Topic 7Topic 7 : : eLearning and Libraries: eLearning and Libraries: Natural Convergences in a Natural Convergences in a Networked EnvironmentNetworked Environment第七讲：第七讲：电子学习与图书馆：电子学习与图书馆：网络环境下的自然汇合网络环境下的自然汇合

Dianne Cmor and Peter Sidorko

Is it worth the effort?Is it worth the effort?努力是否有价值？努力是否有价值？

“When it comes to higher teacher and student productivity and a transformation of teaching and learning ... there is little ambiguity. Both must be tagged as failures. Computers have been oversold and underused, at least for now.” Cuban, Larry. Oversold and Underused: Computers in

the Classroom. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001, p. 179.

「若提到教师与学生生产力提升以及教学转型……情况十分清晰。两者均须视作失败。计算机超卖却未充分利用，至少目前如是。

But now!!

Why bother with Why bother with elearning?elearning?何需电子学习？何需电子学习？Student expectationsEnhanced experience

(“rich and diverse”)Enhanced curriculaMedia rich T/L

environmentIncreasing availability

of networked resourcesFlexibility - time and

place and methodology

学生的期望强化了的经验

( 「丰富多样」 )

改良了的课程多元媒体教学环境网络资源可查阅性增加灵活性──时间、地点与方法

Collaboration and interactivity - local and global

AssessmentExpressionMedia rich

resourcesStudents with

certain disability.

Why bother with Why bother with elearning?elearning?何需电子学习？何需电子学习？

合作与相互影响──本地性与全球性

评估表达多媒体资源有一定程度残障的学生

Threats/ConcernsThreats/Concerns危机与忧虑危机与忧虑(Rapidly) Evolving

technologiesCompetencies:

teacher and learnerUnrealistic

expectations: teacher and learner

Context counts: law vs engineering

Mixed technologies, eg hardware

Resourcing

科技 ( 迅速地 ) 演变反应能力：教学人员与学习者

不现实的期望：教学人员与学习者

考虑内容：法律与工程混合科技，例如：硬件搜寻资源

OpportunitiesOpportunities机会机会

An institutional e-learning strategy?

An appropriate technology enabled environment

机构的电子学习策略？

合适的科技化环境

Why an e-learning Why an e-learning strategy?strategy?为何要有电子学习策略？为何要有电子学习策略？For improved

learning and teaching outcomes

For organisational direction

For consistencyTo focus resources:

◦ Infrastructure◦ Support ◦ Staff and student

development

为了提升教学成果配合机构方向一致性着重资源 :

◦ 基础设施

◦ 支援

◦员工与学生的发展

E-learning StrategyE-learning Strategy电子学习策略电子学习策略

1. Vision and strategy

2. Student learning3. Staff development4. Infrastructure and

equipment5. Management and

monitoring

1. 愿景与策略2. 学生学习3. 员工发展4. 基础设施与设备5. 管理与监察

1 Vision and Strategy1 Vision and Strategy 愿景与策略

ClarityCommunicatedEmbedded

institutionally, including in the library’s strategies

具明确性可沟通的能融入机构内包括图书馆的各种策略

HKU Strategic Theme 1HKU Strategic Theme 1 ／／港大策略主题一港大策略主题一：：

Enhancing the Student Learning Enhancing the Student Learning ExperienceExperience

提升学生的学习经提升学生的学习经历历“… provide a 21st

Century learning environment to support the development of innovative pedagogies, especially those incorporating the use of technology-supported and student-centred learning.”

http://www3.hku.hk/strategic-development/eng/strategic-themes-for-09-14/enhancing-the-student-learning-experience.php

“…将提供一个融合廿一世纪教学需要的学习环境，支持创新教学法的发展，尤其是结合科技辅助及以学生为中心的教学法 .”

HKUHKU

Operational PriorityOperational Priority实施重点实施重点

“through providing a virtual learning environment that complements and enhances the experiential and face-to-face modes of learning, we will provide a richer and more diverse learning experience for our students”

http://www3.hku.hk/strategic-development/eng/strategic-themes-for-09-14/enhancing-the-student-learning-experience.php#operational-priorities

「透过建立虚拟的学习环境，补足并改进体验式及面对面的教学方式，为学生提供更丰富多元的学习体验」

2 Student Learning2 Student Learning学生学习学生学习Electronic resource

availability◦Content – library

resources and more◦Software◦Hardware

Widespread use of technology including email and VLEs

Skill assessment and development

Continued, accessible technical support

可使用的电子资源◦ 内容 ──图书馆或其他資源

◦ 软件◦ 硬件

广泛使用的科技，包括电邮及虚拟学习环境

技能评估及发展暨持续又可及的技术

支援

3 Staff development3 Staff development员工发展员工发展Skills needs assessment

Motivation

Targeted staff development and training

◦Platforms

◦Discipline and pedagogically based

Continued technical support

Dedicated T/L technologists

需评估的技能激励因子有目标的员工发展和培训◦各种平台◦以学科及教学法为基础

持续的技术支援热心教学的技术人员

4 Infrastructure and 4 Infrastructure and EquipmentEquipment基础设施与设备基础设施与设备Appropriate hardware

and software deployedIT standards adoptedDecentralised systems

suitably coordinatedSeamless connectivityLearning platformsOn demand technical

support

适当部署软硬件

采纳信息科技标准

适当协调分散系统

天衣无缝的连接

学习平台

按需要提供技术支援

Enhanced Physical Enhanced Physical EnvironmentEnvironment改良实质环境改良实质环境 Evolving learning

spaces◦ Classrooms◦ Learning commons◦ Libraries

Variety of learning styles

Flexibility Technology enabled Service support etc

不断发展的学习空间◦ 课室◦学习共享中心◦ 图书馆

多元化学习模式 灵活性 科技化 服务支援 等等

5 Management and 5 Management and MonitoringMonitoring管理与监察管理与监察Evaluation

frameworkMotivation for

enhancementStructured

management model

架构评估

激励向上的因素

结构化管理模式

But, some necessary But, some necessary fundamentals fundamentals (or, conditions of success)(or, conditions of success)然而，一些原則是不可或缺的然而，一些原則是不可或缺的(( 或者說是成功的條件或者說是成功的條件 ))Sound educational

objectives are the basis

Leadership exists

Commitment can be developed and is supported

Collaboration is fostered

Resources are allocated

Time is needed, much time

Evaluation and modification are fulfilled

以正确的教育目标为原则

领导技能可发挥作用承诺需有发展空间而

且获得支持合作得到鼓励资源获分派时间必不可少，有充裕的时间

可实行评估与改良

eLearning & Libraries电子学习与图书馆better opportunities

for library resources & services to support learning

Point of need, anticipatory, responsive

eLearning platforms allow INTEGRATED library support (vs parallel support)

为图书馆资源和服务提供更大发展空间以支援学习

资源可按需要传送至用户，可预知需要并作出迅速反应

电子学习平台容许整合的图书馆支援 ( 而不是并列性支援 )

Sample Course

Integrating Resources 整合资源

Linking 链接链接

Links, links and more links – when and where relevant

Entire reading/resource lists

Individual links for specific weeks/topics

RSS feeds, alerts, etc.Course reserves in

eLearning platform

链接、链接、越来越多的链接──于相关时与相关处出现

全篇文献与资源目录因特定周别或主题而收

集的相关链接RSS feeds, alerts,

等等电子学习平台的指定教科书

Integrating Resources 整合资源

Beyond Text 超越文本

Link to or embed multimedia

Open access, commercial and local

YouTube, music databases, podcasts, HKBUtube!

连接或融入多媒体

开放存取，商业性质或机构性质的

YouTube, 音乐资料库 , 播客 , HKBUtube!

Be careful! Do you have the right to embed or only to link??

Integrating Resources 整合资源

Toolkits, Widgets, etc.工具套件、小工具等等

Customizable toolkits Widgets and toolbarsInclude services as

well as resourcesRelevance, visibility

& recommended by course instructor (not “just” librarian)

客制化工具套件

小工具及工具栏包括服务与资源相关性、可见度、

获课程导师推荐 ( 并非「仅」由图书馆员推荐 )

PolyU Library (HK)

Integrating Services 整合服務Tutorials / Learning Objects教學 / 學習元件

Full tutorials – generic or course specific

Short, modular, re-usable learning objects

Flash, screencasts, videocaptures; or simple pdf/ppt

Insert directly into course environment when/where most useful

全面教学──普通或课程指定的

短期的、模组形式的、再用的学习元件

Flash 、 屏幕录像、视频捕获软件，或简单的 pdf 或 ppt

在最适用时及最适用处直接加进课程环境

Integrating Services 整合服務Embedded Librarians嵌入式館員Trust and collaboration

of instructorsMonitoring course

regularly, or limited time period (tied to assignment due date)

Live assistance – Chat, Skype, Second Life

Use of eLearning platform tools – discussion forum, chat, quiz, etc.

教师的信任与合作定期或于限定时间内

监察课程 ( 配合交作业日期 )

实时服务──聊天室、免费网络电话、 「第二人生」

运用电子学习平台工具── 论坛、聊天室、自我评量工具等等

Other considerations其他原因

Mobile eLearning – what resources & services most useful?

Web 2.0 – engaging students in learning

ePortfolios – research products/journals

流动电子学习── 哪些资源与务服最有用？

Web 2.0── 学生可参与学习

ePortfolios – 研究成果或期刊

Final Thoughts 结语

Avoid overload of resources only

Provide guidance and context on how to think about information

“Teleport” the teaching role of the reference desk into your eLearning environment - this is not outdated!

避免沦为资源超载

提供如何判断信息的指引和范围

咨询柜台的教学角色「瞬间移动」至你的电子学习环境── 这并非过时！

Exercise: Developing & Exercise: Developing & Supporting eLearningSupporting eLearningThinking about your own institution,

what opportunities and challenges face the library in developing/supporting e-learning?

Some possible considerations: Is there an institutional strategy? Does the Library have a role in

it? What strengths/weaknesses exist at your institution in

developing/supporting eLearning? (commitment level, physical resources, computing resources, human resources & expertise)

What strengths/weaknesses exist at your library in developing/supporting eLearning? (same as above!)

What could you offer TODAY to support eLearning at your institution?

What could you offer one year from now?

ReferencesReferences参考文献参考文献 Cuban, L. (2001) Oversold and Underused: Computers in the Classroom.

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Developing an elearning strategy: BECTA Matrix

http://designing.flexiblelearning.net.au/tours/documents/becta_matrix.pdf Duke, J, Jordan, A & Powell, B. (2008) A study for the JISC into the integration of

technology into institutional strategies, http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/reports/2008/strategicdevelopmentfinalreport.aspx

Kelly, B. Approaches To E-Learning: Developing An E-Learning Strategy http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/workshops/trieste-2004/trieste-strategy.ppt

Quality Assurance Council (2009) Report of a Quality Audit of the University of Hong Kong, http://www.ugc.edu.hk/eng/qac/publication/report/hku200911e.pdf

Salmon, G (2005) Flying not flapping: a strategic framework for e-learning and pedagogical innovation in higher education institutions, ALT-J: Research in Learning Technology, 13(3), 201 – 218.

The University of Hong Kong (2009), Strategic Development 2009-2014, http://www3.hku.hk/strategic-development/eng/

University of Kent e-learning Strategy 2007, http://www.kent.ac.uk/elearning/strategy.html

Wills, S, Strategic Planning for Blended eLearning, in Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education & Training, Sydney, July 2006. http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1033&context=asdpapers