MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND TOURISM MONGOLIA

Preliminary national diagnostic for environment statistics

Workshop on Environment Statistics for East and North-East Asian countries Incheon, Republic of Korea 13-15 March 2017

Country: Mongolia Presenter: Ms Enkhzaya Dambiijantsan, Senior Statistician, Economic Statistics Department of The National Statistics Office

Ms Erdenetsetseg Sugar, Senior Officer Ministry of Environment and Tourism/MET,

Mr Ganbayar Javkhlan, Economist Ministry of Finance

One of the fastest growing economies globally with an

average real GDP growth rate of 8.9% p.a. (2003-2014)

Abundant mineral resource base that can be leveraged

for industrialization

Favorable and sustainable business environment for

FDI and trade

Fiscal policy and debt management improvement by

newly adopted laws

Strengthening financial sector

Main Mineral Resources

Estimated Reserves (Q1

2015)

Copper (mm tons) 45,796.2

Coal (mm tons) 21,695.9

Gold placer (tons)

Gold hard rock deposit (tons)

537,566

34.7

Tin (mm tons) 14.9

Iron (mm tons) 360.4

Real GDP Growth

17.3% (2011)

Nominal GDP

$11.5b (2013)

GDP/ Capita

$4,320 (2014)

12.3% (2012)

11.6% (2013)

7.8% (2014)

$12b (2014)

Mongolia’s World Class Mineral Reserves

Over the past decade, there was a boom in mining exploration

confirmed the existence of large mineral deposits – notably copper,

uranium, oil, coal, iron ore, and gold. Investments are coming into

world class mineral projects: Examples,

• Oyu Tolgoi (OT), signed in 2009, is likely to become one of

the five largest copper and gold mines in the world;

• Tavan Tolgoi (TT) mine has potential to supply high quality

coking coal for more than 100 years.

• There are also several other ongoing mining projects.

Mongolia’s Economy

1

2

2

NATIONAL VISION

By 2030, Mongolia will

- Become one of the leading MICs by per capita income;

- Have a diversified sustainable economy;

- Eradicate income inequality and have a majority of its population with

average and higher levels of income;

- Maintain its pristine natural environment and sustainable ecology;

- Promote sustainable democratic governance.

4

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT VISION (SDV) 2016-2030

Phase I: 2016-2020 Phase II: 2021-2025 Phase III:2026-2030

Sustainable development – 14 goals, 44 targets

Sustainable economic development: - Agriculture - Energy - Roads, transportation - Mining - Industry - ICT

Sustainable social development: - Inclusive growth,

poverty reduction - Education - Social protection

Sustainable environment: - Integrated water

management - Increased access of to

quality water, sanitation and hygiene

- Better adaption to climate change

- Reduction of GHG emissions

Sustainable governance - Accountable and

capable governance structure

- Elimination of corruption

- Participatory society, PPP

Policy priorities and policy tools

Policy document approved by Parliament

Mongolian Sustainable

Development Vision 2030

/ 2016/

2016-2030

Mongolian National Security Policy

/2010/

2010-2030

Ecological policy

/ 1997/

2 main phase

2001-2010

2010-2020

Green Development Policy

2014

2 main phase

2014-2020

2021-2030

Forest Policy

/2015/

2 main phase

2015-2020

2021-2030

Policy priorities and policy tools

Environmental Law and National Program

Group of environmental laws

/more than 30/

Law on Environmental Protection

Law on Water

Law on Forest

Law on Special Protected Areas

Law on Air

Law on Environmental Impact assessment

Law on Soil protection and combat desertification

Others

No Name of program

Time frame

1 National program on SPA /1998/ 2005-2015

2 Water national program /2010/ 2010-2015 2016-2021

3 National action program on Climate change /2011/ 2011-2016 2017-2021

4 National program on combat desertification /2010/ 2010-2015 2016-2020

6 Green belt national program /2005/ 2005-2035

7 Tourism development national program, /2015/ 2002-2016

8 National program on Persistent organic pollutants /2014/ 2006-2020

9 National program on Ozone layer protection /1999 /

1999-2030

10 National program on Rare and endangered animals protection /2011/

2012-2021

No Name of program Time frame

11 “Khatan Tuul river” program, /2012 2012-2020

12 “Clean forest” ” program, /2012 / 2014-2016 2016-2020

13 National program on biodiversity /2015/ 2015-2030

14 National program on tourism /2015 / 2016-2020 2021-2025

15 National program on Waste management /2014/ 2014-2020

16 Green development action plan /2016/ 2016-2030

Institutions

• Stakeholders in environment sustainable development and green economy policy: • Ministry of Environment and Tourism;

• Ministry of Finance;

• Ministry of Energy of Mongolia

• Other ministries

• Institutional mechanisms in place to make sustainability and green economy decisions:

• The Parliament resolution passed by the Government of Mongolia in 2016 states that:

1. Implement Mongolia Sustainable Development Vision 2030 in phases by incorporating the Vision into the medium term development policies, Government action plan, annual socio-economic development guideline and the state budget,

Ministry of Education, Culture, Science and Sports

Ministry of Labour and Social Protection

Ministry of Health

Ministry of Finance

Ministries of Justice and Internal Affairs

Ministry of Environment and Tourism

Ministry of Construction and Urban Development

8 working groups established for SDGs implementation/monitoring

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Working group 6 Related

SDGs and

targets

Global

reporting

indicators

offered by

UNSD

National level

reporting

indicators

Out of 74 indicators

Aligned

indicators

(National

and

Global)

Changed in

accordanc

e with the

national

features

Newly

added

Dis-

aggregate

d

Not

applicable

Ministry of

Environment and

Tourism

6, 13, 14,

15

42 74 28 4 24 8 10

PROGRESS IN DEVELOPING INDICATORS FOR NATIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Working group 6 Related

SDGs and

targets

National

level

reporting

indicators

Out of 74 indicators

Available Available after

additional

estimation

Indicators which

need detailed

and specific

estimation

Not available

/Indicators which

need new

methodology/

Ministry of

Environment and

Tourism

6, 13, 14,

15

74 21 14 12 27

NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS

Law on Statistics,

1997

Law on Environmental

Protection, 2008, Chapter 7, “Environmental

database”

Minister of Environmen

t and Tourism’s

order №197, 2010

The Government of

Mongolia’s decree №85,

2010

Mongolia reports environmental information and data within the framework of the Multilateral Environmental Agreements.

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Amendment to the Law on

Environmental Protection , 31 Jan,

2008, Chapter 7 called

“Environmental database”, Section 12

The Government’s decree №85, 07 Apr, 2010

• Regulation on creating, developing, sharing, utilizing, maintaining and ensuring database security

• Detailed list of primary data

Minister of Environment and Tourism’s order №197, 24 Jun, 2010

• “Establishment of Center and adoption of the rule”

• Expanded the existing Information Research center as the Environmental information center

Director of Agency for Meteorology and Environmental monitoring’s decree №84, 23 Aug, 2010

• “Functional structure and the number of staff of the Center”

• Number of staff of the Information Management Division was approved to be 16

ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION CENTER

CENTER’S FUNCTIONS The Center is responsible for maintaining national environmental database as stated in the Section 38, the Law on Environmental Protection.

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Database

Form

Develop

Keep

Protect

Revise

Utilize

o 1/ land, its soil; o 2/ underground, natural resources; o 3/ water, spring; o 4/ forest; o 5/ natural plants; o 6/ animals; o 7/ air, its pollution; o 8/ climate; o 9/ natural disaster; o 10/ toxic and hazardous chemicals; o 11/ waste; o 12/ specially protected areas; o 13/ environmental legal framework; o 14/ environmental assessment; o 15/ implementation of environmental

policy and programs;

o 16/ environmental statistical information and report;

o 17/ budget and expenditure on environmental protection activities;

o 18/ entities and human resource operating in the field of environment;

o 19/ meta database o 20/ other information related to

environment; o 21/ information on environmental

compensation; o 22/ information on crimes and illegal

activities related to environment.

ENVIRONMENTAL DATABASE

(Law on Environmental Protection, Section 35)

Organizations providing information and due times /According to the Law on Environmental Protection, Section 37/

State administrative

organization /SAO/ in

charge of land

issues

SAO in charge of

emergency

SAO and scientific

institutions

in charge of

related

issues

Governors of

provinces and

Ulaanbaatar city

SAO in charge of

environment

SAO in charge

of meteorology

and environmental

monitoring

SAO in charge of

geology and mining

land, soil

II.20

undergro

und,

natural

resource

III.1

water,

spring

XII.20

forest

XII.20

plant

XII.20

animal

XII.20

Air

pollution

XII.20

climate

Every

occasio

n

Natural

disaster

Every

occasion

Toxic and

hazardou

s

chemicals

XII.20

waste

XII.20

Specially

protected

areas

XII.20

Legal

framewor

k

Every

occasion

Environ-

mental

assess-

ment

Every

occasio

n

Policies

and

programs

Every

occasio

n

Statistical

informatio

n and

report

Every

occasion

Activities,

budget,

expenditur

e

Every

occasion

Entities

and

human

resource

Every

occasio

n

Crimes

and

illegal

activities

Meta data

Every

occasion

Compen-

sation

19 ES forms /BOHs/ by 326 indicators developed between 2010 and 2016

ENVIRONMENT STATISTICS /ES/

DATA COLLECTION, PROCESSING, DISSEMINATION Indicators Source Frequency Dissemination

Land structure and size

/BOH-1/ 14 indicators

MET annual yearbook

Land deterioration and its

rehabilitation measures and

accumulation of the

compensation / BOH -2/ 20

indicators

MET annual yearbook

Rehabilitation of

deteriorated lands of mining

area / BOH -3/ 73 indicators

MET annual yearbook

Water utilization and

protection / BOH -4/ 24

indicators

MET annual yearbook

Forest resources, use,

protection and its

rehabilitation /BOH-5/ 26

indicators

MET

annual yearbook

ENVIRONMENT STATISTICS /ES/

Indicators Source Frequency

Dissemination

Wild animal resources and protection /

BOH -6/ 8 indicators

MET annual yearbook

Solid waste statistics

/ BOH -7.1/ indicators

MET

annual yearbook

Waste recycling / BOH-7.2/ 16 indicators MET

annual yearbook

Environmental quality

/ BOH -8/ 5 indicators

MET

annual yearbook

Climate and natural catastrophic

phenomena

/ BOH -9/ 13 indicators

MET

annual yearbook

Natural catastrophic phenomena,

disaster, 3 indicators

NEMA monthly bulletin

Climate report /UTSU-4/, 7 indicators NAM monthly bulletin

Coal, electricity and heating balance NSO annual yearbook

BRIEF INTRODUCTION ON

SEEA IMPLEMENTATION IN MONGOLIA

Country: Mongolia

Presenter: Ms Enkhzaya Dambiijantsan, Senior Statistician, Economic Statistics Department of The National Statistics Office

17 17

I. Legal framework, institutional setting

II. SEEA and FDES implementation

III. Identified implementation priorities

IV. National and international partners

V. Status of implementation

VI. Challenges

VII. Next steps

OUTLINE

I. LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONAL SETTING

Statistics Law of Mongolia

Law of Mongolia on Protection of Environment

National Program for Development of Official Statistics of Mongolia, 2016-2020

MNSO has signed the memorandum of understanding with the Ministry of Environment and Tourism and defined the participation, roles and responsibilities of the parties

Agreed upon streamlining the institutional framework for the environmental statistics, improving the data quality and expanding the scope of environmental statistics

Within the framework of SEEA:

MNSO has done number of activities within the implementation of SEEA Central

Framework:

compiled the Material Flow Accounts (MFA) by 2005-2015

Energy PSUT by 2010-2013 first time and experimentally

conducted the sample survey in order to gather the required information for

the Environmental Protection Expenditure Account for the entities in 2016

II. SEEA AND FDES IMPLEMENTATION IN MONGOLIA

Component FDES -

2013

Readily

Available in

Mongolia

Can be added to

environmental

statistics forms

Available after

additional calculation

From other

sources

Component 1: Physical conditions 181 84 3 62 32

Component 2: Environmental Resources and

their Use 124 61 14 29 20

Component 3: Residuals 57 14 18 15 10

Component 4: Extreme events and disasters 33 10 1 8 14

Component 5: Хүмүүсийн амьдрах орчин

болон орчны эрүүл мэнд 49 14 - - 35

Component 6: Байгаль орчны хамгаалал,

менежмент болон оролцоо 48 4 - - 44

Total 492 187 36 114 155

FDES INDICATORS ASSESSMENT OF MONGOLIA

III. IDENTIFIED IMPLEMENTATION PRIORITIES

Physical flow accounts

• Material flow accounts (MFA)

• Physical supply and use tables for water (PSUT water)

• Physical supply and use tables for energy (PSUT energy)

• Air emissions accounts

• Water emissions accounts

• Waste accounts

Monetary flow accounts

• Environmental protection expenditure accounts

• Resource use and management accounts

• Environmental goods and services sector

• Environmentally related payments by government

• Environmental tax accounts

• Permits and licenses to use environmental assets

• Emissions permits

Asset accounts

• Mineral and energy resources

• Land

• Soil resources

• Timber resources

• Aquatic resources

• Other biological resources

• Water resources

NATIONAL PARTNERS:

• Ministry of Environment and Tourism;

• Ministry of Finance; and

• Ministry of Energy of Mongolia

• General Administration of Customs

INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS:

• Asian Development Bank – approved the project to compile the Material Flow

Accounting, Energy Account and Environmental Tax Account (April 2016 – April 2018)

• Statistics Netherlands

IV. NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS

V. STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION

Established a Working team on implementation and compilation of the SEEA at MNSO;

Developed an action plan for the implementation of the SEEA;

In 2014, MNSO has compiled the Material Flow Accounts (MFA) for 2005-2013 for the first time on an experimental basis.

In 2015, MNSO did an initial stage to compile the Energy Physical Supply and Use Table (PSUT) by 2010-2013. The data used for the compilation of the Energy PSUT are unavailable at the national level. Hence, the energy balance compiled by International Energy Agency were used.

Translated SEEA-CF into Mongolian language

Organized the Environmental Protection Expenditure Survey for 2015, covering business entities (survey result is underway)

VI. CHALLENGES

Demand for environment statistics is growing due to sustainable development an climate

change agenda

Almost half of the SDG targets require environment statistics to compile the indicators and

carry out monitoring. However, environment statistics is limited or weak.

Lack of availability of national data and data quality

Lack of qualified staff and expertise in environmental accounts

Lack of financial resource for the sample surveys to collect the necessary data

The some data used for the compilation of the MFA are unavailable at the national

level and the international data were used;

Develop national methodology/guidelines for compiling environmental-

economic accounts according to the SEEA;

Compile the environmental-economic accounts step by step;

Develop the methodology for green indicators

Implement the ADB Project successfully;

Study the international methodologies and practices;

Conduct an energy consumption survey

Conduct a sample survey to collect missing data which are required for the accounts;

Train staff in the environmental and economic accounts.

VII. NEXT STEPS

Thank you for attention