Submitted to

Supervisor: Co-Supervisor:

Engr. Aasim Ullah, Engr. Khurshedul Islam

Lecturer, Dept.of EEE, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE,

IIUC. IIUC.

Submitted by

Imtiyaz Hassan Md. Iftekhar Hossain

ET111062 ET111008

Introduction

There is an increasing demand for smart homes,

where appliances can be easily controlled through one

common device.

This project presents a possible solution whereby the

user controls devices by employing an Arduino UNO

and the control is communicated to the appliances

from a mobile phone through its Bluetooth interface.

Objectives: The objective of this project is to implement a

low cost, reliable and scalable home automation system that can be used to remotely switch on or off any household appliances.

To save the energy or power used in places like office or homes where lighting is very much important for the people and provide an automated life style.

Study about bluetooth module.

Study about the various purposes of bluetooth

technology.

What is Home

Automation? Home automation involves introducing a degree of

computerized or automatic control to certain

electrical and electronics system in a building.

This project demonstrates a simple home automation

system which contains a remote mobile host

controller and several client module (home

appliances).

The client modules communicate with host

controllers through a wireless device such as a

Bluetooth enabled mobile phone, in this case, an

android based smart phone.

Methodology: Comparison among three controllers i.e PLC,

microcontroller and Arduino. Selection of Arduinoover PLC and microcontroller for its overall advantages.

Designing of the circuit diagram for desired output.

Selection of HC-05 bluetooth module as receiver.

Collection of Android application to communicate with Arduino.

Designing the Arduino program code to implement the project.

Finally, assembling the equipments according to circuit design.

Besides, we have theoretically designed an automated motor pump system for a building which can be switched ON/OFF by smart phone via Bluetooth and is automated by PLC.

Why Arduino UNO ? Selection of Arduino over PLC and

microcontroller for its overall advantages.

Advantages of Arduino:

It simplifies the amount of hardware and

software.

It provides the number of libraries to make

programming the microcontroller easier.

It has an easier hardware platform setup and

allows programming and serial communication

over USB.

Components Used:

The Main components used in Smart Home Appliance Control System Using Smart Phone is :

1) Bluetooth module

2) Relay

3) Arduino UNO

4) Transistor (n-p-n) [BC547]

5) Resistors

6) Jumper (m-f, f-f)

7) Connecting wire

8) Holder, 2-pin socket

9) 5V power supply

Bluetooth

Module:

HC-05 is a Bluetooth Smart

module targeted for low-

power sensors and

accessories.

It integrates all features

required for

a Bluetooth Smart

application.

Relay :

A relay is an

electromagnetic switch

operated by a relatively

small electric current that

can turn on or off a much

larger electric current.

Relays are used where it is

necessary to control a circuit

by a low-power signal.

Arduino UNO: An Arduino board consists of

an Atmel 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-

bit microcontroller with

complementary components

that facilitate programming

into other circuits.

It is first manufactured in the

year 2005 in Italy. "Uno"

means one in Italian and it is

the latest in a series of USB

Arduino boards.

It contains everything needed

to support the

microcontroller.

It is connected to a computer

with a USB cable or power it

with a AC-to-DC adapter or

battery to get started.

Arduino UNO (contd.):

The Arduino board

exposes most of the

microcontroller's I/O pins

for use by other circuits.

Uno provide 14 digital I/O

pins, six of which can

produce pulse-width

modulated signals, and six

analog inputs, which can

also be used as six digital

I/O pins.

These pins are on the top

of the board, via female

0.10-inch (2.5 mm)

headers.

Arduino UNO (contd.): The boards feature serial communications

interfaces, including USB on some models, for loading programs from personal computers.

For programming the microcontrollers, the Arduino platform provides an integrated development environment (IDE) based on the Processing project, which includes support for C and C++ programming languages.

The Arduino IDE comes with a software library called "Wiring" from the original Wiring project, which makes many common input/output operations much easier. The users need only to define two functions to make an executable cyclic executive program:

Transistor: BC547 is an NPN bi-polar junction transistor.

It can be used as both amplifier and switch, here it is used as switch.

The absolute maximum current this transistor can handle is 100 mA. This is the DC current rating.

This transistor can switch low current Arduinomicrocontroller circuits.

Working :

Smart phone’s bluetooth is used as transmitter and

the bluetooth module of the circuit as the receiver.

Pin 10 and 11 are used as the Rx & Tx and pin 2

and 3 is used as the output of the Arduino.

A 5V is supplied to the Arduino to turn it ON.

When a signal is transmitted from the mobile to the

bluetooth module, it is transferred to the Arduino

through input pins.

The input digital signal is transferred to the circuit

through output pins.

Working (Contd.)

The project is designed for 2 loads at 220V (AC). For

turning ON any load via android app, a high signal is

transmitted to the receiver and the signal is converted into

digital one which is transferred into the circuit.

The signal triggers the “base” of the transistor which in

turns connects the emitter to the ground connection. The

“collector” is connected to the relay. The relay is used for

switching the loads.

When the base is triggered, it completes the closed path and

the relay is switched ON which turns ON the load.

To turn OFF the load, the input signal has to be ‘low’ which

cannot trigger the base. As a result, the ground is

disconnected so the relay will be switched OFF.

System Design:

Circuit Arrangement :

Software Design:

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial mySerial(10, 11);

char a;

void setup(){

pinMode(2,OUTPUT);

pinMode(3,OUTPUT);

mySerial.begin(9600);

Serial.begin(9600);

delay(100);

}

void loop(){

if(mySerial.available()){

a=mySerial.read();

if(a=='A'){

digitalWrite(2,HIGH);

}

if(a=='a'){

digitalWrite(2,LOW);

}

if(a=='B'){

digitalWrite(3,HIGH);

}

if(a=='b'){

digitalWrite(3,LOW);

}

}

}

Software Interface:

Project Output :

Theoretical Designing of an

automated motor: (Flowchart)

Begin

Valve Off

Motor ON

Low level =1

YES

High level=0

Motor ON

YES

NO

Motor OFF

Valve on

Low level =1

NO

Valve Off

YES

Motor ON

NO

System Design:

Wiring Diagram:

two water tanks Are considered here. One is

used for the purpose of a water tank from

where water is to be fetched and the other one

is used to fill water until a specific quantity.

The second tank comprises of two levers

attached inside that serve as lower level and

upper level for water. The levers move up or

down when water level rises or decay. Two

NPN-proximity sensors (input I1 and I2) are

used behind these levers and are attached on

the outer side of the tank’s wall in order to

detect the movement of the levers.

When the water is at low level the sensor I1

will give signal and in this case pump Q1 will

start working and fill water in tank .

The pump will continue to work until the

upper level sensor I3 is turned ON when

water reaches the upper level.

Both the sensors will now give signal 0. At

this stage the pump will switch off and a

solenoid valve that is output Q2 will open to

pour the water out.

Software design of Arduino UNO for

the Motor:#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial mySerial(10, 11);

char a;

void setup(){

pinMode(2,OUTPUT);

pinMode(3,OUTPUT);

pinMode(4,OUTPUT);

pinMode(5,OUTPUT);

mySerial.begin(9600);

delay(100); }

void loop(){

if(mySerial.available())

{

a=mySerial.read();

void loop(){

if(mySerial.available()){

a=mySerial.read();

if(a=='A'){

digitalWrite(2,HIGH); }

if(a=='a'){

digitalWrite(2,LOW); }

if(a=='B'){ digitalWrite(3,HIGH); } if(a=='b'){ digitalWrite(3,LOW); }

if(a=='C'){ digitalWrite(4,HIGH); } if(a=='c'){ digitalWrite(4,LOW); }

if digitalWrite(4,HIGH);{digitalWrite(5,LOW); }

if(a=='D'){ digitalWrite(5,HIGH); } if(a=='d'){ digitalWrite(5,LOW); } } }

Ladder (output) diagram:

The ladder diagram shows

that Q1 (pump) will only

start when either of the

inputs I1 (lower sensor) or

I2 (upper sensor) is in on

As soon as the both sensors

are turned off, Q2 (valve)

will turn on and pour out

the water.

Cost Calculation: Our total equipment cost is 1930 /= only.

We have also estimated an approximate cost for a 1500 sqft.

Home with twelve loads which is 7230/= only.

If we want to economies it, we can use an Arduino board made

by China, instead of Italy. It costs only 900/= . The original one

is 3000/=. In that case, the total cost will only be 5130/=

Power Consumption: For the assumed home of 12 loads, we have to

use 12 individual relays with the loads.

Power required for each relay is 0.36 watt. So for

12 loads, it will be 0.36*12=4.32 watt.

The Arduino itself requires power of 2 watt.

So the total power consumption for a home of 12

loads will only be 4.32+2=6.32 watt.

Applications :

It is mostly suitable for handicapped/ill persons.

Can be used in various rooms like seminar room,

hall room etc.

Centralized control of loads in a place.

Industrial automation via computer.

Home entertainment.

.

Advantages :

The main advantage is that this project can widely be used by “Physically Challenged and Disabled People” .

Low cost.

Easy to use.

Comfortable living.

Prevents wasting of electricity.

Gives user interface.

Replace television, air conditioner etc. remotes for sleep mode.

Smart Home.

Conclusion :

Home Automation is undeniably a resource which can make a home environment automated. People can control their electrical devices via these Home Automation devices and set up controlling actions through Mobile.

In future this product may have high potential for marketing.

Further it can be demonstrated from computer instead of mobile phone for controlling the appliances of any larger places like industries, hospitals, institutions etc centrally.