Digital Scholarly

Communication

@ Claremont CollegesAshley SandersPhD Candidate

DH Specialist

What Now?

1. Fast Trends (1-2 years):

Increasing focus on research data management

for publications

Prioritize mobile content & delivery

2. Mid-Range Trends (3-5 years):

Evolution of scholarly record

Increasing accessibility of research content

3. Long-Range Trends (5+ years):

Continual progress in technology, standards, and

infrastructure

New forms of multi-disciplinary research

Fast Trends: Research Data Management

and Mobile Content Delivery @Claremont

Suggestions

Structured data: Using URIs

to name digital objects and

link related resources.

Begin implementing now

but it is also a long-range

trend

Access to research

databases & data

visualizations

Integration of various media

in scholarly publishing

Mobile Apps

Resources & Examples

LOD for Newcomers:

http://documentingcappadocia.newmedialab.cuny.e

du/linked-data-for-the-uninitiated-part-1/

Visualizing historiography: http://clio.osu.edu/fhq/3d/

U-Mass Re-use & Re-distribution

Guidelines:http://www.library.umass.edu/service

s/services-for-faculty/data-management/data-

management-plan-guidance/re-use-and-re-

distribution/

University of

AZhttp://www.library.arizona.edu/help/how-do-

i/mobile#other

Mobile Brown University:

http://library.brown.edu/m/

1.

Visual  Historiography:  Visualizing  “The  Literature  of  a  Field”

David J. Staley, Associate Professor of History and Design, and Director, The Goldberg Center

The Ohio State University (staley.3@osu.edu)

Scot A. French, Associate Professor of History

University of Central Florida) (Scot.French@ucf.edu)

Bill Ferster, Research Professor University of Virginia (bferster@virginia.edu)

collaborators: Connie Lester, Daniel Murphree, Sarika Joshi (UCF)

Erin Tobin, Shauna Hann, Mitchell Shelton (OSU)

http://clio.osu.edu/fhq/3d/

The call for visualizing  “Big  Data”  has  generated  a  groundswell  of  interest  among  historians  and  humanities  scholars,  as  demonstrated  by  the  international  response  to  the  National  Endowment  for  the  Humanities’  2010  and  2011 Digging into Data challenges. Exemplary efforts from the first two rounds of projects suggest the great potential for visualizing large repositories of primary sources for historical insight. Our project treats a peer-reviewed scholarly journal – Florida Historical Quarterly, housed at the University of Central Florida – as a dataset to be analyzed and visualized. In applying macro-level reading and text-mining tools to the secondary literature of a scholarly field, we are making visible patterns of topical coverage. In this poster, we present the results of our case study. We machine-read over 1500 research articles across the entire 85 year run of the journal (1924-2009)  and  identified  the  top  100  key  terms.  (The  top  key  term  “Indian”  is  located  at  the  center of the visualization; the rest of the key term list expands out from the middle.) We then arrayed each of these key terms  according  to  the  number  of  times  the  key  term  appears  per  year    in  order  to  develop  a  “macro-reading”  of  the  journal. Key terms were identified using the Data For Research application developed by JSTOR. The key terms were determined using term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), a statistical measure of how important a word is in a given document. We have generated two such visualizations from this data: a 2-D chart and the same data as a 3-D interactive  “topology”  (the  latter  soon  to  be  “translated”  into  a  physical  sculpture.)

To  exploit  Paper  Machines’  capacity  for  quick  text  analysis  and  visualization,  we  constructed  a  shared, private Zotero library of FHQ articles, organized into subcollections by 10-year periods and selected editorial regimes. Assembling the collection took several weeks, as JSTOR imposes strict limits on the number of downloads.

We found the Paper Machines toolkit helpful in suggesting varied approaches to textual analysis but ultimately quite limited in its interpretive value.

Multiple Word Clouds – 10-Year Spans

Phrase Net - x’s  y

Topic Modeling By Time – Most Common

Heat Map

The Multiple Word Cloud feature seemed ideal for making at-a-glance comparisons of key words by time period (10-year blocks) and by editorial regime (Yonge era, 1925-1955, vs. Proctor era, 1965-95). Unfortunately the word clouds generated -- based on machine reading of unfiltered text -- revealed far too little noteworthy variation in key term frequency to generate meaningful observations/hypotheses about historiographical change over time. The inclusion of extraneous words (such as journal front matter) and the failure to recognize singular and plural variants (Indian/Indians) as sharing common base for purpose of words counts proved especially frustrating. Other tools generated more suggestive, if not conclusive, results.

Phrase Net allowed us to move beyond simple  word  counts  and  map  more  complex  word  pairings  known  as  ”regular  expressions.”  Seeing  high-frequency FHQ keywords within these phrases helped us to disambiguate those recognizable as proper  nouns,  such  as  “Osceola”  and  “Jackson,”  by  providing  associational context. For example, the phrase net tool allowed us to distinguish between Jackson as a place name (Jackson County, Fl.) and Jackson as the name of an historically significant individual (e.g., Andrew Jackson) who possessed something (an army). A full corpus search for the regular  expression  “x[‘s]y”  highlighted  numerous  phrases  indicating  relationships  of  possession  or  control.  Among  the  most  common returns for named individuals were civil and military leaders (Jackson, the Spanish explorer and conquistador Hernando  deSoto,  and  the  Seminole  leader  Osceola  chief  among  them)  as  well  as  unnamed  authority  figures  (“governor,”  “king,”  “queen,”  “majesty,”  “bishop”).  These  Phrase  Net  findings  suggest  a  cumulative editorial bias in FHQ toward colonial/antebellum  Florida  history  and  the  region’s  history/legacy  of  political  and  military  conquest.  

The Topic Modeling tool  generated  results  that  largely  confirmed  the  project  team’s  pre-machine-reading perceptions of the journal’s  content.  Ranked among “most  common”  topics,  with  relatively  stable  frequency  over  time,  were  these  topical  clusters: Civil War (confed, feder, regiment), Seminole Wars (fort, indian, seminole), and slavery and its racial legacy (slave, negro, free). The visual modeling of these topics added little informational value, however, as the graphic display revealed nothing about regime-sensitive changes in the presentation/interpretation of these perennial FHQ topics.

Data Visualizations

David J. Staley, Scott A.

French and Bill Ferster, “Visual

Historiography: Visualizing

‘The Literature of a Field’”,

Poster Presented at DH2013

and featured in JDH 3:1

(Spring 2014).

http://journalofdigitalhumanities

.org/3-1/visual-historiography-

visualizing-the-literature-of-a-

field/

1.

Access to Research Data

Sets

Source: Left: C. Tenopir Et Al. Plos One 6, E21101 (2011); Right:

Tenopir/Allard/Sandusky/Birch/NSF Dataone Project. In “Publishing Frontiers: The Library Reboot.”

http://www.nature.com/news/publishing-frontiers-the-library-reboot-1.12664

1.

Marketing

Scholarship@ClaremontScholarship@Claremont on Twitter

Link to it on the library home page

Invite faculty and students to do lightning talks

and longer interviews about their research

Create a YouTube stream to feature them and

embed it in the website

Showcase multimedia publications, interactive

digital projects & scholars’ websites

Host an “induction” ceremony each term for

scholars whose work has been added to the

database

*

Mid-Range Trends (3-5 years):

Evolution of Scholarly Record @Claremont

Suggestions

Access to grey literature

through

Scholarship@Claremont:

Conference proceedings,

white papers, lab reports,

etc.

Stay current on digital

publication trends to advise

administrators, faculty & grad

students.

Blogs, Twitter, &

Academia.edu

Digital scholarship

assessment:

Resources & Examples

Grey Lit Database:

http://www.greylit.org/

Innovating Communication in Scholarship (ICIS) @UC Davis:

http://icis.ucdavis.edu/?page_id=259

microBEnet: The Microbiology of the Built Environment:

http://microbe.net/

H-Net:

http://networks.h-net.org

2.

New Forms of Scholarly Communication &

Publication

The Orbis Project from Stanford: http://orbis.stanford.edu/. For more information, see:

JDH 1:3 http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/1-3/

2.

New Forms of Scholarly Communication &

Publication

2.

Other examples of digital scholarship

include:

Mapping the Republic of Letters (Stanford):

http://republicofletters.stanford.edu/

Shaping the West (Stanford):

https://web.stanford.edu/group/spatialhistory/cgi-

bin/site/project.php?id=997

Hypercities (UCLA): http://hypercities.ats.ucla.edu/

Van Gogh Letters (Van Gogh Museum):

http://www.vangoghletters.org/vg/

Long-Range Trends (5+ years):

Technology, Standards and Infrastructure@Claremont

Suggestions

Re-envisioning library

services

Maker-spaces

DH Lab

Virtual meeting & research

collaboration platforms

Facilitating multidisciplinary

research

Demo such research

Create interactive spaces

Host intercollegiate

networking opportunities

Resources & Examples

GVSU Tech Showcase:

http://www.gvsu.edu/techshowcase/

LMU|LA Library:

http://library.lmu.edu/usingthelibrary/spaces/#d.en.90115

Scholars’ Lab Maker Space @ UVA:

http://scholarslab.org/makerspace/

Heurist Collaborative Digital Workspace

http://heuristnetwork.org/

3.

The Early Days of H-Net

Listserv

H-Net Today:

The Commons

H-Net Project Types

Supporting Claremont

Experience with multiple platforms, technologies, and projects in diverse disciplines

Training scholars to re-conceptualize the digital environment

Facilitating digital scholarship, data visualization, and publication

Guiding collaborative, multi-disciplinary projects in a digital space

Building digital repositories and conducting workshops on metadata, copyright, and digitization best practices

Marketing in a university setting

Charting new territory

@Claremont

We need to know about:

How faculty and students use current resources

Users’ “wish lists”

Marketing to point users to resources

Technology trends

Changing copyright and intellectual property laws

Community collaboration

Revenue streams

Challenges Potential Solutions

Embedding libraries in the curriculum Coordinate with departments to train faculty how

to integrate information & digital literacy in their

courses

Capturing & archiving the digital outputs of

research as collection material

Continue to expand the data captured, archived,

and made accessible through

Scholarship@Claremont.

Competition from alternative avenues of

discovery

• Student and faculty instruction

• Developing intuitive and efficient digital

workflows

• Meet users where they’re at – social media,

mobile apps, and integrated searchable

databases (like Sherlock)

• Content tailoring and suggestions for source

discovery

Embracing the need for radical change Work with local government officials, community

and business leaders to stay abreast of

emerging technology trends and form

partnerships to extend library services and

access to technology

Maintaining ongoing integration, interoperability

and collaborative projects

Build strategic partnerships with other libraries

and the OCLC to offer integrated services and

an interoperable system with access to

aggregated sources and resources.

Technology Developments and

ImplicationsTechnology Implications

Electronic Publishing E-publishing workflows, storage

capacity, linking research and digital

publication, as well as software tools to

visualize e-pubs and complex data

Mobile Apps Resource discovery, library orientation,

annotation, and guidance through the

research process

Bibliometrics and Citation

Technologies, including

Altmetrics

Advance the impact of Claremont

scholars’ work to stay on the cutting

edge of research and garner further

funding

Open Content Changing role of librarians in creating

and advising on OER projects (i.e.

selecting & documenting relevant,

credible open content)

Internet of Things Inventory management and UX in real-

time & physical spaces

Semantic Web & Linked

Data

Library catalog metadata need to be

interoperable part of semantic web &