Diffusion of latest technologies in farming community

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Muhammad Zeeshan Nazar 01Usman Ali 03Ghulam Murtaza 14Shujaat Hussain 41Waqas Qaiser 45

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Diffusion and Innovation in Agriculture SectorTopic

Diffusion???Diffusion is the process in which the spread of new innovation (techniques ,practices and methods) in both a social and geographical sense by communication channels among the members of a social system.

An innovation is an idea, practice, or object that is perceived as new by an individual or other unit of adoption where Innovation and technology are used synonyms.

Innovation

Diffusions Characteristics?? Diffusion to maximum level takes time (sometimes a long time). The maximum level of adoption will rarely be 100% (or even close to 100%) Rates of adoption vary between different innovations. Rates of adoption of the same innovation vary between locations. Start time of adoption can vary between locations.

Rice Transplanting

Old MethodLatest Method

Elements in Diffusion ???

InnovationCommunication ChannelsOver timeSocial system

Diffusion

Innovation???

An innovation is an idea, practice, or object that is perceived as new by an individual or other unit of adoption where Innovation and technology are used synonyms. Diffusion 1st ElementInnovators:Innovators are the first individuals to adopt an innovation

Early Adopters This is second fastest category of individuals who adopt an innovation.

Early Majority Individuals in this category adopt an innovation after a varying degree of time.

Individuals in this category will adopt an innovation after the average member of the society.

Individuals in this category are the last to adopt an innovation

Main stages of innovation

Needs/ ProblemsResearch (Basic and Applied)DevelopmentCommercializationDiffusion and AdoptionConsequences

Communication channels??Diffusion is a particular type of communication in which the information that is exchanged is concerned with new ideas.The principle of the diffusion process is the information exchange by which one individual communicates a new idea to one or several others.

Diffusion 2nd Element

Face-to-FaceBroadcast MediaWritten Communication

Time?? (Chronemics)Time is an important element in the diffusion process. In fact, most other behavioral science research is timeless in the sense that the time dimension is simply ignored.

Mostly adoption rate increases with time.

Diffusion 3rd Element

Social system??Social system defined as a set of interrelated units that are engaged in joint problem solving to accomplish a common goal.

The members of social system may be units of a social system may be individuals, informal groups, organizations, and/or subsystems.

Diffusion 4th Element

The Adoption Decision Process

Reasons for Adoption of TechnologyThese farmers are progressive farmers. They believe on science and technology.

Education: They went to school. They know how to read and write (most are men).

Age group: They are young, less than 40 years old.

Recognition of saving money and health.

Reasons for not adoption of technologyBarriers

Farmers did not believe because it was new to them.

They worried of low yield Low education

They have not yet seen the demonstration fields.

Impact of Technological Innovation in Agriculture

Major Technological Advancements in Agriculture

Agricultural Mechanization

Hybridization

Biotechnology

Tunnel Farming

Hybrids can have up to 25 percent higher yield. Disease ResistanceStress ResistanceHybrid Vigor

HybridizationHybridization is the technique of introducing characters of two desirable plants into a single offspring by means of artificial pollination.http://www.gardenguides.com/87905-hybrid-vs-non-hybrid-seeds.html

Agricultural MechanizationIt is the process of using agricultural machinery to mechanise the work of agriculture, greatly increasing farm worker productivity.Advantage

Saves time/Work Reduces labor Efficient and effective Work forLonger hours Work over much larger area

Technology and Agriculturewww.youtube.com

Includes a range of tools that scientists employ to understand and manipulate the genetic make-up of organisms for use in the production or processing of agricultural products.Agricultural biotechnology

Atunnel is a building in which plantsare grown with perfect climatic conditions by capturing sun rays.Advantage???For growing off-season crops.Minimize the duration of research work.High quality products.Maximum returns.Tunnel Farming

Advantage Of Innovations

SuggestionsFarmers Education Loan provisionSubsidiesProper Extensionist work