digital libary research out put

8/6/2019 Digital Libary Research Out Put

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HEC NATIONAL DIGITAL LIBRARYThe National Digital Library (NDL) program launched in 2003 is one of the main

achievements of the HEC. This program provides students, faculty and researchers

with access to international scholarly literature based on electronic (online) delivery.

The facility is a part of the HEC strategy to address the information needs of

researchers/students in institutions across Pakistan. It provides access to high class

peer-reviewed journals, databases, books and articles in a variety of disciplines. The

great promise of the digital library is the capability it offers for scholars from

Pakistan to develop a bond of human interaction with other students and researchers

from around the globe

Today the National Digital Library is accessible by approximately 400 institutions.

The eligibility for access to the information resources is exclusively for institutes

recognized by the Higher Education Commission i.e. Public and Private

Universities and Degree Awarding Institutes (DAIs). Furthermore, R & D

organizations, NGOs, and as well as not-for-profit organizations where primary

focus is on either education or research are also provided limited access to the e-

resources through HEC Digital Library. For more details on eligibility please visitwww.digitallibrary.edu.pk/eligibility.html

Featuresof theNationalDigitalLibraryProgram(NDLP)HighlyCentralizedConsortiumFor a nation that

is facing huge economic challenges, it seems to be an insurmountable obstacle to secure

PERiiResources(16)

IEEE(33)

Elsevier(30)

IOP

ISIWoS

JSTOR

ScienceOnline

ACS

ACM

APS,

ASME,

AIP,

ASCE

AMS

Ebrary

McGrawHill

Wiley-Interscience

ESDU(27)

NaturePublishing

Misc(adversing,

Commercial HEC


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huge loads of funds that are required to provide such sought-after e-contents to its

academic and research institutions. This challenge was overcome due to two factors.

First the funding was provided completely by the government in order to sustain the

initiative. Second, a tight centralized consortium was formed where all negotiations

and payments are made at single office i.e. HEC. It serves both HEC and the

publishers very well. Publishers gets the volume sales they are usually after like

substantial amount of subscribing institutions on the other hand HEC gets huge

discounts from the publishers that considerably reduces the overall costs which

institutions are forced to pay had they handle it themselves.

The figure here shows comparative discounts that HEC gets from some of the

publishers.

Electronic databaseThrough various Electronic databases NDL provides access to its member

institutions. The number of full-text journals provided is close to 15,000 and covers

multiple disciplines including:

Subject specific and multi disciplinary resources Medicine, social sciences and humanities Scholarly database for reference searching.

For a complete list of e-journals (databases) please visit

www.digitallibrary.edu.pk/resources.php

Electronic booksTo compliment its collection of e-journals, Digital library has also acquired access to

a wider variety of e-books collections. Over 60,000 e-books are available to HEC

Digital Library members. This include e-books from the following platforms.

McGraw Hill Ebrary


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SpringerFor a complete list of e-books (databases) please visit

www.digitallibrary.edu.pk/books.php


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British Library Document Supply CentreDigital Library has been providing requisite articles, which are not available in thee-resources of HEC Digital Library, through an understanding with British

Library. Until early 2008 these requesting documents were being supplied in print

format which usually took approximately 2 weeks to be delivered. Since March 2008

Digital Library started the electronic delivery of these documents from British

Library. The delivery time has been reduced from 2 weeks to 1-2 days. This

arrangement helps a great deal as the researchers in Pakistan can benefit from huge

resources of British Library. It provides access to documents from a database of

over 20,000 key research journals, to article title level. Plus, over 16,000 conferencesare added each year.

Open Access Resource Beside the subscriptions of e-journals and e-books some quality resources are

available through Open Access. These resources are freely available and unlike

subscribed resources, require no special arrangements for access. Digital Library is

always evaluating these resources and adding them under Open Access on its website.Other linksOther links include PAK Research Repository, IEEE Computer Society, C&EN

for ACS Members, Scientific Search, Engines, Free Medical Journals, SciDev.NetTrainingsTo ensure that its member institutions are properly utilizing e-resources, Digital

Library conducts various trainings across Pakistan. Initially the trainings were

focused on the e-journals. However, from 2007 trainings programme on e-books has

been initiated as well. Digital Library resources persons visit universities/institutions

to conduct these sessions.

Digital Library 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010


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Table 1.1

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2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

ResearchOutputfromPakistan

20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09 2010Publications 815 948 1038 1306 1759 24 94 3639 4013 4651


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Market shareDue to the efforts of HEC, Pakistans market share of world publication has

increased rapidly from 0.1 % in 2002 to 0.21% in 2009.

% of Region % of World2002 0.61 0.12003 0.58 0.112004 0.6 0.112005 0.66 0.142006 0.72 0.172007 0.76 0.182008 0.80 0.202009 0.81 0.21

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The download patterns shown above reveal that all institutions across Pakistan areextensively utilizing the e-contents for their research work. The research work is

produced in the form of research publications. For determining premium research

publications the databases ofWeb of Scienceare utilized.

To further investigate which type of institutions are contributing what to the national

research output, a snapshot of the publications produced in the year 2010 was taken

into consideration. The collection and compilation of data revealed that academic

institutions are making the most out of the support extended by Higher EducationCommission. Here, the publication share of the year 2010 is being drawn out.

Pakistan (All Types) 4651Academic Institutions 3764 80.92%

Others 888 19.09%


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Published ItemsFor an in-depth analysis of the history of research output originating from Pakistan,

a comparison between eight years prior to HEC and a similar time span since HEC

was carried out. The output was a revelation, as a true picture of impact of HEC on

the research culture of Pakistan was emerged.

For the Pre-HEC nine-year period (1993-2001), a total of 5,548 articles were

published whereas during the post-HEC nine-year period (2002-2010), a total of

20,663 articles were published. This reflects a staggering increase of over 270% sinceHEC started to revamp tertiary education in Pakistan.

19 94 19 95 19 96 19 97 19 98 19 99 2000 2001 2002 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09 20 10

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1993 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 2010

Pre - HEC Post - HEC


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Publications 518 620 599 629 668 682 638 636 815 948 103 8 1306 1759 24 94 3639 4013 46 51

Research Patterns in the Universities In the past 4 years the research environment started to grow in the universities

across Pakistan. Digital Library played a pivotal role for this activity by providing

quality scholarly resources to the universities. A quick look at the Table 1.2 shows

that the increase in the research output by the universities has been sharply increasing

in this duration.

Top Research Conducting Universities/Institutions 2007 - 2010(Minimum 50 publications)

Universities/DAIs 2007 2008 2009 2010


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1. Quaid-e-Azam University,Islamabad 409 544 545 5482. Aga Khan University, Karachi 186 311 345 4163. University of Karachi, Karachi 276 419 365 3874. University of The Punjab, Lahore 162 278 269 3525. University of Agriculture,Faisalabad 252 310 372 3406. COMSATS Institute ofInformation Technology,Islamabad 92 149 199 2377. Govt. College University, Lahore 97 154 282 2308. University of Sargodha,Sargodha 38 115 151 1749. National University of Science &Technology, Islamabad 48 92 114 15010. University of Peshawar,Peshawar 77 97 131 13711. Bahauddin Zakariya University,Multan 50 92 123 13312. PMAS University of AridAgriculture, Rawalpindi 49 87 83 11313. DOW University of HealthSciences, Karachi 11 49 55 9414. Pakistan Institute of Engg &Applied Sciences, Islamabad 54 73 70 8815. University of Sind, Jamshoro 59 105 96 8616. Islamia University, Bahawalpur 22 40 75 8417.

NWFP Agricultural University,Peshawar 20 29 46 82

18. University of Engineering &Technology, Lahore 38 55 52 7919. Govt. College University,Faisalabad 0 0 8 7620. University of Veterinary &Animal Sciences, Lahore 11 26 101 7121. Lahore University of ManagementSciences, Lahore 19 27 42 6422. Kohat University of Science &Technology, Kohat 6 23 26 63


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Pre-HEC Established Universities/DAIsPost-HEC Established Universities/DAIs

Table 1.2In the Table 1.2, out of the mentioned Top 39 institutions 18 were established priorto HEC was formed while the rest of 20 institutions were established after HEC was

23. Hazara University, Dodhial 0 17 22 5524. Federal Urdu University of Arts,Science & Technology,Islamabad 7 26 31 5225. University of Baluchistan, Quetta 28 40 53 4926. Liaquat University of Medical &Health Sciences, Jamshoro 6 9 17 4827. International Islamic University,Islamabad 5 21 22 4728. GIK Institute of EngineeringScience & Technology, Topi 16 46 36 4529. Lahore College for WomenUniversity, Lahore 7 19 19 4330. Gomal University , D.I.Khan 12 24 32 3831. Ziauddin Medical University,Karachi 7 24 21 3732. University of Azad Jammu &Kashmir 13 15 16 3533. Allama Iqbal Open University,Islamabad 9 12 9 3234. University of Malakand,Chakdara 6 9 15 3135. University of Health Sciences,Lahore 5 14 12 2536. Baqai Medical University,Karachi 11 22 14 2437. King Edward Medical University,Lahore 12 23 16 2438. University of Engineering &Technology, Taxila 13 15 16 2139. Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam 12 18 17 17


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formed. This overwhelmingly reflects that the new universities/DAIs sprouting up in

the country, are ready for the task and bridging the gap between themselves and the

more established institutions in leaps and bounds. It will be interesting to carry out a

similar analysis in next 2-3 years to see how the new and older institutions stack up

in terms of producing research publications with similar criteria.

The research output from established universities from 2007 to 2010 was like this

Universities/DAIs1. Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad 409 544 545 5482. Aga Khan University, Karachi 186 311 345 4163. University of Karachi, Karachi 276 419 365 3874. University of The Punjab, Lahore 162 278 269 3525. University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 252 310 372 3406. University of Peshawar, Peshawar 77 97 131 1377. Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 50 92 123 1338. University of Sind, Jamshoro 59 105 96 86

9. Islamia University, Bahawalpur 22 40 75 8410. NWFP Agricultural University,

Peshawar 20 29 46 82

11. University of Engineering & Technology,Lahore

38 55 52 79

12. Lahore University of Management Sciences,Lahore

19 27 42 64

13. University of Baluchistan, Quetta 28 40 53 4914. GIK Institute of Engineering Science &

Technology, Topi16 46 36 45

15. Gomal University, D.I.Khan 12 24 32 3816. University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir 13 15 16 3517. Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 9 12 9 3218. University of Engineering & Technology,

Taxila13 15 16 21

19. Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 12 18 17 17


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While the new universities fared against their established counterpart in the sameduration like this

Universities/DAIs 2007 2008 2009 20101. COMSATS Institute of Information

Technology, Islamabad 92 149 199 237

2. Govt. College University, Lahore 97 154 282 2303. University of Sargodha, Sargodha 38 115 151 1744. National University of Science &

Technology, Islamabad 48 92 114 150

5. PMAS University of Arid Agriculture,Rawalpindi

49 87 83 113

6. DOW University of Health Sciences,Karachi

11 49 55 94

7. Pakistan Institute of Engg & AppliedSciences, Islamabad

54 73 70 88

8. Govt. College University, Faisalabad 0 0 8 769. University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences,

Lahore11 26 101 71

10. Kohat University of Science & Technology,Kohat

6 23 26 63

11. Hazara University, Dodhial 0 17 22 5512. Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science &

Technology, Islamabad7 26 31 52

13. Liaquat University of Medical & Health

Sciences, Jamshoro 6 9 17 48

14. International Islamic University,Islamabad

5 21 22 47

15. Lahore College for Women University,Lahore

7 19 19 43

16. Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi 7 24 21 3717. University of Malakand, Chakdara 6 9 15 3118. University of Health Sciences,

Lahore5 14 12 25

19. Baqai Medical University, Karachi 11 22 14 2420. King Edward Medical University,Lahore 12 23 16 24

Total


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The comparison above is an indicator of the contributions of the academic

institutions, both old and new, towards the overall research output from the country.

While the older institutions are churning out steady numbers, the newly established institutions are producing exponentially increasing numbers and catching up fast on

their senior counterparts. This forms a healthy competitive environment within the

academic community of the country where everybody wins. This has been the impact

that HEC is imprinted on the academic and research culture of Pakistan in a short

spam of nine years. The decades of neglect has been significantly wiped out during

these nine years and have aligned the country to compete with far more developed

countries than Pakistan. It is imperative that efforts of Higher Education

Commission are very well supported, especially by the Government of Pakistan, toempower its people and make them drive the engine of socio-economic development for

the prosperity of the country.

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