SP Energy Technology Center

Development status for syngasfrom solid forest residues via

entrained flow gasification

Magnus Marklund

SP Energy Technology Center

2

My origin…

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A view on viable aspects for BtL processes

1. Scale of economy:

Very large plants are favorable, conversion principles needs to be up-scalable.

2. Fuel cost:

Processes that are less sensitive to impurities in low grade fuel will be most viable.

3. Future access to renewable carbon resources:

High energy efficiency, high carbon utilization, and accessible hydrogen will be competitive.

4. Product flexibility:

A system that can produce both electricity and liquid fuel will be advantageous.

5. Physical size of large commercial plants:

Ability to operate at high pressure will be favorable.

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General applications in gasification

40-45 % el, 45-50 % värme

25-30 % el, 50-60 % värme

35-40 % el

40-70 % energi

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General principle entrained flow gasification (EFG)

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SP ETC PEBG syngas pilot1 MW @10 bar(Operational)

MEVA Energy/PiteEnergi3 MW CHP

(Operational)

Solid Bio-EFG in Sweden 2016

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MEVA Energy/PiteEnergi development plant3 MW Hortlax, Piteå.

CycloneGasifier

Multistage cleaning• cyclone• gas cooling• RME scrubber• WESP

Cooperation on speciallydesigned gas engines with supplier Cummins Power Generation Ltd., UK.

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Pressurized Entrained flow Biomass Gasifier (PEBG)

• Owner: SP ETC, Piteå

• Contact: Fredrik Weiland

• 1.0 MWth (~200 kg/h), 10 bar, Oxygen blown

• Approx. 800 h of operation

• Daily operation (some long-term tests, 4 days)

• Wood, Peat, Bark, Forest residue, Lignin, Pyrolysis oil

• In-house (Design – Construction – Operation)

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Solid Bio-EFG (BtL) in Europe 2016

Pilot plants

“Commercial”

Bioliq BTL (in operation)

WoodSpirit (planned)

UPM Stracel (planned)

BioTFuel (planned)

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NER 300 Europe: Solid Bio-EFG

UPM Stracell* – Frankrike. FT. Status okänt,

AIOS BTL – Finland. FT. Avbrutet.

WoodSpirit – Nederländerna. Metanol. Status okänd.

Pyrogrot Billerud – Sverige. Pyrolysolja. Avbrutet

GoBiGas 2 – Sverige. SNG. Fas 1 pågår, fas 2?

1st Call

2nd Call

• Fast pyrolysis – Estland. Pyrolysolja. Status okänd

• CHP Biomass pyrolysis – Lettland. Pyrolysolja. Status okänd

• E.ON Bio2G – Sverige. SNG. Status ?

* “A final decision on whether or not the UPM Stracel BtL facility will proceed is reportedly pending, due to ongoing uncertainty over the regulatory environment for advanced biofuels in Europe. “ (http://biofuelstp.eu/btl.html)

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UDHE Prenflo PDQ gasifier pilot planned to be installed at the Dunkirk refinery of Total at a cost in excess of 100 M€ in ???

BIOTFUEL, FRANCE

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From Solid Biomass to clean Syngas

1. MAXimize process availability

2. MINimize the fuel pre-treatment requirements

3. MAXimize CGE with respect to considered application

4. MINimize soot and tar formation in reactor

5. MAXimize particulate separation from product gas

EFG Process Optimisation Criteria

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PEBG: project history

Start

April

2009

PFD

Nov

2009

Component

Design

February

2010

Assembly

May

2010

Control

System

December

2010

1st Heat up

April

2011

Pressurised

O2 gasification

October

2011

Process

R&D

August

2012

January

2014

Pressure

increase

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PEBG: Process Overview

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PEBG: Process Characterization

CO, H2, CH4, C2H4, C2H2

CO, H2

Weiland et al. Influence of process parameters on the performance of an oxygen blown entrained flow biomass gasifier, Fuel, vol. 153, p. 510-519, 2015.

SP Energy Technology Center Weiland et al. Extractive sampling of gas and particulates from the reactor core of an entrained flow biomass gasifier, submitted to Energy and Fuels, 2016.

PEBG: Extractive sampling from the reactor core

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PEBG: Formation of Particulates, Gasification

Wiinikka et al., Combust. Flame 161 (2014) 1923-1934Weiland et al., Aerosol Sci. Technol. 48 (2014) 1145-1155

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PEBG: Slagging ash

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Fas TRL Kännetecken för uppnådd nivå Exempel på den mognadsnivå som ska uppnås

Införande 9Produkt används med framgång

(verifierad produktanvändning)

Produkten har introducerats på marknaden och

tekniken har visat sig fungera i verklig

användning

8 Det komplett system är validerat

Test- och demonstrationsfasen är avslutad till

potentiella kunders belåtenhet. Tekniken har

funnit sin slutliga form, prestanda är bekräftade.

7 Demonstration i driftsmiljö

Tekniken har visat sig fungera i tester med

prototyp- eller demonstrationsfordon i verklig

driftsmiljö. Överlämning till produktutveckling.

6 Demonstration i relevant miljö

Systemet eller ett större delsystem har testats

under verklighetsliknande förhållanden (t ex på

provbana).

5Teknisk validering i relevant

miljö

Komponenter eller delsystem har testats under

verklighetsliknande förhållanden (t ex testrigg

eller testfordon). Teknikens livskraft verifierad.

4Teknisk validering i

laboratoriemiljö

Komponenter eller delsystem har testats.

Konceptets relation till andra system (t ex i ett

komplett fordon) har bestämts.

3Experimentella bevis på

konceptets potential föreligger

Analytiska eller experimentella studier har

genomförts. Karakteristiska drag hos tekniken är

kända.

2 Teknikkoncept formulerade

Möjliga applikationer har identifierats.

Grundläggande principer studeras. Förfinad

förutsägelse av prestanda.

Grund-

forskning1

Grundläggande principer

observerade

Vetenskapliga resultat finns som tyder på en

möjlig praktisk tillämpning. Prestanda kan

uppskattas.

Teknisk

forskning

Pilot- och

demon-

strator-

projekt

PEBG – TRL ”sawdust to raw syngas”

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Exemple: Survey SIA gasification/pyrolysis

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My summary for BtL from bio-EFG:

In general: High ambitions – low level of action

Big investment grants available via EU but not sufficient!

SEA: ”In long-term, BtL via EFG is of interets for Sweden”

Favorable market conditions and strong consortia needed for

demonstration and commercialisation!

Swedish competence is internationally competivite but lack solid

technology providers.

Further technology push efforts needed in order to be ”ready” when

market and actor timing is right.

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Tack för uppmärksamheten!

22

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PEBG Publications

Weiland, F., Wiinikka, H., Hedman, H., Wennebro, J., Pettersson, E., Gebart, R. Influence of process parameters on the performance of an oxygen

blown entrained flow biomass gasifier. Fuel 153 (2015) 510-519.

Leijenhorst, E.J., Assink, D., van de Beld, L., Weiland, F., Wiinikka, H., Carlsson, P., Öhrman, O.G.W. Entrained Flow gasification of straw,- and wood-

derived pyrolysis oil in a pressurized oxygen blown gasifier. Biomass and Bioenergy 79 (2015) 166-176.

Carlsson, P., Ma, C., Molinder, R., Weiland, F., Wiinikka, H., Öhman, M., Öhrman, O. Slag formation during Oxygen Blown Entrained-Flow

Gasification of Stem Wood. Energy & Fuels 28 (2014) 6941-6952.

Weiland, F., Nilsson, P., Wiinikka, H., Gudmundsson, A., Gebart, R., Sanati, M. Online characterization of syngas particulates using aerosol mass

spectrometry in entrained-flow biomass gasification. Aerosol Science and Technology 48 (2014) 1145-1155.

Molinder, R., Öhrman, O.G.W. Characterization and cleanup of waste water from pressurized entrained flow biomass gasification. ACS Sustainable

Chemistry & Engineering 2 (2014) 2063-2069.

Andersson, J., Lundgren, J., Marklund, M., Methanol production via pressurized entrained flow biomass gasification – Techno-economic comparison

of integrated vs. stand-alone production. Biomass and Bioenergy 64 (2014) 256-268.

Weiland, F., Nordwaeger, M., Olofsson, I., Wiinikka, H., Nordin, A. Entrained flow gasification of torrefied wood residues. Fuel Processing

Technology 125 (2014) 51-58.

SP Energy Technology Center

PEBG Publications

Öhrman, O.G.W., Molinder, R., Weiland, F., Johansson, A.C. Analysis of trace compounds generated by pressurized oxygen blown entrained flow

biomass gasification. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 33 (2014) 699-705.

Wiinikka, H., Weiland, F., Pettersson, E., Öhrman, O., Carlsson, P., Stjernberg, J. Characterisation of submicron particles produced during oxygen

blown entrained flow gasification of biomass. Combustion and Flame 161 (2014) 1923-1934.

Ma, C., Weiland, F., Hedman, H., Boström, D., Backman, R., Öhman, M., Characterization of Reactor Ash Deposits from Pilot-Scale Pressurized

Entrained-Flow Gasification of Woody Biomass. Energy & Fuels 27 (2013) 6801-6814.

Öhrman, O.G.W., Weiland, F., Pettersson, E., Johansson, A.C., Hedman, H., Pedersen, M. Pressurized Oxygen Blown Entrained Flow Gasification of a

Biorefinery Lignin Residue. Fuel Processing Technology 115 (2013) 130-138.

Weiland, F., Hedman, H., Marklund, M., Wiinikka, H., Öhrman, O., Gebart, R. Pressurized oxygen blown entrained-flow gasification of wood powder.

Energy & Fuels 27 (2013) 932-941.