digestive system
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TRANSCRIPT
Digestive system
Human nutritionEnergy
Activity Look in the library for the book Human
biology, by Sylvia S. Mader. Go to the chapter 9 page 151, and by
teams you must resume the next information:– Description of the organ– Function of the organ– Rol in nutrition (digestion or absortion)– What nutrients it´s related whit the organ
Basic structure of the digestive system
MouthPharynxEsophagusStomachSmall IntestineGlands
– Liver– Gallblader– Pancreas
Large IntestineRectumAnus
Basic structure of the digestive system
Nutrition Digestion
– Is the chemical or mechanical process, where you break big molecules into small ones.
Absorption– Incorporate the nutrients inside of the body
NutritionNutriens Funtion
Where you found
Absortion for our body
CarbohydratesMain Energy as
Gloucose
Fruits, cereal grains and legumes
Mouth, Stomach, small
intestine
LipidsEnergy Reserve
as Fats, insulation
Corn oil, Olive oil, or
polyunsaturated fat.
Small intestine, Liver
Proteins
Essential Amino acids
Synthesis of proteins
Animal proteins as
Muscles
Stomach, Small intestine
Vitamins and Minerals
Metabolic functions
Differents type of foods
Small and large intestine
Minerals
Mineral Significan sources
Functions in the body
Deficiency syptoms
Symptoms
Calcium Milk and milk products
Principal minerals of bones and teeth
Stunted growth in children, osteoporosis
Excess calcium is excreted
Magnesium Nuts, legumes, whole grains, sea food, chocolate
Bone mineralization, protein synthesis, enzyme action, nerve transmision
Weakness, confusion, depresed pancreatic hormone secretion, muscle spasm
Not known
Iodine Iodized salt, sea food
Part of thyroxine, which regulates metabolism
Goiter, cretinism Very high intakes depress thyroid activity
Iron Beef, fish, poultry, shellfish, eggs, legumes, dried fruits
Hemoglobin formation, energy utilization
Anemia: weakness, pallor, headechs, reduced resistance to infection
Iron overload, infection, liver injury
zinc Protein-containing foods, meat, fish, poultry, grain, vegetables
Part of many enzymes, insuline, genetic material
Grown failure in children, delayed development of sexul organs
Fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Vitamin Significan sources
Functions in the body
Deficiency syptoms
Symptoms
Vitamin A Milk, margarine, cream, cheess, eggs, dark vegetables and vegetables
Vision, growth and tissue repair, reproduction, bone formation, cancer proteccion, Hormone synthesis
Night blindness, susceptibility to infection, abnormal tooth and jaw alligment, eye problem
Red blood cells breakage, nosebleeds, abdominal cramp, nausea, diarrhea.
Vitamin D Self synthesis with sun light, milk, margarine, cream, cheess, eggs
Calcium and phosphorus metabolism
Osteomalacia in adults, soft bones
Raised blood calcium, constipation, weight loss, nausea kidney stone
Vitamin E Vegetables oils, vegetables, wheat germen, Milk, margarine, cream, cheess, eggs
Protects red blood cells, antioxidantes
Muscle wasting, weakness, anemia
Interference with anticlotting medication, general discomfort
Vitamin K Liver, green vegetables and milk
Bacterial synthesis in digestive tract
Hemorrhagin Interference with anticlotting medication, may cause jaundice
Vitamins
Vitamins
Vitamin Significan sources
Functions in the body
Deficiency syptoms
Symptoms
Thiamin Riboflavin B6 & B12
Meat, liver, fish, whole grains pasta, legums, oates Milk, dark green vegetables yogurt, cottage cheese shellfish
Helps enzymes realease metabolic proces and nervous system function, normal visión formation of blood cell and genetic material
Beriberi, edema, heart irregularity, mental confusion, Eye problems, skin disorden, Nervous disorden, anemia, kidney stones
Rapid pulse, weakness, headaches, isomia, irratability
Niacin Meat, eggs, poultry fish, milkbread, cereal, nuts.
Helps enzymes release energy from;, nerves and digestive system
Pellagra, loss of appetite, dizziness, indigestion.
Flushing, nausea, cramp, ulcer irritation, low blood pressure
Vitamin C Citruit fruits, tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, lettuce, cantaloupe, strawberry, mangos, papayas
Synthesis of collageno, antioxidant, strengthens, resistans to infections, iron absortion
Scurvy, anemia, Artherosclerotic, frequent infection, lossing teeth, muscle, degeneration, bone fragility.
Nausea, Abdominal cramp, diarrhea, genetic disorder
New food pyramidhttp://www.mypyramid.gov
Digestion begins in the mouth. The mouth contains saliva and an
enzyme called salivary amylase, which begins the process of digestion of starch.
Teeth chew food and the tongue forms it into a bolus for swallow
The Mouth and teethThe Mouth and teeth
The pharynx and esophagusThe pharynx and esophagus
The pharynx an esophagus are for food passage to the stomach.
Peristalsis is a contraction that pushes the food along the digestive tract, which happens in the esophagus.
There is a sphincter between the esophagus and the stomach.
The StomachThe Stomach
The stomach can expand to accommodate food.
When food is present the stomach churns, mixing food with gastric juice.
The juice contains the enzyme pepsin with digest proteins.
The stomach empties in about 2-6 hours.
When food leaves the stomach it is liquid.
Small IntestineSmall Intestine
Is about 6 to 7 m in length. Bile emulsifies fat and
facilitates absorption of nutrients (sugars) an the lymphatic system (fats).
After nutrients are absorbed they are carried to all cells of the body through the bloodstream.
The liver, pancreas The liver, pancreas and gallbladderand gallbladder The pancreas produces
panchreatic juice, which has enzymes for digestion of food.
Liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder.