Development of Microbial Technology for Reduction of Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Emissions from Stacks

Dilip KetiwallaM.Tech HSE (III)

SAP id- 500021447R080212017

Under the Guidance of Ms. Nishanthini S.

Background

Objectives & Scope

Methodology

Results & Discussion

Conclusion

Roadmap

Greenhouse gases allow heat from the sun to penetrate the

earth's atmosphere but do not allow it to escape back into outer

space.

If current trends continue, the World will emit 56.8 billion tons of

CO2 by 2030, a 16% increase over 2006

After a survey in April, 2009 statistics stated that the CO2

emissions will be tripled in India by 2031.

Background

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

PetroleumCoalNatural Gas

CO

2 Em

issio

ns (

MM

T)

Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the consumption of the following Fossils

(2000-2011) in MMTPA

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

India’s Current Temperature Profile

Se-ries1

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

Temperature ( Degree C) Series2Series3

1959198719921997200620072008200920102011201220130

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Temperature Difference over the years w.r.t CO2 Emission

Se-ries1

28.96

29.72

29.2329.05

30.0629.84

29.64

30.2930.12

29.8229.8129.92

Annual Temperature

Annual Temperature

Identified the best suitable bacteria

for culture development

Factors on which selection of bacteria

is based:- Survival in O2

deficient & CO2 rich atmosphere

- Resistance to Moderate High Temperatures

- Mutualistic behavior with other species of bacteria

Aero-tolerant Thermophilic

Culture

Pure Culture to be

obtained

Survival in Anaerobic conditions

YES

Evaluate the absorption capacity of

Bacteria

Data Log Readings from the industry

on Stack Emissions

Apparatus

Material Properties:

-Heat Resistant-Durable and doesn’t react with the flue gases-Cost Effective- PUF (Poly Urethane Foam)

Design

Further Studies:-Resilience Limit-Amount of Bacteria required-The no. of days the culture will survive or be useful- Disposal method

Cultures: Quite a few human pathogens are strict anaerobes, exemplified by the bacillus-shaped genera---Gram –ve are Bacteroides, Bacillus (anthracis), and Gram +ve Clostridium (tetani, botulinum).

Thioglycollate broth: has a reducing agent in it---the chemical thioglycollate---which binds any free oxygen within the medium.

GasPak jar: whether it has oxygen inside or not, an indicator strip,containing methylene, is included in the jar. Methylene blue is blue when oxidized, colorless when reduced. The carbon within the pouch reacts with free oxygen in the jar, producing 10-15% CO2.

Results and the Procedure

Requires EXTREME CAUTION!! And Expertise At present, This method hasn’t been tried while there are two

common methods for algae based carbon sequestration: open ponds and closed photo bioreactors. Open ponds are simple expanses of water recessed into the ground with some mechanism to deliver CO2 and nutrients with paddle wheels to circulate the algae broth.

The method behind bio-fixation is Capturing the CO2 and NOx from power plant smoke stacks and feeding the CO2 to the system carrying the culture where up to 50% of harmful emissions from the smoke stack will be devoured.

This can be one of the BACT

Conclusion

Carbon Dioxide Emission in 2013 reached a record of 400 ppm

(n.d.). Retrieved September 23, 2013, from United States

Environment Protection Agency,US EPA: www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghge emissions

Soil Microbes may reduce carbon dioxide emissions in warmer world. (26, April 2010). Retrieved September 21, 2013, from Science20: www.science20.com/news_articles

Bor Yann Chen, S.-Q.-L. (2008). Reduction of Carbon Dioxide eissions by using microbial fuell cells during waste water treatment. Aerosol and Air Quality Research.

David, J. (2000). Economic Evaluation of Leading Technology options for sequestration of Carbon Dioxide. MIT.

Facts/India/Carbon Dioxide Emisisons. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2013, from Index Mundi: www.indexmundi.com

References

Any Questions?

Thank You