different tools on drrm and cca

8/22/2019 Different Tools on DRRM and CCA

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Different tools for MainstreamingDRRM/CCA into Local Planning

Process


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Outline of Presentation

GIS

Vulnerability and AdaptationAssessment (V and AA)

Community-Based Disaster Risk

Reduction and Management


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GIS?


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GIS is computer-based mapping

is an organized collection of computerhardware, software, geographic data, andpersonnel designed to efficiently capture,store, update, manipulate, analyze and

display all forms of geographically-referenced data and information towardsdecision making

software

Software

Data

Hardware

Procedur

eUsers

GIS


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GIS Functions

software

Database

Management

DataManipulation

& Analysis

UserInterface

Database

Creation &Entry Display &

ProductGeneration

GIS


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Database Management

Data Manipulation and Analysis

Display and Product Generation

Database Creation/Entry

User Interface

GIS Functions


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GIS is mapping with adifference


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What is a map?

A map represents geographic features orother spatial phenomena by graphicallyconveying information about locationsand attributes.


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What is location?

Location describes the position ofparticular geographic features on the

Earth's surface, as well as the spatialrelationship between features, such as theshortest path from your house to thehospital, the proximity of competing

businesses (e.g. Jollibee andMcDonalds),and so on.


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What is attribute?

Attribute describes characteristics of thegeographic features represented, such as

the feature type, its name or number andquantitative information such as its areaor length. For example, roads, barangays,rivers others


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Thus the basic objective of

mapping is to

Provide descriptions of

geographic phenomena.


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Map Features

Locational information is usuallyrepresented by points for features such as

dwelling unit and telephone polelocations, lines for features such asstreams, pipelines and contour lines andareas for features such as lakes, counties

and census tracts.


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Point feature

A point feature represents a singlelocation. It defines a map object too small

to show as a line or area feature. Asymbol or label usually depicts a pointlocation.


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Point Feature


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Line feature

A line feature is a set of connected,ordered coordinates representing the

linear shape of a map object that may betoo narrow to display as an area such asa road or feature with no width such as acontour line.


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Line Feature

What are the possible line feature here?


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Area feature

An area feature is a closed figure whose

boundary encloses a homogeneous area,

such as land use, soil type or lake.


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Area Feature

What are the possible area feature here?


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Scale

To show a portion of the Earth's surface ona map, the scale must be sufficiently

adjusted to cover the objective. Mapscale or the extent of reduction isexpressed as a ratio.


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Maps and Scales

What does 1:50,000 scale mean?

It means that 1cm on the paper

map corresponds to 50,000 cm

on the ground

50,000 cm = 500 m = 0.5 km


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Types of Informationin a Digital Map

Geographic information, which providesthe position and shapes of specific

geographic features.Attribute information, which provides

additional non-graphic information abouteach feature.

Display information, which describes howthe features will appear on the screen.


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Maps and Map Analysis

Maps can be broadly classified

into two groups:

1.Topographical maps

2.Thematic maps


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Topographical Map

It is a reference map showing the outline of

selected man-made and natural features of

the earth. It often acts as a frame for otherfeatures

Topography refers to the shape of surface

represented by contours or shading. It also

shows lands, roads and other prominentfeatures.


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Topographical Map


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Thematic maps

Thematic maps are an important sourceof GIS information. These are tools to

communicate geographical conceptssuch as Density of population, Climate,movement of goods and people, landuse etc. It has many classifications.


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Thematic Map


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Geographic Data Types:Data and Information

Although the two terms, data andinformation, are often used indiscriminately,

they both have a specific meaning. Data canbe described as different observations, whichare collected and stored. Information is thatdata, which is useful in answering queries orsolving a problem. Digitizing a large numberof maps provides a large amount of data

after hours of painstaking works, but the datacan only render useful information if it is usedin analysis.


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Spatial and Non-spatial data

Geographic data are organized in ageographic database. This database can

be considered as a collection of spatiallyreferenced data that act as a model ofreality. There are two importantcomponents of this geographicdatabase: its geographic position and its

attributes or properties. In other words,spatial data (where is it?) and attributedata (what is it?)


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Attribute Data

The attribute table contains thedescriptions about the feature i.e.

barangay described in terms of area andpopulation.

Barangay Area PopulationDos 35 sq. Km. 75,341Tres 35 sq. Km. 57,086Quattro 11 sq. Km. 2,952


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Spatial data

Geographic position refers to the fact thateach feature has a location that must be

specified in a unique way i.e. coordinatesystem is used.


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(GEP) GIS Encoding andProcessing

Earth features are coded in GIS

as points, lines or polygons


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What is Remote Sensing? Collection of data about an object from a

distance

With an aide of an eye, sense of smell and hearing

Earth scienctists, use to monitor or measurephenomena in the earth

Geographers, use to received and recordinformation thru a remote sensor

Foresters, forest cover maps and measuring

quantities of trees harvested Road engineers, locating possible access roads


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(GEP) GIS Encoding andProcessing

REMOTE SENSINGSATELLITE SENSOR

ATMOSPHERE

EARTH FEATURES

RECEIVING

STATION

INTERPRETATION

USERS


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PRODUCTS OF REMOTE SENSING:

SATELLITE IMAGES


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Satellite Images


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Aerial Photo


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Aerial Photo


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What is GPS?


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Global Positioning System


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Vulnerability andAdaptation

Assessment


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Background

Why local governments/cities should conduct V&A

assessment?

To satisfy reportorial requirements/commitments both to the national and globallevels

To generate critical information andknowledge to define priority adaptationactions and mitigation strategies

To be able to leverage technical and

financial resources To put forward the role of local governments and

cities in the national/global discourse on CC


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The V&A assessment

FrameworkExposure

Adaptive CapacitySensitivity

City Climate

ChangeVulnerability

Vulnerability = f (Exposure, Sensitivity, Adaptive Capacity)

Pl i f DRR/CCA Th F


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Planning for DRR/CCA: The Four-

phased process...


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Definition of Key Concepts

Vulnerability- is the degree to which a system issusceptible to, or unable to cope with, adverse

effects of climate change, including climatevariability and extremes.

Vulnerability is a function of the character,

magnitude, and rate of climate variation to which asystem is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptivecapacity (IPCC)


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Key Concepts

Exposure - is what is at risk from climatechange (e.g. population, resources, property)and the change in climate itself (e.g. sea level

rise, temperature, precipitation, extremeevents).

Sensitivity - is the biophysical effect ofclimate change which also considers the

socioeconomic context of the system beingassessed


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Definition of Key Concepts

Adaptive Capacity- is the ability of a system toadjust to climate change (including climatevariability and extremes) to moderate

potential damages, to take advantage ofopportunities, or to cope with theconsequences. The IPCC Third AssessmentReport outlines that it is a function of wealth,

technology, institutions, information,infrastructure, social capital.

Over all Process Flow


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Over-all Process Flow


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The Bottom Line... Identify the relationship of the risks and

hazards with recipient subject

Indentify vulnerability at various levels:individual, household, village,ecosystem,sub-basin, basin, national

Informed Decision

Making!

2020 and 2050 under A1B scenario over Philippines


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DJF_2020

MAM_2020 MAM_2050

DJF_2050

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CA

RAGA

ARMM

REGION

Temperature

(C)

2020

2050

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

C

ARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Temperature(C)

2020

2050

Projections formean tempare likely toincrease by

0.9 - 1.1 oC in2020

&1.7 - 2.2 oC in

2050.


0.9 - 1.2 oC in2020

&1.9 - 2.3 oC in

2050.



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1.0 - 1.3 oC in2020

&2.1 - 2.6 oC in

2050.


0.9 - 1.2 oC in2020

&1.8 - 2.2 oC in

2050.

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

C

ARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Temperature(C)

2020

2050

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Tempera

ture(C)

2020

2050

SON_2020

JJA_2050JJA_2020

SON_2050

Projected Change in Seasonal Mean Temperature


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0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Temperature

(C)

2020

2050

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Temperature(C)

2020

2050

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Temperature(C)

2020

2050

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Temperature(C)

2020

2050

DJF MAM

JJA SON

in the Philippines

Projections for mean temp are likely to increase by 0.9 - 1.2 oC by 2020 & from 1.72.6 oC by2050.

Projected Change in Annual Mean Temperature Relative o the Period 1971-2000 B d SRES A1B


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0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.02.5

3.0

3.5

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Temperature(C)

2020

2050

2000 Based on SRES A1B

REGION

2020 (2006-2035) 2050 (2036-2065)

DJF MAM JJA SON ANN DJF MAM JJA SON ANN

Region 1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.1

CAR 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 1.8 2.0

Region 2 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.9 2.0 2.4 1.8 2.0

Region 3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.0

Region 4 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.8 2.1 2.3 1.9 2.0

NCR 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.1

Region 5 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.7 2.1 2.3 1.8 2.0

Region 6 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.1

Region 7 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.7 2.2 2.4 2.0 2.1

Region 8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.5 2.0 2.0

Region 9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.9 2.3 2.6 2.2 2.2

Region 10 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.1 2.1

Region 11 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.1

Region 12 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.1

CARAGA 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.0

ARMM 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.2

Projected Changes

in Annual MeanTemperature (C)

0.9 to 1.1 in 2020 and2.0 to 2.2 in 2050

in the Philippines

Projected changes in future climates in Rainfall for2020 d 2050 d A1B i Phili i


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DJF_2020 DJF_2050

MAM_2020 MAM_2050

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

C

ARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Percent

(%)

2020

2050

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Percent(%)

2020

2050

Projections forSeasonal Mean

Rainfall

ranges from

-0.1 to 24.5%in 2020

&-12.5 to 18.2%

in 2050.


Rainfallranges from

-17.8 to 7.3%in 2020

&-34.5 to 4.4%

in 2050.

Projected changes in future climates in Rainfall for2020 d 2050 d A1B i Phili i


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-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Percent(%)

2020

2050

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

C

ARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Percen

t(%)

2020

2050


Rainfall

ranges from

-7.5 to 22.2%in 2020

&-10.8 to 44.6%

in 2050.


Rainfall

ranges from

-11.4 to 20.6%in 2020

&-7.0 to 20%

in 2050.

SON_2020 SON_2050

JJA_2020 JJA_2050

Projected Change in Seasonal MeanRainfall in the Philippines


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Rainfall in the Philippines

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Percent(%

)

2020

2050

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Percent(%

)

2020

2050

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Percent(%)

2020

2050

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

R01

CAR

R02

R03

R04

NCR

R05

R06

R07

R08

R09

R10

R11

R12

CARAGA

ARMM

REGION

Percent(%)

2020

2050

DJF MAM

JJA SON

The drier seasons of March-May will become drier still,while the wetter seasons of June- August and September-November become wetter.

A downward trend is likely in Mindanao as indicated in the reduction in seasonal rainfall in MAM, JJA and SON by

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS (PRECIS)


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The mean seasonal temperatures are expected to rise byabout 0.9C to 1.4C for 2020 and 1.7 C to 2.4 C by 2050.

Projection of seasonal temporal rainfall variation is largest (-35 % to 45%) during the seasons of MAM and JJA.

Meanwhile projection of seasonal temporal rainfallvariation is lesser (-0.5 % to 25%) during the seasons of DJFand SON.

The highest increase in rainfall during southwest monsoonseason (JJA) is likely in Region 01 (44%), CAR (29%), Region03 (34%), Region 04 (24%) and Region 05 (24%) in 2050.

The model indicated that climate change will probablylead to an active southwest monsoon in Luzon and Visayasas evident in future increases in rainfall which is more

pronounced in JJA and becoming greater with time. The drier seasons of March-April-May will become drier still,

while the wetter seasons of June- August and September-November become wetter.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS (PRECIS)


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Community-Based Disaster Risk

Reduction Management(CBDRRM)


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General Objectives :

To enhance the appreciation of participants oncommunity based disaster risk reduction and

management.

At the end training workshops, the participants

are expected to assess the risks and

vulnerabilities of communities

To facilitate integration of CBDRM and EWS in

the ecological profiles as inputs to CDP

preparation and to some extent, the CLUP


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Module 1: Understanding Disaster, Risk andDevelopment

Appreciation:

When hazards such as drought, flooding, stormsurges, etc. strike vulnerable communities, disasters

happen.

Disasters lead to huge losses that slow down or haltdevelopment.

Hazards alone do not lead to disasters. Vulnerabilityof communities or a country is brought about by thecomplex inter-relationship of the physical, political,social, and economic conditions prevailing in acountry.


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Objectives:

To explain the disaster situation of the province and

eachmunicipality

To define what a disaster is and why they happen To analyze the relationship of disasters and

development

Topics:

Provincial and municipal disaster situation

Definition of concepts disaster, vulnerabilities,

capacities, risk, adaptation and development


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Module 2: Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management (DRRM), Community

Based Disaster Risk Management

(CBDRM) and Adaptation

This module deals with a discussion on disaster riskmanagement activities - emergency, rehabilitation,reconstruction, prevention, mitigation, preparedness.It will focus on the concept of CDBRRM approach,

principles and processes.


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Objectives:

to Identify aims of disaster risk management and its

different activities;

to understand the concept, principles andprocesses of

CBDRM.Topics:

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management, objectives

and activities

Community Based Disaster Risk Management

principles and processes

Changing Concepts and practices


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Module 3: Preparedness and Mitigation/Risk

Reduction Measures

The module will provide inputs and sharing ofexperiences on flood preparedness and mitigation

like, strengthening provincial, municipal andbarangay level institutional arrangement, riskassessment, early warning system, public awareness,organizing and mobilization of community and otherrelated activities.


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Objective:

Topics: Community Vulnerability, Capacity and Adaptation

Assessment

Early Warning System

Public Awareness

Strengthening provincial, municipal and barangay levelinstitutional arrangement / structure

Organizing and mobilizing community people on

flood preparedness and mitigation activities

to identify relevant DRR and adaption information

to identify flood preparedness and mitigationmeasures applicable to the each locality


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Module 4: Flood Preparedness and Mitigation

Planning

This module will discuss the objective andprocess of flood preparedness and mitigationplan.

Objectives:

To explain the objectives and process of flood

preparedness and mitigation plan

To come up with an action plan


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Maraming Salamat!

different tools on drrm and cca

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