development of nzeb in china - un escap · 2016-12-15 · changcheng employee tower qingdao...

中国建筑科学研究院China Academy of Building Research

建筑环境与节能研究院Institute of Building Environment and Energy Efficiency

Development of Net (Nearly) Energy Buildings (nZEBs) in China

Gao Caifeng

Institute of Building Environment and Energy

China Academy of Building Research

Bangkok, Thailand, 2016.08.18



1. Background

2. Policy, standard and codes

3. Pilot projects

4. Mass market?

Outline



Building Energy Conservation

Green Building

Passive Building,

Nearly Zero Energy Building,

net Zero Energy Building

Background

CHANGES Focus on building performance Change of conventional design

method Consider full Life cycle



Internationally1. nZEBs development

European Union, North America, Other parts of Asia

IN CHINA1. Challenge of building sector

Impact from economy slowing down Construction quality Unsatisfactory performance

2. Improvement of occupant indoor comfort Partial time and space all time and space Heating in east China

3. Environmental concern-blame on district heating?

4. Capping of carbon emission by 2030 or even earlier in China Building sector remains the biggest uncertainty Massive both in new and existing

Background



1. Background

2. Pilot projects


4. Mass market?

Outline



Renewable energy and existing building retrofit pilot projects and pilot city 2005-2014

《Suggestions on accelerating the development of green building [2012]167》April,2012

《General Office of the State Council forward the notice of green building action plan〔2013〕1》January, 2013

《Development plan of green building and green eco-city in the 12th five-year plan》March,2013

Subsidizing of Sponge pilot city in the 13th five-year

Policy, standard and codes – central government



Shandong:

Three batches of subsidized nZEBs pilot projects

Subsidizing 80%+ of the incremental cost

Residents potentially receives credit in home purchase

Hebei and Jiangsu

Developer receives 20% discount in land acquiring

Developer receives tax credit or FAR compensation

Beijing:

In stage of technological feasibility study, supported by CABR

Compiling own nZEB standard for residential building

BDRC deliberate for launching of 30 pilot projects by 2018 for government

owned public buildings (office, educational, and public service)

Policy, standard and codes – local government



Policy, standard and codes

Updated energy efficiency design standards for public building and residential

building in different climate zones, tightened averagely 30% in overall performance

Updated <evaluation standard for green building in China>, performance oriented

CHINA nZEB building standards compilation: plan approved, begins in July 2016

First batch of nZEB demonstration projects approved by MoHURD by May, 2016

Governmental subsidy in deliberation, jointly by MoF and MoHURD

Issuing of 《Technical guidance on passive and low energy green building in

China》, November, 2015.



10

Preface Chapter 1 – General provision Chapter 2 – Concept Chapter 3 – Mandatory

requirements Chapter 4 – Building design 4.1 Design principle 4.2 Architectural design 4.3 Building envelope 4.4 Energy system

Chapter 5 – Construction 5.1 Insulation and

fenestration 5.2 Thermal bridge 5.3 Air tightness 5.4 Energy system

Chapter 6 Operation and management 6.1 General requirements 6.2 Metering and Monitoring 6.3 Commissioning 6.4 Maintenance 6.5 User requirement

Chapter 7 Evaluation and Labeling 7.1 General requirements 7.2 Design evaluation 7.3 O&M evaluation

Appendix A – Building envelope air tightness testing procedure

Appendix B – Primary energy conversion factor

Appendix C – Technical recommendations

Cited building codes list

Policy, standard and codes – technical guidance



1. Background


3. Pilot projects

4. Mass market?

Outline



Pilot projects



Sichuan-OfficeCGCEC HQ13,078㎡

Zhejiang-ExibitionMenred Low-Carbon Center480 ㎡

Hebei-ResidentialChangcheng Com120,000㎡

Beijing-OfficeCABR-NZEB4,025㎡

Shandong-SchoolSCCC Training Center20,700㎡

Shandong-MixedEco-Park Demo Ctr.13,769㎡

Guangdong-ExibitionGree nZEB, 650 ㎡

Henan-OfficeHebi VLEB2675 ㎡

Tianjin-ResidentialEco-city pub-house13,000㎡

Jiangsu-OfficeUN-CiFALTraining Center12800㎡

Shandong-OfficeSoccer Training Ctr.13,769㎡

Pilot projects



QHD Riverside is the most successfulpassive residential building pilot projects,effectively promoted the development ofpassive building in China.

The project comprehensively display passivebuilding design concepts and technology,Germany construction technology of advancedenergy conservation technologies andproducts have been widely used.

The incremental cost of investment is economically feasible of passive building andlow energy buildings. It provide a good reference for explore the suitability oftechnology roadmap for our country ultra low power architecture which is uitable forChina's national conditions and further improve China's building constructiontechnology, promote the upgrading of energy-saving technology products.

Qinhuangdao-Riverside



能耗指标 Energy Consumption Target: 25 kWh/(m2.a)冬季 Winter ：采暖不依靠化石能源 zero use offossil fuel for heating

夏季 Summer ：空调能耗降低 50% coolingenergy reduced by 50%

照明：能耗降低7% reduction of lighting energyby 75%

2013年• 项目启动 kick-off

• 设计、优化design/optimization

• 施工启动 construction start

2014年• 主体竣工 Complete

construction• 机电、测量系统调试

commissioning• 制冷工况实验

experiment in Summer

2015年• 制热工况实验

experiment in Winter• 项目运行优化 ongoing

commissioning• 数据监测 data

collection

2016年• 研究工作汇总

research summary• 项目后评估 evaluation

• 后续研究工作 Other research work

竣工 Completion： May，2014

入住 Occupancy： June，2014

调试 Commissioning： Ongoing

自控及计量 BMS & EMS： 100% completed

4025 m2, Beijing, cold climate zone, an office building for CABR.

Integrated platform and testbed for CERC-BEE cutting edge technologies demonstration and

serves as well as the R&D facility for CABR’s products and solutions.

Deep connection with the industry sector and could help raise public awareness from

successful demonstration.

With real-data-based evaluation and its openness to the public, CABR NZEB has become a

signature NZEB project and an education center. It is facilitating strong growth of NZEBs in

China and laying foundation for future development of China’s NZEB standard.

Passive Building Proactive Optimization Economic and Pragmatic

CABR NZEB



2016/8/24 16

CABR NZEB



CABR NZEB



分项能耗Energy consumption by category

空调采暖通风分项能耗HVAC energy consumption

冷机分项能耗HPs energy consumption

CABR NZEB



Hebei-ResidentialChangcheng Com120,000㎡

Shandong-Mixed useEco-Park Demo Ctr.13,769㎡

Jiangsu-OfficeUN-CiFAL Training Center12800㎡

Shandong-SchoolSCCC Training Center20,700㎡

Other pilot projects



Pilot projects



Pilot projects-breakdown

18.18%

4.55%

18.18%

31.82%27.27%

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

BY IMPLEMENTATION STAGEDesign Documents IN Consutrction Construction CompletedIn Operation Construction Documents

Over 71% with floor area of 2000-10000 m2, capital investment?

Over 72% under 6F, indicating low height buildings dominate

45.45% in design and planning stage, 31.82% in operation, and others in construction or operation



4.55%

22.73%

4.55%

68.18%

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

BY BUILDING CLIMATE ZONEHD1-Extreme Cold HCB CD HD2-Cold

Pilot projects-breakdown

18.18%

40.91%

9.09%

9.09%

9.09%

13.64%

0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00% 40.00% 45.00%

BY BUILDING USE TYPEMixed Hotel Exibitition Education Office Residential

72.73% of the pilot projects lie in heating dominant region – proven success and technological feasibility

22.73% in heating and cooling balanced region - in development

Only 4.55% in cooling dominant region - tryout

Office type dominate, 54.55% Residential: 18.18% Mingled with educational ,

exhibition and hotel



Pilot projects- application of technologies

0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00% 100.00%

Sky-light

Solar tube

Thermal Zoning

Solar HG

Site Veg.

Natural Vent.

Ground Cooling

Sun Shading

50.00%

40.91%

90.91%

90.91%

31.82%

100.00%

59.09%

86.36%

APPLICATION OF PASSIVE TECHNOLOGY

0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00% 100.00%

Efficient Lighting

Lighting Control

Efficient Appliance

Load Mng.

Ventilation heat recovery

Disp. Vent.

Radiant Heating

Radiant Cooling

Hot Water Heat Rec.

100.00%

86.36%

95.45%

90.91%

100.00%

13.64%

36.36%

31.82%

13.64%

APPLICATION OF ACTIVE TECHNOLOGY



Pilot projects-application of technologies

0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00% 70.00%

Solar Thermal

Photovotaic

Biomass

CHP

Wind

Air-S HP

Ground-S HP

68.18%

50.00%

0.00%

0.00%

0.00%

40.91%

50.00%

APPLICATION O RENEWABLE ENERGY

Solar thermal, GSHP/ASHP and PV prevail due to past governmental promotion

Zero use of wind, chp, and biomass in the sample size



68%70%70%

65%50%

64%60%

70%60.72%

72%50%

74%58%

50%50%

54.50%81%

60%

Tianjin SSEC PubhouseCABR NZEB

ngdao Soccer Training FacilitySCCC Training Center

UN-CIFAL Training CenterVelux Langfang HQ

Hebi VLEBMenred Low-carbon building

HappinessBurgCGCEC Chengdu Office

Jinglan Hotel

Relative building energy efficiency rate vs. code

Pilot projects-performance

0.180.20

0.10.45

0.150.17

0.150.2

0.140.3

0.150.20.2

0.150.15

0.140.3

0.18

Changcheng Employee TowerQingdao Eco-Park Demo Center

Crystal SchoolTaiyuan SME Imcubator

Xinhua OfficeShunda

Gree nZEBLandsea Brooke

Tianjin SSEC Pubhouse CenterLahsa nZEB

Building external wall u-value

11

0.91.10

0.80.8

10.80.8

1.20.8

10.8

11

0.750.8

1.21.3

0.85

Riverside QHDChangcheng Employee Tower

Qingdao Eco-Park Demo CenterCrystal School

Taiyuan SME ImcubatorXinhua Office

ShundaGree nZEB

Landsea BrookeTianjin SSEC Pubhouse Center

Lahsa nZEB

Building window u-value

650750

6461000

900900

1100845

942980

1200700

8501050

780

500402

Riverside QHD

Changcheng Employee Tower

Qingdao Eco-Park Demo CenterCrystal School

Taiyuan SME Imcubator

Xinhua Office

Shunda

Gree nZEB

Landsea Brooke

Tianjin SSEC Pubhouse Center

Lahsa nZEB

Building incremental cost

Pilot average 0.18 vs. code 0.45-50 Pilot average 0.95 vs. code 2.3

Pilot average ee rate 63% vs. code Pilot average RMB 835/m2



1. Background

2. Pilot projects


4. Mass market?

Outline



next stage: another 89 projects for best

practice case study, altogether 100+

over 80% for public building

over 73% in heating dominant climate zone

JJJ and Shandong area account for 55%+

Mass market? Maybe not yet, booming for sure

Mass market?

01020304050607080

residential public

NZEB BY Building Type

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

HD-1

HD-2

HCB

CD

NZEBs by Climate Zone

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Shandong

JJJ

SH/JS/ZJ

GD/FJ

Oters

NZEBs BY REGION



[email protected]

“CHINA Passive Building Alliance”（in short for CPBA) 200+ enterprises, design firms form the alliance Provide technical and product support

Mass market - CPBA



HD1-Extremely Cold

HD2-Cold Region

Feasible technology, moderately promotion

Matured technology，strong promotion

Feasibility TBD, experimental

HCB- Hot Summer Cold Winter

Technological route TBD ，exploratory promotion

未来工作

CD- HotSummer Warm Winter

Mass market?



Promotion Strategy

Promotion route

1

2

3

Industry developement

NorthernSouthern,ResidentialPublic, Consider local economy difference

Voluntary promotion.

Provide industry incentive and upgrademanufacturing. Accumulate experience and data for future code preparation.

Mass market?



Baseline 100

GB50189-2005EE 50%

GB50189-2014EE 65%

1980 1985 1995 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

FutureHistory

50%

65%

75%

82.5%95%

JGJ26-86EE 30%

JGJ26-95EE 50%

30%

JGJ26-2010EE 65%

Cold residential building JGJ26

Public building GB50189

30-30-30！

NZEBs

Concluding remarks



Thank You!

Caifeng Gao

[email protected]: