disaster reduction and risk management seminar qc red cross 07042015
TRANSCRIPT
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DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS
SEMINAR
LLOYD L. SAPLA, RN, EMTHead – Disaster Management Service
Staff in Charge – Emergency Response Unit
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The Philippines is at the Earthquake
belt and Pacific Rim of Fire.
Every year we face National
Disasters–
calamities, typhoons,earthquakes, floods, El Nino, internal
conflicts, civil disturbances,
pandemics/epidemics, volcaniceruption, terrorist attack, climate
change, etc.
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The Philippine Archipelago occupies the western rim of the Pacific
Ocean (Western Segment of the Pacific Ring / Rim of Fire), a most active
part of the earth that is characterized by an ocean-encircling belt of activevolcanoes and earthquake generators (fault lines).
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July 16, 1990; intensity 7
1,666 dead; 3,500 injured
P11B in damages in Property
P1.2B in Agriculture
EARTHQUAKE
Geological Hazards
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Ondoy 2009
Pasig City (AFP)
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Aerial Shot at Marikina City
submerged in flood (AFP)
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AUGUST 2013
HABAGAT ENHANCED BY
“TYPHOON MARING”
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The 2013 Bohol earthquake occurred on
October 15, 2013, at 8:12 a.m. (PST) in Bohol,
an island province located in CentralVisayas, Philippines with a magnitude of 7.2.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Standard_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boholhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Visayashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Visayashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Visayashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Visayashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boholhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Standard_Time
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NOVEMBER 8, 2013
“Typhoon Yolanda”
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WestValley
Fault
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MM EARTHQUAKE IMPACT REDUCTION
STUDY (MMEIRS) FINDINGS
•
Possibility of 7.2 Magnitude EQ occurring alongthe Fault on the Eastern part of MetropolitanManila. Another scenario is a strong earthquakeat Manila Bay capable of generating a 2-meter
high tsunami affecting western coastline ofMetro Manila.
• Effect is characterized by strong ground shaking
(Intensity 8 & 9) along most parts of MM,liquefaction, and landslides causing severedamage to buildings (mostly residential),thousands of deaths and injuries, disruption of
lifelines and services, and widespread fires.
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Always FIRST Always READY Always THERE
A Magnitude 7.2 Earthquake from the West Valley Fault will cause:
Could damage approximately 38% of the residential
buildings (total 1.3 M), 38% of the 10-30 story buildings (total
981), 14% of the 30-60 story buildings (total 119), 30-35% ofpublic buildings;
Estimated 33,500 deaths and 114,000 injuries;
Additional 18,000 deaths from fire;
9 bridges might be affected; 4000 water pipes or joint breaks,
30 km electrical cables cut, 95 km communication cables cut
MMIERS Earthquake Impact Scenario
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Subdivision Name City/Municipality Valley Fault System (West or East) Which Side of the Subdivision?
Amity Vil. Quezon City West Valley Fault System Easternmost portion
Christine Vil. Quezon City West Valley Fault System West of the subd.
Filinvest Homes II Quezon City West Valley Fault System Central portion, NE Trend
Vista Real Classica Quezon City West Valley Fault System Near southeast portion of the subd.
Capitol Homes Subd. Quezon City West Valley Fault System East side
Loyola Grand Villas Marikina City West Valley Fault System Transected in may parts
La Vista Quezon City West Valley Fault System East most side
Loyola Subd. Marikina City West Valley Fault System West and central portion
Montevista Subd. Marikina City West Valley Fault System East side
Industrial Valley Subd. Marikina City West Valley Fault System Central portion
Cinco Hermanos Subd. Marikina City West Valley Fault System West side
Blue Ridge A Subd. Quezon City West Valley Fault System East most side
White Plains Quezon City West Valley Fault System East side
Green Meadows Quezon City West Valley Fault System Central portion
Valle Verde 6 Pasig City West Valley Fault System West side
Valle Verde 5 Pasig City West Valley Fault System West most side
Valle Verde 3 Pasig City West Valley Fault System Southeast side
Valle Verde 2 Pasig City West Valley Fault System Northwest edge
Valle Verde I Pasig City West Valley Fault System West side
Kawilihan Village Pasig City West Valley Fault System Central portion, NS trend
Liberty Homes Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System Northeast portionSource : MMEIRS, 2004
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Subdivision Name City/Municipality Valley Fault System (West or East) Which Side of the Subdivision?
New Alabang Hills Village Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System Cor. Sta. Anita Dr. & Kentucky Dr.
Lake View Subd. II Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System West side
Muntinlupa Bliss Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System East side
Jasonville Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System West edge; along Natl. Highway
Gruenville Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System Southeast side
Bruger Subd. Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System West side & east most edge
Lakeview Homes I Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System East side
JPA Subd. Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System Southeast side
Sto. Niño Village Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System Northeast & Central portion; NE Trend
Lodora Village Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System From NE to mid portion
R.M. Tiosejo Residential Subd. Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System West portion
RMT Industrial Subd. Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System Southwest & northeast side
Park Homes Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System Southwest & northeast side
Villa Carolina Subd. Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System Northwest side
Susana Heights Subd. Muntinlupa City West Valley Fault System East side
La Marea Hills San Pedro West Valley Fault System Northeast portion
Reaville San Pedro West Valley Fault System Central portion
East Rembo Makati City West Valley Fault System Transected
Comembo Makati City West Valley Fault System Transected
La Paz Biñan West Valley Fault System Transected
Stone Crest Subd. Biñan West Valley Fault System Transected
Villa Olympia Phase 6 Biñan West Valley Fault System Transected
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7.2 M EARTHQUAKE may isolate Metro
Manila- Phivolcs
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PREPAREFOR THE
WORST
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“Science has not yetdeveloped a foolproof
device to detect
earthquakes, and the best
time to prepare for the
worst is NOW.”
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Practical
preparations and
actions before,during AND AFTER
DIS STER
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JUST REMEMBER THE
4 P’S
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1. PREDICT
2. PLAN3. PREPARE
4. PRACTICE
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PREDICT
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• Know the hazards and threats that
could potentially harm or kill you when
it happens.
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• Know the resources available
in your community.
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PLAN
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FAMILY COMMUNICATION
Your family may not be togetherwhen disaster strikes, so plan
how you will contact one another.
Think about how you will
communicate in different
situations
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Your plan should include:
How will you get to a safe place
How will you contact one anotherHow will you get back together
What will you do in differentsituations
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Teach family members how to usetext messaging (also known as SMS or
Short Message Service). Text
messages can often get around
network disruptions when a phone
call might not be able to get through.
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Designate an area to meet with family
members in case communication is out
of the equation.
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Create your specific family
evacuation plan for each hazard.
Each family member should be aware
of the evacuation plan.
Evacuation Plan A & B
STAIRS
FLAGPO
LEGA
TE
GATE
WAL K
P AT H
W A L K
P A T H
EVACUATION
AREA
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Form a Disaster ManagementCommittee (DMC) composed of severalteams with specific task and designate
an over-all coordinator.
First Aid Team
Fire – Safety Team
Over-all coordinator
Site Security Team
Documentation and
Communication Team
Evacuation team
Rescue Team
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Disaster Management Committee (DMC)
Over-all coordinator
> Shall be the decision maker.
Responsible in over seeingthe situation.
must be familiar with
Incident Command System
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Disaster Management Committee (DMC)
Evacuation team
> Shall guide / assist everyone to
the evacuation areaShall manage the evacuation
area
must be familiar on the
evacuation plan
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Disaster Management Committee (DMC)
Fire – Safety Team
Shall be the first responder on
fire suppression while fire fightersare not yet around
Shall conduct fire safety
inspection
must be trained in firesuppression
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Disaster Management Committee (DMC)
Rescue Team
Shall perform the extrication of
injured persons and bring them tothe triage or treatment area
must be trained in rescue and
patient handling
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Disaster Management Committee (DMC)
First Aid Team
shall immediately apply first aid
treatment, stabilize victims, andtransport if necessary
shall man the triage and
treatment area
must be trained in First Aid andBasic Life Support
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Disaster Management Committee (DMC)
Site Security Team
shall provide appropriate
security and safety measuresduring the evacuation process
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Disaster Management Committee (DMC)
Communication Team
responsible to provide
communication between companyto external assistance
responsible to provide
communication between teams
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Additional Manpower:
Office Team Leader:
> person in charge per office
> shall report to command post for update
> shall perform the head count
Floor Coordinator:
> person in charge per floor
> last to leave area of responsibility
> shall check if everybody has evacuated
the floor
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Olavere_2010
Over-all Coordinator
Evacuation
Team
Site Security
Team
Communication
Team
Fire-Safety
Team
First AidTeam
Search/RescueTeam
NOTE: Teams must be integrated or in place per floor
and backup must be organized also.
Organizational Chart
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Olavere_2010
The Evacuation Area for buildings
should have provision to utilize all
available open spaces nearest thebuilding.
Safe from falling debris and other earthquake
related hazards like tsunami and lanslide.
vacant lot / open parking area / park / playground…
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Olavere_2010
Once an earthquake evacuation area has been identified and
assigned to a specific group, the building administrator
should then come up with an evacuation procedure using the
available map or site development plan.
Bldg. A
Take the safest / nearest route
to the designated evacuation area.
Marshalls / Floor Leader shall be assigned.
Evacuation area
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PREPARE
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1 gallon of water per
person per Day (3 Days
Minimum) 3 Days of Ready to Eat
(RTE) Food
Portable Radio (Battery
Operated) Flashlights & Batteries
Whistle
Eating Utensils
Blankets/Sleeping Bag
Essentials for Infants,
Elderly, or Pets Essential Medications
Hygiene Kits
First Aid Kit
Water Purification Kit (if
possible)
Utility Rope and Cord
Create your family survival kit and place
it into an area accessible to everyone:
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Learn First Aid and Basic Life Support:
> family members> neighbors
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BE A REDCROSS 143
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Know What to do before, during & after:
1.Earthquake
2.Fire3.Flood
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PREPAREDNESS
FORE RTHQU KE
What to do an earthquake
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Olavere_2010
What to do EFORE
an earthquake
Determine IF SITE ALONG AN ACTIVE
FAULT
Offset fence and onion rows at Nashimoto. The fault narrowly
missed the house, which now is a part of exhibition in the
Hokudan Earthquake Memorial Park.
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What to do an earthquake
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Olavere_2010
What to do EFORE
an earthquake
Determine IF SITE IS PRONE TO LIQUEFACTI
Caracas, Velenzuela1967Kobe, Japan1995
What to do an earthquake
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Olavere_2010
What to do EFORE
an earthquake
Determine IF SITE IS PRONE TO LANDSLID
Oblique aerial view of landslide that buried
Colonia Las Colinas, El Salvador
M=7.6 earthquake of January 13, 2001
What to do an earthquake
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Olavere_2010
What to do EFORE
an earthquake
Determine IF SITE IS PRONE TO TSUNAMI
What to do an earthquake
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Olavere_2010
What to do EFORE
an earthquake
Use PROPER STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING PRACTICE when constructinga house or building.
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What to do an earthquake
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What to do EFORE
an earthquake
EVALUATE STRUCTURAL SOUNDNESS OF
buildings and important infrastructures; strengthen
or retrofit if found necessary.
What to do an earthquake
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What to do EFORE an earthquake
Familiarize yourself with yourplace of work and residence
Identify relatively strong parts of the
building where you can take refuge
during an earthquake:
near elevator shafts
sturdy tables
What to do an earthquake
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What to do EFORE an earthquake
Familiarize yourself with yourplace of work and residence
+Learn to use fire extinguishers. These
should be accessible/conveniently located
and properly marked.
What to do an earthquake
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Olavere_2010
What to do EFORE an earthquake
Familiarize yourself with your
place of work and residence +Learn to use first aid kits, alarms and
emergency exits. These should be accessible/
conveniently located and properly marked.
E th k S i l Kit
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Earthquake Survival Kits
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Olavere_2010
HOME AND OFFICE FIRST AID
KITS First aid kits are vital following any emergency. Tobe useful, a first aid kit must be accessible and ready. Store the kit in
a location that will be accessible following the turmoil of an
earthquake.MEDICATIONS
Antibiotic Ointment
Medications For All Family Members
Aspirin and/or Pain Relief Medication
Diarrhea Medication
Eye Drops
Cold/Cough Medicine
Benadryl
Insect Spray
Ear and Nose Drops
Hydrogen Peroxide
Skin Disinfectant SprayExtra Prescription Medication
Old Pair Of Prescription Eyeglasses For Spare
MEDICAL MATERIALS
Band-aids
Medical Latex GlovesSurgical Mask
Instant Cold Packs
Instant Hot Packs
Ace Bandages
Butterfly Bandages
Gauze Pads
Cotton Swabs
Adhesive Tape
2" & 4" Wide Sterile Bandage Rolls
Triangular Bandage For Sling, Etc. (37" x 37" x 52")
Tongue Depressors (Pop-sickle Sticks)
Splint Material
Spray Bottle With 10% Bleach Solution For
Disinfecting Objects.
ALWAYS REMEMBER TO KEEP A COPY OF THE RED CROSS
FIRST AID MANUAL WITH YOUR EARTHQUAKE SUPPLIES
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In the kitchen
Hanging objects
Electronics
Objects on
open shelves and
tabletops
Identify potential hazards
…and begin to fix them.
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Door
Check how many persons can
pass the door at the same time.
Check for alternate route.
Alley/Corridors
Check how many persons can pass
the alley/corridor at the same time.
Check possible hazards that may
block the area during evacuation.
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1. Stabilize cylinder to PreventLPG cylinder from tumbling
during an earthquake.
2. Use Anti-slippery Device to
prevent hose from slipping
Propane
ylinder
1
2
What to do an earthquake
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Olavere_2010
What to do DURING
an earthquake
If inside a structurally soundbuilding, stay there!
• Protect your body from falling debris
• Duck, cover and Hold.
DURING AN EARTHQUAKE
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When you feel an earthquake,
“DUCK,COVER AND HOLD” under a
desk or sturdy table.
Stay undercover until the shaking
stops, and hold onto your cover. If it
moves, move with it.
DURING AN EARTHQUAKE
DUCK
COVER
HOLD
What to do an earthquake
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What to do DURING an earthquake
If outside, move to an open area
• Get away from power lines,
posts, walls and other structures
that may fall or collapse.
• Stay away from buildings with
glass panes.
What to do DURING
an earthquake
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If along the shore and you feel an earthquake,strong enough to make standing difficult.
• Run away from
the shore toward
higher ground
What to do DURING
an earthquake
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If on a mountain, or near a steep hill slope,
move away from steep escarpments whichmay be affected by landslides
What to do an earthquake
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What to do DURING
an earthquake
When driving a vehicle, pull tothe side of the road and stop
• Do not attempt to cross bridges or overpasses which
may have been damaged.
What to do an earthquake
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What to do FTER an earthquake
If inside an old, weak structure, take the
Fastest and safest way out!
• Get out calmly in an orderly
manner.
• Use the stairs.
• Check yourself and othersfor injuries
What to do FTER
an earthquake
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Check surroundings
• Clean up chemical spills, toxic
flammable materials to avoid any
chain of unwanted events.
• Check for fire and if any, haveit controlled.
• Check water and electrical lines
for defects. If any damage is
suspected, turn the system off
in the main valve or switch.
What to do an earthquake
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What to do FTER an earthquake
If you must evacuate your residence,leave a message stating where you aregoing
• Take with you your
,which should contain
all necessary items for
your protection and
comfort.
What to do FTER
an earthquake
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Help reduce the number of casualties
from the earthquake:
• Don’t enter partially damaged
building, strong aftershocks may
cause these to collapse.
• Gather information and disaster
prevention instruction from
battery-operated radios.
• Obey public safety precautions.
Weak story failure, Kobe, 1995
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Self-illuminating pathway systems offer glow-
in-the-dark luminescence when electricalsystems fail in an emergency.
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Time to take to evacuate from
each floor to the stairs
assumption : 15- 20 seconds
Time to take the service stairs from
each floor
assumption : 15- 20 seconds
Time to take to evacuate the whole building
assumpt ion: 14 storey bu i ld ing
40 seconds x 13 = 520 seconds AROUND 8 min
Time Element
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Some Tips on How to Enhance Survivability
If Trapped Under Rubble / Debris
Trapped Under Debris
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Trapped Under Debris
Avoid unnecessary movement
so that you don’t kick up dust.
Maintain moral and fighting
spirits high.
Periodically move your fingers
and toes to ensure blood
circulation.
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Trapped Under Debris
Cover your Mouth and
Nose with anything you have
on hand.
Try to breath through the
available Cotton material.
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Trapped Under Debris
Do not shout; shout only as
a last resort.
Note : Shout can cause a person
to inhale dangerous amounts of
dust.
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Trapped Under Debris
Tap on a pipe or wall so that rescuers
can hear where you are.
If available use a flashlight to signal
your location.
Why do we still need to preparean
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Concentrated in one area ofthe building.
Immediate response is toevacuate people and put outfire.
Immediate outside help willarrive definitely at thesoonest time.
Building occupants can beevacuated in any placeoutside the building awayfrom fire.
No aftershock to deal with.
Affects the whole building andnearby areas.
Immediate response is to Duck,Cover and Hold during anearthquake, and to evacuate ifnecessary.
Immediate outside help is not a
guarantee.
Area for evacuation after the eventis limited only to an open areawhich is safe from falling debrisand other earthquake relatedhazard.
Aftershocks will be anotherconcern.
an
EVACUATION PLAN ?
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PRACTICE
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SchoolsPrivate Companies
Government Offices
Office of the Ombudsman Quezon City Hall
Earthquake Drill Procedure:
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1. ALARM PHASE:Continuous ringing of siren/bell forone minute which means ongoingearthquake.
2. RESPONSE PHASE:Stay where you are unless
imminent danger is noticeable.Move to a safer place withcaution.
DO the DUCK, COVER and HOLD
Earthquake Drill Procedure:
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3. EVACUATION PHASE:
After the alarm/siren stops (meaningthe shaking stops) drill participantsshould then start to evacuate thebuilding.
The evacuees proceed throughpredetermined routes and
evacuees (unit occupants) shouldthen gather outside in adesignated evacuation area.
Earthquake Drill Procedure:
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4. ASSEMBLY PHASE: At the assembly area, groups fromeach floor must stay together.
5. HEADCOUNT PHASE:During the head count phase everysection head/leader must determineif everyone is present or accountedfor.
Earthquake Drill Procedure:
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6. EVALUATION:
After the headcount there should bean evaluation.
The evaluators identify the snags inthe drill.
The problem areas or potential
problem areas to rectify theseproblem for future earthquake drill
or in actual earthquake scenario.
Food for Thought
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Food for Thought
• How serious do you consider the threatsof disasters in the country and your
community?
• How committed are you to prepare?
• Is poverty or lack of funds a good reason
not to prepare?
• Would you rather be safe or sorry?
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“It’s better to have it and
not need it, than need it
and not have it.”
FOOD FOR THOUGHT
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AMPARO D. PEREZ
Officer in Charge
LLOYD SAPLA434-3751 / 433-6568 / 433-
215109178559234
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THANK YOU