ent%" no imairment o'+inimal $Non-ur#ent%" no imairment o''unction can t! sel' or be t! by non-'unction can t! sel' or be t! by non-

ro'essionalsro'essionals


27/34


;-TIER $)EALT) 0ARE AGEN0IES%;-TIER $)EALT) 0ARE AGEN0IES%

Emer#ent" li'e-threatenin# in>uriesEmer#ent" li'e-threatenin# in>uries

readily correctablereadily correctable

*r#ent" must be treated ithin 7-9*r#ent" must be treated ithin 7-9

hrshrs

Non-ur#ent $Delayed%" non-criticalNon-ur#ent $Delayed%" non-criticalambulatory no in>uryambulatory no in>ury


28/34


9-TIER9-TIER

Immediate" li'e-threatenin# in>uriesImmediate" li'e-threatenin# in>uries

readily correctable $emer#ent% &readily correctable $emer#ent% &victims ho must be treated ithinvictims ho must be treated ithin

7-9 hrs $ur#ent%7-9 hrs $ur#ent%

Non-ur#ent $Delayed%" non-criticalNon-ur#ent $Delayed%" non-criticalambulatory no in>ury dyin# or deadambulatory no in>ury dyin# or dead


29/34

E+ERGEN0( DEPART+ENTE+ERGEN0( DEPART+ENT

TRIAGE S(STE+STRIAGE S(STE+S E+ERGENT $RED%" PRI4RIT( 7E+ERGENT $RED%" PRI4RIT( 7

Li'e-threatenin# in>uries ith hi#hLi'e-threatenin# in>uries ith hi#h

chance 'or survival once stablechance 'or survival once stable e8#8 trauma chest ain severe RRe8#8 trauma chest ain severe RR

distress 0PR limb amutationdistress 0PR limb amutation

acute neuro de'icits chemical eyeacute neuro de'icits chemical eyeslashesslashes


30/34


TRIAGE S(STE+STRIAGE S(STE+S *RGENT $(ELL4@%" PRI4RIT( 9*RGENT $(ELL4@%" PRI4RIT( 9

Non li'e-threatenin# in>uries i' t!Non li'e-threatenin# in>uries i' t!

ithin 7-9 hrs re1uires evaluationithin 7-9 hrs re1uires evaluation1;-= mins81;-= mins8

e8#8 simle 'racture asthmae8#8 simle 'racture asthma

ithout RR distress 'ever )TNithout RR distress 'ever )TNabdominal ain renal stoneabdominal ain renal stone


31/34


TRIAGE S(STE+STRIAGE S(STE+S N4N-*RGENT $GREEN%"N4N-*RGENT $GREEN%"

PRI4RIT( ;PRI4RIT( ;

@ith local in>uries ithout@ith local in>uries ithoutcomlications ho can aitcomlications ho can ait

several hrs 'or t! re1uiresseveral hrs 'or t! re1uires

evaluation 17-9hevaluation 17-9h e8#8 minor laceration srain coldse8#8 minor laceration srain colds


32/34


TRIAGE S(STE+STRIAGE S(STE+S @hen carin# 'or dead clients@hen carin# 'or dead clients

reco#ni,e the imortance o'reco#ni,e the imortance o'

'amily rituals & rovide suort'amily rituals & rovide suortto the loved onesto the loved ones

4r#an donation rocedures need4r#an donation rocedures need

to be addressed i' aroriateto be addressed i' aroriate


33/34

ASSESS+ENT" E+ERGEN0(ASSESS+ENT" E+ERGEN0(

DEPART+ENTDEPART+ENT PRI+AR( ASSESS+ENTPRI+AR( ASSESS+ENT

To identi'y immediate orTo identi'y immediate or

otential threat to li'eotential threat to li'eGathers ob>ective data A/0sGathers ob>ective data A/0s

traumatic in>ury 'or head ortraumatic in>ury 'or head orcervical sine in>urycervical sine in>ury


34/34

ASSESS+ENT" E+ERGEN0(ASSESS+ENT" E+ERGEN0(

DEPART+ENTDEPART+ENT SE04NDAR( ASSESS+ENTSE04NDAR( ASSESS+ENT

Done a'ter treatmentDone a'ter treatment

Gathers sub>ective & ob>ectiveGathers sub>ective & ob>ective

data h! #eneral overvie 2Sdata h! #eneral overvie 2S

neuro ain assessmentneuro ain assessmentcomlete or 'ocused PEcomlete or 'ocused PE

disasters and disaster planning

Documents