DISASTER MANAGEMENT AN OVERVIEW

BY

N@NDEESH L@XETTIXC20

CYCLONEDamage Potential

SocietyPoorer than

before

Disruption ofNormal life & DevelopmentSuffers

Huge Losses/Damages

Elements at Risk

HAZARDDamage Potential

Awareness- Effect on Elements

SocietyQuicker Recovery

ActionPlans

Communities MoreResilientHuge Losses/

Damages

ReducedLosses

Elements at Risk

More Stable Society

HAZARDDamage Potential

Elements at Risk

Slopes of hills

Sea & Sea-coast

Low-lying Areas

River/Stream Banks

Natural Features

Unsecured personal assets

Livelihood tools / Equipment

Public Infrastructure

Agri. & Horticultural crops

Weak Buildings

Huts & Semi-permanent Houses

People & Live-stock

Societal Elements

Scale of DisasterIs Dependent on :• Lead Time Available.• Intensity of Hazard.• Duration.• Spatial Extent.• Density of Population & Assets.• Time of Occurrence.• Vulnerabilities existing in the

Elements at Risk.

•Hazard X Vulnerability = Disaster

ELEMENTS AT RISK• People• Livestock• Rural Housing Stock• Houses Vulnerable• Crops, Trees,Telephone, Electric

poles• Boats, Looms, Working

Implements• Personal Property• Electricity, Water and Food

Supplies• Infrastructure Support

AIMS OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

•Reduce (Avoid, if possible) the potential losses from hazards.

•Assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims when necessary.

•Achieve rapid and durable recovery.

 

 

DURING DISASTER

DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

PRE-DISASTER                 

 

PO

ST

- D

ISA

ST

ER

 

Stages of DisasterCyclone

Well Before

Weeks-Months

Just Before - Hours

Actual Time Period

Rescue Rehabilitation Relief Reconstruction

BEFORE AFTERDURING

Jan - Apr MAY June- Oct

Role Players in Disasters• People : Individuals, House -Holds,

Volunteers• Gram Panchayat : Sarpanch, Panchayati Secretary, Panchayati Members• Village Elders : Caste/Community/Religious Leaders, Teachers, Doctors, Engineers, Retired Army & Police Personnel• Govt. Deptl. Officers : Agriculture, Medical, Engineers (Housing, Roads & Buildings, Irrigation) Revenue Department, Public Health, Police etc. NGOs

DEFINITIONS OF “VULNERABILITY”

• “The extent to which a community, structure, service or geographic area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of particular disaster hazard…”

• “Vulnerability is the propensity of things to be damaged by a hazard”.

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

• Disaster preparedness aims at minimizing the adverse effects of a hazard -

• Through effective precautionary actions

• Ensure timely, appropriate and efficient organisation and delivery of emergency response following the impact of a disaster.

PREPAREDNESS• Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping to

include Resources.• Assess strengthening requirements and

execute.• Funding for preparedness must be

arranged.• Peoples’ cooperation through Political

leaders, elders, Volunteers and NGOs• Create lead time by interpreting Warnings• Plan to include movement of resources

with time frame.• Aim to reduce the destructive potential of

cyclones, timely & appropriate relief to victims and quick & durable recovery

Disaster Preparedness Framework

Rehearsals Public Education

and Training

Response Mechanisms

Warning Systems

Resource Base

Information System

Institutional Framework

PlanningVulnerability Assessment

COMPONENTS OF PREPAREDNESS

Disaster Response Activities

• Warning • Evacuation/Mitigation• Search and Rescue• Assessment• Emergency Relief• Logistics and Supply• Communication and information

Management • Survivor Response and coping• Security• EOC & coordination• Expedite rehabilitation and

reconstruction.

Floods and Water Hazards

Elements at Risk• Everything in

the flood plain.• Earthen or

soluble structures

• Buried services and utilities

• Food stores• Crops and

livestock

Main Mitigation Strategies.

• Land use control• Engineering of

strictures• Elevation of

structures• Flood control

structures• Reforestation

projects (watershed management)

Strong Winds

Elements at Risk

• Lightweight structures.

• Elevated utilities (Power and communication lines)

• Fishing boats and other maritime industries.

Main Mitigation Strategies.

• Structural engineering measures.

• Planting of windbreaks.