diesel off-road equipment measure - workshop · qfour-pronged approach xnew engine standards ......

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Diesel Off-road EquipmentMeasure - Workshop

Diesel Off-road EquipmentMeasure - Workshop

November 16-17, 2004

Kim Heroy-Rogalski, P.E.,Heavy-Duty Diesel In Use Strategies Branch

Air Resources BoardCalifornia Environmental Protection Agency

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OverviewOverviewIntroductionBackground

Health Effects of Diesel PMDiesel Risk Reduction PlanARB Diesel PM Control Measures

Off-Road Equipment MeasureEquipment AffectedReduction Options/VerificationOff-Road ActivitiesPossible Approaches for Measure

Next Steps

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IntroductionIntroductionWhy we are hereHelp we hope to get fromstakeholders

Input on how to structure ruleParticipation in workgroup(s)Help with surveyHelp identifying other stakeholders

Products we will developRegulationStaff report

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Health Effects of Diesel PMHealth Effects of Diesel PMIncreases Cancer Risk, HospitalAdmissions & Premature DeathsIn California in year 2000, diesel PMassociated with:

2,000-2,500 annual premature deaths~3,600 annual hospital admissions forpneumonia, cardiovascular disease,asthma, bronchitis

By comparison, 3,700 deaths fromcar accidents, 2,000 homicides

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•70% of Known Statewide AirToxics Risk is from Diesel PM -

Year 2000

70%Diesel

PM

3%2%3%4%8%10%

Diesel Exhaust PM101,3 ButadieneBenzeneCarbon TetrachlorideFormaldehydeHexavalent ChromiumAll Others

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California Diesel RiskReduction Plan

California Diesel RiskReduction Plan

Established GoalsReduce PM emissions from all diesel-fueled engines in California75% reduction by 201085% reduction by 2020

Four-pronged approachNew engine standardsCleaner diesel fuel - <15 ppm SRetrofit of existing enginesEnsure in-use emissions maintained

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California Diesel PM -Year 2010

California Diesel PM -Year 2010

Off-Road 74%

On-Road 19%

Stationary/Area 6%

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Adopted ARB Diesel MeasuresAdopted ARB Diesel MeasuresTransit agency fleet rule (2/00)School bus idling (12/02)Airport Ground Support EquipmentMemorandum of Understanding (12/02)Solid waste collection vehicles (9/03)Stationary CI engines (2/04)Portable engines (2/04)Transport Refrigeration Units (2/04)Commercial vehicle idling (7/04)

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Future ARB Diesel MeasuresFuture ARB Diesel Measures2004-5

Intrastate Locomotive/CommercialHarbor Craft FuelTransit Fleet Vehicles (Non Urban Buses)Public On Road and Private UtilitiesCargo Handling Equipment (Ports andIntermodal Facilities)Harbor CraftShip Auxiliary EnginesStationary Agricultural Engines

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Schedule for Future ARB DieselPM Measure Adoption Cont’d

Schedule for Future ARB DieselPM Measure Adoption Cont’d

2006Off-Road Equipment (Publicand Private)Private On-Road Trucks

2007+Agricultural Off-Road Equipment

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Off-Road Equipment Measure

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Category PM, 2010,statewide [tpd]

# ofUnits

Construction & Mining 14.8 175,000Industrial 0.8 8,500Logging 0.4 2,800Airport GroundSupport Equipment(non South Coast,non-portable)

0.1 800

TOTAL 16.1 187,100

Scope of Off-RoadEquipment Rule

Scope of Off-RoadEquipment Rule

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PM Reduction OptionsReplacement

Newer equipment meets cleanerstandards

RepowerReplacement engines arecleaner

RetrofitVerified technologiesreduce emissions

Uncontrolled

Controlled

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Emission Standards forNew Diesel Off-Road Engines

Emission Standards forNew Diesel Off-Road Engines

Becoming stricter over timeLevels and effective dates depend onengine size (hp)

Tier 1: First effective in 1996-2000Tier 2: First effective 2001-6Tier 3: First effective 2005-8Tier 4: First effective 2011-2015

Low-sulfur diesel fuel (<15 ppm)required mid-2006

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Emission Standards for a175 hp Diesel Engine

Emission Standards for a175 hp Diesel Engine

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1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

g/bh

p-hr

1996 2003 2006 2014

HC+NOxPM (x10)

Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 Tier 4

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Potential Reduction TechnologiesExhaust Aftertreatment

Passive and Active Diesel ParticulateFilters (DPFs)Flow-thru FiltersDiesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)Urea-SCR Catalyst

FuelsFuel additives - fuel-borne catalystsEmulsified Fuels, oxygenated fuelsBiodieselFischer Tropsch

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ARB Retrofit Verification ProcessEvaluates emission reduction capabilitiesof technologyEnsures real and durable reductions3 levels of verification:

Level 3 ( > 85% PM reduction or < 0.01 g/bhp-hr PM)

Level 2 ( > 50% PM reduction)Level 1 ( > 25% PM reduction)

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Level 3– Cleaire Flash & Catch CRT/DPX (25% NOx )– Cleaire Longview DPF + Lean NOx (25% NOx )– Clean Air Partners DPF– CleanAIR Systems DPF (Stationary)– Donaldson DPF– Johnson Matthey CRT DPF– Lubrizol ECS Purifilter DPF

Current VerificationsCurrent VerificationsCurrent Verifications

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Level 2– Environmental Solutions Worldwide Flow

Thru Filter– Lubrizol PuriNOx (15% NOx )– Lubrizol PuriNOx/Purimuffler (20% NOx ,

off-road intermodal facilities)

Current Verifications Cont’dCurrent Verifications Current Verifications Cont’d

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Current Verifications Cont’dCurrent Verifications Cont’d

Level 1– Cleaire Flash and Match (25% NOx )– Donaldson DOC– Donaldson DOC + Spiracle– Lubrizol ECS AZ Purifier & Purimuffler (off-

road intermodal facilities)

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Further Information onARB Verification Process

Further Information onARB Verification Process

For further info, see websitehttp://www.arb.ca.gov/diesel/verdev/verdev.htm

Contact:Scott Rowland, Manager, Retrofit

Assessment Section, (626) 575-6972,[email protected]

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Off-road PM Control ActivitiesOff-road PM Control ActivitiesSacramento Air DistrictConstruction Mitigation

Suggests 20% NOx and 45% PMfrom state average constructionfleet emissionsHas encouraged the use of newerconstruction equipment

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Off-road PM Control Activitiescont’d


San Luis Obispo Air DistrictConstruction Mitigation

Best Available Control Technology forconstruction equipmentAvila Beach Remediation - 12 DOCs, 3 DPFson construction equipmentWoodlands Housing Development - 12 DOCson scrapers; repowered bulldozer

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CIAQC 2003 DemonstrationJoint effort-CIAQC, SCAQMD, ARB, LA CountyRetrofitted 18 heavy-duty construction vehiclesDPFs on 24 engines

Boston Central Artery Tunnel “Big Dig”>100 pieces of constructionequipment retrofitted with DOCs(cranes, lifts, excavators,bulldozers, etc.)Idling limits

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World Trade Center Diesel EmissionsReduction ProjectNew York City Construction Ordinance

Lower Manhattan, then all of New York CityRequires ultra-low S diesel fuel and bestavailable PM control technologyDiesel off-road vehicles >= 50 hp owned byor operated on behalf of the City

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Swiss Construction RetrofitOrdinance

DPFs required for all constructionequipment used at large constructionsites

Equipment > 50 hp by 9/1/03Equipment >= 25 hp by 9/1/05

Over 6,000 construction machines havebeen retrofitted with DPFs

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VERT Filter ListVERT began in response to diesel PMproblem in tunnel constructionJoint German, Austrian, Swiss projectSuitability testing and subsequent fieldtests for particle-trap systems

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Possible Approaches for Off-Road Equipment Measure

Possible Approaches for Off-Road Equipment Measure

Accelerated turnover to cleaner enginesRetrofit with Best Available ControlTechnology

Could include exhaust aftertreatment and/oralternate diesel fuels

Idling limitationsRegistration, recordkeeping, reporting,and/or inspection

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Next Steps for Off-RoadEquipment RulemakingNext Steps for Off-RoadEquipment Rulemaking

SurveyWorkgroupMore workshops to come in 2005Public hearing and consideration byBoard in early 2006

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ContactsContactsKim Heroy-Rogalski(staff)[email protected](916)327-2200

Ron Nunes (staff)[email protected](916)327-0376

Annette Hebert,Chief, Heavy-dutyDiesel In-useStrategies [email protected](626)575-6973

Kitty Martin,Manager, In UseControls [email protected](916)324-1362

Website:http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/ordiesel/ordiesel.htm

diesel off-road equipment measure - workshop · qfour-pronged approach xnew engine standards ......

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