Differentials

INFLAMMATORY

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

• History of cough• Chest X-ray findings• (+) PPD test

NEOPLASM

Primary Tumors

• Thyroid mass• Lymphoma• Salivary tumors• Lipoma

• Carotid body and glomus tumors

• Neurogenic tumors

Metastasis Location according to Various Primary Lesions

LUNG CANCER

Non-Small Cell• The most common type of lung cancer. It usually grows

and spreads more slowly than small cell lung cancer.

• There are three forms of NSCLC: Adenocarcinomas are often found in an outer area of

the lung. Squamous cell carcinomas are usually found in the

center of the lung by an air tube (bronchus). Large cell carcinomas can occur in any part of the lung.

They tend to grow and spread faster than the other two types.

Small Cell• Most cases arise in the larger airways (primary and

secondary bronchi) and grow rapidly, becoming quite large.

• The small cells contain dense neurosecretory granules (vesicles containing neuroendocrine hormones), which give this tumor an endocrine/paraneoplastic syndrome association.

• While initially more sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation, it is often metastatic at presentation, and ultimately carries a worse prognosis.