developing theoretical

8/3/2019 Developing Theoretical

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Developing theoretical /

Conceptual framework


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THEORY

A theory can be defined as an integral

set of concepts and statements that

presents a view of a phenomenon thatcan be used to describe, explain,

predict, and control that phenomenon

A theory is a set of concepts andprepositions that provide an orderly

way to view a phenomenon


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A theory is a set of interrelated

construct, definitions & propositions

that present a systematic view ofphenomenon by specifying relations

among variables with the purpose of

explaining and predicting thephenomenon.

Kelinger,1973


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Components of a Traditional theory

1.Concepts are the basic ingredients in the

formulation of a theory

Eg: nursing Concepts- adaptation,

health, anxiety, nurse- client interaction,

social support


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2. Theories comprise of a set of

statements or propositions (plan of

action), each of which indicates arelationships among the concepts

Eg: relationships are denoted by

associated with varies directly with


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3. Propositions must form a logically

interrelated deductive system

Eg: general to specific, new statementsfrom original propositions


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Conceptual Framework

Is a symbolic representation of some

phenomenon

Helps explain the relationship betweenconcepts, but being based on one theory,

links concepts selected from several theories,

from previous research results or from

researchers own experience


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Theoretical framework

A framework is a brief explanation of

theory or those portions of a theory which

are to be tested in a quantitative study


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Nature And Characteristics of theories

(Types)

Grand theories

Middle- range theories


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Grand theories

Broad Range

Maslows Hierarchy of need theory


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Middle- range theories

Less abstract & narrower in scope than grand

theories.

Health belief theory


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Purposes & uses of theories, models,

Frameworks

Building blocks of research study

Provide a conceptual context

Used to describe, explain, predict & prescribea phenomenon.

Guide & generate ideas for research


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Uses/ Purposes Make research findings meaningful &

generalizable

Theories allow researchers to knit togetherobservations & facts into an orderly scheme.

Theories, models can guide the researchersunderstanding of why & what of a phenomena

They provide basis for predicting the occurrenceof a phenomena

Stimulate research & the extension ofknowledge by providing both direction &impetus

May serve as a springboard for scientificadvances


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Developing theoretical / Conceptual

framework


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Steps

1. Identification of the general concepts

2. Gathering relevant information

3. Formulation of general scheme of relevantconcepts

4. Development of a logical construct

5. Evaluation and revision6. Establishment of the congruity


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Identification of the general concepts

Based on the study variables

Previous research findings

Existing theories & models

Real life situations, experience


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Gathering relevant information

Read primary sources

Helps understand concepts more

empirically


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Formulation of general scheme of

relevant concepts

Establish general relationship between

the different related & relevant

information Through brainstorming & logical

reasoning


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Development of a logical construct

Construct is highly abstract, complex

description of a phenomenon


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Evaluation and revision

Evaluated for relevance relationship to

conclude or generalize

Revisions made before development of aframework


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Establishment of the congruity

Establish the congruity between conceptual

model & its components, the research

problem, hypothesis, the description of the

concepts, selection of research design


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Testing theory in nursing research

Review various theories that may be

appropriate to examine the identified

problem Select a theory to be tested in the study

Review the literature on this theory

Develop study hypotheses

Define study variables


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Choose study instruments

Describe study findings

Relate study conclusions to the theory

Determine support for the theory

Determine implications for nursing

Make recommendations for future

research

developing theoretical

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